VirusDisease最新文献_第2页

First molecular detection and genetic characterization of feline coronavirus from India. 印度猫冠状病毒的首次分子检测和遗传特征。

IF 1.3

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-21 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00962-0

R Vijayalakshmi, P Raja, M Parthiban, M Chandrasekar, V Naveenkumar, V Vinitha, Aswathy Nair, S Parthiban, G Dhinakar Raj

{"title":"First molecular detection and genetic characterization of feline coronavirus from India.","authors":"R Vijayalakshmi, P Raja, M Parthiban, M Chandrasekar, V Naveenkumar, V Vinitha, Aswathy Nair, S Parthiban, G Dhinakar Raj","doi":"10.1007/s13337-026-00962-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-026-00962-0","url":null,"abstract":"Feline coronavirus (FCoV), the etiological agent of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), represents a major clinical and economic challenge in feline populations worldwide. However, molecular prevalence and genetic diversity data from India remain limited, and the relatedness of circulating strains to vaccine isolates is poorly defined. In this study, 24 suspected feline cases from Chennai were screened by RT-PCR targeting a 698 bp fragment of the spike (S) gene, and FCoV was detected in 10 cats (41.7%), with a case fatality rate of 40%. Molecular characterization of a circulating FCoV strain (FCoV/ABT/MVC/2024/001) revealed 95.8-100% nucleotide identity with Asian and European isolates and 95.6% identity with canine coronavirus (CCoV). Key nucleotide substitutions (22,508, 22,549, 22,371, 23,105) and amino acid changes (I739T, R764K, N773D, S781K) suggested evolutionary relationships influencing spike protein folding, glycosylation, and immune recognition. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Indian strain clustered with field isolates from China, Japan, Thailand, Italy, Australia, and the USA, but was distinct from Japanese vaccine strains and CCoV, confirming species-specific divergence. B-cell epitope prediction identified nine major epitopes, with conserved regions at positions 58, 77-88, 134, 161-164, 166, and 190 as potential immunogenic targets. In contrast, notable antigenic variability was observed, including extended epitopes at 99-132 and substitutions at 139-147 and 168-173, indicating antigenic drift that may reduce vaccine cross-protection. This study provides the first molecular characterization of Indian FCoV, demonstrating genetic diversity and antigenic variation, and underscores the need for comparative genomics to inform surveillance and vaccine design.","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"37 2","pages":"168-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13518678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological study of Crimean- Congo haemorrhagic fever in Thi Qar (2023-2024): assessing the role of tick bites, household animals, slaughter and fresh meat exposure in disease transmission. Thi Qar克里米亚-刚果出血热流行病学研究（2023-2024年）：评估蜱叮咬、家养动物、屠宰和鲜肉接触在疾病传播中的作用

IF 1.3

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-23 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00968-8

Saja Abdalkadhum Hommod, Azhar Kareem Razzaq, Ali B Roomi

{"title":"Epidemiological study of Crimean- Congo haemorrhagic fever in Thi Qar (2023-2024): assessing the role of tick bites, household animals, slaughter and fresh meat exposure in disease transmission.","authors":"Saja Abdalkadhum Hommod, Azhar Kareem Razzaq, Ali B Roomi","doi":"10.1007/s13337-026-00968-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-026-00968-8","url":null,"abstract":"Crimean Congo haemorrhagic Fever remains a significant public health problem, especially in endemic areas, and is transmitted through Hyalomma ticks and direct contact with the blood or tissues of infected livestock. This study aimed to assess the association between household animals, tick bites, and contact with raw or fresh meat and the transmission of disease in Thi Qar Province, Iraq. A retrospective cross-sectional analytical study was conducted, including 806 suspected cases, of which 190 were positive for Crimean Congo haemorrhagic Fever (23.6%). Among the suspected cases, 70.5% were recorded in 2023 and 29.5% in 2024. Mean age was 39.1 ± 19.3years, and 60.4% were male and 39.6% were female. More than half of the participants lived in urban areas. Household animals, animal slaughtering, tick bites, and direct contact with uncooked or freshly slaughtered meat were strongly associated with infection, with p-values < 0.0001 for each. Informal or unsafe household slaughtering practices, especially those performed without adequate protective measures. Direct contact with raw and freshly slaughtered meat, contact with household animals, and tick bites are factors significantly associated with contracting the disease in Thi Qar, Iraq, during 2023-2024. The collective findings highlight the urgent need for preventive strategies, including comprehensive awareness campaigns to promote the use of personal protective equipment, education on safe animal slaughter and handling, and strengthening surveillance systems in endemic areas.","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"37 2","pages":"201-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13518648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing excellence in virology through molecular innovation, one health, scientific impact, and global preparedness against emerging viral threats. 通过分子创新、一种健康、科学影响和全球防范新出现的病毒威胁，推动病毒学的卓越发展。

