Veterinary Research Communications最新文献

{"title":"Sustained swimming and improvements in anti-oxidative stress responses in matrinxa (Brycon amazonicus) exposed to environmental nitrite.","authors":"Fernando Fabrizzi, Fernanda Dias de Moraes, Diana Amaral Monteiro, Cleujosí da Silva Nunes, Gustavo Arbeláez Rojas, Luciana Cristina de Almeida, Claucia Aparecida Honorato, Gilberto Moraes","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10605-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10605-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitrite is usual in water of intensive rearing systems. Considering its oxidative harmful potential, it was selected to challenge matrinxa Brycon amazonicus reared in sustained swimming (SS) (with flowing water adjusted to speed at 1.0 BL seg^-1 (long-duration aerobic metabolic characteristic) and evaluate any beneficial effect of such rearing system to enhance the fish potential to cope with this oxidant stressor in fish farmings. Some parameters of oxidative stress, intermediary metabolism and hematometry were measured in matrinxa adapted to SS and exposed to the highest environmental nitrite concentration allowed by law. The experiments were performed in two steps. At first, fish were adapted to exercise under SS for 90 days. Subsequently, adapted fish were exposed to environmental nitrite (1.0 mg L^-1) for 24 h in order to evaluate their physiological responses. The results were compared with fish let in the same environment but from motionless water. Glycogen, glucose, pyruvate, lactate, free amino acids and ammonia were quantified in liver, plasma and muscle. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were assayed in liver and white muscle. Hematometry data were obtained using standard procedures. Sustained swimming practice enhance the hematological capacity of fish, improving oxidative metabolic responses; changing the ability to mobilize carbohydrates for energy purposes; facilitating the energy-dependent detoxification process; and minimizing the mobilization of amino acids for this purpose. In conclusion, the potential of matrinxa adapted to SS to cope with oxidative stress caused by environmental nitrite was enhanced.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142732913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new smartphone-based digital stethoscope featuring phonocardiography and electrocardiography in adult horses.","authors":"Francesca Bindi, Chiara Bozzola, Tommaso Vezzosi, Enrica Zucca, Domenico Caivano, Francesca Freccero, Giulia Sala, Micaela Sgorbini","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10584-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10584-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Smartphone-based technology is increasingly used in veterinary medicine as a complementary tool for cardiac auscultation and ECG recording. This prospective observational study evaluates a digital stethoscope (DS) that consists of simultaneous phonocardiographic and one-lead ECG recording (dECG) in adult horses, comparing it with auscultation using a conventional stethoscope (CS) and reference base-apex ECG (rECG). A total of 104 horses underwent cardiac auscultation using CSs and DSs to detect arrhythmias and murmurs. Audio and dECG were acquired using the DS. The rECG tracings were also recorded. All ECG tracings were blindly evaluated for interpretability, measurements, and diagnosis. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the data distribution. Weighted Cohen's κ and Bland Altman plot analysis were applied to verify the agreement between reference vs. smartphone-based methods. Almost perfect agreement was found in detecting murmurs and/or arrhythmias between auscultation with the CS and DS, and between CS auscultation and re-listening to DS audio. Perfect agreement was observed between re-listening to DS audio and DS auscultation and in detecting murmur timing between CS and DS auscultation. Almost perfect agreement was found between rECG and dECG in detecting bradycardia, tachycardia, or normal heart rate (HR) and for P-wave polarity. The lack of variability with both methods for QRS polarity prevented statistical analyses from being performed. Fair agreement was found in the assessment of the presence of artifact. In conclusion, the DS reliably detected heart murmurs and arrhythmias through direct auscultation and re-listening to recordings, and accurately evaluated HR, wave and interval measurements, P-wave and QRS-complex polarities in adult horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142732855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of potential key circular RNAs associated with Escherichia coli-infected bovine mastitis using RNA-sequencing: preliminary study results.","authors":"Li Zhou, Zhuoma Luoreng, Xingping Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10592-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10592-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Escherichia coli (E. coli) is commonly found in dairy farms and can invade mammary gland tissue, often causing acute clinical mastitis. Mammary infections with E. coli have shown a wide range of clinical signs, causing abnormal appearance of the milk, udder inflammation and systemic signs of illness. Circular RNA is a class of endogenous non-coding RNA that plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various inflammatory diseases. However, there is little information on the circRNA