IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges最新文献

{"title":"Comparing cable-supported to archstructures footbridges across historic sites","authors":"P. van Bogaert, Gilles Van Staen, H. De Backer","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.0920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0920","url":null,"abstract":"Three arch-type as well as 3 cable supported alternatives have been developed for footbridges above historic sites. The two categories of arches and cable supported structures exhibit a completely different behaviour, since the latter are more flexible. The first cable variant is a straight intersection of variable width. In comparison with an arch, it is striking that the deformability is much greater the fundamental frequencies being significantly lower. However, the characteristic values for dynamics, such as the Scruton number and the accelerations of the bridge deck are significantly better. To span the site of 200 m in length, pylons of 46.7 m in height are needed. As a second alternative, a semi-circular suspension footbridge of variable height has been developed. Direct comparison with an arch counterpart is not evident. However, it could be deduced that this structure has a fairly high frequency and is also not sensitive to the important types of vibration. A full elevated walkway around a circular site can certainly be compared to its arch-shaped counterpart. Despite the lower fundamental frequency, the higher flexibility and the increased consumption of steel, the cable-supported structure performs better as for its dynamic behaviour.","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116749706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Independent Engineer in the Design and Construction of Long Span Bridges in Canada","authors":"S. Albhaisi","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.1017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.1017","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the role of Independent Engineer (IE) in the design and construction of the newly constructed New Bridge over the Saint Lawrence (NBSL) River, also known as the New Champlain Bridge, in Montreal, Canada. The $3.2B Public-Private Partnership (P3) project includes a 2.1 mile long new bridge with a 790-foot cable-stayed main span. It also includes 19 bridge overpasses, and more than 3 miles of highway improvements. The new bridge has two three-lane corridors for vehicular traffic and a two-lane light rail transit system, as well as a multi-use path for pedestrians and cyclists. This new bridge has a 125-year design life and was open to highway traffic in both directions on July 1, 2019. The construction is ongoing on the bridge to install the light rail transit system which is expected to open in the spring of 2023. Various monitoring mechanisms have been set out to ensure that the Private Partner delivers the project in compliance with stipulated performance criteria. The Stantec and Ramboll team was selected by the Private Partner and the Government of Canada to be the Independent Engineer, whose mandate involves, examining, at various stages, the design documents, supervision plans and the management and quality control system provided by the Private Partner (PP), performing design reviews at various stages of the design, monitoring all work for the purpose of compliance with the Project Agreement (PA), and issuing certification of the completion of the work at Substantial and Final completion stages","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115111080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven operation and maintenance of the Normandy and Tancarville long-span bridges","authors":"Andrew Mountjoy, R. Percy, Isaac Farreras Alcover, Adrien Boyez, Jean-Bernard Datry, Tancrède de Folleville, E. Combescure, Aymeric Perret du Cray","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.0727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0727","url":null,"abstract":"With main spans of 608m and 856m respectively, Pont de Tancarville and Pont de Normandie are the longest suspension and cable-stayed bridges in France. Both bridges are managed by CCI Seine Estuaire, with a concession granted until 2031. Pont de Tancarville was opened to traffic in 1959 at which time it was the longest suspended bridge in Europe. The composite deck comprises a Robinson slab with stiffening truss girders. The main suspension cables and hangers were replaced in 1999 after the failure of 1 out of 120 strands was discovered. Pont de Normandie was built in the late 1990s, to enhance the connection between the Le Havre, the second largest French harbour, and the western coastal area. Opened in 1995, it was once the world longest cable stayed bridge and drove a technological leap in bridge construction.COWI and Setec tpi are currently assisting CCI with investigative and diagnostic activities on the two bridges, focusing on suspension systems, articulation, and the concrete structures. This work makes use of extensive, but targeted, structural health monitoring combined with an understanding of the structural systems to investigate the performance of key structural elements. The present paper describes the main activities being undertaken to enable CCI to plan corrective and preventive measures to extend the design lives of the structures and to ensure a safe passage for the users of both bridges.","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115508694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time History Analysis of Simple Supported Steel Concrete Beam Regarding Creep Phenomena, using Volterra Integral Equations","authors":"K. Kazakov, D. Partov, Ch. Stoyanov, L. Georgiev","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.0583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0583","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a precise analysis of the stress-strain behavior due to creep in statically determinate composite