Vision Research最新文献_第4页

The contributions of pictorial, motion, and binocular cues to the perception of depth and distance 图像、运动和双眼线索对深度和距离感知的贡献

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108653

Paul B. Hibbard , Jordi M. Asher , Rebecca L. Hornsey

{"title":"The contributions of pictorial, motion, and binocular cues to the perception of depth and distance","authors":"Paul B. Hibbard , Jordi M. Asher , Rebecca L. Hornsey","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiple visual cues are available for the estimation of distance. According to the modified weak fusion model, the information from these cues is combined through weighted averaging, with the weights determined by the relative reliability of each cue. Empirical tests of this model tend to isolate a small number of cues, in order for their reliabilities to be manipulated. Weights measured in this way are specific to the testing environment, and do not allow us to quantify the contributions of individual cues in natural viewing. To address this, we used estimates from the literature of sensitivity for a wide range of distance cues to predict the contribution of pictorial, binocular, and motion cues to relative distance. The cues assessed included convergence, accommodation, height in the field, texture density, relative size, height in the field, binocular disparity, and motion (assuming a walking observer). We used the modified weak fusion model to estimate the contribution of binocular, motion, and pictorial cues for distances between 2 and 100 m. These calculations provide estimates of the expected contributions of individual depth cues in everyday viewing conditions. In most cases, our results show a clear benefit for the weighted averaging of cues in the natural environment, in comparison with the use of the most reliable cue alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ocular vergences measurement in virtual reality: A pilot study 虚拟现实中的眼辐角测量：一项初步研究

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108658

F. Monier , L. Hertel , S. Droit-Volet , P. Chausse

{"title":"Ocular vergences measurement in virtual reality: A pilot study","authors":"F. Monier , L. Hertel , S. Droit-Volet , P. Chausse","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigated the value of using virtual reality to evaluate ocular vergence performance. We used a virtual reality device with an integrated eye-tracking system to create virtual environments that simulated far and near vision conditions and assessed ocular movements. We compared the maximum angular deviation compensated by the visual system or the vergence scores of the participants in the virtual environments with the vergence scores obtained with a prism in real environment, i.e. with the technique usually used for clinical assessments. We also compared a simple virtual environment with a complex virtual environment by creating landscapes. The vergence scores obtained for divergence and convergence with the virtual reality device were very similar to those obtained using prisms. This suggests that the virtual environments efficiently stimulated vision conditions in 3 dimensions. Our results also support the idea that modulating the angular deviation of the projected image in the virtual reality headset is a satisfactory way of inducing ocular vergences. The amplitudes of fusion were better in the virtual conditions, suggesting that the controlled virtual environments provided better conditions for measuring vergence movements. Furthermore, the virtual reality device induced a better amplitude of fusion in participants with high convergence abilities by preventing the underestimation of divergence abilities in these participants. This last result suggests that this type of virtual reality mechanism could be helpful in the future for remediating vergences-related disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108658"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grouping strategies in induced perceptual grouping 诱导知觉分组中的分组策略

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108651

Maria Kon , Gregory Francis

{"title":"Grouping strategies in induced perceptual grouping","authors":"Maria Kon , Gregory Francis","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Induced grouping refers to the influence of a perceived group of elements on the grouping of another set of elements that cannot be explained by other grouping principles. Vickery (2008) first highlighted this phenomenon and, despite convincing demonstrations of this principle, seems to be the only direct study. Here we report two successful large sample replications of one of Vickery’s experiments. We also explain Vickery’s results with a cortical model of visual grouping and selection. We extended a previous model, so that it performs a feature-based search of an image for a target. We show that induced grouping effects are the result of a connection strategy that links together target pairs in a visual search task combined with a selection strategy that tends to place a selection signal at locations close to the target pair features. These strategies interact because the connection strategy that links target pairs also sometimes links inducing elements, thereby influencing the selection signal location. The model extension plays a key role in explaining this phenomenon and enables the model to simulate other tasks, like visual search, where the observer uses a dynamic and feature-guided selection process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108651"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Including the nonlinear response of neurons to improve the prediction of visual acuity across levels of contrast, luminance, and blur 包括神经元的非线性响应，以提高对对比度，亮度和模糊水平的视觉敏锐度的预测

