Veterinary and comparative oncology最新文献

{"title":"LOX and LOXL2 Expression in Canine Mammary Carcinomas.","authors":"Jessika Daniel, Ingrid Kester Lima Silva, Rosemeri de Oliveira Vasconcelos, Adilson Paulo Marchioni Cabral, Andrigo Barboza De Nardi, Juliano Rodrigues Sangalli, Ricardo De Francisco Strefezzi","doi":"10.1111/vco.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mammary tumours account for approximately 50% of the neoplasms in female dogs. Even conventionally accepted prognostic indicators often fail to reliably predict the clinical behaviour of these tumours, underscoring the need for more effective prognostic markers. Proteins of the LOX family are associated with tumour invasion and metastasis in several types of tumours. The purpose of this study was to characterise the immunohistochemical expression of LOX and LOXL2 in canine mammary carcinomas and to investigate their prognostic significance. Samples of mammary carcinomas from 80 female dogs with a minimum post-surgical follow-up of 180 days were analysed. Tumour samples were submitted to immunohistochemistry to detect LOX and LOXL2. Immunolabelling was evaluated based on scores for staining intensity and percentage of positive cells, and a combined score was used to classify each protein as having either 'low-' or 'high-expression'. The results were compared with histological types, mortality due to the disease and post-surgical survival. We found that negativity for LOXL2 expression was an indicator of higher risk of death due to the disease. Our results suggest that lysyl oxidases such as LOXL2 are potential prognostic markers in mammary carcinomas of dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"160-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145775708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Impact of CD206+ M2-Like Macrophages in Canine Appendicular Osteosarcoma.","authors":"Gabriel Chamel, Sara Belluco, Laura E Barrett, Franck Floch, David Sayag, Didier Lanore, Esther Piccirillo, Pauline Denoeux, Thomas Chavalle, Mathilde Lajoinie, Grégoire Bernardo-Marques, Anne-Charlotte Barrot, Ludovic Wolfrom, Romane Nicolas, Ingrid Bemelmans, Emmanuel Bouchaert, Alexandra Nicollier, Aurélie Dutour, Frédérique Ponce","doi":"10.1111/vco.70039","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A clear understanding of human and canine osteosarcoma (hOS and cOS) immunobiology is needed to develop effective immunotherapeutic strategies, a promising option to improve outcomes. Previous studies in humans and dogs have underscored the importance of the macrophagic infiltrate. Notably, high M2-like macrophage infiltration has been associated with increased metastatic progression-free survival in hOS treated with surgery and chemotherapy. Given the strong similarities between hOS and cOS, we hypothesized that tumour infiltration by M2-like macrophages would also be associated with an improved prognosis in dogs. Eighty-four dogs with a histological diagnosis of cOS were retrospectively selected from the database of five veterinary institutions and one pathology laboratory. Medical data and associated cOS samples were retrieved from electronic records and original pathology laboratories. Macrophage populations were identified by immunohistochemistry using anti-CD204 and anti-CD206 antibodies. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were performed to identify factors associated with overall survival time (OST) in dogs treated with surgery with (SOC) or without (SxOnly) adjuvant chemotherapy. In dogs treated surgically (SOC + SxOnly), only high CD206+ infiltrate was associated with longer OST in both univariate (p = 0.019) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.014). Within the SOC group, high CD206+ infiltrate (p = 0.006) and lower body weight (p = 0.029) were associated with better outcome in the univariate analysis while high CD206+ infiltrate (p = 0.003) and female sex (p = 0.044) were associated with a longer survival in the multivariate analysis. This observation underscores the role of M2-like macrophages in OS and strengthens the relevance of cOS as a model for hOS in the immunological field.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"186-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145864810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning-Based Risk Prediction for Feline Mammary Tumours: A Comprehensive Epidemiological Analysis Using Multi-Model Ensemble Approach.","authors":"Kübra Nur Çalı Özçelik, Salih Taha Alperen Özçelik, Sema Timurkaan","doi":"10.1111/vco.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline mammary tumours represent the third most common malignancy in cats, with limited evidence-based tools available for risk assessment and screening guidance. Traditional veterinary approaches rely on subjective clinical judgement, lacking quantitative risk stratification methods that could optimise preventive care delivery. To develop and validate the first comprehensive machine learning-based risk prediction system for feline mammary tumours, providing evidence-based clinical decision support for veterinary practice. We developed a comprehensive synthetic dataset of 4399 feline cases spanning 2002-2022, systematically calibrated against real-world epidemiological data from published literature. The synthetic data incorporated demographic, clinical, reproductive, and environmental variables that precisely replicated actual epidemiological relationships. Five machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, XGBoost, Neural Network, SVM, Logistic Regression) were