VirusDisease最新文献

{"title":"Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of porcine circovirus 2 from Kerala, India.","authors":"Shashank Somashekara, Chintu Ravishankar, Rajasekhar Ravindran, Anoopraj Rajappan, Sumod Kanjirakkuzhiyil, Arun Paravalappil Muraleedharan, Maneesh Kanjully Vadukoottayil, Aishwarya Janardhan, Koshy John","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00814-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-023-00814-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), the causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVADs), has a worldwide distribution, and is considered as one of the most important emerging viral pathogens of economic importance. In Kerala, a total of 62 tissue samples were collected during post mortem from pigs suspected to have died of PCV2 infection. The animals exhibited symptoms like respiratory illness, gradual wasting, rough hair coat, polypnoea, dyspnoea, pallor, diarrhoea, icterus, etc. PCV2 was detected in 36 (58.06%) samples by PCR. Phylogenetic analyses of complete ORF2, and complete genome sequences were carried out and genotypes 2d, 2 h and 2b were detected. The genotype predominant in Kerala was 2d. It was observed that genotypes 2 h and 2b have been recently introduced into North Kerala as it was not detected in the region prior to 2016. Close relationship of Kerala sequences with sequences from Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Mizoram were noticed in the phylogenetic tree and also at the amino acid level. A unique K243N mutation was observed in one of the samples. It was also noticed that the most variable amino acid position in ORF2 was 169 where the occurrence of three possible amino acids were observed. The results of the study indicate that multiple genotypes of PCV2 are prevalent in pigs in Kerala and that the percent positivity is higher than that recorded in the State previously.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-023-00814-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"34 2","pages":"331-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10317919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9807271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of bean common mosaic virus on seed germination and yield of cowpea (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> [L.] Walp.) breeding lines and characterisation of virus strains.","authors":"Kehinde Titilope Kareem, Olubusola Fehintola Oduwaye, Adedapo Olutola Adediji, Solomon Tayo Akinyosoye, Adedayo Johnson Adetumbi","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00812-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-023-00812-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study was conducted to characterise bean common mosaic virus strain Blackeye (BCMV-BICM) and determine the likelihood of seed transmission in cowpea breeding lines. F6 cowpea lines obtained from crosses between 'Ife-Brown' and 'IT-95 K-193-12' were planted at five locations in Southwest Nigeria for multilocational evaluation. Virus symptoms were observed on leaves of the breeding lines planted in Ibadan at eight weeks after planting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the presence of six viruses: BCMV-BICM, cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, cowpea mottle virus, southern bean mosaic virus and cowpea mild mottle virus. Seed transmission tests were carried out to determine virus transmission by seeds while growth and yield components of the cowpea lines were obtained. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were also used to characterise the BCMV-BICM isolates. The observed symptoms, leaf curling and mosaics, were typical of BCMV-BICM infection and ELISA results confirmed the presence of only BCMV-BICM. Line 'L-22-B' had the highest yield of 1653.9 kgha^-1 followed by 'L-43-A' (1072 kgha^-1). A non-significant relationship existed between the virus and germination parameters and similarly, the relationship between virus titres and yield parameters was not significant. Sequence analysis of the virus coat protein (CP) gene revealed the presence of three isolates with 96.87-97.47% nucleotide and 98.2-98.65% amino acid similarities and a 99.10-99.55% match with BCMV-BICM CP genes in GenBank. The deduced CP gene sequences showed unique changes at specific sites, while phylogenetic inferences revealed at least two separate origins for the isolates. Seed transmission is evident in all the cowpea breeding lines and 'L-22-B' and 'L-43-A' showed significant tolerance to BCMV-BICM. Thus, it is recommended that seeds from infected fields should not be used for further planting to prevent the introduction of viruses into new areas where their effect could be devastating in susceptible lines.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-023-00812-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"34 2","pages":"204-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10317912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9806787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and <i>in silico</i> characterization of banana bunchy top virus in West Bengal, India: relevance to global genetic diversity and population structure.","authors":"Swati Chakraborty, Subham Dutta, Mritunjoy Barman, Snigdha Samanta, Krishna Pada Sarkar, R Poorvasandhya, Jayanta Tarafdar","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00815-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-023-00815-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Banana bunchy top disease is one of the major prevailing virus diseases associated with banana cultivation, spreading rapidly within a small scale of time. Till date there are only few extensive reports of completely sequenced isolates in India. A study was conducted to detect BBTV infection across 12 districts in West Bengal (WB) where extensive prevalence of the disease was ascertained. In silico characterization of the six genome components were accomplished which showed 84.90-99.86% similarity with other BBTV isolates reported worldwide. The phylogenetic analysis based upon DNA R and DNA S suggested formation of monophyletic cluster of majority of the WB isolates and its close association with Tripura, Manipur, Australia and Africa isolates indicating diversion from geographical differentiation. Dynamics of evolutionary pattern such as genetic diversity including Tajima's D test and Fu Li's Fs test, average number of nucleotide differences (K), Polymorphic sites (S); Fst distance; Mismatch distribution plot; Haplotype network, and selection pressure were performed based upon geographical distribution of the virus. Population genetics analysis of both Pacific Indian Ocean group and South East Asian group of the global BBTV population revealed low nucleotide diversity, high haplotype diversity, high gene flow within the group, and negative or purifying selection constraint indicating recent population expansion. Hence, this study portrays Indian subcontinent as the possible hotspot for rapid demographic expansion from a small virus population size, contributing valuable addition to the currently available information on BBTV worldwide.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-023-00815-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"34 2","pages":"221-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10317949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9794393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding HIV-associated neurocognitive and neurodegenerative disorders (neuroAIDS): enroute to achieve the 95-95-95 target and sustainable development goal for HIV/AIDS response.","authors":"Shailendra K Saxena, Deepak Sharma, Swatantra Kumar, Bipin Puri","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00830-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-023-00830-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The world's sustained commitment to the HIV/AIDS response and to reaching the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of \"ending AIDS\" as a public health issue is indicated by the ambitious 95-95-95 targets for all relevant populations. Neurological conditions of AIDS (neuroAIDS) are the most significant and severe central nervous system complication associated with HIV infection in which viral antigens can enter in the brain by breaching the blood brain barrier and cause dementia, neuroinflammation and encephalopathy. The prevalence of neuroAIDS is 10-50% in people with advanced HIV disease, whereas 5-25% in people on ART. Currently, MRI, CT and other tools are used to diagnose the neuroAIDS/ HIV-associated dementia and antiretroviral therapy is widely used to treat the neuroAIDS. In spite of many advanced tools and pathogenesis of neuroAIDS, developing therapeutics remains a formidable challenge. Long acting cabotegravir type of therapeutics is an advanced stage of research which shows good results for the treatment of neuroAIDS. Therefore, here we are discussing the recent insights of the pathogenesis, possible therapeutics and current strategies and treatment to overcome the neuroAIDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"34 2","pages":"165-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10317939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9794390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the aetiology of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in infants reveals rotavirus, noroviruses and adenovirus prevalence and viral coinfections in Nsukka, Nigeria.","authors":"Vincent N Chigor, Paul E Chidebelu, Daniel C Digwo, Chinyere B Chigor, Aja U Nwagwu, Okwundu S Udeh, Chukwunonso I Oguonu, Marie-Esther U Dibua, Kata Farkas","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00821-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-023-00821-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A better understanding of the aetiology of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks in Southeast Nigeria would help safeguarding public health. This study screened stool samples collected from infants (children < 5 years of age) attending selected hospitals in Nsukka for human enteric viruses and evaluated the seasonality of AGE based on three-year records available at selected hospitals. A total of 120 stool samples (109 from diarrhoeal-patients and 11 from non-diarrhoeal patients, as control) collected during the AGE outbreaks of January - March 2019 and January-February 2020. The samples were analysed using an immunochromatographic lateral flow assay for differential qualitative detection of rotavirus (RoV), adenovirus (AdV), and norovirus genogroups I and II (NoVI, NoVII). Three-year (2017-2019) retrospective data on the cases of AGE reported at the hospitals were also collected and analysed. The overall prevalence of acute gastroenteritis was high (75.83%), with 13.19%representing viral co-infections. Rotavirus detection rate (69.17%) was higher than that for other viral agents (15.83%). Both mono- and mixed infections were observed for RoV, AdV and NoVII, whereas NoVI was detected only in co-infection cases. Analysis of risk factors showed that acute gastroenteritis was detected more often in infants of age ˂1 year (73.53%) than in those 1 ≤ 2 years (22.55%) or > 2 years (3.92%) in age. Gender and age were not associated with the cases of co-infections (<i>p</i>˂0.05). The seasonality data indicated one peak of the infection occurring in January 2017 which has decreased consecutively in the subsequent two years. These results demonstrate the prevalence and co-occurrence of enteric viruses in cases of infantile diarrhoea in Nsukka. Further molecular characterization of enteric virus strains, especially noroviruses, in this region would contribute significantly to global epidemiological data.