World Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

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Construction and validation of a pancreatic cancer prognostic model based on genes related to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. 基于缺氧肿瘤微环境相关基因的胰腺癌预后模型的构建与验证
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4057
Fan Yang, Na Jiang, Xiao-Yu Li, Xing-Si Qi, Zi-Bin Tian, Ying-Jie Guo
{"title":"Construction and validation of a pancreatic cancer prognostic model based on genes related to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.","authors":"Fan Yang, Na Jiang, Xiao-Yu Li, Xing-Si Qi, Zi-Bin Tian, Ying-Jie Guo","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4057","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, characterized by poor prognosis and low survival rates. Traditional prognostic factors for pancreatic cancer offer inadequate predictive accuracy, often failing to capture the complexity of the disease. The hypoxic tumor microenvironment has been recognized as a significant factor influencing cancer progression and resistance to treatment. This study aims to develop a prognostic model based on key hypoxia-related molecules to enhance prediction accuracy for patient outcomes and to guide more effective treatment strategies in pancreatic cancer.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop and validate a prognostic model for predicting outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer using key hypoxia-related molecules.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pancreatic cancer prognostic model was developed based on the expression levels of the hypoxia-associated genes <i>CAPN2</i>, <i>PLAU</i>, and <i>CCNA2</i>. The results were validated in an independent dataset. This study also examined the correlations between the model risk score and various clinical features, components of the immune microenvironment, chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity, and metabolism-related pathways. Real-time quantitative PCR verification was conducted to confirm the differential expression of the target genes in hypoxic and normal pancreatic cancer cell lines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prognostic model demonstrated significant predictive value, with the risk score showing a strong correlation with clinical features: It was significantly associated with tumor grade (G) (<sup>b</sup> <i>P</i> < 0.01), moderately associated with tumor stage (T) (<sup>a</sup> <i>P</i> < 0.05), and significantly correlated with residual tumor (R) status (<sup>b</sup> <i>P</i> < 0.01). There was also a significant negative correlation between the risk score and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of some chemotherapeutic drugs. Furthermore, the risk score was linked to the enrichment of metabolism-related pathways in pancreatic cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prognostic model based on hypoxia-related genes effectively predicts pancreatic cancer outcomes with improved accuracy over traditional factors and can guide treatment selection based on risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dual-targeted treatment for inflammatory bowel disease: Whether fecal microbiota transplantation can be an important part of it. 炎症性肠病的双靶向治疗:粪便微生物群移植是否可以成为其中的重要组成部分?
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4025
Zi-Ning Zhang, Li-Xuan Sang
{"title":"Dual-targeted treatment for inflammatory bowel disease: Whether fecal microbiota transplantation can be an important part of it.","authors":"Zi-Ning Zhang, Li-Xuan Sang","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4025","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disease. With the emergence of biologics and other therapeutic methods, two biologics or one biologic combined with a novel small-molecule drug has been proposed in recent years to treat IBD. Although treatment strategies for IBD are being optimized, their efficacy and risks still warrant further consideration. This editorial explores the current risks associated with dual-targeted treatment for IBD and the great potential that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may have for use in combination therapy for IBD. We are focused on addressing refractory IBD or biologically resistant IBD based on currently available dual-targeted treatment by incorporating FMT as part of this dual-targeted treatment. In this new therapy regimen, FMT represents a promising combination therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Autophagy and its role in gastrointestinal diseases. 自噬及其在胃肠道疾病中的作用。
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4014
Bo-Zong Shao, Wen-Gang Zhang, Zhen-Yu Liu, En-Qiang Linghu
