World Journal of Hepatology最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic and prognostic role of LINC01767 in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Li Zhang, Tong-Xing Cui, Xiang-Zhi Li, Chong Liu, Wen-Qin Wang","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i6.932","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i6.932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary contributor to cancer-related mortality on a global scale. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Long noncoding RNAs are emerging markers for HCC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic target. No study of LINC01767 in HCC was published.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To conduct a multi-omics analysis to explore the roles of LINC01767 in HCC for the first time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DESeq2 Package was used to analyze different gene expressions. Receiver operating characteristic curves assessed the diagnostic performance. Kaplan-Meier univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were used to perform survival analysis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox was used to identify the prediction model. Subsequent to the validation of LINC01767 expression in HCC fresh frozen tissues through quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, next generation sequencing was performed following LINC01767 over expression (GSE243371), and Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes/Gene Set Enrichment Analysis/ingenuity pathway analysis was carried out. <i>In vitro</i> experiment in Huh7 cell was carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LINC01767 was down-regulated in HCC with a log fold change = 1.575 and was positively correlated with the cancer stemness. LINC01767 was a good diagnostic marker with area under the curve (AUC) [0.801, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.751-0.852, <i>P</i> = 0.0106] and an independent predictor for overall survival (OS) with hazard ratio = 1.899 (95%CI: 1.01-3.58, <i>P</i> = 0.048). LINC01767 nomogram model showed a satisfied performance. The top-ranked regulatory network analysis of LINC01767 showed the regulation of genes participating various pathways. LASSO regression identified the 9-genes model showing a more satisfied performance than 5-genes model to predict the OS with AUC > 0.75. LINC01767 was down-expressed obviously in tumor than para-tumor tissues in our cohort as well as in cancer cell line; the over expression of LINC01767 inhibit cell proliferation and clone formation of Huh7 <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LINC01767 was an important tumor suppressor gene in HCC with good diagnostic and prognostic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milestones to optimize of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt technique as a method for the treatment of portal hypertension complications.","authors":"Dmitry Victorovich Garbuzenko","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i6.891","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i6.891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial describes the milestones to optimize of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) technique, which have made it one of the main methods for the treatment of portal hypertension complications worldwide. Innovative ideas, subsequent experimental studies and preliminary experience of use in cirrhotic patients contributed to the introduction of TIPS into clinical practice. At the moment, the main achievement in optimize of TIPS technique is progress in the qualitative characteristics of stents. The transition from bare metal stents to extended polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent grafts made it possible to significantly prevent shunt dysfunction. However, the question of its preferred diameter, which contributes to an optimal reduction of portal pressure without the risk of developing post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy, remains relevant. Currently, hepatic encephalopathy is one of the most common complications of TIPS, significantly affecting its effectiveness and prognosis. Careful selection of patients based on cognitive indicators, nutritional status, assessment of liver function, <i>etc.</i>, will reduce the incidence of post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy and improve treatment results. Optimize of TIPS technique has significantly expanded the indications for its use and made it one of the main methods for the treatment of portal hypertension complications. At the same time, there are a number of limitations and unresolved issues that require further randomized controlled trials involving a large cohort of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment of severe hepatic impairment in erythropoietic protoporphyria: A case report and review of literature.","authors":"Tao Zeng, Shu-Ru Chen, Hao-Qiang Liu, Yu-Tian Chong, Xin-Hua Li","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i6.966","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i6.966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare genetic disorder stemming from ferrochelatase gene mutations, which leads to abnormal accumulation of protoporphyrin IX primarily in erythrocytes, skin, bone marrow and liver. Although porphyria-related severe liver damage is rare, its consequences can be severe with limited treatment options.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>This case study highlights a successful intervention for a 35-year-old male with EPP-related liver impairment, employing a combination of red blood cell (RBC) exchange and therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). The patient experienced significant symptom relief and a decrease in bilirubin levels following multiple PE sessions and an RBC exchange.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that this combined approach holds promise for managing severe hepatic impairment in EPP.