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-023-00821-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":"34 2","pages":"297-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10317937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9800654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The high mutation rate at the D614G hotspot-furin cleavage site region increases the priming efficiency of the Spike protein by furin protease: analysis of Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 G614 variants obtained during the early COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Faris Muhammad Gazali,&nbsp;Nastiti Wijayanti,&nbsp;Mohamad Saifudin Hakim,&nbsp;Endah Supriyati,&nbsp;Eggi Arguni,&nbsp;Marselinus Edwin Widyanto Daniwijaya,&nbsp;Titik Nuryastuti,&nbsp;Matin Nuhamunada,&nbsp;Rahma Nabilla,&nbsp;Sofia Mubarika Haryana,&nbsp;Tri Wibawa","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00827-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-023-00827-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>D614G mutation plays a significant role in the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2. Identification of other mutations related to D614G mutation within the Spike protein is pivotal as they might contribute to the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2. This study aims to analyze the mutation rate of furin cleavage site (FCS) region of Indonesian origin SARS-CoV-2 and to predict the effect of mutation against Spike priming efficiency by furin. A total of 375 sequences of Indonesian isolates obtained during the early pandemic were used for mutation analysis. Mutation analysis includes mutation pattern, variability, frequency of mutation, amino acid conservation, and mutation rate. The effect of mutation against Spike priming efficiency by furin protease from eight sequences with mutation in the FCS region was analyzed by protein-protein docking. We showed that mutations related to the G614 variant were increasing through time, in contrast to the D614 variant. The FCS region at the position 675-692 contained the most variable (66.67%) as well as the highest mutation frequency (85.92%) and has been observed to be the hotspot mutations linked to the D614G mutation. The D614G hotspot-FCS region (residue 600-700) had the highest amino acid change per site (20.8%) as well as the highest mutation rate as 1.34 × 10^-2 substitution per site per year (95% CI 1.79 × 10^-3-2.74 × 10^-2), compared with other Spike protein regions. Mutations in the FCS region were the most common mutation found after the D614G mutation. These mutations were predicted to increase the Spike priming efficiency by furin. Thus, this study elucidates the importance of D614G mutation to other mutations located in the FCS region and their significance to Spike priming efficiency by furin.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-023-00827-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10231289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9708727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Monkeypox virus</i> is nature's wake-up call: a bird's-eye view.","authors":"Sanjit Boora,&nbsp;Suman Yadav,&nbsp;Kumari Soniya,&nbsp;Sulochana Kaushik,&nbsp;Jaya Parkash Yadav,&nbsp;Mihir Seth,&nbsp;Samander Kaushik","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00826-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-023-00826-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several infections have emerged in humans, domestic animals, wildlife, and plant populations, causing a severe problem for humanity. Since the discovery of the <i>Monkeypox virus</i> (Mpox) in 1958 in Copenhagen, Denmark, it has resurfaced several times, producing severe infections in humans and resulting in a significant fatality rate. Mpox is an <i>Orthopoxvirus</i> of the <i>Poxviridae</i> family. This family contains various medically important viruses. The natural reservoir of Mpox is unknown yet. Mpox might be carried by African rodents and nonhuman primates (such as monkeys). The role of monkeys has been confirmed by its various outbreaks. The infection may be transferred from unidentified wild animals to monkeys, who can then spread it to humans by crossing species barriers. In close contact, human-to-human transmission is also possible. Mpox outbreaks have been documented regularly in Central and Western Africa, but recently in 2022, it has spread to over one hundred-six countries. There is no specific treatment for it, although the smallpox vaccine, antivirals, and vaccinia immune globulin help in the effective management of Mpox. In conclusion: Monkeypox poses a severe threat to public health due to the lack of specific vaccinations and effective antivirals. Surveillance studies in affected regions can assist in the early diagnosis of disease and help to control significant outbreaks. The present review provides information on epidemiology, clinical symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, and preventive measures of Mpox.