World journal of stem cells最新文献

{"title":"Priming mesenchymal stem cells to develop \"super stem cells\".","authors":"Khawaja Husnain Haider","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i6.623","DOIUrl":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i6.623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The stem cell pre-treatment approaches at cellular and sub-cellular levels encompass physical manipulation of stem cells to growth factor treatment, genetic manipulation, and chemical and pharmacological treatment, each strategy having advantages and limitations. Most of these pre-treatment protocols are non-combinative. This editorial is a continuum of Li <i>et al</i>'s published article and Wan <i>et al</i>'s editorial focusing on the significance of pre-treatment strategies to enhance their stemness, immunoregulatory, and immunosuppressive properties. They have elaborated on the intricacies of the combinative pre-treatment protocol using pro-inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia. Applying a well-defined multi-pronged combinatorial strategy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), pre-treatment based on the mechanistic understanding is expected to develop \"Super MSCs\", which will create a transformative shift in MSC-based therapies in clinical settings, potentially revolutionizing the field. Once optimized, the standardized protocols may be used with slight modifications to pre-treat different stem cells to develop \"super stem cells\" with augmented stemness, functionality, and reparability for diverse clinical applications with better outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RPLP0/TBP are the most stable reference genes for human dental pulp stem cells under osteogenic differentiation.","authors":"Daniel B Ferreira, Leticia M Gasparoni, Cristiane F Bronzeri, Katiucia B S Paiva","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i6.656","DOIUrl":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i6.656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Validation of the reference gene (RG) stability during experimental analyses is essential for correct quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) data normalisation. Commonly, in an unreliable way, several studies use genes involved in essential cellular functions [glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), 18S rRNA, and β-actin] without paying attention to whether they are suitable for such experimental conditions or the reason for choosing such genes. Furthermore, such studies use only one gene when Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments guidelines recommend two or more genes. It impacts the credibility of these studies and causes distortions in the gene expression findings. For tissue engineering, the accuracy of gene expression drives the best experimental or therapeutical approaches.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To verify the most stable RG during osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) by RT-qPCR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We cultivated DPSCs under two conditions: Undifferentiated and osteogenic differentiation, both for 35 d. We evaluated the gene expression of 10 candidates for RGs [ribosomal protein, large, P0 (<i>RPLP0</i>), TATA-binding protein (<i>TBP</i>), <i>GAPDH</i>, actin beta (<i>ACTB</i>), tubulin (<i>TUB</i>), aminolevulinic acid synthase 1 (<i>ALAS1</i>), tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, zeta (<i>YWHAZ</i>), eukaryotic translational elongation factor 1 alpha (<i>EF1a</i>), succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein (<i>SDHA</i>), and beta-2-microglobulin (<i>B2M</i>)] every 7 d (1, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 d) by RT-qPCR. The data were analysed by the four main algorithms, ΔCt method, geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper and ranked by the RefFinder method. We subdivided the samples into eight subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the data sets from clonogenic and osteogenic samples were analysed using the RefFinder algorithm. The final ranking showed RPLP0/TBP as the two most stable RGs and TUB/B2M as the two least stable RGs. Either the ΔCt method or NormFinder analysis showed TBP/RPLP0 as the two most stable genes. However, geNorm analysis showed RPLP0/EF1α in the first place. These algorithms' two least stable RGs were B2M/GAPDH. For BestKeeper, ALAS1 was ranked as the most stable RG, and SDHA as the least stable RG. The pair RPLP0/TBP was detected in most subgroups as the most stable RGs, following the RefFinfer ranking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For the first time, we show that RPLP0/TBP are the most stable RGs, whereas TUB/B2M are unstable RGs for long-term osteogenic differentiation of human DPSCs in traditional monolayers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deer antler stem cell niche: An interesting perspective","authors":"Claudia Cavallini, Elena Olivi, Riccardo Tassinari, C. Zannini, Gregorio Ragazzini, Martina Marcuzzi, Valentina Taglioli, Carlo Ventura","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.479","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there has been considerable exploration into methods aimed at enhancing the regenerative capacity of transplanted and/or tissue-resident cells. Biomaterials, in particular, have garnered significant interest for their potential to serve as natural scaffolds for cells. In this editorial, we provide commentary on the study by Wang et al , in a recently published issue of World J Stem Cells , which investigates the use of a decellularized xenogeneic extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from antler stem cells for repairing