{"title":"Autophagy and its role in gastrointestinal diseases.","authors":"Bo-Zong Shao, Wen-Gang Zhang, Zhen-Yu Liu, En-Qiang Linghu","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4014","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal disorders encompass a spectrum of conditions affecting various organs within the digestive system, such as the esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, liver, small intestine, and bile ducts. The role of autophagy in the etiology and progression of gastrointestinal diseases has garnered significant attention. This paper seeks to evaluate the impact and mechanisms of autophagy in gastrointestinal disorders by synthesizing recent research findings. Specifically, we delve into inflammation-related gastrointestinal conditions, including ul-cerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and pancreatitis, as well as gastrointestinal cancers such as esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. Additionally, we provide commentary on a recent publication by Chang <i>et al</i> in the <i>World Journal of Gastroenterology</i>. Our objective is to offer fresh perspectives on the mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for these gastrointestinal ailments. This review aims to offer new perspectives on the mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for gastrointestinal disorders by critically analyzing relevant publications. As discussed, the role of autophagy in gastrointestinal diseases is complex and, at times, contentious. To harness the full therapeutic potential of autophagy in treating these conditions, more in-depth research is imperative.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computed tomography-based multi-organ radiomics nomogram model for predicting the risk of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. 基于计算机断层扫描的多器官放射组学提名图模型,用于预测肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张出血的风险。
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4044
Yu-Jie Peng, Xin Liu, Ying Liu, Xue Tang, Qi-Peng Zhao, Yong Du
{"title":"Computed tomography-based multi-organ radiomics nomogram model for predicting the risk of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in cirrhosis.","authors":"Yu-Jie Peng, Xin Liu, Ying Liu, Xue Tang, Qi-Peng Zhao, Yong Du","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4044","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiomics has been used in the diagnosis of cirrhosis and prediction of its associated complications. However, most current studies predict the risk of esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) based on image features at a single level, which results in incomplete data. Few studies have explored the use of global multi-organ radiomics for non-invasive prediction of EVB secondary to cirrhosis.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a model based on clinical and multi-organ radiomic features to predict the risk of first-instance secondary EVB in patients with cirrhosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 208 patients with cirrhosis were retrospectively evaluated and randomly split into training (<i>n</i> = 145) and validation (<i>n</i> = 63) cohorts. Three areas were chosen as regions of interest for extraction of multi-organ radiomic features: The whole liver, whole spleen, and lower esophagus-gastric fundus region. In the training cohort, radiomic score (Rad-score) was created by screening radiomic features using the inter-observer and intra-observer correlation coefficients and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method. Independent clinical risk factors were selected using multivariate logistic regression analyses. The radiomic features and clinical risk variables were combined to create a new radiomics-clinical model (RC model). The established models were validated using the validation cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RC model yielded the best predictive performance and accurately predicted the EVB risk of patients with cirrhosis. Ascites, portal vein thrombosis, and plasma prothrombin time were identified as independent clinical risk factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values for the RC model, Rad-score (liver + spleen + esophagus), Rad-score (liver), Rad-score (spleen), Rad-score (esophagus), and clinical model in the training cohort were 0.951, 0.930, 0.801, 0.831, 0.864, and 0.727, respectively. The corresponding AUC values in the validation cohort were 0.930, 0.886, 0.763, 0.792, 0.857, and 0.692.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with cirrhosis, combined multi-organ radiomics and clinical model can be used to non-invasively predict the probability of the first secondary EVB.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: Exploring the mechanisms from glycemic control to treatment of multisystemic diseases. 胰高血糖素样肽-1 受体激动剂:从血糖控制到多系统疾病治疗的机制探索。
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4036
Mo-Wei Kong, Yang Yu, Ying Wan, Yu Gao, Chun-Xiang Zhang
{"title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: Exploring the mechanisms from glycemic control to treatment of multisystemic diseases.","authors":"Mo-Wei Kong, Yang Yu, Ying Wan, Yu Gao, Chun-Xiang Zhang","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4036","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial takes a deeper look at the insights provided by Soresi and Giannitrapani, which examined the therapeutic potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. We provide supplementary insights to their research, highlighting the broader systemic implications of GLP-1RAs, synthesizing the current understanding of their mechanisms and the trajectory of research in this field. GLP-1RAs are revolutionizing the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and beyond. Beyond glycemic control, GLP-1RAs demonstrate cardiovascular and renal protective effects, offering potential in managing diabetic kidney disease al-ongside renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. Their role in bone metabolism hints at benefits for diabetic osteoporosis, while the neuroprotective properties of GLP-1RAs show promise in Alzheimer's disease treatment by modulating neuronal insulin signaling. Additionally, they improve hormonal and metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome. This editorial highlights the multifaceted mechanisms of GLP-1RAs, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to fully realize their therapeutic potential across a range of multisystemic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Redefining hemorrhoid therapy with endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding. 重新定义痔疮的内窥镜聚多卡醇泡沫硬化剂注射疗法。
