Microvesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells: A promising therapeutic strategy for acute respiratory distress syndrome-related pulmonary fibrosis?

Abstract

Pulmonary fibrosis significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), markedly increasing patient mortality. Despite the established anti-fibrotic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), numerous challenges hinder their clinical application. A recent study demonstrated that microvesicles (MVs) from MSCs (MSC-MVs) could attenuate ARDS-related pulmonary fibrosis and enhance lung function via hepatocyte growth factor mRNA transcription. This discovery presents a promising strategy for managing ARDS-associated pulmonary fibrosis. This article initially examines the safety and efficacy of MSCs from both basic science and clinical perspectives, subsequently exploring the potential and obstacles of employing MSC-MVs as a novel therapeutic approach. Additionally, it provides perspectives on future research into the application of MSC-MVs in ARDS-associated pulmonary fibrosis.