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma: A clinicopathological update","authors":"M. Vij, Fadl H Veerankutty, A. Rammohan, Mohamed Rela","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.766","url":null,"abstract":"Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare primary liver cancer associated with an appalling prognosis. The diagnosis and management of this entity have been challenging to physicians, radiologists, surgeons, pathologists, and oncologists alike. The diagnostic and prognostic value of biomarkers such as the immunohistochemical expression of nestin, a progenitor cell marker, have been explored recently. With a better understanding of biology and the clinical course of cHCC-CCA, newer treatment modalities like immune checkpoint inhibitors are being tried to improve the survival of patients with this rare disease. In this review, we give an account of the recent developments in the pathology, diagnostic approach, and management of cHCC-CCA.","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presepsin as a biomarker of bacterial translocation and an indicator for the prescription of probiotics in cirrhosis","authors":"I. Efremova, R. Maslennikov, Elena Poluektova, O. Medvedev, Anna V Kudryavtseva, G. Krasnov, Maria Fedorova, Filipp Romanikhin, Maria Zharkova, O. Zolnikova, Gyunay Bagieva, V. Ivashkin","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.822","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 The gut–liver axis and bacterial translocation are important in cirrhosis, but there is no available universal biomarker of cellular bacterial translocation, for which presepsin may be a candidate.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To evaluate the relationship of the blood presepsin levels with the state of the gut microbiota in cirrhosis in the absence of obvious infection.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 This study included 48 patients with Child–Pugh cirrhosis classes B and C and 15 healthy controls. The fecal microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Plasma levels of presepsin were measured. A total of 22 patients received a probiotic (Saccharomyces boulardii ) for 3 months.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Presepsin levels were higher in patients with cirrhosis than in healthy individuals [342 (91-2875) vs 120 (102-141) pg/mL; P = 0.048]. Patients with elevated presepsin levels accounted for 56.3% of all included patients. They had lower levels of serum albumin and higher levels of serum total bilirubin and overall severity of cirrhosis as assessed using the Child–Pugh scale. Patients with elevated presepsin levels had an increased abundance of the main taxa responsible for bacterial translocation, namely Bacilli and Proteobacteria (including the main class Gammaproteobacteria and the minor taxa Xanthobacteraceae and Stenotrophomonas), and a low abundance of bacteria from the family Lachnospiraceae (including the minor genus Fusicatenibacter), which produce short-chain fatty acids that have a positive effect on intestinal barrier function. The presepsin level directly correlated with the relative abundance of Bacilli, Proteobacteria, and inversely correlated with the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Propionibacteriaceae. After 3 months of taking the probiotic, the severity of cirrhosis on the Child–Pugh scale decreased significantly only in the group with elevated presepsin levels [from 9 (8-11) to 7 (6-9); P = 0.004], while there were no significant changes in the group with normal presepsin levels [from 8 (7-8) to 7 (6-8); P = 0.123]. A high level of presepsin before the prescription of the probiotic was an independent predictor of a greater decrease in Child–Pugh scores (P = 0.046), as well as a higher level of the Child–Pugh scale (P = 0.042), but not the C-reactive protein level (P = 0.679) according to multivariate linear regression analysis.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 The level of presepsin directly correlates with the abundance in the gut microbiota of the main taxa that are substrates of bacterial translocation in cirrhosis. This biomarker, in the absence of obvious infection, seems important for assessing the state of the gut–liver axis in cirrhosis and deciding on therapy targeted at the gut microbiota in this disease.","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current concepts in the management of non-cirrhotic non-malignant portal vein thrombosis","authors":"Adam J Willington, Dhiraj Tripathi","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.751","url":null,"abstract":"Non-cirrhotic non-malignant portal vein thrombosis (NCPVT) is an uncommon condition characterised by thrombosis of the portal vein, with or without extension into other mesenteric veins, in the absence of cirrhosis or intra-abdominal malignancy. Complications can include intestinal infarction, variceal bleeding and portal biliopathy. In this article, we address current concepts in the management of NCPVT including identification of risk factors, classification and treatment, and review the latest evidence on medical and interventional management options.","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C virus eradication in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: Where are we now?","authors":"A. Spera, Pasquale Pagliano, Valeria Conti","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.661","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis C virus (HCV)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection still involves 2.3 million patients worldwide of the estimated 37.7 million living with HIV, according to World Health Organization. People living with HIV (PLWH) are six times greater affected by HCV, compared to HIV negative ones; the greater prevalence is encountered among people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men: the risk of HCV transmission through sexual contact in this setting can be increased by HIV infection. These patients experience a high rate of chronic hepatitis, which if left untreated progresses to end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HIV infection increases the risk of mother to child vertical transmission of HCV. No vaccination against both infections is still available. There is an interplay between HIV and HCV infections. Treatment of HCV is nowadays based on direct acting antivirals (DAAs), HCV treatment plays a key role in limiting the progression of liver disease and reducing the risk of HCC development in mono- and coinfected individuals, especially when used at an early stage of fibrosis, reducing liver disease mortality and morbidity. Since the sustained virological response at week 