Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii最新文献

{"title":"Technology for production of granular porous ammonium nitrate","authors":"V. G. Sozontov, I. Kravchenko, I. L. Kovalenko, Ye. I. Zubtsov, O. Berzenina","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-145-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-145-151","url":null,"abstract":"The physicochemical principles of the process were considered and a new technology for the production of granular porous ammonium nitrate was developed that is suitable for integration into the existing production of complex mineral fertilizers. The methods for preparation of porous ammonium nitrate were proposed and the effect of various additives on the strength of granules was investigated. The dependence of the sorption capacity of brand B ammonium nitrate granules, which contains 0.3–1.0% H2O, on the number of heating and cooling cycles was been studied. It was established that when the granules are heated to 1300C and cooled to 300C, the required liquid fuel sorption capacity, equal to at least 10 g/100 g, can be achieved in two heating and cooling cycles. When heating the granules to 900C and cooling to 300C, five heating and cooling cycles are required to achieve the same value of sorption capacity. The technology and the proposed flow diagram of fabricating granular porous ammonium nitrate based on the existing equipment for the production of complex mineral fertilizers was developed. The parameters of the process of obtaining a product that meets the requirements of the technical conditions were optimized. It was shown that the production of porous ammonium nitrate is possible by mixing an 82–84% solution of ammonium nitrate with phosphogypsum followed by granulation and drying in a drum granulator-dryer, classification and heat treatment of granules with a size of 1–3 mm. To obtain strong granules, sulfate-phosphate additives are introduced into the ammonium nitrate solution, the source of which is phosphogypsum, a waste product from the production of orthophosphoric acid. The suggested use of a two-section mixer for carrying out the interaction of an ammonium nitrate solution with phosphogypsum ensures the minimum mixing time of the reagents.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89931905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New spectrophotometric method for estimation of losartan potassium using Alizarin Red reagent","authors":"Asmaa H. Al-Mashadani, D. Mohammed","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-25-30","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, rapid, precise, and sensitive analytical method has been developed to identify losartan potassium in its pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms. This method involves a proton transfer between the losartan reagent and the Alizarin Red reagent in an acidic medium while standing to complete the reaction to obtain a colored product bound to the amount of losartan potassium, this product having a maximum absorption at 493 nm. A linear calibration curve was obtained over a concentration range of 1.5–12.5 gml–1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9991. The molar absorptivity was 4.522104 lmol–1cm–1, and Sandell's sensitivity index was equal to 0.010 gcm–2. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) values were 0.359 and 1.121 gml–1, respectively. The suggested approach was applied to estimate losartan potassium in the available pharmaceutical preparations (tablets). The results confirmed that the technique is successful by studying the recovery using the standard addition method.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88416437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On ways of conversion of silicon dioxide SiO2 in lithium battery systems: a review","authors":"R. Apostolova, E. Shembel’","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-4-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-4-24","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon and silicon oxide compounds SiO, SiO2, SiOx and SiOC are considered as a promising family of materials for high-energy lithium batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, widespread in nature, low cost, environmental safety and ease of synthesis. Silicon oxide compounds have replaced silicon in the hope of improving the discharge characteristics of lithium batteries. Oxides of silicon show excellent stability during cycling after structure optimization. However, they suffer from the problem of low Coulomb efficiency and high voltage hysteresis (difference in charge and discharge voltage), which prevents their practical application. Significant bulk expansion of silicon oxides during cycling and irreversible loss of capacity in the initial cycles are an obstacle to their large-scale practical use. This review pays attention to the peculiarities of the conversion of SiO2 and its hybrid compounds into the redox reaction with lithium and ways to overcome existing problems. Silicon dioxide is more resistant to bulk expansion than silicon. Various structural formats of nanometer SiO2 have been developed and tested for lithium batteries, such as nanotubes, nanorods, nanowires, nanoparticles, thin films. To solve problems in the SiO2/Li system, a number of SiO2 composites with carbon, graphene, active and inactive metals, etc. have also been proposed and studied. Analyzing the results of the studies, we found a significant role of the solid electrolyte interphase film in the efficient conversion of SiO2. In turn, the formation of a film on silicon dioxide depends on the method of synthesis of dioxide, which introduces impurities into the final synthesis product. Impurities contribute to the distortion of the solid electrolyte interphase film during the cycling of the SiO2/Li system, and the loss of discharge capacity. SiO2 dioxide obtained in a dry environment of a ball mill differs favorably from that obtained from solutions. Many efforts have been made to overcome the problems in Si-containing electrode materials, however, they have to go a certain way for large-scale practical application.