associated with bovine mastitis. In this study investigated the involvement of circRNAs in bovine mastitis through the construction of an E. coli-infected bovine mastitis model by injecting of E. coli into the mammary gland of dairy cows, using healthy gland mammary tissue as a control (M_C). High-throughput RNA-seq was performed on the E. coli-infected mammary gland tissue (M_E) and differentially expressed circRNAs between theM_C and M_E groups, followed by an analysis of their potential functions using bioinformatics methods. A total of 164 differentially expressed circRNAs were identified, including 92 downregulated circRNAs and 72 upregulated circRNAs. As shown by Gene Ontology enrichment analysis these DE circRNAs were mostly enriched in ras protein signal transduction, cytoplasmic vesicle parts, and enzyme binding, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and genome singal pathway enrichment analysis indicated significant associations with phagosome signal pathway. Additionally, the expression of bovine mastitis-related circRNAs, including novel_circRNA_0000128, novel_circRNA_0011103, novel_circRNA_0012656, novel_circRNA_0015099, novel_circRNA_005648, novel_circRNA_000074, and novel_circRNA_0011796 were verified via quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). These results provide a new direction for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying bovine mastitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimum processing conditions for a trivalent-inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccine using field strains and immunogenicity of candidate formulations with different adjuvants.","authors":"Berfin Kadiroğlu, Kadir Yeşilbağ","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10608-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10608-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is among the common bovine pathogens worldwide. One of the prominent protection measures of BVDV is vaccination. This study aimed to determine the growth characteristics, inactivation kinetics of vaccine candidates using local BVDV strains [TR-26 (BVDV-1f), TR-21 (BVDV-1l), and TR-15 (BVDV-2b)], and the serological response in experimental animals to inactivated BVDV vaccine formulations prepared with different adjuvants. Optimum MOI values for BVDV strains TR-26, TR-21, and TR-15 were determined as 0.1, 1.0, and 0.01, respectively. In addition, growth curves of TR-26, TR-21, and TR-15 strains were created, and it was determined that they reached the highest titers at 12, 48, and 36 h p.i., respectively. The strains TR-26, TR-21, and TR-15 with titers of 10^6.5, 10^6.5, and 10^5.25 TCID₅₀/ml were completely inactivated by 1 mM binary ethyleneimine (BEI) at the 10th, 16th, and 10th hours of treatment, respectively. Guinea pigs were immunized with four vaccine formulations (F1, F2, F3, F4), two with aluminum-based [Al(OH)_3, Al(OH)₃+Saponin] and two with oil-based (ISA 50 and ISA 206) adjuvants. Neutralization tests were applied to determine the humoral immune response developed after vaccination. Both homologous and heterologous BVDV strains were used for evaluations. Oil adjuvanted vaccines were more efficient to induce antibody titers compared to Al(OH)₃-based vaccines. In addition, between the oil adjuvanted vaccines, the titers of neutralizing antibodies obtained by Montanide^® ISA 206 formulation were significantly higher than in Montanide^® ISA 50 (p < 0.05). Post-vaccinal neutralizing antibodies were detected in the first sampling at 21st day and lasted longer than a 111 days period. The highest antibody response in Guinea pigs was for the strain TR-15. The availability of using BVDV-lf, 1l, and 2b local strains in vaccines and their effectiveness against homologous and heterologous strains have been demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation on milk somatic cell scores and the plasma indexes of inflammation and antioxidant activity in dairy cows.","authors":"Kei Tan, Yasushi Sekiguchi, Eriko Hiratsuka, Norichika Eguchi, Kenji Mukawa, Yutaka Uyeno, Shiro Kushibiki","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10607-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10607-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder (MOLP) supplementation on milk somatic cell scores (SCS), plasma inflammation markers, and plasma antioxidants were studied in 18 multiparous Holstein cows, 10 in early lactation (days in milk; DIM < 100) and eight in mid- and late-lactation (DIM ≥ 100). Nine of these 18 cows (5 + 4 individuals for each lactation stage, respectively) were placed in the MO group and fed with MOLP at 0.3% of partial mixed ration (PMR) dry matter (DM) for 3 weeks, while the other nine represented the control group and were not fed any MOLP supplementation. Milk, blood, and rumen fluid samples were collected on weeks 0 and 3. The SCS and plasma acute phase protein (APP) concentrations in the early lactation cows in the control group increased markedly (P < 0.05) and milk yield decreased significantly, resulting in a difference (P < 0.05) between groups at the end of the experiment. In mid- and late-lactation cows, MOLP supplementation did not affect SCS, milk yields, and plasma APP concentrations. Plasma superoxide dismutase levels in the MO group at both lactation stages were higher (P < 0.05) than in the control group. In conclusion, feeding MOLP at 0.3% of PMR DM to dairy cows for 3 weeks controlled the increase in SCS in the early