Veterinary Research Communications最新文献

{"title":"Senecio pampeanus poisoning in beef cattle: case report and toxicological evaluation.","authors":"María Florencia Ovelar, Juan Agustín García, Daniel Cook, Dale Gardner, Bryan Stegelmeier, Patricia Diez de Ulzurrun, Agustina Tettamanti, Delfina Balbuena, Elvis Vilatuña Lita, Juan I Poo, María Valeria Scioli, Germán J Cantón","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10768-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10768-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis occurs sporadically in cattle in South America, associated with the consumption of several Senecio species including S. brasiliensis, S. grisebachii, S. madagascariensis, S. oxyphyllus and S. selloi. Although S. pampeanus has been potentially reported as hepatotoxic, there is no scientific evidence of outbreaks associated with its consumption. This report describes a case of chronic hepatotoxicity in a beef heifer in Buenos Aires province in Argentina, grazing native grasslands heavily infested with S. pampeanus. Clinical and pathological findings were consistent with pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis, including hepatic fibrosis, marked hyperplasia of the bile ducts and the presence of abundant hepatomegalocytes. Furthermore, four unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) were identified in S. pampeanus including florosenine, doronine, otosenine and desacetyldoronine. Some clinical and histological details are suggestive of a chronic, low-dose pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis probably associated with the low concentration of toxic principles found in S. pampeanus. Further studies are needed to know PAs variation in S. pampeanus and its potential dissemination throughout the region, implying an important risk for livestock.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) for the control of gingival inflammation in a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) with progressive syndrome of acquired dental disease (PSADD): case report.","authors":"Guilherme Ramon Vieira da Silva, Luiz Emanuel Campos Francelino, Samuel Ferreira de França Silvestre, Maria Danielle Chagas Dos Santos, Francisco Joelson Correia de Freitas, Ana Caroline Freitas Caetano de Sousa, Clodomiro Alves Júnior, Moacir Franco de Oliveira, Carlos Iberê Alves Freitas, Carlos Eduardo Bezerra de Moura","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10775-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10775-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Progressive syndrome of acquired dental disease (PSADD) is common in domestic rabbits and is often associated with chronic gingivitis, which compromises quality of life. Conventional treatment involves prolonged use of antimicrobials and anti-inflammatories, which may cause resistance and adverse effects. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties, suggesting its therapeutic potential. This pilot study evaluated the effects of CAP as a complementary treatment for gingivitis associated with PSADD in a domestic rabbit. Two applications of the plasma jet were performed on the gingiva of the incisors, with an interval of seven days. The CAP was generated with helium gas at 2 L/min, 1.2 W power, 1.08 mA current and 10 Hz frequency, with application time of 30s/cm² of the affected area. Efficacy was assessed by clinical and histopathological scores before and after the intervention. The results indicated a significant reduction in gingival hyperemia and edema, in addition to the inhibition of the inflammatory infiltrate and regeneration of the lamina propria. After treatment, the patient also presented weight gain of 100 g, suggesting improvement in general well-being. These findings reinforce the potential of CAP as a complementary approach in PSADD, reducing the need for prolonged pharmacological therapies and promoting tissue regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tiamulin and monensin intoxication in commercial brown pullets.","authors":"Álex Gómez, Sergio Villanueva-Saz, Antonio Fernández, Estela Pérez, Lluís Luján, Diego Cortés","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10771-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10771-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tiamulin and monensin intoxication has been widely reported in broilers and many other domestic animals, causing muscular dystrophy. This study reports an outbreak of subacute tiamulin-monensin toxicosis in commercial brown pullets and provides a detailed clinicopathological description. The outbreak occurred on a floor-rearing farm in Spain of 21,044 Lohmann Brown pullets (11-16 weeks old) after monensin (120 ppm) was administered in feed and tiamulin (150 ppm) in drinking water. Within 24 h after tiamulin treatment, feed and water consumption declined drastically, and mortality increased progressively, reaching a peak of 1.75%. Cumulative mortality over a 13-day period was 4.3%. Affected pullets (8%) exhibited marked apathy, muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis, and prostration. Necropsy of 18 naturally dead pullets revealed gross myocardial (72%) and vastus intermedius (100%) muscle pallor, with