</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10214339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9708730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS CoV-2 spike protein variants exploit DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR receptor for evolution and severity: an in-silico insight.","authors":"Jyoti Gupta, Md Zubbair Malik, Maya Chaturvedi, Mohit Mishra, Surbhi Kriti Mishra, Abhinav Grover, Ashwini Kumar Ray, Rupesh Chaturvedi","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00820-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13337-023-00820-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is related with the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent spike protein variations have had an effect on the transmission of the virus. In addition to ACE-2, spike proteins can employ DC-SIGN and its analogous receptor, DC-SIGNR, for host evasion. Spike variations in the DC-SIGN interaction region and role of DC-SIGN in immune evasion have not been well defined. To understand the spike protein variations and their binding mode, phylogenetic analysis of the complete GISAID (Global Initiative for Sharing Avian Influenza Data) data of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was considered. In addition, an in silico knockout network evaluation of the SARS-CoV-2 single-cell transcriptome was conducted to determine the key role of DC-SIGN/R in immunological dysregulation. Within the DC-SIGN-interacting region of the SARS-CoV spike protein, the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 displayed remarkable similarity to the SARS-CoV spike protein. Surprisingly, the phylogenetic analysis revealed that the SARS-CoV-2's spike exhibited significantly diverse variants in the DC-SIGN interaction domain, which altered the frequency of these variants. The variation within the DC-SIGN-interacting domain of spike proteins affected the binding of a limited number of variants with DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR and affected their evolution. MMGBSA binding free energies evaluation differed for variants from those of the wild type, suggesting the influence of substitution mutations on the interaction pattern. In silico knockout network analysis of the single-cell transcriptome of Bronchoalveolar Lavage and peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed that SARS-CoV-2 altered DC-SIGN/R signaling. Early surveillance of diverse SARS-CoV-2 strains could preclude a worsening of the pandemic and facilitate the development of an optimum vaccine against variations. The spike Receptor Binding Domain genetic variants are thought to boost SARS CoV-2 immune evasion, resulting in its higher longevity.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-023-00820-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10206574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9708728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV pathogenesis, various types of vaccines, safety concern, prophylactic and therapeutic applications to control cervical cancer, and future perspective.","authors":"Sumel Ashique,&nbsp;Afzal Hussain,&nbsp;Neda Fatima,&nbsp;Mohammad A Altamimi","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00824-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-023-00824-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over 98% of cervical cancers (CC) are caused by regular infections with \"high risk\" genotype of the human papilloma virus (HPV). However, this is not always the causative factor. Therefore, production of HPV vaccinations represents a significant chance to minimize the risk of CC. Phase III studies for a number of preventative HPV vaccines based on L1-virus-like particle (VLPs) have just been completed and the preliminary results are very convincing. However, there are a lot of practical concerns that need to be resolved before the use of these vaccinations. These vaccines were challenged with obvious queries such as protection time, subject receiving vaccines, time of vaccination, and how to include them into ongoing screening programs. Although these vaccines were 90% effective at preventing HPV infection as these offered only modest advantages for the removal of pre-existing infections. New advancements in the creation of therapeutic vaccinations have been explored for further improvement and post-vaccination surveillance. Therapeutic vaccines attempted to boost cell-mediated immunities and these are detrimental to the infected cell as opposed to neutralizing antibodies (different from prophylactic vaccines).</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10208188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9708729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent mutations of Delta and Omicron variants: key players behind differential viral attributes across the COVID-19 waves.","authors":"Amrita Panja,&nbsp;Jayita Roy,&nbsp;Anup Mazumder,&nbsp;Sujata Maiti Choudhury","doi":"10.1007/s13337-023-00823-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-023-00823-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The third SARS-CoV-2 pandemic wave causing Omicron variant has comparatively higher replication rate and transmissibility than the second wave-causing Delta variant. The exact mechanism behind the differential properties of Delta and Omicron in respect to infectivity and virulence is not properly understood yet. This study reports the analysis of different mutations within the receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike glycoprotein and non-structural protein (nsp) of Delta and Omicron strains. We have used computational studies to evaluate the properties of Delta and Omicron variants in this work. Q498R, Q493R and S375F mutations of RBD showed better docking scores for Omicron compared to Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, whereas nsp3_L1266I with PARP15 (7OUX), nsp3_L1266I with PARP15 (7OUX), and nsp6_G107 with ISG15 (1Z2M) showed significantly higher docking score. The findings of the present study might be helpful to reveal the probable cause of relatively milder form of COVID-19 disease manifested by Omicron in comparison to Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 virus.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13337-023-00823-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":23708,"journal":{"name":"VirusDisease","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10171727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9708731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}