osteochondral defects in rat knee joints. Our focus lies specifically on the crucial role of biological scaffolds as a strategy for augmenting stem cell potential and regenerative capabilities, thanks to the establishment of a favorable microenvironment (niche). Stem cell differentiation heavily depends on exposure to intrinsic properties of the ECM, including its chemical and protein composition, as well as the mechanical forces it can generate. Collectively, these physicochemical cues contribute to a bio-instructive signaling environment that offers tissue-specific guidance for achieving effective repair and regeneration. The interest in mechanobiology, often conceptualized as a form of “structural memory”, is steadily gaining more validation and momentum, especially in light of findings such as these.","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of interleukin-10 treated macrophages on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway","authors":"Meng-Hao Lyu, Ce Bian, Yiping Dou, Kang Gao, Jun-Ji Xu, Pan Ma","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.560","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Alveolar bone defects caused by inflammation are an urgent issue in oral implant surgery that must be solved. Regulating the various phenotypes of macrophages to enhance the inflammatory environment can significantly affect the progression of diseases and tissue engineering repair process.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To assess the influence of interleukin-10 (IL-10) on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) following their interaction with macrophages in an inflammatory environment.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 IL-10 modulates the differentiation of peritoneal macrophages in Wistar rats in an inflammatory environment. In this study, we investigated its impact on the proliferation, migration, and osteogenesis of BMSCs. The expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and its activated form, phosphorylated-STAT3, were examined in IL-10-stimulated macrophages. Subsequently, a specific STAT3 signaling inhibitor was used to impede STAT3 signal activation to further investigate the role of STAT3 signaling.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 IL-10-stimulated macrophages underwent polarization to the M2 type through substitution, and these M2 macrophages actively facilitated the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Mechanistically, STAT3 signaling plays a crucial role in the process by which IL-10 influences macrophages. Specifically, IL-10 stimulated the activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway and reduced the macrophage inflammatory response, as evidenced by its diminished impact on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Stimulating macrophages with IL-10 proved effective in improving the inflammatory environment and promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The IL-10/STAT3 signaling pathway has emerged as a key regulator in the macrophage-mediated control of BMSCs’ osteogenic differentiation.","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal stem cells’ “garbage bags” at work: Treating radial nerve injury with mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes","authors":"Mazhar Mushtaq, D. Zineldeen, Muhammad Abdul Mateen, K. Haider","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.467","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike central nervous system injuries, peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are often characterized by more or less successful axonal regeneration. However, structural and functional recovery is a senile process involving multifaceted cellular and molecular processes. The contemporary treatment options are limited, with surgical intervention as the gold-standard method; however, each treatment option has its associated limitations, especially when the injury is severe with a large gap. Recent advancements in cell-based therapy and cell-free therapy approaches using stem cell-derived soluble and insoluble components of the cell secretome are fast-emerging therapeutic approaches to treating acute and chronic PNI. The recent pilot study is a leap forward in the field, which is expected to pave the way for more enormous, systematic, and well-designed clinical trials to assess the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a bio-drug either alone or as part of a combinatorial approach, in an attempt synergize the best of novel treatment approaches to address the complexity of the neural repair and regeneration.","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of urine-derived stem cells in renal regeneration following acute kidney injury: A comparative analysis with mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Fang Li, Bin Zhao, Lei Zhang, Guo-Qing Chen, Li Zhu, Xiao-Ling Feng, Meng-Jia Gong, Cheng-Chen Hu, Yuan-Yuan Zhang, Ming Li, Yong-Qiang Liu","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.525","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality rates. The use of pluripotent stem cells holds great promise for the treatment of AKI. Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are a novel and versatile cell source in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine that provide advantages of a noninvasive, simple, and low-cost approach and are induced with high multidifferentiation potential. Whether these cells could serve as a potential stem cell source for the treatment of AKI has not been determined.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To investigate whether USCs can serve as a potential stem cell source to improve renal function and histological structure after experimental AKI.