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4021
Asad Gul Rao, Abdulqadir J Nashwan
{"title":"Redefining hemorrhoid therapy with endoscopic polidocanol foam sclerobanding.","authors":"Asad Gul Rao, Abdulqadir J Nashwan","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4021","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemorrhoids are a common and painful condition, with conventional treatments such as endoscopic rubber band ligation (ERBL) and injection sclerotherapy often falling short due to high recurrence rates and significant post-operative pain. A clinical trial by Qu <i>et al</i> introduces a novel approach called endoscopic poli-docanol foam sclerobanding (EFSB). This multicenter randomized trial involved 195 patients with grade II and III internal hemorrhoids and demonstrated that EFSB significantly reduced recurrence rates and post-procedural pain while improving symptom relief and patient satisfaction compared to ERBL. The study's strengths include its robust design, comprehensive outcome evaluation, and patient-centered approach. Despite limitations such as the single-blind design and relatively short follow-up period, the findings suggest that EFSB could enhance clinical practice by offering a more effective and patient-friendly treatment option. Further research is needed to validate these results and explore the long-term benefits and cost-effectiveness of EFSB.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Liver transplantation following two conversions in a patient with huge hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein invasion: A case report. 一名患有巨大肝细胞癌和门静脉侵犯的患者在两次转换后接受了肝移植手术:病例报告。
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4071
Li-Cong Liang, Wen-Sou Huang, Zhao-Xiong Guo, Hong-Ji You, Yong-Jian Guo, Ming-Yue Cai, Li-Teng Lin, Guo-Ying Wang, Kang-Shun Zhu
{"title":"Liver transplantation following two conversions in a patient with huge hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein invasion: A case report.","authors":"Li-Cong Liang, Wen-Sou Huang, Zhao-Xiong Guo, Hong-Ji You, Yong-Jian Guo, Ming-Yue Cai, Li-Teng Lin, Guo-Ying Wang, Kang-Shun Zhu","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4071","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surgical resection and liver transplantation (LT) are the most effective curative options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, few patients with huge HCC (> 10 cm in diameter), especially those with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT), can receive these treatments. Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) can be used as a conversion therapy for them because it has the dual benefit of shrinking tumors and increasing residual hepatic volume. However, in patients with huge HCC, high lung absorbed dose often prevents them from receiving SIRT.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 35-year-old man was admitted because of emaciation and pain in the hepatic region for about 1 month. The computed tomography scan showed a 20.2 cm × 19.8 cm tumor located in the right lobe-left medial lobes with right portal vein and right hepatic vein invasion. After the pathological type of HCC was confirmed by biopsy, two conversions were presented. The first one was drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization plus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and lenvatinib and sintilimab, converted to SIRT, and the second one was sequential SIRT with continued systemic treatment. The tumor size significantly decreased from 20.2 cm × 19.8 cm to 16.2 cm × 13.8 cm, then sequentially to 7.8 cm × 6.8 cm. In the meantime, the ratio of spared volume to total liver volume increased gradually from 34.4% to 55.7%, then to 62.9%. Furthermore, there was visualization of the portal vein, indicating regression of the tumor thrombus. Finally, owing to the new tumor in the left lateral lobe, the patient underwent LT instead of resection without major complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with inoperable huge HCC with PVTT could be converted to SIRT first and accept surgery sequentially.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond bacteria: Role of non-bacterial gut microbiota species in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer progression. 细菌之外:非细菌性肠道微生物群在炎症性肠病和结直肠癌进展中的作用。
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4078
Hania Haque, Syeda Warisha Zehra, Mohammad Shahzaib, Saif Abbas, Nazish Jaffar