histopathological examination confirming monophasic myocardial and myocyte degeneration and necrosis (100%). Fibrosis and granulomatous infiltration surrounding and infiltrating affected muscle fibers were observed in a low number of animals (11%). These findings suggest that tiamulin enhances monensin toxicity through biochemical interactions, indicating that the combination of 150 ppm tiamulin and 120 ppm monensin is highly toxic to pullets. This highlights the need for careful administration in poultry production. Twenty-four hours after tiamulin-monensin withdrawal, feed and water consumption increased and mortality decreased. Tiamulin-monensin toxicosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cardiomuscular disorders in pullets and layers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12092491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemistry and molecular biology studies of apelin and apelin receptor in queen placenta.","authors":"Sara Pastore, Cecilia Dall'Aglio, Margherita Maranesi, Guillaume Robiteau, Viola Zappone, Tiziana Caspanello, Alain Fontbonne, Angela Polisca, Andrea Verini Supplizi, Alessandro Troisi","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10766-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10766-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Placenta is a tissue where vasculogenesis, blood pressure and blood flow are dramatically important to allow normal embryonic and foetal growth and requires the production of numerous growth factors, hormones and transcription factors. Apelin is a pleiotropic peptide, and its major action relates to energy metabolism, cardiovascular function, body fluid homeostasis via its receptor. The involvement of the apelinergic system during pregnancy in veterinary medicine has been investigated only in bitches. Thereafter, the aim of our study was to investigate, for the first time, presence and distribution of this system in the queen placenta at mid- and end-gestation. Ten pregnant mixed-breed queens were used. The animals were equally divided into two groups based on the stage of pregnancy (mid and end gestation) and, with the written consent of their owners, were subjected to ovariohysterectomy or non-conservative caesarean section. The Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis showed the presence of transcripts for apelin and its receptor in all the foetal and maternal placenta samples processed. The immunohistochemical (IHC) study evidenced the presence and the distribution of positive immunoreactions for apelin and its receptor in all the samples observed. In particular, in the placental labyrinthic portion, apelin and apelin receptor immunopositivity was evident in the cytoplasm of trophoblasts and endothelial cells. The uterine glands also exhibited a positive immune reaction for apelin and corresponding receptor. Based on our results, apelin and its receptor, also in the queen placenta, could be an important system involved in the physiological development of placenta, embryo and foetal growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12092554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monoclonal antibody based competitive 3AB non-structural protein ELISA for detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus infection.","authors":"Smrutirekha Mallick, Jajati Keshari Mohapatra, Jitendra Kumar Biswal, Manoranjan Rout, Rajeev Ranjan, Reshama Samanta, Rabindra Prasad Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10767-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10767-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most infectious viral diseases of cloven-footed animals which cause devastating global economic losses. FMD virus (FMDV) specific non-structural protein (NSP) antibodies are indicative of a current or past infection with any of the seven FMDV serotypes(O, A, C, Asia1, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3). In the present study, a monoclonal antibody (MAb) was developed against recombinant FMDV NSP 3AB3 (r3AB3) via hybridoma system and applied in a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for NSP antibody detection. The newly generated MAb #FMDV3AB-2E4 was identified as an IgG1 isotype that specifically binds to NSP 3B. A cELISA termed FMDV3AB-2E4 cELISA was developed using r3AB3 as the antigen and the MAb. Percent inhibition (PI) cut-off of the cELISA was determined by receiver operating characteristics curve analysis of 202 known FMDV-positive and 730 negative serum samples from multiple species (cattle, buffalo sheep, goat, pig and deer). At the selected cut-off value of 45 PI the cELISA exhibited diagnostic sensitivity (DSn) of 95.54% and diagnostic specificity (DSp) of 98.36% at 95% confidence interval. Compared to commercial PrioCHECK FMD NS test the DSn was 93.54% and DSp was 97.46% for bovine and caprine sera (n = 446) obtained from naïve, FMDV-infected and vaccinated animals. Concordance rate of new cELISA and extensively used in-house r3AB3 indirect ELISA was 96.61% for test results of 3016 cattle sera collected across multi-locations in India. The species independent NSP antibody test developed would be a useful tool in FMD control efforts in India and other countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical evaluation of sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) in maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus).","authors":"Flávia Fiori, Rogério Cunha de Paula, Ricardo Luiz Pires Boulhosa, Ricardo Augusto Dias","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10774-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10774-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcoptic mange is a disease potentially threatening to Brazilian carnivores, especially maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus). Recently, an outbreak of sarcoptic mange has affected maned wolves in part of their range; therefore, it is a priority to assess the clinical manifestation of the disease. A total of 20 maned wolves were evaluated in Southeast Brazil, 12 of which from research projects and eight were rescued between 2008 and 2023. Since the clinical signs of the sarcoptic mange vary considerably, the maned wolves were classified according to the degree of clinical manifestation and the lesion severity. According to the extension of the body affected by sarcoptic mange, two maned wolves (10%) were classified as level I (< 25% of the body affected), five (25%) as level II (26-50% of the body affected), three (15%) as level III (51-75% of the body affected), and ten maned wolves (50%) as level IV (76-100% of the body affected). By lesion severity, five maned wolves (25%) had type A lesions (mild lesions), ten (50%) had type B lesions, and five (25%) had type C lesions (severe lesions). The maned wolves classified as III-C and IV-C were transferred to captivity to receive intensive veterinary care. The definitive diagnosis was challenging due to the low sensitivity of the available diagnostic tests, suggesting that future research should use a diagnostic protocol that combines blood serum antibody testing with skin scrapings and histopathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet composition and apparent digestibility in giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) kept under human care.","authors":"Thaís Moreira Gentini, Fernanda Mara Macedo Aragão Pereira, Lucas Batista da Silva, Maria Fernanda Hussni, Danyele Karoline Avante Mangueira, Carolyne Assis Eigerheer Pinke Testa, Caroline de Cássia Gallo, Lucas Carneiro, Paulo Roberto de Lima Meirelles, Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun Guimarães Okamoto, Ellen Sue Dierenfield, Alessandra Melchert","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10760-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10760-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Giant anteaters have limited biological knowledge and pose challenges in captivity, primarily due to their highly specialized feeding habits. This study aimed to evaluate the diet and its apparent digestibility in captive giant anteaters, seeking to understand the relationship between the offered diet and its utilization by animals under human care at institutions and zoos in the state of São Paulo. Seventeen adult giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), comprising 10 females and 7 males, were used to determine the nutritional composition of their diet, collect feces for bromatological analysis, and assess diet digestibility. The chemical composition of the offered foods and feces was evaluated, and the apparent digestibility of the diet was calculated. Analysis of the diets revealed that their nutritional composition did not differ significantly among institutions, despite variations in ingredient composition. The protein and lipid contents of the diets were as follows: 25.6% and 6.4% (diet 1), 34.7% and 10.9% (diet 2), 31.9% and 10.3% (diet 3), and 38.2% and 12.7% (diet 4), respectively. Ether extract (EE) had the highest apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) (general mean 91 ± 4.8). The mean ADC was 68.9, 67.6, 79.6, and 89.9 for crude protein (CP); 89.8, 88.8, 92.5, and 94.2 for EE; 44.8, 64, 71.1, and 95.3 for nitrogen-free extract; and 80.5, 43.5, 43, and 87.1 for crude fiber, for diets 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. It is concluded that diets at São Paulo institutions showed good digestibility, especially for crude protein and ether extract. However, most animals had soft feces, indicating room for improvement. Energy intake affected body condition, emphasizing the need for tailored diets. Ether extract should not exceed 10%, and diets should provide 75-100% of maintenance energy, with regular monitoring of body condition scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronchopneumonia by Granulicatella balaenopterae in a humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae).","authors":"Anderson Hentz Gris, Derek Blaese de Amorim, Gabriela Merker Breyer, Fernanda Felicetti Perosa, Manoela Marchezan Piva, Emanoelly Machado Sousa da Silva, Larissa Caló Zitelli, Maria Eduarda Rocha Jacques da Silva, Mariana Costa Torres, Elisandro Oliveira Dos Santos, Vanessa Lanes Ribeiro, Franciele Maboni Siqueira, Luciana Sonne","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10772-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10772-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a microbiological and pathological