trained and combined using soft voting ensemble methodology. Model performance was evaluated using area under the curve (AUC), calibration metrics, and clinical utility measures. The ensemble model achieved excellent discrimination capability (AUC = 0.888, 95% CI: 0.873-0.903) with 80.5% accuracy, 85.7% sensitivity, and 76.0% specificity. Risk stratification demonstrated clear clinical utility: low-risk cats (< 30% probability) had 12.4% tumour prevalence, while very high-risk cats (> 80% probability) showed 89.5% prevalence. The machine learning approach substantially outperformed traditional assessment methods, showing 64.8% improvement in discriminative ability and a 163% increase in net clinical benefit. This study establishes the first validated machine learning-based clinical decision support system for feline mammary tumour risk assessment. The risk stratification approach enables personalised screening recommendations while optimising resource allocation, potentially transforming preventive veterinary oncology practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"58-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Cytochemical and Flow Cytometry Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase for Differential Diagnosis of CD34+ Acute Leukaemia in Canines.","authors":"Megan Aalto, Janna Yoshimoto, Jillian Nolan, Kenzie Olsen, Dylan Ammons, Emily Rout, Anne C Avery, R Adam Harris","doi":"10.1111/vco.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymatic activity has been proposed as a marker for distinguishing canine acute leukaemia (AL) subtypes (i.e., myeloid vs. lymphoid). However, ALP enzymatic activity has not been fully evaluated in CD34+ AL. Determine whether ALP enzymatic activity can differentiate CD34+ AL subtypes in dogs and distinguish CD34+ AL from CD34- haematopoietic tumours in tissue/effusion samples. Peripheral blood from 64 dogs with CD34+ AL, 10 with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), and 10 healthy controls were prospectively evaluated for ALP enzymatic activity via cytochemical staining; a subset also underwent ALP detection by flow cytometry (FC). Archived cytology slides from 67 tissue/effusion specimens, including 27 CD34+ AL, 22 T cell lymphomas, and 18 B cell lymphomas, were retrospectively assessed. CD34+ AL cases were categorised as acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) or acute unclassifiable leukaemia (AUL) by established FC criteria. ALP positivity was defined as > 3% ALP+ neoplastic cells, which was selected based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Cytochemical ALP activity was detected in 61/64 (95.3%) CD34+ AL cases, with no significant differences between AML, ALL, and AUL subtypes (p > 0.05). All lymphoma and B cell CLL cases were ALP-negative. FC-based ALP analysis showed poor concordance with cytochemistry, and the correlation between %CD34 + ALP+ cells and %ALP+ neoplastic cells was weak (Spearman's ρ = 0.25). While ALP enzymatic activity is present in most CD34+ AL cases, it does not reliably differentiate CD34+ AL subtypes via cytochemistry. However, ALP may help distinguish CD34+ AL from B and T cell lymphomas. FC-based ALP analysis is not a reliable marker for CD34+ AL classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"41-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145368897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Response to Imatinib Mesylate and Toxicity Profile in 35 Dogs With Mast Cell Tumours.","authors":"Elisabetta Treggiari, Emanuela Catania, Paola Valenti","doi":"10.1111/vco.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are common in dogs. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and cytotoxic chemotherapy; however, in cases of inoperable or metastatic tumours, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can be used. Imatinib mesylate has been used in the treatment of solid tumours in both human and veterinary medicine. Previous studies have shown some efficacy in dogs with MCTs; however, additional data are needed to better define the optimal dosage, toxicity profile, and clinical outcomes associated with its use. Dogs with a cytological or histopathological diagnosis of mucosal, cutaneous or subcutaneous MCTs were included. Medical records from 2017 to 2024 were reviewed for clinical presentation, results of staging procedures, diagnostic tests, and treatment. Inclusion required the presence of macroscopic disease and administration of imatinib, either as a sole treatment or in combination with surgery. Thirty-five cases were included, all receiving medical treatment with or without surgical excision. Imatinib was administered as first-line treatment in 8 dogs (22.8%) and as a rescue treatment in 27 dogs (77.1%), achieving an overall clinical benefit, including complete response, partial response, and stable disease of 77%. Median progression-free survival was 37 days (range 13-770 days), while the overall median survival time (MST) was 270 days (range 83-1396 days). Following imatinib treatment, the MST was 105 days (range 22-1145 days). Gastrointestinal and haematological adverse events were recorded in 2 (5.7%) and 3 (8.6%) dogs, respectively, and were self-limiting. Imatinib treatment was generally well tolerated, with measurable clinical responses observed and only a limited spectrum of toxicities. Further studies are warranted to better characterise its safety and efficacy in dogs with MCTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Dose-Volume Thresholds and Survival in Dogs With Intracranial Tumours Treated With the 10 × 4 Gy Radiotherapy Schedule: A Combined Analysis of Two Trials.","authors":"Sergejs Unterkirhers, Valeria Sabina Meier, Carla Rohrer Bley","doi":"10.1111/vco.