IF 1.3

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00976-8

Shailendra K Saxena

引用次数: 0

Genetic characterization of highly immunogenic VP2 protein fragments of porcine parvovirus 1 and 3 field isolates. 猪细小病毒1和3株高免疫原性VP2蛋白片段的遗传特性

IF 1.3

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00949-x

Parminder Kaur, Kalpana Singh, Dipak Deka, Yashpal Singh Malik

{"title":"Genetic characterization of highly immunogenic VP2 protein fragments of porcine parvovirus 1 and 3 field isolates.","authors":"Parminder Kaur, Kalpana Singh, Dipak Deka, Yashpal Singh Malik","doi":"10.1007/s13337-026-00949-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-026-00949-x","url":null,"abstract":"In India, despite the documented presence of porcine parvoviruses (PPV1 and PPV3), only a limited number of studies reveal the genetic and evolutionary characteristics of PPV1, with no report on PPV3 genetic analysis. The VP2 protein, which plays a pivotal role as a critical antigenic domain and encodes the structural capsid protein of PPVs, serves as the focal point in this investigation. We delved into the genetic characterization of highly immunogenic VP2 gene fragments in 84 samples for PPV1 and PPV3 isolates, which were found to have a prevalence of 14.28% and 7.14%, respectively. However, 2.38% of the samples were found co-infected with PPV1 and PPV3 isolates. VP2 gene fragment from Indian PPV1 isolates had 96.38% to 98.55% sequence identity with known PPV1 isolates. On the other hand, VP2 gene fragments from Indian PPV3 isolates had 82.45% to 84.64% sequence identities with known PPV3 isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the immunogenic VP2 gene fragments of PPV3 isolates exhibited closer genetic relatedness with Asian isolates. VP2 gene fragments of Indian PPV1 and PPV3 isolates were found under positive selection pressure, which might have helped them in survival and prevalence. Further, predicted T-cell and B-cell epitope peptides in the VP2 protein fragments of PPV1 and PPV3 could help in multi-epitope-based diagnostics and vaccine development.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-026-00949-x.","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"37 1","pages":"46-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distribution of apple chlorotic leafspot virus and prunus necrotic ringspot virus in diverse stone fruit cultivars of North Western Himalayan region of India. 印度喜马拉雅西北部不同核果品种中苹果绿斑病病毒和李坏死环斑病毒的分布。

IF 1.3

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00957-x

Sumiah Wani, Dasari Meghanath, Aflaq Hamid, Sajad Un Nabi, Mehraj D Shah

{"title":"Distribution of apple chlorotic leafspot virus and prunus necrotic ringspot virus in diverse stone fruit cultivars of North Western Himalayan region of India.","authors":"Sumiah Wani, Dasari Meghanath, Aflaq Hamid, Sajad Un Nabi, Mehraj D Shah","doi":"10.1007/s13337-026-00957-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-026-00957-x","url":null,"abstract":"Apple chlorotic leafspot virus (ACLSV) and prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) are among the most prevalent and commercially significant viruses infecting stone fruits. This study aimed to identify and characterize ACLSV and PNRSV infecting major stone fruit crops in Jammu & Kashmir. Extensive field surveys were conducted during the spring seasons of 2020-2022 across different stone fruit growing areas of Kashmir valley. Leaf samples exhibiting symptoms suggestive of virus infection such as shot holes, necrotic spots, chlorotic spots, severe rugose mosaic etc. were collected, along with the corresponding healthy leaf samples from the same plants. These samples were tested serologically using commercially available DAS-ELISA kits and on the basis of OD405 (optical density) values, plum samples exhibited the highest concentration of viral titer (1.986), while cherry samples had the lowest (1.002) for ACLSV and cherries had the highest PNRSV titer (0.486), while nectarine had the lowest (0.362). Further, molecular identification was done through RT-PCR assay using coat protein (CP) gene specific primers of ACLSV and PNRSV in order to re-verify ELISA results. Among the five major stone fruits, plum was found to be highly infected with ACLSV (45.0%) followed by cherry (37.5%), peach (32.5%), nectarine (27.5%), and apricot (22.5%). Overall, cherry showed the greatest PNRSV infection rate (64%), followed by plum (36%), nectarine (40%), peach (32.5%), and apricot (10%). As a result, this study confirmed stone fruit crops viz., peach, nectarine, plum, apricot and cherry from the temperate zone of J&K as natural hosts to ACLSV and PNRSV.","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"37 1","pages":"75-86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pre-treatment drug resistance surveillance among ART- Naive HIV-1 patients in Tunisia. 突尼斯抗逆转录病毒治疗初期HIV-1患者的治疗前耐药性监测。

