World Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Focal adhesion kinase: A promising regulator of colitis-associated healing.","authors":"Kaitlyn Kaye Malek, Balawant Kumar, Rizwan Ahmad, Amar Singh, Marc D Basson","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i33.105466","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i33.105466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear, compromised epithelial barrier integrity is believed to promote susceptibility to IBD and be associated with disease severity, suggesting that improving gut barrier integrity may palliate or treat IBD. Such a notion gets support from the clinical findings that mucosal healing in IBD patients is associated with improved prognosis, and reduced risk of relapse or colitis-associated cancer. It therefore becomes critical to understand the intracellular signals that regulate mucosal healing and gut barrier integrity. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that critically modulates epithelial cell growth and mobility and has been associated with carcinogenesis. However, studies also suggest that FAK activation may promote mucosal healing under conditions of colitis, which should reduce the risk of colitis-associated cancer. These findings highlight a potentially transformative role for FAK in the context of IBD. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which FAK influences gut barrier repair and mucosal integrity could offer novel therapeutic avenues for treating IBD and preventing its long-term complications. This review focuses on the potential role of FAK in promoting colitis-associated mucosal healing and the underlying molecular mechanisms driving these processes, offering critical insights into IBD pathogenesis and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 33","pages":"105466"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and the development of metabolic dysfunction and associated steatotic liver disease.","authors":"Noube Julie Raissa, Shuo-Yi Yao, Fen Wang","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i33.110176","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i33.110176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research is to explore the relationship between <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection and the development of metabolic dysfunction and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), based on research by Ye <i>et al</i>. Their investigation analyzed the association of <i>H. pylori</i> infection with obesity, glucose, lipids, blood pressure, and MASLD in Chinese adults, through a cross-sectional study of 28624 participants. Clinical data analysis demonstrated that <i>H. pylori</i>-positive participants exhibited significantly higher ages, blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, and greater MASLD detection rates compare to the <i>H. pylo</i> <i>ri</i>-negative participants. These differences achieved statistical significance (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified, elevated glucose, body mass index, and diastolic pressure as independent risk factors for <i>H. pylori</i> infection, while high-density lipoprotein demonstrated protective effects. These findings suggest that <i>H. pylori</i> infection may contribute to metabolic disturbances and MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 33","pages":"110176"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12417989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epiploic appendagitis: An overlooked cause of acute abdominal pain.","authors":"Yasser El-Sawaf, Salman Alzayani, Nermin K Saeed, Adel S Bediwy, Reem Elbeltagi, Khaldoon Al-Roomi, Mohammed Al-Beltagi","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.109897","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.109897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epiploic appendagitis is a rare, often underrecognized cause of acute abdominal pain. Misdiagnosis can lead to unnecessary hospitalization, antibiotic use, or surgical intervention. Advances in imaging have improved the recognition of this self-limiting condition, but clinical awareness remains critical.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To provide a comprehensive update on the epidemiology, anatomy, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, differential diagnosis, and management of epiploic appendagitis, emphasizing its distinguishing features from other causes of acute abdomen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review of the literature was conducted, focusing on the clinical characteristics, imaging findings, differential diagnoses, and evidence-based management strategies for epiploic appendagitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Epiploic appendagitis typically presents with acute, localized, non-radiating abdominal pain without significant systemic symptoms. Diagnosis is heavily reliant on imaging, with computed tomography (CT) being the gold standard. Hallmark CT findings include a small, fat-density ovoid lesion adjacent to the colon, with the usual characteristic ring and dot signs. Differential diagnoses include mainly diverticulitis, appendicitis, omental infarction, and many other causes. Management is predominantly conservative with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and observation, reserving surgical intervention for rare, complicated cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recognizing the clinical and imaging features of epiploic appendagitis is essential to avoid unnecessary interventions. Increased clinician awareness, coupled with judicious use of imaging, facilitates timely diagnosis and appropriate management, ensuring optimal patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 32","pages":"109897"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex