Veterinary and comparative oncology最新文献

{"title":"Immunophenotyping and Mutation Analysis of Canine Intestinal T-Cell Lymphoma: A Comparative Pathological Study of Human Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma.","authors":"Kazuhiro Kojima, James K Chambers, Ko Nakashima, Kazumi Nibe, Kazuyuki Uchida","doi":"10.1111/vco.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is a rare primary aggressive intestinal T-cell lymphoma associated with celiac disease and is considered to be a neoplasm of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) with an innate lymphoid cell (ILC)-like immunophenotype. The lack of an animal model has delayed the elucidation of its pathogenesis. In dogs, the histopathological and immunophenotypic features of intestinal large T-cell lymphoma (ILTCL) are similar to EATL; however, its cell of origin remains unclear. We herein performed detailed immunophenotyping, an RNA expression analysis of selected genes, and gene mutation analysis of 54 cases of ILTCL, including 27 with fresh frozen samples available and 21 of intestinal small T-cell lymphoma (ISTCL) in dogs. Canine ILTCL was characterised by the expression of cytotoxic granules (53/54) and frequent absence of CD4/CD8 (26/27) and T-cell receptors (14/27). The mRNA expression of CD103 (25/35) and NKp46 (15/35) was detected in ILTCL by RNA in situ hybridisation. The gene mutation analysis showed mutations in NFKBIA (ILTCL, 31/54; ISTCL, 10/21), including truncating mutations (ILTCL, 11/54; ISTCL, 3/21). Mutations in STAT3 SH2 were less frequent (ILTCL, 13/54; ISTCL, 3/21) and the hotspot JAK1 mutation of human EATL was not detected. Immunohistochemistry for p-Stat3 showed STAT3 pathway activation in ILTCL cases. These results suggest that canine ILTCL is also a neoplasm of IEL with an ILC-like immunophenotype and STAT3 pathway activation, and loss-of-function mutations in NF-κB pathway inhibitors are associated with its neoplastic changes. Therefore, canine ILTCL has potential as a valuable model for investigating the pathogenesis of EATL.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Impact of Mast Cell Infiltration Detected by Flow Cytometry on Excised Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Dogs With Newly Diagnosed Mast Cell Tumours.","authors":"Chalfon Carmit, Sabattini Silvia, Riondato Fulvio, Iamone Giulia, Renzi Andrea, Ciammaichella Luca, Ferraris Erica Ilaria, Spindler Kevin Pascal, Marconato Laura","doi":"10.1111/vco.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lymph node (LN) metastasis is a negative prognostic factor in canine mast cell tumours (MCTs). Flow cytometry (FC) can identify and quantify mast cells (MCs) in LNs. This tri-institutional prospective study aimed to evaluate the impact of previously reported MC cut-off values in sentinel LNs (SLNs) detected by FC on clinical outcomes in dogs with cutaneous or subcutaneous MCTs, and to determine a prognostically significant cut-off. Dogs with newly diagnosed, previously untreated, single MCT scheduled for primary tumour excision and sentinel lymphadenectomy were enrolled. The SLNs of enrolled dogs were analysed using cytology and FC after excision. MCs were quantified as a percentage using FC, and SLNs were cytologically and histologically classified according to the Krick and Weishaar systems, respectively. The influence of potential prognostic variables, including MCs cut-offs > 1.1% and > 4%, on tumour progression and tumour-specific survival (TSS) was evaluated using Cox regression and log-rank analysis. The optimal cut-off for predicting tumour-related death was determined via ROC curves. A total of 64 dogs were enrolled. Dogs with nodal MC infiltration exceeding 1.1% and 4% were 10 and 40 times more likely, respectively, to experience tumour progression. SLN MC infiltration > 4% and HN3 SLN (observed in 9 out of 64 dogs) were associated with shorter TSS (median, 327 versus not reached; p < 0.001). The optimal SLN cut-off for predicting tumour-related death was 16%. These findings suggest that previously established cut-offs may hold prognostic value. Additional studies performing in vivo sampling with a larger number of events are necessary to validate this proposed cut-off.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Evaluation of a Cyclical, Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Protocol ('Quad-Shot') for the Treatment of Canine Nasal Tumours in 81 Dogs.","authors":"Inês Cabral, Konstantinos Rigas, Sarah Mason, Jérôme Benoit, James Elliott","doi":"10.1111/vco.