steel-concrete beam according to numerical method in comparison with EM method of Dischinger, take into account in EC4. The analysis is based on the results obtained by numerical solution with Volterra integral equations, derived for determining the redistribution of stresses in beam section between concrete plate and steel beam with respect to time “t”. The creep law of concrete, according EC2 provisions is used. On the basis of the theory of the visco-elastic body of Arutyunian–Trost-Bažant it is analyzed the migration of stresses from concrete plate to steel beam using two independent Volterra integral equations of the second kind. The duration of the course of study was adopted 100 years. Developed method will allow soon be confronted methods for calculating the composite beams according to EC4 considering rheology of concrete, based on the reduced elastic modulus of concrete.","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"351 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123228960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterministic and probabilistic approaches for aeroelastic design optimization of long-span bridges","authors":"S. Hernández, J. Á. Jurado, A. Baldomir, M. Cid Montoya, I. Kusano","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.0159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0159","url":null,"abstract":"The last decades have witnessed the construction of a number of long span bridges. Suspension bridges have reached main spans of more than 2000 m and cable stayed bridges of more than 1100 m. In addition to that, more challenging proposals are under steady. The main difficulty for these structures is to undergo the effects of earthquakes or aeroelastic phenomena and this paper is devoted to the latter class of loads, generated by wind flow. Giving the social relevance and cost of these constructions it is very important to use during the design the best technologies and numerical optimization methods are a powerful design tool. They have been applied since many years ago in other fields as aircraft or mechanical engineering but the idea of design optimization of long span bridges considering aeroelastic constraints is very recent. The optimization problem can be formulated as deterministic,-that means that all mechanical bridge properties and also the values assigned to loads, including wind related excitations, have fixed values-, or as probabilistic, which means that a level or uncertainty is included in the formulation, given the random nature of wind speed and the possible inaccuracies in the definition of bridge properties. This paper describes the formulations of aero-structural optimization of long span bridges considering flutter in both deterministic and probabilistic approaches. A long span cable stayed bridge and two suspension bridges, the Great Belt and the Messina bridges, are used as application examples of this methodology of design.","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123469504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The expansion joints of the 1915Çanakkale Bridge","authors":"Luca Paroli, Rainer Roos","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.0344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0344","url":null,"abstract":"The recently opened 1915Çanakkale bridge 300 km south-east of Istanbul has a main span of over two kilometres and a total length of 4,608 m.Based on the bridge kinematics, complex expansion joints at both main deck ends with movements of up to 2800 mm, low noise emission and highest durability were required.In addition, the approach bridges to the main bridge, which are seismically isolated, requested large transversal movements.So-called modular swivel joist expansion joints allow six degrees of freedom: displacements transverse, longitudinal and vertical to the direction of traffic as well as any kind of rotations can be compensated, to address the specific needs of a suspension bridge located in a highly seismic region. The expansion joint structure, consisting of bars supporting the lamellas, features a new low-friction, almost wear-free guiding system with a next generation of sliding material. This prevents restraints, provides a superior smoothly controlled movement mechanism, and increases the service life to at least 50 years.Particularly, an approved sliding material (modified UHMWPE, pre-loaded and equipped with greased dimples within the moving components, which has been successfully applied for two decades in the bridge bearings, grants proper function for a certified accumulated travel path of 50+ kilometres even combined with high seismic displacement velocities. A more precise prismatic guide mechanism was developed to achieve a permanent contact between all relevant sliding elements.In this way both the bridge bearings and the expansion joints systems can reach the same certified nominal life and durability while resisting major earthquakes without damage.The expansion joints were additionally equipped on their surface with welded rhombic steel plates to remarkably reduce the noise, increase the driving comfort and assure a durable anti-skid resistant across the overpassing surface. Also, welded instead of bolted applications within the construction enhance fatigue-proof and durable service lifetime of the applied expansion joints.The joints of the approach bridges were designed with special rhombic steel plates that allow also large transversal movements.","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124900431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial Bridge, Chile","authors":"J. Seguel, C. Quiroga, Matías A. Valenzuela","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.0887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0887","url":null,"abstract":"The Industrial Bridge above the Bio Bio river will become the largest road bridge with a transverse section of main beam and slab in Chile, with a length of 2.520 m in 56 spans, when