12 rates were observed in PLWH after HCV eradication, the AASLD has revised its simplified HCV treatment algorithm to also include individuals living with HIV. HCV eradication can determine dyslipidemia, since HCV promotes changes in serum lipid profiles and may influence lipid metabolism. In addition to these apparent detrimental effects on the lipid profile, the efficacy of DAA in HCV/HIV patients needs to be considered in light of its effects on glucose metabolism mediated by improvements in liver function. The aim of the present editorial is to describe the advancement in HCV treatment among PLWH.","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ornithine aspartate effects on bacterial composition and metabolic pathways in a rat model of steatotic liver disease","authors":"Elisa Carolina Lange, P. H. Rampelotto, Larisse Longo, Laura Bainy Rodrigues de Freitas, Carolina Uribe-Cruz, Mario Reis Alvares-da-Silva","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.832","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Studies suggest ornithine aspartate (LOLA) as drug therapy.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To analyze the influence of LOLA intake on gut microbiota using a nutritional model of MASLD.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: Control (10 rats fed with a standard diet), MASLD (10 rats fed with a high-fat and choline-deficient diet), and LOLA (10 rats receiving 200 mg/kg/d LOLA, after the 16th week receiving high-fat and choline-deficient diet). After 28 wk of the experiment, animals were euthanized, and feces present in the intestine were collected. Following fecal DNA extraction, the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified followed by sequencing in an Ion S5™ system.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Alpha and beta diversity metrics were comparable between MASLD and LOLA. 3 OTUs were differentially abundant between MASLD and LOLA, which belong to the species Helicobacter rodentium , Parabacteroides goldsteinii , and Parabacteroides distasonis . The functional prediction provided two different metabolic profiles between MASLD and LOLA. The 9 pathways differentially abundant in MASLD are related to a change in energy source, adenosine/purine nucleotides degradation as well as guanosine and adenosine deoxyribonucleotides biosynthesis. The 14 pathways differentially abundant in LOLA are associated with four major metabolic functions primarily influenced by L-aspartate, including tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways, purine/guanosine nucleotides biosynthesis, pyrimidine ribonucleotides biosynthesis and salvage as well as lipid IVA biosynthesis.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Although LOLA had no influence on alpha and beta diversity in this nutritional model of MASLD, it was associated with changes in specific gut microbes and their related metabolic pathways.","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus may predispose to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","authors":"C. Milionis, Ioannis Ilias, E. Koukkou","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.860","url":null,"abstract":"The development of type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major contributing factor to the worldwide health burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Insulin resistance, subclinical inflammation, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension are all factors in this reciprocal interaction that contribute to the development of MASLD, which includes hepatocellular carcinoma, advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A new risk factor for MASLD/NASH that affects the course of the disease independently throughout life is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Women with a history of GDM had a higher chance of developing NASH, according to a recent study that used a large-scale database. Although the precise etiology is yet unknown, temporary disruption of pancreatic beta cell activity during pregnancy may set off systemic inflammation, affecting distant organs including the liver. Early screening and management strategies are crucial in mitigating MASLD progression and preventing adverse cardiovascular events in affected individuals.","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of incretins and glucagon receptor agonists in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Opportunities and challenges.","authors":"Chencheng Xie, Naim Alkhouri, Mohamed A Elfeki","doi":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.731","DOIUrl":"10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, paralleling the rising pandemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Due to the growing global health burden and complex pathogenesis of MASLD, a multifaceted and innovative therapeutic approach is needed. Incretin receptor agonists, which were initially developed for diabetes management, have emerged as promising candidates for MASLD treatment. This review describes the pathophysiological mechanisms and action sites of three major classes of incretin/glucagon receptor agonists: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists, and glucagon receptor agonists. Incretins and glucagon directly or indirectly impact various organs, including the liver, brain, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and adipose tissue. Thus, these agents significantly improve glycemic control and weight management and mitigate MASLD pathogenesis. Importantly, this study provides a summary of clinical trials analyzing the effectiveness and safety of incretin receptor agonists in MASLD management and provides an in-depth analysis highlighting their beneficial effects on improving liver function, hepatic steatosis, and intrahepatic inflammation. There are emerging challenges associated with the use of these medications in the real world, particularly adverse events, drug-drug interactions, and barriers to access, which are discussed in detail. Additionally, this review highlights the evolving role of incretin receptor agonists in MASLD management and suggests future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23687,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11135259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141180868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}