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study evaluated a cyclical, hypofractionated palliative-intent radiotherapy protocol ('quad-shot', QS) in 81 dogs with sinonasal tumours treated between 2011 and 2023. The protocol consisted of a 'cycle' of four fractions of 3.25-4.0 Gy delivered over 48-72 h, repeated every 3-4 weeks, up to three cycles (maximum cumulative dose, 48 Gy). Most were treated with 3D conformal radiation therapy and a small number with a clinical setup. Carcinomas accounted for 78% of cases and tumours were modified Adams stage 1 (n = 5; 6%), 2 (n = 8; 10%), 3 (n = 29; 36%), 4 (n = 33; 41%) or unknown in n = 6 (7%). Ninety percent of patients received three full cycles to a total of 39-48 Gy, and 77% showed clinical improvement at presentation for Cycle 2 and 90% at presentation for Cycle 3. Median progression-free interval (PFI) was 207 days (95% CI: 124-290), and median overall survival time (OST) was 296 days (95% CI: 177-415). One-, two-, and 3-year survival rates were 40.6%, 17.2%, and 9.4%, respectively. Acute toxicity was generally mild, with conjunctivitis (33%), mucositis (7%), and radiodermatitis (6%) being the most frequent. Severe late toxicity was infrequent, but toxicities were considered likely under-reported. In the multivariable analysis, three QS cycles (vs. 1 or 2 cycles only) was a positive prognostic factor. The QS protocol resulted in improvements in nasal clinical signs, with survival outcomes comparable to other palliative radiation protocols. Toxicity was acceptable, despite the poor conformality of the radiation therapy in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes and Prognostic Factors in Dogs With Presumed Intracranial Gliomas Treated With Definitive-Intent Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy: 55 Cases (2014-2023).","authors":"Yohichi Fukuyama, Kenji Hosoya, Sangho Kim, Koangyong Sung, Tatsuya Deguchi, Genya Shimbo, Kazuyoshi Sasaoka, Ryouhei Kinoshita, Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi","doi":"10.1111/vco.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation therapy (RT) is the treatment of choice for canine intracranial gliomas. Recently, modern advanced radiation techniques, including intensity modulated RT (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), have become widely available in veterinary medicine. However, the glioma-specific therapeutic outcomes of patients treated with modern RT remain unclear. This study aimed to describe survival outcomes and tumour response and to identify whether any treatment, clinical, and imaging factors were predictive of prognosis in dogs with intracranial gliomas treated with definitive-intent IMRT alone. Medical records of dogs with presumed intracranial gliomas that underwent definitive-intent IMRT were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-five dogs were included. Amongst them, 29 and 26 underwent fractionated RT (FRT) and stereotactic RT (SRT), respectively. In the 44 dogs that underwent follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the overall measurable response rate was 77.3%. Clinical improvement was observed in 92% of the dogs. Local tumour regrowth and drop metastases were observed in 17 (30.9%) and 10 dogs (18.2%), respectively. The median overall survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free survival were 432, 670, and 441 days, respectively. Seven dogs (12.7%) died during RT or within 6 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference in the survival times between FRT and SRT. In the multivariate analysis, poor performance status, tumour location in the diencephalon, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery heterogeneity were significantly associated with shorter survival times. These findings suggest that definitive-intent RT results in tumour shrinkage and prolonged survival (432 days) with minimal radiation toxicity regardless of the RT protocol used. Performance status and MRI findings can be useful for predicting prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary Aromatic Amine Exposures in Pet Dogs With Urothelial Carcinoma and Unaffected Controls.","authors":"Hannah M Peterson, Nicholas S Keuler, Lauren A Trepanier","doi":"10.1111/vco.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urothelial carcinoma (UC) in pet dogs resembles muscle-invasive UC in people. Human UC is strongly associated with aromatic amine exposures, either in tobacco smoke or through occupational exposures. However, the role of aromatic amines in canine UC is not understood. Urine from dogs diagnosed with UC (n = 37) and unaffected controls (n = 36), collected in a previous case-control study, were analysed for 12 aromatic amines. Eleven aromatic amines were (o-anisidine, p-toluidine, o-toluidine, 4-chloroaniline, 2,6-dimethylaniline, 3,5-dimethylaniline, aniline, 2-napthylamine, p-cresidine, 4,4'-methylenedianiline, and 4-ethoxyaniline) detected in most urine samples; 4-aminobiphenyl was detected in only three dogs. Urinary concentrations of o-toluidine were significantly higher in cases (median 0.16, range 0.03-2.00 ng/mg creat) versus controls (median 0.11, range 0.02-0.42 ng/mg/creat; p = 0.017), but differences were modest with substantial overlap between groups, and we did not control for multiple comparisons. Urinary o-toluidine was most strongly correlated with urinary aniline, which reached the highest median concentrations overall (1.65 ng/mg creat or 2.60 ng/mL). Total molar aromatic amine urinary exposures were not different between pet dogs living in metropolitan versus rural areas using USDA Rural-Urban Continuum codes in this small sample size. Follow-up studies are indicated to establish the genotoxic thresholds for o-toluidine and aniline in canine urothelial cells and determine whether some pet dogs are exposed to genotoxic urinary concentrations of these aromatic amines in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative Computed Tomography Features as Predictors of Malignancy and Survival in Canine Adrenal Tumours.","authors":"William L Snell, Ashton Cole Berger, Elisa Spoldi, Michael J Dark, Madison Elizabeth Hurley, Monica Maria Suero, Lisa L Farina, Carlos Henrique de Mello Souza, Judith Bertran, Elizabeth A Maxwell","doi":"10.1111/vco.