{"title":"Beyond bacteria: Role of non-bacterial gut microbiota species in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer progression.","authors":"Hania Haque, Syeda Warisha Zehra, Mohammad Shahzaib, Saif Abbas, Nazish Jaffar","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4078","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This letter emphasizes the need to expand discussions on gut microbiome's role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) by including the often-overlooked non-bacterial components of the human gut flora. It highlights how viral, fungal and archaeal inhabitants of the gut respond towards gut dys-biosis and contribute to disease progression. Viruses such as bacteriophages target certain bacterial species and modulate the immune system. Other viruses found associated include Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus, John Cunningham virus, cytomegalovirus, and human herpes simplex virus type 6. Fungi such as <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Malassezia</i> contribute by forming tissue-invasive filaments and producing inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Archaea, mainly <i>metha-nogens</i> are also found altering the microbial fermentation pathways. This corres-pondence, thus underscores the significance of considering the pathological and physiological mechanisms of the entire spectrum of the gut microbiota to develop effective therapeutic interventions for both IBD and CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reconceptualization of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated gastritis. 重新认识免疫检查点抑制剂相关性胃炎。
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4031
Ying-Fang Deng, Xian-Shu Cui, Liang Wang
{"title":"Reconceptualization of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated gastritis.","authors":"Ying-Fang Deng, Xian-Shu Cui, Liang Wang","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4031","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i36.4031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, with the extensive application of immunotherapy in clinical practice, it has achieved encouraging therapeutic effects. While enhancing clinical efficacy, however, it can also cause autoimmune damage, triggering immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Reports of immunotherapy-induced gastritis have been increasing annually, but due to its atypical clinical symptoms, early diag-nosis poses a certain challenge. Furthermore, it can lead to severe complications such as gastric bleeding, elevating the risk of adverse outcomes for solid tumor patients if immunotherapy is interrupted. Therefore, gaining a thorough under-standing of the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment of immune-related gastritis is of utmost importance for early identification, diagnosis, and treatment. Additionally, the treatment of immune-related gastritis should be personalized according to the specific condition of each patient. For patients with grade 2-3 irAEs, restarting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy may be considered when symptoms subside to grade 0-1. When restarting ICIs therapy, it is often recommended to use different types of ICIs. For grade 4 irAEs, permanent discontinuation of the medication is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correlation between the neuroendocrine axis, microbial species, inflammatory response, and gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome. 肠易激综合征的神经内分泌轴、微生物种类、炎症反应和胃肠道症状之间的相关性。
IF 4.3 3区 医学
World Journal of Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i35.3985
Xin Zhang, Wei-Wei Jin, Hong-Gang Wang
{"title":"Correlation between the neuroendocrine axis, microbial species, inflammatory response, and gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome.","authors":"Xin Zhang, Wei-Wei Jin, Hong-Gang Wang","doi":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i35.3985","DOIUrl":"10.3748/wjg.v30.i35.3985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examines the complex relationships among the neuroendocrine axis, gut microbiome, inflammatory responses, and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of IBS and suggest potential therapeutic targets for improving patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the interactions between the neuroendocrine axis, gut microbiome, inflammation, and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with IBS between January 2022 and January 2023 were selected for the study. Healthy individuals undergoing routine check-ups during the same period served as the control group. Data were collected on neuroendocrine hormone levels, gut microbiome profiles, inflammatory biomarkers, and gastrointestinal symptomatology to analyze their interrelations and their potential roles in IBS pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IBS patients exhibited significant dysregulation of the neuroendocrine axis, with altered levels of cortisol, serotonin, and neuropeptides compared to healthy controls. The gut microbiome of IBS patients showed reduced diversity and specific alterations in bacterial genera, including <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, and <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, which were associated with neuroendocrine disturbances. Additionally, elevated levels of inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, were observed and correlated with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that targeting the neuroendocrine axis, gut microbiome, and inflammatory pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life in IBS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23778,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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