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 Stem cell markers with multidifferentiation potential were isolated from human amniotic fluid. AKI severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice models were induced by means of an intramuscular injection with glycerol. USCs isolated from human-voided urine were administered via tail veins. The functional changes in the kidney were assessed by the levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. The histologic changes were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and transferase dUTP nick-end labeling staining. Meanwhile, we compared the regenerative potential of USCs with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Treatment with USCs significantly alleviated histological destruction and functional decline. The renal function was rapidly restored after intravenous injection of 5 × 105 human USCs into SCID mice with glycerol-induced AKI compared with injection of saline. Results from secretion assays conducted in vitro demonstrated that both stem cell varieties released a wide array of cytokines and growth factors. This suggests that a mixture of various mediators closely interacts with their biochemical functions. Two types of stem cells showed enhanced tubular cell proliferation and decreased tubular cell apoptosis, although USC treatment was not more effective than MSC treatment. We found that USC therapy significantly improved renal function and histological damage, inhibited inflammation and apoptosis processes in the kidney, and promoted tubular epithelial proliferation.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Our study demonstrated the potential of USCs for the treatment of AKI, representing a new clinical therapeutic strategy.","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac differentiation is modulated by anti-apoptotic signals in murine embryonic stem cells","authors":"Amani Yehya, Joseph Azar, Mohamad Al-Fares, Helene Boeuf, Wassim Abou-Kheir, Dana Zeineddine, Ola Hadadeh","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.551","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) serve as a crucial ex vivo model, representing epiblast cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage embryos. ESCs exhibit a unique combination of self-renewal potency, unlimited proliferation, and pluripotency. The latter is evident by the ability of the isolated cells to differentiate spontaneously into multiple cell lineages, representing the three primary embryonic germ layers. Multiple regulatory networks guide ESCs, directing their self-renewal and lineage-specific differentiation. Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, emerges as a key event involved in sculpting and forming various organs and structures ensuring proper embryonic development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic interplay between differentiation and apoptosis remain poorly understood.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To investigate the regulatory impact of apoptosis on the early differentiation of ESCs into cardiac cells, using mouse ESC (mESC) models - mESC-B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), mESC-PIM-2, and mESC-metallothionein-1 (MET-1) - which overexpress the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2 , Pim-2 , and Met-1 , respectively.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 mESC-T2 (wild-type), mESC-BCL-2, mESC-PIM-2, and mESC-MET-1 have been used to assess the effect of potentiated apoptotic signals on cardiac differentiation. The hanging drop method was adopted to generate embryoid bodies (EBs) and induce terminal differentiation of mESCs. The size of the generated EBs was measured in each condition compared to the wild type. At the functional level, the percentage of cardiac differentiation was measured by calculating the number of beating cardiomyocytes in the manipulated mESCs compared to the control. At the molecular level, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the mRNA expression of three cardiac markers: Troponin T, GATA4, and NKX2.5. Additionally, troponin T protein expression was evaluated through immunofluorescence and western blot assays.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Our findings showed that the upregulation of Bcl-2 , Pim-2 , and Met-1 genes led to a reduction in the size of the EBs derived from the manipulated mESCs, in comparison with their wild-type counterpart. Additionally, a decrease in the count of beating cardiomyocytes among differentiated cells was observed. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of three cardiac markers - troponin T, GATA4, and NKX2.5 - was diminished in mESCs overexpressing the three anti-apoptotic genes compared to the control cell line. Moreover, the overexpression of the anti-apoptotic genes resulted in a reduction in troponin T protein expression.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Our findings revealed that the upregulation of Bcl-2 , Pim-2 , and Met-1 genes altered cardiac differentiation, providing insight into the intricate interplay between apoptosis and ESC fate determination.","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on hematopoietic stem cells in treating aplastic anemia in mice via MAPK pathway","authors":"Jin-Bo Wang, Ming-Wei Du, Yan Zheng","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.591","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Aplastic anemia (AA) presents a significant clinical challenge as a life-threatening condition due to failure to produce essential blood cells, with the current therapeutic options being notably limited.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To assess the therapeutic potential of ginsenoside Rg1 on AA, specifically its protective effects, while elucidating the mechanism at play.