lactation individuals and the subsequent decrease in milk production as a response to inflammation. The results also suggested that MOLP supplementation was responsible for the increase in antioxidant activity during lactation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular survey for Chlamydia among southern greater gliders (Petauroides volans) from southeastern New South Wales, Australia.","authors":"Jordyn Clough, Meg Emery, Ana Gracanin, Katarina M Mikac","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10604-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10604-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Southern greater gliders (Petauroides volans) are endangered Australian marsupials for which there is little health data currently available. Chlamydia pecorum is the only reported pathogen of greater gliders and infects a broad range of hosts, including other marsupials, ruminants, swine and birds. Conjunctival and cloacal swabs collected from thirty-two southern greater gliders across southeastern New South Wales, Australia were screened for Chlamydia spp. by 23S real-time PCR. None of the ninety-six swabs tested returned a positive result for Chlamydia DNA. We found no evidence of Chlamydia infection among the four geographically disparate populations sampled, suggesting that Chlamydia may not pose a widespread health risk to southern greater gliders in this region, based on the current data. However, various clinical signs of ophthalmic pathology were observed, warranting further investigation to determine their underlying aetiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of OSA-VET^® and qualiquantitative tear tests in brachycephalic dogs with and without keratoconjunctivitis sicca.","authors":"Jéssica N Voitena, Fábio L C Brito, Tatiane O C Marinho, Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira, Daniela N Cremonini, João L V Chiurciu, Nadja S Jesus, Brian C Leonard, Olicies da Cunha","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10610-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10610-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim was to compare the outcomes acquired from the OSA-Vet^® device with conventional quantitative and qualitative tear tests and between groups within each test, in brachycephalic dogs both healthy and those diagnosed with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The dogs were divided into four groups: healthy dogs (HD), with mild KCS (MIKCS); moderate KCS (MOKCS); severe KCS (SKCS). All patients underwent ocular surface diagnostic examination in the following order, with a 10-minute interval between tests: non-invasive tear film breakup time (TBUTNI - OSA-Vet^®), tear meniscus height (TMH-OSA-Vet^®), meniscometry (I-Tear^® test), Schirmer Tear Test-1 (STT-1), and tear film breakup time (TBUT). Kruskal-Wallis H tests were performed to establish the difference between the groups and Spearman´s correlation coefficient test to assess the correlation between tests. And an analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test was performed for TMH. Results with (p <.05) were considered statistically significant. The correlation of conventional tests in relation to those obtained by OSA-Vet^® proved to be low, except between TBUTNI (OSA-Vet^®) and TBUT in MOKCS, with a strong correlation (r =.925). In the comparison between TBUTNI (OSA-Vet^®) and TBUT in MIKCS the correlation was moderate (r =.547) as well as STT-1 and I-Tear^® test in MOKCS (r =.416). In the comparison between groups, the main result observed was a significant difference between all the KCS groups and HD, in the TBUT and TBUTNI (OSA-Vet^®) test. The OSA-Vet^® and conventional tests are useful for evaluating the ocular surface of brachycephalic dogs. However, the OSA-Vet^® does not correlate well with conventional standardized tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bovine brucellosis in dual-purpose cattle herds and its potential economic impact in the Colombian Caribbean region.","authors":"Marlon Mauricio Ardila, Pedro Cabarcas, Ángel Alberto Flórez, Karina Castellanos, Carlos Beltrán, Juan Carlos Crisóstomo, Leidi Herrera, María C Silva-de la Fuente, Adriana Santodomingo, Paula Gädicke","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10606-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10606-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine brucellosis (BB) is a cosmopolitan zoonotic disease caused by certain bacteria of the genus Brucella. It has negative health implications for the cattle, economic implications for the owners and is present in numerous cattle and wildlife populations worldwide. To determine the seroprevalence of BB in dual-purpose herds and assess its impact in the southern part of the Department of Atlántico, northern Colombia. 