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dogs with intracranial tumours routinely receive radiotherapy, yet species-specific dose-volume constraints for normal brain tissue remain undefined. In human radiation oncology, exceeding certain brain dose-volume thresholds markedly increases the risk of radiation-induced injury (e.g., radionecrosis). Current veterinary practice often extrapolates human guidelines without validation in discrete species, creating a gap in evidence-based planning. This study aimed to identify brain dose-volume thresholds associated with overall survival (OS) in canine brain-tumour patients. We pooled data from two prospective randomised trials (n = 105 dogs) treated with 10 daily fractions of 4 Gy (total 40 Gy) for intracranial tumours at a single institution. Semi-automated scripting extracted multiple dose-volume metrics, including generalised equivalent uniform dose (gEUD), for the whole brain and brain minus gross tumour volume (Brain-GTV). An iterative Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards approach identified optimal dosimetric cutoffs, which were then adjusted for tumour volume and body weight via a regression residual method. A brain-volume-adjusted gEUD threshold was also derived to account for variation in brain size. Exposure to normal brain to doses around 30-40 Gy emerged as the strongest predictor of OS. Brain-GTV V32 Gy ≤ 13 cm³ was associated with longer OS (covariate-adjusted cutoff 13.4 cm³, HR = 1.74; p = 0.022, unadjusted optimal split 11.5 cm³, HR = 2.08; p = 0.001). Whole-brain gEUD > 30 Gy similarly predicted poorer survival (HR = 1.72; p = 0.034). Implementing a personalised gEUD ceiling increased 2-year sensitivity from 31% to 38% with only a three-point drop in specificity. In a 10 × 4 Gy canine intracranial radiotherapy model, limiting Brain-GTV V32 Gy to ≤ 13 cm³ and whole-brain gEUD to ≤ 30 Gy was associated with longer overall survival. A brain-volume-adjusted gEUD ceiling further refined risk prediction. These evidence-based thresholds provide actionable guidance for veterinary treatment planning, with the potential to improve outcomes in canine brain tumour therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145795011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating VEGFR2 as a Target for Anti-Tumour Therapy in Canine Melanoma.","authors":"Esther Hindriks, Wilhelmina Bergmann, Aitor Martínez Ruiz, Maurice M J M Zandvliet, Alice J A M Sijts, Femke Broere","doi":"10.1111/vco.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is a key target for anti-angiogenic oncotherapy, as inhibiting this receptor on tumour vasculature slows tumour development and enhances drug- and immune infiltration, improving therapy outcome. Although VEGFR2 is primarily expressed on endothelial cells (ECs), it is also found on neoplastic cells in both humans and dogs, including canine malignant melanoma (CMM). In this study, we compared current methods for assessing VEGFR2 expression in CMM and healthy tissues to elucidate the targets of anti-VEGFR2 therapy in canines. VEGFR2 protein expression was analysed using various anti-VEGFR2 antibodies for immunohistochemistry, and mRNA expression was analysed using RT-PCR. Surprisingly, a marked difference in the detection of VEGFR2 was observed between the anti-VEGFR2 antibody clones used, despite recognition of the same sequences. Supported by additional Western blot and confocal fluorescence microscopy analysis, we observed two distinct staining patterns: a specific pattern predominantly labelling ECs and a more nonspecific pattern predominantly labelling non-ECs, including neoplastic melanocytes. Notably, the more specific pattern demonstrated significantly more VEGFR2 expression in ECs within CMM. These findings indicate that the interpretation of VEGFR2 expression on neoplastic cells is highly dependent on antibody specificity, leading to potential overestimation in some studies. We therefore suggest that anti-VEGFR2 therapy primarily targets the tumour vasculature rather than the tumour cells. This highlights the need to reconsider the aims of anti-VEGFR2 therapies in companion animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"95-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarisation-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography for Surgical Margin Evaluation and Diagnosis of Excised Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Tumours.","authors":"Christina E Orona, Ryan Jennings, Julianna DiMichele, Gabrielle Fontes, Carley Johnson, Jorge Santana Mignucci, Nikesh Patel, Yi-Fan Shen, Hannah Weaver, Jocosa Yasenchack, Laura E Selmic","doi":"10.1111/vco.