based relative expression of estrogen receptors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in liver affects hepatitis C virus viral pathogenesis.","authors":"Sarah Groover, Sarah Addison, Savannah Nicks, Mitchelle Mwangi, Amy Brooks, Anil Kaul, Rashmi Kaul","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.104277","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.104277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health concern, representing the second most common cause of malignancy-related mortality in the world. The primary cause of HCC in the United States is chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Clinical observations have established sex-based differences in HCV infection with the disease progressing more severely and more rapidly in males and postmenopausal females compared to premenopausal females, suggesting that estrogens and their receptors may play an important role in hepatic defenses and development of HCV-mediated HCC. However, the precise mechanism of estrogen protection and their effects on inflammation is poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine whether estrogen receptor (ER) expression is correlated with the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in males and females with HCV-associated diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The role of ERs in modulating innate immune responses was investigated using human liver tissues with HCV/cirrhosis and HCV/HCC. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein (nuclear and cytoplasmic) expression were measured for all markers of interest and compared to normal human liver tissue samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ERβ was reported for the first time to have a greater mRNA expression than ERα in normal liver (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.001). In addition, ERβ mRNA expression was found to be decreased in diseased livers (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05), while TNF-α expression was increased (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.0001). Upon stratifying by sex within each disease group, <i>ESR1</i> was found to be negatively correlated with <i>ESR2</i> in females with HCV/cirrhosis (<i>r</i> = -0.84, <i>P</i> ≤ 0.001), whereas males with HCV/cirrhosis were found to have a significant positive correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.57, <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05). <i>ESR2</i> mRNA expression had a significant positive correlation with TNF-α in both HCV/cirrhosis (<i>r</i> = 0.61, <i>P</i> ≤ 0.001) and HCV/HCC patients (<i>r</i> = 0.45, <i>P</i> ≤ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All together, these findings indicate that changes in ERβ and TNF-α expression are associated with worsening disease, and may be part of the sex-dependent factors in HCC pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 32","pages":"104277"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin-induced ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by stimulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibiting alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2-driven glutamine metabolism.","authors":"Qian Zhao, Hui Zhang, Huang-Min Wu, Qun-Ying Yang, Hong Zhao, Le Kang, Xiang-Yin Lv","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.108654","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.108654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer, characterized by aggressive proliferation and metastasis, is a lethal malignancy. The nightly hormone melatonin serves as a rhythm-regulating hormone, and is used to treat different cancers including pancreatic cancer.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate how melatonin acts against human pancreatic cancer cell lines and analyze the biological processes that cause the observed effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Panc-1 and AsPC-1 cells were treated with melatonin. Cell viability was measured using the cell counting kit-8 assay. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to analyze protein expression levels. Ferroptosis was measured by analyzing lipid reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels; apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Melatonin significantly inhibited the viability, colony formation, migration, and invasion of Panc-1 and AsPC-1 cells. Additionally, melatonin activated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway (protein kinase R-like ER kinase-eukaryotic initiation factor 2α-activating transcription factor 4), inhibited glutamine metabolism (alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2-glutaminase 1-glutathione peroxidase 4, alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2-glutathione peroxidase 4), and promoted ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Co-treatment with a high melatonin concentration and protein kinase R-like ER kinase agonist (CCT020312) enhanced melatonin-induced ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Melatonin demonstrated a variety of anticancer effects by inhibiting autophagy. This was achieved through the increased expression of sequestosome-1 and decreased expression of light chain 3. Additionally, melatonin facilitated the promotion of apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Melatonin induces ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by activating transcription factor 4-dependent ER stress and inhibiting glutamine metabolism, promotes apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells, and inhibits autophagy, leading to synergistic anticancer effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 32","pages":"108654"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of dual-layer spectral computed tomography virtual monoenergetic imaging with multiplanar reformation for T-staging of colorectal cancer.","authors":"Fei-Xiang Chen, Ke-Ke Jiang, Jian-Feng Zhu, Mei-Rong Wang, Xiao-Le Fan, Ju-Shun Yang, Bo-Sheng He","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.110573","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.110573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate preoperative T staging is essential for determining optimal treatment strategies in colorectal cancer (CRC). Low-keV virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) have been shown to enhance lesion conspicuity. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of dual-layer spectral computed tomography (CT)-derived VMIs, in combination with multiplanar reformation (MPR) and evaluation of peritumoral fat stranding (PFS), for improving the accuracy of T staging in CRC.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the diagnostic performance of dual-layer spectral CT (DLSCT) VMIs, particularly at low energy levels, and their integration with personalized MPR for preoperative T staging of CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, 157 patients with pathologically confirmed CRC (mean age: 63.5 ± 12.1 years) underwent DLSCT within 1 week before surgery. VMIs ranging from 40 keV to 70 keV (at 10 keV intervals) and conventional polyenergetic images (PEIs) were reconstructed. Objective image quality parameters, including image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), were quantified, alongside subjective image quality scores using a 5-point Likert scale. Interobserver agreement was evaluated using <i>κ</i> statistics. Taking histopathology as the reference standard, the diagnostic accuracy of T staging (T1-2 <i>vs</i> T3-4) was compared across PEIs and VMIs, both with and without MPR and PFS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low-keV VMIs (40-70 keV) demonstrated significantly higher SNR and CNR than PEIs (all <i>P</i> < 0.001). Notably, 40-keV VMIs achieved noise levels comparable to PEIs (8.17 ± 3.63 <i>vs</i> 8.53 ± 2.90; <i>P</i> = 0.673). Subjective image quality peaked at 40-50 keV VMIs (Likert scores 4.85-4.88 <i>vs</i> 3.97 for PEIs; <i>P</i> < 0.001), supported by excellent interobserver agreement (<i>κ</i> = 0.812-0.913). The combination of 40-50 keV VMIs with MPR yielded the highest T staging accuracy (94.27%) compared to axial PEIs (70.7%), with a sensitivity and specificity of 83.87% and 96.83%, respectively (Youden index = 0.81; <i>P</i> < 0.05). While PFS enhanced staging accuracy on PEIs (up to 77.07% with MPR), it provided no significant additional benefit for VMIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DLSCT VMIs at 40-50 keV significantly enhanced image quality and improved preoperative T staging accuracy of CRC when combined with MPR. These findings underscored the clinical value of low-keV spectral imaging in tailoring individualized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 32","pages":"110573"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ménétrier disease: A clinical review.","authors":"Ana R Barros, Sara Monteiro, Jorge Silva","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.108401","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.108401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ménétrier disease (MD) is a rare gastric disorder characterized by hypertrophy of the gastric mucosa, resulting in giant gastric folds, excessive mucus secretion, and significant protein loss. It is most common in middle-aged males, although cases have also been reported in children. This condition, also known as hyperplastic hypersecretory gastropathy, primarily affects the fundus and body of the stomach, leading to protein-losing gastropathy due to increased mucosal permeability. The exact pathogenesis of MD remains unclear; however, it has been linked to excessive transforming growth factor-alpha signaling <i>via</i> the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which promotes mucosal hyperplasia. Clinical manifestations include epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, and peripheral edema due to protein-losing enteropathy. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, endoscopic findings, and histopathology revealing foveolar hyperplasia and glandular atrophy. Treatment options vary from symptomatic management with proton pump inhibitors and nutritional support to monoclonal antibodies targeting EGFR (<i>e.g.</i>, cetuximab) in severe cases. In refractory situations, gastrectomy may be required. This review highlights the current understanding, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies for MD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 32","pages":"108401"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel chromogenic medium-based method for the rapid detection of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> drug resistance.","authors":"Ai-Xing Guan, Shuang-Yan Yang, Tong Wu, Wen-Ting Zhou, Hao Chen, Zan-Song Huang, Pei-Pei Luo, Yan-Qiang Huang","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.106424","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.106424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>), a globally prevalent pathogen, is exhibiting increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance. However, clinical implementation of pre-treatment susceptibility testing remains limited due to the organism's fastidious growth requirements and prolonged culture time.