IF 1.3

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00950-4

Ibtihel Smeti, Salma Mhalla, Ikbel Kooli, Yosr Kadri, Hajer Rhim, Ons Haddad, Amel Nabli, Nabil Abid, Mohamed Chakroun, Maha Mastouri

{"title":"Pre-treatment drug resistance surveillance among ART- Naive HIV-1 patients in Tunisia.","authors":"Ibtihel Smeti, Salma Mhalla, Ikbel Kooli, Yosr Kadri, Hajer Rhim, Ons Haddad, Amel Nabli, Nabil Abid, Mohamed Chakroun, Maha Mastouri","doi":"10.1007/s13337-026-00950-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-026-00950-4","url":null,"abstract":"Drug resistance to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a major factor in treatment failure. Resistance monitoring is recommended before initiating ART. However, in Tunisia, the pre-treatment resistance related data are missing. This study aimed to investigate the HIV-1 pre-treatment drug resistance in Tunisia. Viral RNAs were extracted from the plasma samples of 77 ART-naïve patients and used for the sequencing of Reverse Transcriptase (RT) and Protease (PR) regions. 12.9% of variants were shown to have at least one Surveillance Drug Resistance Mutations (SDRM) in RT/PR region. K103N is the most involved SDRM-inducing resistance to NNRTIs (efavirenz, nevirapine, and rilpivirine). In the PR gene, resistance was found in four samples on 46 and 85 codons, affecting the sensitivity for Atazanavir and Lopinavir drugs. The subtying revealed the predominance of the CRF02_AG, followed by the subtype B. This study provides the first baseline information for pre-treatment drug resistance surveillance of HIV-1 variants in Tunisia, which may impede patient management.","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"37 1","pages":"55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging evidences in the pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions for Zika virus infection. 寨卡病毒感染的发病机制和治疗干预的新证据。

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00953-1

Dhrubajyoti Sen, Ramnika Sharma, Anush Tomar, Sweta Bawari

{"title":"Emerging evidences in the pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions for Zika virus infection.","authors":"Dhrubajyoti Sen, Ramnika Sharma, Anush Tomar, Sweta Bawari","doi":"10.1007/s13337-026-00953-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-026-00953-1","url":null,"abstract":"Zika virus has been an important cause of neurovirulence in humans. It is a global health concern due to its association with the Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults and congenital birth defects in neonates. Despite its re-emergence in the outbreaks of 2015-16, there is no approved drug for the treatment of Zika virus infection till date making it a subject of immediate attention and intervention. Both recent and earlier efforts in drug repurposing and viral vaccine development seem to offer a favourable roadmap to mitigate Zika virus infections. Promising molecules under investigation commonly target viral proteins, protein precursors, and complexes, and interfere with host pathways involving cellular kinases, glucose transporter and NMDA receptors. Repositioned drug candidates like niclosamide, favipiravir, and chloroquine exhibit promising antiviral potential. In parallel, anti-ZIKV vaccines like VRC-ZKADNA090-00-VP, AGS-v, and mRNA-1325 have progressed to early-phases of clinical trials achieving acceptable safety and immunogenic profiles. CRISPR-Cas13b based genome editing have also been successfully demonstrated to cleave Zika virus ssRNA in infected cells. Present review elucidates the pathogenesis of Zika virus infection, and provides an in-depth overview of the current strategies and research aimed at targeting host and viral factors to avail successful therapeutic outcomes. Review also underscores the importance of safety evaluation of the developmental drugs in pregnancy owing to the strong association of ZIKV and fetal birth defects.Graphical abstract: ","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of chili leaf curl Vellanad virus with tomato leaf curl Joydebpur betasatellite in chili from Kerala, India. 印度喀拉拉邦辣椒卷叶病毒与番茄卷叶病毒的关系。

IF 1.3

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00954-0

Irfan Nizar, Sunil Kumar, Supriya Chakraborty

{"title":"Association of chili leaf curl Vellanad virus with tomato leaf curl Joydebpur betasatellite in chili from Kerala, India.","authors":"Irfan Nizar, Sunil Kumar, Supriya Chakraborty","doi":"10.1007/s13337-026-00954-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-026-00954-0","url":null,"abstract":"Plant viruses are major constraints to chili (Capsicum annuum L.) production, with chili leaf curl disease (ChiLCD) representing one of the most destructive viral diseases in South and Southeast Asia. ChiLCD is primarily caused by begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) and their associated betasatellites, whose evolution is strongly shaped by recombination and mixed infections. In this study, chili plants exhibiting typical leaf curl symptoms were collected from the Kottayam district of Kerala, India, and subjected to detailed molecular characterization. Rolling circle amplification (RCA), cloning, and sequencing revealed the presence of chili leaf curl Vellanad virus (ChiLCVeV) in association with tomato leaf curl Joydebpur betasatellite (ToLCJoB). Comprehensive sequence analysis confirmed conserved geminiviral features, while phylogenetic reconstruction validated the taxonomic placement of both components. Importantly, recombination analyses identified multiple recombinant regions in both ChiLCVeV and ToLCJoB, indicating independent and dynamic evolutionary histories of the helper virus and its associated satellite. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence of a natural association between ChiLCVeV and ToLCJoB, and demonstrates that recombination-driven evolution contributes to the emergence of novel begomovirus-betasatellite complexes infecting chili. These findings highlight the role of recombination in shaping begomovirus diversity and underscore the potential of such recombinant complexes to drive disease emergence and spread in chili-growing regions of India.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-026-00954-0.","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"37 1","pages":"87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of potato spindle tuber viroid from dahlia bulbs imported from Canada and its sequence characteristics. 加拿大进口大丽花鳞茎中马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒的检测及其序列特征。