investigation of a juvenile male humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) stranded in Mostardas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Macroscopically, the lung parenchyma exhibited a diffuse hyperemia, that on histological examination was composed of suppurative bronchopneumonia associated with necrosis of the bronchial epithelium. Microbiological analyses of the lung tissue demonstrated pure and significant growth of Granulicatella balaenopterae. Lastly, on the microscopic exam, the whale presented a pattern of meningoencephalitis and bacterial enterocolitis lesions, however, the etiology was not able to be accurately determined. G. balaenoptera is a bacterium that has already been detected in marine mammals; however, before this report, it had never been associated with a lesion. It is suggested that the humpback whale has been stranded due to combined disease factors such as pneumonia and meningoencephalitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional reconstruction of gustatory papillae and its taste buds in short-hair cats (Felis Catus domestica, felidae, Carnivora).","authors":"Plewa Barbara, Jackowiak Hanna","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10764-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11259-025-10764-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies on the cat's tongue focused on the anatomy of the tongue and on the lingual papillae micromorphology. According to new challenges in studies on gustatory papillae, we adopted a modern computer-aided method of 3D reconstruction of gustatory papillae from serial 2D cross-sections in the description of the taste bud system. The study in short-hair cats aimed for the first time in carnivores to analyze fungiform (Fu papillae) and vallate papillae (Vp papillae) with spatial visualization of connective tissue cores (CTCs) and the arrangement and exact number of taste buds (Tbs). Results indicate the diversity in size and internal connective tissue microstructure of Fu and Vp papillae in short-hair cats. Four types of CTCs were distinguished in Fu papillae: mushroom-like, club-like, columnar-like, and bud-like, whereas CTC in Vp papillae was mushroom-like. The Tbs of Fu and on Vp papillae were either evenly distributed or grouped. Tbs of Fu papillae analyzed in particular parts of the tongue and on Vp papillae revealed differences in its number. The estimated total number of Tbs on the tongue was up circa 8265. Our 2D and 3D Tbs analyses highlight the functional importance of different tongue regions: the lingual apex for food preselection, the lateral lingual surfaces for analyzing chewed food, and the caudal part of the tongue for final food tasting before swallowing. Comparing our results in cats with previous studies on herbivores, we recommend using proposed 3D analyses as effective tools for further comparative studies of mammalian gustatory structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel plant-derived recombinant COBRA infectious bronchitis virus spike protein can elicit a strong immune response in chickens.","authors":"Hang Thi Thu Hoang, Tra Thi Nguyen, Van Thi Pham, Tam Thanh Chu, My Thi Tra Le, Linh Nhat Doan, Hien Thi Thu Nguyen, Xuyen Thi Kim Le, Huong Thi Thanh Doan, Ha Hoang Chu, Ngoc Bich Pham","doi":"10.1007/s11259-025-10755-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-025-10755-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes an acute respiratory disease in chickens of all ages, and is an economic burden on the global poultry industry. In severe cases, this virus can spread from the respiratory tract to urinary and reproductive organs, leading to kidney damage, poor egg quality, and high mortality rate of chickens. Among IBV glycoproteins, spike (S) is the major determinant of viral attachment to host receptors and induction of neutralizing antibodies. Rapid mutations were found within the S gene of numerous IBV strains presenting in multiple geographical locations. Since the early detection of IBV in the 1930s, no single control strategy has so far shown high efficacy in protecting chickens. The aim of this investigation was therefore to develop a novel S-subunit vaccine to prevent this disease. Using a design approach of Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen (COBRA) and the Nicotiana benthamiana transient expression system, we have successfully generated a recombinant S protein comprising the most consensus amino acids of IBV strains circulating in Vietnam and surrounding areas. Importantly, our results showed that the plant-derived protein was able to induce a strong immune response in chickens with significantly high expression levels of IFN-γ, GZM-A, CD4, CD8 mRNAs in the peripheral blood. Remarkable titers of IgY specific antibodies were stably observed over a 5-week period post immunization by COBRA-S, which was in agreement with the reduction of clinical signs after virus challenge. This study contributes a potential direction to vaccine development coping with new IBV outbreaks in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23690,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research Communications","volume":"49 4","pages":"196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}