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intraoperative surgical margin evaluation is not routine in veterinary medicine. Polarisation-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) is a variant of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) that can provide real-time cross-sectional imaging of surgical margins with additional information about the polarisation of light in tissues. The aims of this study were (1) to compare PS-OCT surgical margin images to histopathology of excised canine skin and subcutaneous tumour specimens, and (2) to determine if the addition of PS-OCT images improved the diagnostic accuracy of surgical margin assessment. The authors hypothesised that PS-OCT image features would resemble histopathologic tissue features and the addition of PS-OCT images would improve the accuracy of margin assessment. Sixty-one dogs with 79 skin and subcutaneous tumours were prospectively enrolled. Tumours were excised, the surgical margins were imaged with OCT and then submitted for histopathology. Six masked readers first received image interpretation training in SD-OCT only, followed by training in combined SD-OCT and PS-OCT 1 week later. The readers interpreted each image or video for the presence of cancer and the results were compared to histopathology. PS-OCT imaging features of surgical margin tissues were consistent with tissue histopathologic features at low power. The overall reader median sensitivity and specificity were 90.9% and 95.6% for SD-OCT only and 90.9% and 91.3% for combined SD-OCT and PS-OCT. The addition of PS-OCT images did not improve the diagnostic accuracy of the surgical margin assessment for skin and subcutaneous tumours but resulted in high accuracy of margin interpretation with readers of varying experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"69-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145393620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue Proteomics of Feline Mammary Carcinoma: Differences in Protein Profiles Among Histological Grades Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.","authors":"Pruettha Aruvornlop, Sekkarin Ploypetch, Walasinee Sakcamduang, Sirintra Sirivisoot, Tanit Kasantikul, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Narumon Phaonakrop, Nlin Arya","doi":"10.1111/vco.70033","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mammary carcinomas are aggressive neoplasms and a significant cause of mortality in female cats. Despite surgical removal, feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) often recurs or metastasizes. Specific tumour biomarkers are necessary for early detection, prognosis and therapy selection. This study aims to identify candidate biomarkers for FMC by comparing tissue proteomic profiles among grades of 31 FMC cats and six normal mammary tissues (control) using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Candidate proteins identified by LC-MS/MS were validated by Western blotting and LC-MS/MS. Prognostic values of candidate proteins were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and survival analysis. Protein-chemotherapy drug interaction networks were also evaluated. Among the 268 differential proteins observed, dermatopontin (DPT) expression was significantly downregulated, while sorting nexin 5 (SNX5) expression was elevated in cancerous tissues compared to controls (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry results revealed a significant association of DPT and SNX5 with stages (DPT, p < 0.0001; SNX5, p = 0.046) and grades of FMC (DPT, p < 0.0001; SNX5, p = 0.04). Low DPT expression was associated with poor overall survival (p = 0.02), along with Stage 4 FMC (p = 0.0001), high mitotic count (p = 0.003) and the presence of lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.003). Moreover, protein-chemotherapy drug interaction showed a relationship of DPT with doxorubicin, lapatinib and neratinib. This study identified DPT and SNX5 as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for FMC, with DPT emerging as a promising prognostic biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"128-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145795093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Symmetric Dimethylarginine as a Predictor of Toxicity of Carboplatin in Dogs.","authors":"Alexandra Gareau, Mark G Papich, Brolin J Evans, Joanne L Intile","doi":"10.1111/vco.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vco.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) predicts carboplatin clearance and myelotoxicity in humans and cats. This relationship is unknown in dogs. In canines, elevated serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) correlates with reduced GFR. This study prospectively evaluated whether dogs with elevated SDMA (> 14 μg/dL) are at increased risk of hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicity following carboplatin chemotherapy. Plasma samples were collected to determine if SDMA or other factors are significant determinants of carboplatin pharmacokinetics. Thirty client-owned dogs weighing > 15 kg with confirmed neoplasia were enrolled. Dogs received carboplatin intravenously (300 mg/m²). SDMA was measured on the day of treatment. Nonlinear mixed effects modelling was done to identify possible covariates affecting pharmacokinetic parameters. Adverse effects were monitored with weekly complete blood counts and owner assessment forms. Five dogs had elevated SDMA; four had significantly reduced carboplatin clearance (mean 93.9, range 76.1-116.8 mL/h/kg) compared with dogs with SDMA ≤ 14 μg/dL (mean 185.4, range 114.3-268.3 mL/h/kg, p < 0.001). Three dogs with elevated SDMA experienced grade 4 neutropenia; one was euthanized due to sepsis. Two additional dogs with elevated SDMA were euthanized 5- and 13-days post treatment due to severe gastrointestinal signs. Twenty-five dogs had SDMA ≤ 14 μg/dL: 10 had asymptomatic grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, 3 had grade 3 or 4 GI toxicity, and none died. Elevated SDMA was associated with decreased carboplatin clearance in dogs and predicted risk for treatment-related toxicity and death in our study population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":"140-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145811462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}