1,000 female cattle were tested for brucellosis, using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect ELISA (iELISA) as screening and confirmatory tests, respectively. Of these, 100 animals tested positive by RBPT and 204 were inconclusive, while 38 positive animals were identified by iELISA. Consequently, the apparent seroprevalence was 3.8%, and the estimated true prevalence was 4.4%. Based on estimates of the economic losses caused by BB, the cost was calculated at $2,496,364 COP ($822 USD) per animal. The costs identified in this study include medication costs, loss of lactation, and others. It highlights the significant impact of BB on food security, particularly concerning the availability of and access to bovine food products, as well as on the economy of livestock farmers in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking puppy development: automated analysis and qualitative behavioral assessment in repeated open field tests.","authors":"Mustafa Koçkaya, Sevim Isparta, Patrick R Reinhardt, Kuzey Kılıç, Elif Güleç, Adem Selçuk Karaağaç, Yasemin Salgirli Demirbas","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10581-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10581-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early puppy development is a crucial period that significantly influences a dog's lifelong health, behavior and personality. In this study, the behavioral development of Kangal puppies was investigated through repeated open-field testing, focusing on exploratory behavior, mobility, and responses to novel stimuli. Thirty-three Kangal puppies (20 males and 13 females) from various breeding centers in Sivas Province, Türkiye, were evaluated. The puppies were tested in a controlled open-field environment at 5, 6, and 8 weeks of age. Tests included a novel environment test at 5 weeks and novel object tests at 6 and 8 weeks. Mobility rate, exploration rate, and total distance parameters were measured using automated tracking software (ToxTrac). Qualitative behavioral assessments (QBAs) were performed to evaluate three distinct behavioral and emotional aspects: curiosity, comfort, and fearfulness. The results of these assessments revealed significant increases in curiosity and comfort scores over the testing weeks, with a concomitant decrease in fearfulness. Additionally, tracking data showed increased mobility and decreased exploration rates throughout the testing weeks. Significant correlations were found between curiosity and exploratory behavior, as well as between mobility and comfort scores. Overall, our findings suggest that Kangal puppies exhibit expected behavioral developments in repeated open field testing, with patterns consistent across multiple analyses. These results provide valuable insights into the behavioral development of Kangal puppies and underscore the importance of considering curiosity and other internal motivations in understanding animal behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a genotype-matched Newcastle disease DNA vaccine candidate adjuvanted with IL-28b for the control of targeted velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus in Africa.","authors":"Charlie F Amoia, Augustino A Chengula, Jean N Hakizimana, Philemon N Wambura, Muhammad Munir, Gerald Misinzo, James Weger-Lucarelli","doi":"10.1007/s11259-024-10590-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-024-10590-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an extremely contagious and deadly virus that affects numerous bird species, posing serious threats to poultry production on a global scale. In addition to implementing biosecurity practices in farming systems, vaccination remains the most effective means of controlling Newcastle disease (ND). However, while existing commercial vaccines provide some level of protection, the effectiveness of these vaccines can be questionable, particularly in field settings where the complexity of vaccination program implementation poses significant challenges, especially against virulent genotypes of NDV. A genotype-matched NDV DNA vaccine could potentially offer a more effective vaccination approach than currently available live attenuated vaccines. By being specifically tailored to match circulating strains, such a vaccine might improve efficacy and reduce the risk of vaccine failure due to genotype mismatch. To develop an alternative vaccine approach, two ND DNA vaccines were constructed in this study. Each vaccine developed in this study contains the fusion (F) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) genes of a virulent NDV genotype VII isolate from Tanzania. Interferon lambda-3 (IFNλ3; IL-28b), which has demonstrated capacity to significantly enhance specific adaptive immune responses and decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines, as well as improved protective responses at a high viral challenge dose, was included in one of the developed vaccines. These plasmids were designated pTwist-F-HN-VII-IL28b and pTwist-F-HN-VII. The two plasmids differed in that pTwist-F-HN-VII-IL28b contained the cytokine adjuvant IL-28b. Transfection of cells and subsequent immunofluorescence assays indicated that both plasmids expressed high levels of NDV F-HN proteins. In vivo immunization demonstrated that chicks intramuscularly immunized with pTwist-F-HN-VII-IL28b exhibited significant immune responses compared to chicks immunized with pTwist-F-HN-VII or the commonly used LaSota vaccine (LaSota), which was used as a control. The protective efficacy of pTwist-F-HN-VII-IL28b was 80% after challenge with the highly virulent NDV strain ON148423, compared to 60% for chicks vaccinated using LaSota, and pTwist-F-HN-VII. The findings of this study indicate that IL-28b can be employed as a molecular adjuvant for NDV vaccines. This study represents a key milestone in Newcastle disease vaccine research, particularly in the development of a genotype-matched DNA vaccine candidate. Additionally, this study demonstrated that the combination of F, HN, and IL-28b elicits an efficacious immune response against virulent NDV strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}