IF 1.3

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00951-3

Kiyoaki Maeda, Masaki Asai, Takayuki Matsuura, Hironobu Yanagisawa

{"title":"Detection of potato spindle tuber viroid from dahlia bulbs imported from Canada and its sequence characteristics.","authors":"Kiyoaki Maeda, Masaki Asai, Takayuki Matsuura, Hironobu Yanagisawa","doi":"10.1007/s13337-026-00951-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-026-00951-3","url":null,"abstract":"Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd; genus Pospiviroid) was detected in dahlia (Dahlia sp.) bulbs imported from Canada during post-entry quarantine inspection. Complete genome sequencing identified three PSTVd variants, all of which were identical to variants previously reported from dahlias in Japan. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these PSTVd isolates clustered within a clade containing Japanese dahlia-derived PSTVd variants and were distinct from PSTVd variants previously isolated from potato in Canada. Comparative sequence analysis revealed that the identified variants shared nucleotide substitutions C42U, 63U64, and G201U that have been associated with mild pathogenicity. Tomato plants (cultivar Rutgers) inoculated with the Canadian dahlia-derived PSTVd isolates developed mild symptoms. Similarly, inoculated potato plants (cultivar Dansyakuimo) showed no obvious aboveground symptoms, whereas harvested tubers exhibited mild symptoms, including deformation and eye prominence. These findings provide evidence that PSTVd is present in dahlia tubers imported from Canada and suggest that the detected variants share a common origin with previously reported Japanese dahlia-derived PSTVd isolates.","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"37 1","pages":"94-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First report on the molecular detection and genetic characterisation of pigeon circovirus in Kerala, India. 印度喀拉拉邦鸽子圆环病毒分子检测和遗传特征的首次报告。

IF 1.3

VirusDisease Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-026-00948-y

P Santhanalakshmi, P M Priya, B K Mani, R Ambily, V Niranjana, S Pramod, R Anoopraj

{"title":"First report on the molecular detection and genetic characterisation of pigeon circovirus in Kerala, India.","authors":"P Santhanalakshmi, P M Priya, B K Mani, R Ambily, V Niranjana, S Pramod, R Anoopraj","doi":"10.1007/s13337-026-00948-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-026-00948-y","url":null,"abstract":"Pigeon circovirus (PiCV) is a significant immunosuppressive pathogen associated with Young Pigeon Disease Syndrome (YPDS), causing economic losses in pigeon farming. Although PiCV has been widely reported globally, molecular data from southern India are lacking. This study presents the first molecular detection and genetic characterisation of PiCV in pigeons from Kerala. A total of 75 clinical samples including tissues, cloacal swabs and feathers were collected from 27 pigeons showing YPDS-like symptoms. PCR targeting the capsid gene detected PiCV in four samples (5.3%), all from dead birds. Sensitivity analysis revealed that conventional PCR could reliably detect PiCV DNA at concentrations as low as 44 fg/µL, demonstrating diagnostic significance. Histopathological examination of positive tissues revealed lymphoid depletion, basophilic botryoid intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies and inflammatory infiltration, consistent with PiCV's immunosuppressive effects. Sequencing revealed high nucleotide identity among the four field samples (94.63-99.98%), with PiCV samples 2 and 3 nearly identical (99.98%). Comparative analysis with 35 GenBank reference sequences showed that samples 1 to 3 were most similar to a Taiwanese strain (KU593626.1) with 96.33-97.05% identity, while PiCV- 4 was closest to a Polish strain (KC691686.1) at 95.73% identity. Phylogenetic analysis showed all four positive samples from Kerala clustered with global PiCV strains with PiCV- 4 branching earlier, indicating greater genetic divergence among the four field samples. The genetic similarity between local and international strains suggests possible transboundary introduction via pigeon trade, racing or migration. These findings highlight the need for routine molecular surveillance, biosecurity measures and further research into PiCV epidemiology in India to mitigate disease impact in the growing pigeon sector.","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"37 1","pages":"38-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0