it goes into service the year 2024. The conception and structural design was marked by the location and the reduce capacity of the soil (Soil type IV), due to flood events that are products of the widest river of Chile in one of the most seismic zone of the world. The present work shows the analysis made in the Industrial Bridge, where different studies were made to define the seismic parameters of the zone. This was made through a such as a deterministic and probabilistic for different conditions, which turned out as a result into a considerable increase of the seismic demand when compared to the demands of the Highway Manual code (Desgin code of Chile). For the final design, it was considered the used of and base isolator with energy dissipation, that was able to maintain the period of the bridge at 1.72 s but increased the damping 25% lowering the transfer of efforts from the superstructure to the infrastructure. The main elements of the structure ended up with an atypical characteristic for a beam bridge in Chile: prestressed girders of 45,00 m length and 2,50 m height and mechanical connectors for the longitudinal reinforcement, expansion joints with +/- 40 cm of transversal and longitudinal movement, and base isolator with energy dissipation bearings with a 25% of damping.","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"2 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123636025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic Capacity Model for Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes","authors":"A. Contento, A. Aloisio, Junqing Xue, G. Quaranta, P. Gardoni, B. Briseghella","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.0269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0269","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns are increasingly used around the world due to their significant structural and economic advantages. Although considerable research and several experimental tests have been carried out on CFST columns, there are no mechanics-based probabilistic models of their axial capacity. The present research proposes a mechanicsbased probabilistic capacity model for the assessment of the ultimate axial capacity of CFST columns. The accuracy of the numerical predictions obtained with the proposed formulation is compared with that of existing capacity equations already in use within technical standards or available in the literature.","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126294133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of a Multiple Super-long Span Suspension Bridge Crossing of the Irish Sea","authors":"I. Firth, C. Walker, Cameron Archer-Jones, Andrew Mountjoy","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.0811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0811","url":null,"abstract":"Constructing a 36km long bridge across the North Channel of the Irish Sea between Scotland and Northern Ireland in water up to 300m deep presents several substantial challenges. In March 2021, the authors were assigned the task of establishing whether such a crossing is feasible, as part of the UK Government's review of the connectivity between the four parts of the United Kingdom.The technical challenges are enormous and focus principally on constructing the substructures and foundations in very deep water, the main cable design and erection, the severe environmental conditions and many operational factors. The solutions that emerged from the high-level study included a suspension bridge carrying twin railway tracks and dual three-lane carriageways on a multiple steel box girder deck structure, with seven spans of 3750m supported on eight pylons rising to a height of nearly 550m above sea level. Similar concepts have been developed by COWI previously for the Gibraltar Strait Crossing and the Yemen-Djibouti Crossing, and this study was able to draw on lessons learnt from that earlier work.This paper describes the evolution of the preferred structural solution and focusses on the complex technical issues which set this project apart from any other long span bridge solution, including the deep water foundations and the design and construction of the main cables. It concludes with a discussion of the key risks and some lessons learnt for the design of such enormous structures in future.","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130204046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected methods of reducing the deck transverse vibrations in long-span steel footbridges – case studies","authors":"M. Pańtak","doi":"10.2749/istanbul.2023.0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2749/istanbul.2023.0401","url":null,"abstract":"Horizontal vibrations of the deck in lightweight long-span footbridges, especially those made of steel, with a low damping level may significantly reduce the comfort of use of the whole structure. The natural frequencies of such footbridges are very often in the range of 0.5 ÷ 1.0 Hz. This can lead to the excitation of resonant vibrations of these structures by walking people generating horizontal transverse forces characterised by a large amplitude of harmonic components corresponding to two frequencies 0.5fs and 3/2fs (where fs – frequency of steps during walking. The article presents examples of structural solutions used in long-span suspension footbridges built in Poland in order to reduce the horizontal transverse vibrations of the footbridge decks. The results of dynamic field tests and numerical calculations of two footbridges were presented and analysed. The obtained results indicate a positive effect of reducing the horizontal vibrations of the deck in both footbridges and changes in the frequencies and the mode shapes of the analysed footbridges caused by applied solutions.","PeriodicalId":237396,"journal":{"name":"IABSE Symposium, Istanbul 2023: Long Span Bridges","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127284080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}