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To propose a novel detection method utilizing antibiotic-supplemented media to inhibit susceptible strains, while resistant isolates were identified through urease-mediated hydrolysis of urea, inducing a phenol red color change for visual confirmation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Colombia agar was supplemented with urea, phenol red, and nickel chloride, and the final pH was adjusted to 7.35. Antibiotic-selective media were prepared by incorporating amoxicillin (0.5 μg/mL), clarithromycin (2 μg/mL), metronidazole (8 μg/mL), or levofloxacin (2 μg/mL) into separate batches. Gastric antral biopsies were homogenized and inoculated at 1.0 × 10⁵ CFU onto the media, and then incubated under microaerobic conditions at 37 °C for 28-36 hours. Resistance was determined based on a color change from yellow to pink, and the results were validated <i>via</i> broth microdilution according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 28-36 hours of incubation, the drug-resistant <i>H. pylori</i> isolates induced a light red color change in the medium. Conversely, susceptible strains (<i>H. pylori</i> 26695 and G27) produced no visible color change. Compared with the conventional 11-day protocol, the novel method significantly reduced detection time. Among 201 clinical isolates, 182 were successfully evaluated using the new method, resulting in a 90.5% detection rate. This was consistent with the 95.5% agreement rate observed when compared with microdilution-based susceptibility testing. The success rate of the novel approach was significantly higher than that of the comparative method (<i>P</i> < 0.01). The accuracy of the new method was comparable to that of the dilution method.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The novel detection method can rapidly detect <i>H. pylori</i> drug resistance within 28-36 hours. With its operational simplicity and high diagnostic performance, it holds strong potential for clinical application in the management of <i>H. pylori</i> antimicrobial resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 32","pages":"106424"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duodenal mucosal ablation with irreversible electroporation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Roadmap of the future treatment.","authors":"Khaled Mohamed Mohamed Koriem","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.109235","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.109235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the main causes of liver fibrosis and cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming more common every year. The novel work by Yu <i>et al</i>, which evaluates the viability and efficacy of duodenal mucosal ablation (DMA) with irreversible electroporation (IRE) in NAFLD rat models, is examined in this article. When DMA was used with IRE to small rodents, the study found that the duodenum healed successfully two weeks later and had thicker myenterons, narrower and shallower crypts, and slimmer villi than in the sham-control group. When DMA with IRE were used, liver lipid deposition and serum lipid index values decreased; these improvements occurred regardless of food consumption or weight loss. Furthermore, the DMA group's enteroendocrine parameters varied among the various duodenal areas, including claudin and zonula ocludens-1 Levels in the duodenal mucosa. As a result, DMA with IRE in rodents demonstrated no duodenal bleeding or perforation following ablation, providing a promising path for more advanced NAFLD treatment approaches. In order to improve approach outcomes, this paper addresses the implications of extending the study length and animal size, analyzing inflammatory marker studies, and measuring intestinal lipid indexes and endocrine parameters on a weekly basis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 32","pages":"109235"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay between endocrine disorders and liver dysfunction: Mechanisms of damage and therapeutic approaches.","authors":"Andres M Vargas-Beltran, Samantha M Armendariz-Pineda, Froylan D Martínez-Sánchez, Carolina Martinez-Perez, Aldo Torre, Jacqueline Cordova-Gallardo","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.108827","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v31.i32.108827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endocrine disorders frequently lead to metabolic disturbances that significantly affect liver function. Understanding the complex interplay between hormonal imbalances and liver dysfunction is essential for advancing targeted therapeutic strategies. This comprehensive review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms linking major endocrine disorders to liver disease, with a focus on the roles of the thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, and sex hormones. Thyroid dysfunction is associated with alterations in liver enzyme levels and metabolic regulation, often resulting in hepatic steatosis or cholestasis. Hyperparathyroidism and consequent hypercalcemia have been linked to hepatic calcifications. Insulin resistance, both hepatic and peripheral, contributes to excessive lipid accumulation in the liver, exacerbating steatotic changes. Adrenal gland disorders, particularly in the setting of chronic liver disease, impair cortisol metabolism and may worsen hepatic injury. Additionally, sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone modulate the progression of liver fibrosis and influence the development of metabolic syndrome. The intricate relationship between endocrine and hepatic systems underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach in the management of liver disease. Addressing underlying hormonal disturbances may enhance patient outcomes and prevent further hepatic deterioration. Future research should prioritize integrative therapeutic strategies that concurrently target endocrine and liver dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"31 32","pages":"108827"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}