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83418839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of both anionic and cationic surfactant-modified natural zeolite and its application for removal of metal-ions from aqueous medium","authors":"L. Harutyunyan, L. Tangamyan, A. V. Manukyan, R. Harutyunyan","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-31-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-31-40","url":null,"abstract":"Natural zeolite from Nor Koghb deposit (Armenia) was modified by anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate and cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; and the modified samples were used for the removal of metal-ions from aqueous medium. The surface and textural characteristics of both natural and modified zeolites were studied by nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms and FTIR methods. The specific surface area, microporous surface area, volume of macro- and microporous both for natural and surfactant-modified zeolites were determined. It was shown that the surfactant-modified zeolites are effective adsorbents for the removal of metal-ions from aqueous medium. It was established that the optimal conditions of Co2+, Ni2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, and Pb2+ metal-ions adsorption are as follows: mMe2+=50 mg/l, Vsolution=500 ml, mSMZ=0.7 g, pH=6.5, T=298 K. Under these conditions, it is possible to remove the 88.27% Co2+, 87.54% Fe2+, 81.37% Ni2+, 76.49% Cu2+, 58.79% Zn2+, 29.32% Mn 2+, 23.49% Pb2+ and 75% Cr(VI) from single-component system. In the multi-component system, the effectiveness of metal-ions removal is lower. From presented study, it is allowed that due to the low cost, industrial quantities availability of the natural Armenian zeolite and the high efficiency of their surfactant-modified samples as metal-ions removal sorbents, as well as easy and non-valuable process of modification, they can find wide application as effective adsorbents for purification of wastewaters.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74540703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iminophenol as a ligand or cation in cobalt(II and II,III) complexes: synthetic approaches, spectral and structural studies","authors":"O. Vassilyeva, V. Kokozay, B. Skelton","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-41-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-41-50","url":null,"abstract":"New complexes [H2L]2CoCl4 (І) and [CoІІCоІІІCl2L3]H2O (ІІ), where HL is a condensation product of o-vanillin and methylamine, were synthesized and characterized by IR, UV/Vis spectroscopies, and X-ray structural analysis. For the synthesis of I, cobalt (II) chloride was used as a metal source, while for II, cobalt powder and its salt were used simultaneously. In the preparation of I, the use of methylamine hydrochloride contributed to the formation of tetrachlorocobaltate(II) with the protonated Schiff base H2L+as a cation. The monovalent cations are almost planar and show the presence of intramolecular O/N–HО hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, columns of cations connected by - stacking alternate with double-row columns of tetrahedral [CoCl4]2– anions and are additionally joined by a branched system of O/N–HCl hydrogen bonds. Crystal II is built of neutral molecules CoІІСоІІІCl2L3 and uncoordinated water molecules. In the molecule, the main CoІІІL3 fragment with a metal atom in the octahedral environment of three deprotonated ligands attaches a cobalt(II) atom at the CoIICoIII distance of 3.17 Å. The cobalt(II) atom has a highly distorted five-coordinate СоІІО3Cl2 environment formed by two bridging oxygen atoms of deprotonated phenoxy groups, the O atom of the methoxy group of the ligands, and two chlorine atoms. The obtained results allow us to propose the use of the metal salt+its powder combination for the purposeful synthesis of mixed-valent complexes of metals capable of exhibiting various oxidation states. Deliberate protonation of the Schiff base can be used to prepare organic-inorganic metal halide hybrids with functionalized cations.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91158018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the method of calculating the total molar energy of cohesion to choose the most effective plasticizer","authors":"M. Kuzmenko, E. Sporyagin, O. Kuzmenko, T.G. Filinska, А.О. Filinska","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-82-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-82-89","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that products made of polar, crystallized, and high-strength polymers (polyamides, polyesters, cellulose triacetate, polyvinyl chloride, etc.) lose their initial properties that reduce reliability and durability in the process of operation and even during long-term storage due to the increase in internal stresses in them caused by crystallization processes over time. To reduce the impact of such processes on the properties of polymer products, special substances are introduced into their composition, plasticizers, the selection of which is usually carried out empirically, which is not always successful. We proposed in this study to use the ratio of the calculated total molar volumetric energy of cohesion of the compound (the cumulative interaction of interatomic and intermolecular forces in the composition of the compound) to its molecular weight as the specific mass total energy of cohesion, which can be compared with a similar indicator for a plasticizing polymer. The use of such an approach makes it possible to purposefully, even before experimental verification, evaluate the suitability of using this or that compound, oligomer, or polymer as a plasticizer (or modifier), or develop a molecular structure of a new, necessary compound with the inclusion of certain groups in its composition for the purpose of further use as a plasticizer or modifier. In addition, there is an opportunity to monitor the influence of individual structural components of a new compound, oligomer or polymer, its molecular weight, side substituents and their nature on the value of the specific mass total energy of cohesion, as well as to reduce the time for performing research works in this direction and expenses for their implementation.