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 We employed a model of myelosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) in C57 mice, followed by administration of ginsenoside Rg1 over 13 d. The investigation included examining the bone marrow, thymus and spleen for pathological changes via hematoxylin-eosin staining. Moreover, orbital blood of mice was collected for blood routine examinations. Flow cytometry was employed to identify the impact of ginsenoside Rg1 on cell apoptosis and cycle in the bone marrow of AA mice. Additionally, the study further evaluated cytokine levels with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed the expression of key proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway via western blot.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Administration of CTX led to significant damage to the bone marrow’s structural integrity and a reduction in hematopoietic cells, establishing a model of AA. Ginsenoside Rg1 successfully reversed hematopoietic dysfunction in AA mice. In comparison to the AA group, ginsenoside Rg1 provided relief by reducing the induction of cell apoptosis and inflammation factors caused by CTX. Furthermore, it helped alleviate the blockade in the cell cycle. Treatment with ginsenoside Rg1 significantly alleviated myelosuppression in mice by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 This study suggested that ginsenoside Rg1 addresses AA by alleviating myelosuppression, primarily through modulating the MAPK signaling pathway, which paves the way for a novel therapeutic strategy in treating AA, highlighting the potential of ginsenoside Rg1 as a beneficial intervention.","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinomenine increases osteogenesis in mice with ovariectomy-induced bone loss by modulating autophagy","authors":"Hai-Xiang Xiao, Lei Yu, Yu Xia, Kai Chen, Wen-Ming Li, Gao-Ran Ge, Wei Zhang, Qing Zhang, Hong-Tao Zhang, De-Chun Geng","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.486","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 A decreased autophagic capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) has been suggested to be an important cause of decreased osteogenic differentiation. A pharmacological increase in autophagy of BMSCs is a potential therapeutic option to increase osteoblast viability and ameliorate osteoporosis.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To explore the effects of sinomenine (SIN) on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the underlying mechanisms.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 For in vitro experiments, BMSCs were extracted from sham-treated mice and ovariectomized mice, and the levels of autophagy markers and osteogenic differentiation were examined after treatment with the appropriate concentrations of SIN and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. In vivo , the therapeutic effect of SIN was verified by establishing an ovariectomy-induced mouse model and by morphological and histological assays of the mouse femur.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 SIN reduced the levels of AKT and mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, inhibited mTOR activity, and increased autophagy ability of BMSCs, thereby promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and effectively alleviating bone loss in ovariectomized mice in vivo .\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 The Chinese medicine SIN has potential for the treatment of various types of osteoporosis, bone homeostasis disorders, and autophagy-related diseases.","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel loaded with bone marrow stromal cell-derived exosomes promotes bone regeneration by inhibiting inflammatory responses and angiogenesis","authors":"Shuai Zhang, Chuan Lu, Sheng Zheng, Guang Hong","doi":"10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.499","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Bone healing is a complex process involving early inflammatory immune regulation, angiogenesis, osteogenic differentiation, and biomineralization. Fracture repair poses challenges for orthopedic surgeons, necessitating the search for efficient healing methods.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To investigate the underlying mechanism by which hydrogel-loaded exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) facilitate the process of fracture healing.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 Hydrogels and loaded BMSC-derived exosome (BMSC-exo) gels were characterized to validate their properties. In vitro evaluations were conducted to assess the impact of hydrogels on various stages of the healing process. Hydrogels could recruit macrophages and inhibit inflammatory responses, enhance of human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenesis, and promote the osteogenic differentiation of primary cranial osteoblasts. Furthermore, the effect of hydrogel on fracture healing was confirmed using a mouse fracture model.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 The hydrogel effectively attenuated the inflammatory response during the initial repair stage and subsequently facilitated vascular migration, promoted the formation of large vessels, and enabled functional vascularization during bone repair. These effects were further validated in fracture models.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 We successfully fabricated a hydrogel loaded with BMSC-exo that modulates macrophage polarization and angiogenesis to influence bone regeneration.","PeriodicalId":23775,"journal":{"name":"World journal of stem cells","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}