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As computed tomography (CT) becomes more commonly used in clinical practice for staging and surgical planning of dogs with adrenal tumours, there remain few reports on CT characteristics of malignant adrenal tumours and none that correlate imaging findings with survival. This retrospective study attempts to evaluate preoperative CT characteristics that are associated with malignancy and those that may be associated with shorter survival in dogs with surgically addressed adrenal tumours. CT scans performed at a single tertiary care facility were examined by a single blinded radiologist, and the findings were correlated with histopathology results as well as short- and long-term survival. A total of 226 adrenal tumours were assessed from 201 individual patients. The overall median survival time for adrenal tumours was 671 days. Dogs undergoing unilateral versus bilateral adrenalectomies had longer survival, with a median survival time of 697 versus 623 days (p = 0.02). Consensus histopathologic diagnosis as malignant versus benign was not associated with a significantly shorter survival time, 952 versus 1514 days, p = 0.04, q = 0.25. No CT features were associated with shortened long-term survival times on multivariate analysis. Excluding deaths within 24 h of surgery, splenectomy was predictive for hazard of death and was retained on multivariate analysis p = 0.03, HR = 2.33. Age (p = 0.0001, HR = 1.23) and concurrent ureteronephrectomy at the time of adrenalectomy (p = 0.042, HR = 2.45) were shown to affect long-term survival and were retained on multivariate analysis. This information may be useful when prognosticating outcomes for pet owners presenting for surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole Blood DNA Damage Precedes a Diagnosis of Canine Multicentric Lymphoma and Correlates With Environmental Chemical Exposures.","authors":"Ashleigh N Tindle, Brian M Hansford, Hannah Peterson, Brenna Swafford, Julia Labadie, Lauren A Trepanier","doi":"10.1111/vco.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine multicentric lymphoma is a common cancer in dogs without evidence-based prevention measures. While breed accounts for part of lymphoma risk, environmental exposures might also contribute. Human non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), which resembles canine lymphoma, is associated with exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and herbicides. Pet dogs are commonly exposed to these genotoxic chemicals, but it is unknown whether such exposures are associated with in vivo DNA damage as a potential contributor to lymphoma in dogs or whether early DNA damage can be detected before lymphoma diagnosis. The aims of this study were to determine whether DNA strand breaks or oxidised DNA residues precede a diagnosis of canine lymphoma and to assess whether DNA damage events correlate with estimated systemic exposures to the VOCs benzene, xylene and 1,3-butadiene or the herbicides 2,4-D and glyphosate. In a nested case-control study within the Golden Retriever Lifetime Study, we found increased DNA strand breaks in dogs with lymphoma compared to controls at the time of diagnosis (p = 0.004). We also found higher oxidised DNA residues both at the time of diagnosis (p = 0.02) and in the year prior to diagnosis (p = 0.03). DNA strand breaks across all dogs and time points were positively correlated with estimated aggregate blood VOC exposures and estimated plasma 2,4-D and glyphosate concentrations. These data indicate that detectable oxidative DNA damage may precede a diagnosis of canine lymphoma and support the hypothesis that VOC and herbicide exposures might contribute to DNA strand breaks in pet dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Cytological and Histopathological Diagnostic Performance in Detecting Nodal Metastasis of Canine Mast Cell Tumours.","authors":"Xavier Escoda Llorens, Ignacio Amarillo-Gómez, Isaac Carrasco-Rivero, Ignacio Rodríguez-Pizà, Antonio Meléndez-Lazo","doi":"10.1111/vco.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytological evaluation of regional lymph nodes (LNs) is routinely used for staging canine mast cell tumours (MCTs), but its diagnostic accuracy requires further validation. This multicentre retrospective study compared Krick's cytological criteria with Weishaar's histopathological classification for detecting LN metastasis in canine MCTs, and evaluated whether cytology with modified Wright-Giemsa stain (WGS) could outperform routine haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) histology in identifying early metastatic LNs. Paired cytological and histopathological evaluations were performed on 65 LNs from 52 dogs undergoing lymphadenectomy, with toluidine blue staining (TBS) applied when metastasis was not evident on H&E. Cytology samples were classified using Krick's criteria (normal/reactive, possible, probable, certain metastasis). Histopathology was graded according to Weishaar's system (HN0-HN3). Diagnostic performance was assessed for three cytologic positivity groups (G): G1 (certain), G2 (certain/probable), and G3 (certain/probable/possible). Cytology