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78928940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direction of changes in porous structure and adsorption capacity during topochemical oxidation of coal activated by alkali","authors":"A. Redko, Yu. V. Таmarkina, A. Redko, I. Frolova, V. Кucherenko","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-127-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-127-136","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work is to evaluate the influence of topochemical oxidation (H2O2, HNO3) of carbon prepared by alkali activation of coal on porosity and ability to adsorb 4-chlorophenol (CPh), Pb(II) cations and iodine. Carbons were oxidized at the reactant/carbon ratio of 1:1 (mol/mol, 250С, 24 h). Based on nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, the volumes and specific surfaces of ultramicro- (Sumi), supermicro- (Ssmi) and other pores were evaluated. Kinetics and adsorption isotherms (250С) of CPh and Pb(II) were characterized; adsorption capacities of CPh, Pb(II) and I2 were determined. The H2O2-assisted modification was found to significantly increase Sumi (from 615 to 829 m2/g), but decrease Ssmi (from 515 to 494 m2/g). The HNO3-assisted modification slightly increases Sumi (from 615 to 651 m2/g), does not change Ssmi, but forms mesopores. The CPh adsorption is best approximated by the second-order kinetics, and isotherms are well fitted with the use of the Langmuir model. The H2O2 treatment increases the CPh capacity from 314 to 389 mg/g; and the НNO3 modification significantly decreases the CPh capacity (to 189 mg/g). Modifications reduce the iodine capacity by 1.11 times (H2O2) and 2.33 times (HNO3). The Pb(II) absorption was established to describe by the second-order kinetics equation; the adsorption isotherms obey Langmuir (R20.986) and Freundlich (R20.984) models. The Pb(II) capacity slightly increases after H2O2-assisted modification (from 87 to 95 mg/g), but increases sharply (from 87 to 298 mg/g) after HNO3-assisted treatment because of significant increasing OH-acidic groups concentration.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82428257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dispersion liquid microextraction of fluoroquinolones","authors":"I. Kushchenko, M. Zui","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-90-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-90-98","url":null,"abstract":"The dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method of norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin with chromatographic detection was developed. The optimization of dispersive microextraction was carried out, and the optimal parameters were determined as follows: 5 ml of aqueous solution; 70 l of chloroform; 500 l of isopropanol; extraction time of 5 min; centrifugation time of 5 min; and pH 7.0–9.0. The concentration range was 4.0–100 g/ml, and the limit of detection was not exceeded 1.5 g/ml. The microextraction method was tested on mineral water samples by the standard addition method. The obtained results indicate sufficient accuracy and reproducibility of the developed method. The relative standard deviation does not exceed 2%.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75439411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggregate technology for processing uranium-phosphorite ore","authors":"A. Mukhachev, V.G. V.G. Nefedov, D. Yelatontsev","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-117-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-117-126","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes an aggregate technology for extraction of uranium and related rare earth elements, scandium and phosphorus from uranium-phosphorite ores with the recycling of spent reagents for the production of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers. It is shown that increasing the fraction of nitric acid in the mixture with sulfuric acid (melange) for leaching uranium to 100% increases the extraction of all valuable elements up to 95–98%. Optimal parameters (hydro module, duration and acidity) of the raw material processing have been determined. Reducing the content of sulfuric acid in melange to 15% reduces the yield of gypsum with the content of radionuclides of natural origin, which must be buried. The isolation of uranium, thorium, rare earth elements, scandium and radioactive isotopes (Ra, Po, Ac, Pb) is carried out by chemical precipitation using iron in the form of cast iron chips. As a result of processing, a nitrate-phosphate solution purified from radioactive elements and impurities is formed, based on which a complex nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer \"Nitrofos\" is fabricated.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75311099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the effect of silicate fillers on the structural and rheological properties of acrylic dispersions","authors":"N. Saienko, R.O. Bikov, D. Demidov, A. Skripinets, T. M. Obizhenko","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-137-144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-147-2-137-144","url":null,"abstract":"This work reports the rheological properties of an acrylic aqueous dispersion filled with hollow aluminosilicate microspheres and highly dispersed amorphous silicon dioxide studied by using rotational viscometry. It was established that an increase in the degree of filling with hollow microspheres leads to a significant increase in the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion, which results in technological difficulties when applying coatings to the surface. The introduction of a small amount of silicon dioxide additive leads to a decrease in the structural strength and effective viscosity of the aqueous dispersion of the acrylic copolymer, which allows significantly reducing the viscosity and regulating the rheological characteristics of highly filled systems, which is decisive in the technology of their application. The combination of such fillers as silicon dioxide and hollow aluminosilicate microspheres in an aqueous dispersion of an acrylic copolymer allows simultaneously reaching a number of positive phenomena: a reduction in the viscosity of the material during application (without dilution) due to the use of high shear rates and an increase in the rate of dispersion structuring after application, and also allows achieving sedimentation resistance during storage and transportation.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90720613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}