detected 87.5% of early (HN2) and 95% of overt (HN3) metastases, outperforming H&E (25% and 85%, respectively). G1 showed moderate sensitivity (75%) but high specificity (93.1%), positive predictive value (93.1%), and positive likelihood ratio (10.5). G3 yielded the highest sensitivity (91.7%) but the lowest specificity (62.1%), with a negative predictive value of 85.7% and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.13. ROC analysis revealed notable diagnostic performance with Kappa values indicating moderate to substantial agreement between cytology and histopathology. Our results validate cytology with WGS as a reliable tool for LN staging in MCTs, outperforming routine H&E histology in the detection of early metastatic LNs. However, the 'possible' and 'probable' categories should be interpreted cautiously. TBS is essential for accurate nodal histopathological assessment. Definitive staging should integrate histopathology and advanced nodal mapping techniques to optimise sentinel LN identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Feline Lymphocytic Lymphoma/Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy Complex With Low Dose Abdominal Cavity Radiation Therapy.","authors":"Tracy L Gieger, Michael W Nolan, Jody Gookin, Victoria Elizabeth Watson","doi":"10.1111/vco.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of this prospective, single-arm pilot study was to assess tolerability and clinical benefit for cats with histologically confirmed lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic inflammatory enteropathy complex (FLL/CIE) treated with low-dose abdominal cavity radiation therapy (RT; 8 Gy total dose administered in four 2 Gy fractions). No cats received steroids or chemotherapy prior to RT. Fourteen cats were enrolled and 13 completed the study. Eight cats had enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma type II (FLL), and 6 cats had CIE (lymphoplasmacytic enteritis, 3 with concurrent eosinophilic enteritis). Nine of 13 cats (69%) had transient worsening of GI signs in the 1-3 weeks after RT, presumed secondary to RT and/or stress of travel/anaesthesia. Eight were managed as outpatients and one cat died after being syringe fed by the owner. Nine of the 12 remaining cats (75%; N = 6 with FLL and N = 3 with CIE) had a clinical benefit to treatment (resolution or improvement of GI signs as defined by owner surveys and body weight) that was sustained for > 340 days. Three cats experienced presumed or confirmed disease progression at 341, 465 and 449 days after RT and were treated with steroids. Six cats remained asymptomatic (N = 5) or stable (N = 1) at a median of 635 days after RT (range, 447-1014 days). Low-dose abdominal cavity RT could be considered for cats that cannot tolerate steroids and/or for owners that cannot pill cats routinely. Further optimisation of the protocol and use of RT as a rescue treatment for cats that fail traditional therapies are considerations for further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic Evaluation of Canine Prostatic Carcinomas as a Model for the Human Disease.","authors":"Rachael Thomas, Jennifer A Luff, Allison N Dickey, Megan N Dillon, Isabella G Livingston, Carter A Schrag, Steven E Suter, Matthew Breen","doi":"10.1111/vco.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spontaneous canine prostate cancer (PC) is widely considered a pertinent clinical model for the human disease. While over 95% of PC in men are adenocarcinomas, arising from prostatic glandular epithelium, it is increasingly recognised that many canine PC are of urothelial origin, arising within the prostatic urethra or ducts, or through invasion from a primary urinary bladder tumour. At diagnosis, canine prostatic tumours are often poorly differentiated and widely disseminated, masking the primary site and limiting the sensitivity of cellular biomarkers. Consequently, published studies of canine PC show varying representation of glandular versus urothelial tumours, yielding conflicting observations regarding their molecular pathogenesis and clinical behaviour. We characterised DNA sequence mutations and copy number aberrations in 31 canine PC, seeking evidence supporting relevance as a disease model. Only three tumours resembled adenocarcinomas. The remainder were either histologically consistent with urothelial carcinoma (n = 15), showed mixed glandular and urothelial morphology (n = 4), or were carcinomas of undetermined cell type (n = 9). BRAF V588E mutation was detected in 87% of tumours, including all three adenocarcinomas. Urinary bladder involvement was evident in 46% of cases, but none of the adenocarcinomas. Genome-wide DNA copy number instability was apparent throughout the cohort, with chromosome 36 gain significantly associated with urothelial tumours. Hallmark alterations of human PC, such as defects within PI3K and androgen receptor signalling pathways, were not detected. Improved molecular subclassification of canine PC is needed to direct selection of relevant cases for modelling the human disease and to ensure appropriate extrapolation between canine and human studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23693,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and comparative oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}