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108652

Charles-Edouard Leroux, Christophe Fontvieille, Fabrice Bardin

{"title":"Including the nonlinear response of neurons to improve the prediction of visual acuity across levels of contrast, luminance, and blur","authors":"Charles-Edouard Leroux, Christophe Fontvieille, Fabrice Bardin","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a theoretical model that predicts visual acuity changes over extended ranges of stimulus contrast, luminance, and optical blur. We highlight the significance of neuronal response nonlinearity to optical contrast in achieving model agreement with experimental data. The model operates by computing, for each experimental condition, a parameter termed <em>data separability</em> within the framework of statistical decision theory. We assume a theoretical model observer that utilizes sharp image templates for optotype identification, consistent with our previous work for small (<span><math><mrow><mo><</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></math></span> D) optical aberrations (Leroux et al., 2024). The model incorporates the nonlinear response of visual neurons to contrast stimuli in the simulation of visual images. We digitalized measurements from Johnson and Casson (1995), who studied the combined effects of stimulus contrast (6 to 97%), luminance (0.075 to 75 cd/m<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>), and blur (0 to 8 D positive lens), and compared our model’s predictions to their data. The model achieved an overall root-mean-square residual of 0.048 logMAR for measurements spanning 1.73 logMAR. Accounting for nonlinearity proved critical in predicting acuity across these extended ranges of experimental conditions. This approach may also be necessary for modeling acuity under non-standard experimental conditions and/or for subjects with pathologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144351533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Receptive fields of retinal neurons: New themes and variations 视网膜神经元的接受野：新的主题和变化

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108654

Anna L. Vlasits

引用次数: 0

CNN-extracted features generate synthetic fMRI responses to unseen images cnn提取的特征生成对未见图像的合成fMRI响应

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108641

Parsa Delavari , Leonid Sigal , Ipek Oruc

{"title":"CNN-extracted features generate synthetic fMRI responses to unseen images","authors":"Parsa Delavari , Leonid Sigal , Ipek Oruc","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inspired by biological vision, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have tackled challenging image recognition problems once considered the sole purview of human expertise. In turn, CNNs are now widely used as a framework for studying human vision. The organizational similarity between the layers of CNNs and cortical regions along the visual pathway has been shown in studies using human fMRI data, such that early visual areas’ activities are better predicted by the first layers of CNNs while their last layers better predict the response of higher-level visual areas. However, there is a lack of agreement on how well CNN features can predict fMRI responses, particularly in the presence of fMRI noise, which can result in varying brain responses to the repetitions of the same image. Additionally, the utility of these predicted responses to previously unseen images as synthetic fMRI data has not yet been explored. Here we use the BOLD5000 dataset and the AlexNet architecture initialized with the model weights pre-trained on ImageNet to show that features extracted by CNNs can g enerate highly accurate synthetic fMRI responses to images. We demonstrate that synthetic fMRI responses show higher correlations with repetitions of real responses than the real responses themselves, surpassing the quality of real data in the presence of noise. Moreover, we train a decoder with synthetic fMRI data to classify real fMRI data for unseen images and even unseen object categories. Our decoding experiments revealed that the synthetic data outperformed real data, particularly due to the ability to generate larger synthetic datasets. Our findings showcase the high quality of generated synthetic fMRI responses to images based on CNN features, exhibiting both similarities to real data and practical utility in empirical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108641"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atropine restores retinal glutamate / γ-aminobutyric acid levels in vitro in an experimental chick model of myopia 阿托品在离体实验鸡近视模型中恢复视网膜谷氨酸/ γ-氨基丁酸水平

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108656

Jordan T Lloyd , Andrew V. Collins , John R Phillips , Monica L. Acosta

{"title":"Atropine restores retinal glutamate / γ-aminobutyric acid levels in vitro in an experimental chick model of myopia","authors":"Jordan T Lloyd , Andrew V. Collins , John R Phillips , Monica L. Acosta","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atropine is widely used to slow childhood myopia progression, but its mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. This study investigated atropine’s effects on retinal neurochemistry in a chick model of form-deprivation myopia (FDM). Myopia was induced in chicks via monocular FDM. Retinas from FDM and contralateral normal eyes were enucleated, bisected and six retinal samples per group were incubated for 60 min in vitro in either 1.8 mM atropine or normal physiological buffer. Samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde for neurotransmitter detection using silver-intensified immunogold labelling. In a separate experiment, the incubation procedure of FDM and normal eyes was repeated and tissues were fixed in formaldehyde to examine dopaminergic neurons using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunofluorescence.</div><div>No significant changes in TH immunolabelling were observed between groups. However, myopia reduced glutamate levels by 43% compared to controls, with altered glutamate distribution in the inner retina. Bipolar cells in myopic eyes also showed a 57% decrease in glutamine levels. Within 60 min, atropine treatment restored both glutamate and glutamine levels toward normal levels. The most noteworthy changes to gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) was a 62% reduction observed in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) between normal and myopic retinas. Following atropine treatment, there was a further decrease in (GABA) levels in OPL and horizontal cells.</div><div>These findings suggest that one immediate effect of atropine treatment is to restore the balance of neurotransmitters that are disrupted in myopia, elevating glutamate while reducing GABA. This neurotransmitter modulation may contribute to atropine’s therapeutic effects in myopia control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108656"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Auditory discomfort and visual sensitivity 听觉不适和视觉敏感

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108655

Sarah M. Haigh, Jasmine A. Haggerty, Aimee Delgado

{"title":"Auditory discomfort and visual sensitivity","authors":"Sarah M. Haigh, Jasmine A. Haggerty, Aimee Delgado","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The field of visual discomfort is fast growing, identifying parameters of visual stimuli that evoke discomfort, their effect on the visual system, and their heightened impact in clinical populations. In contrast, there is little work on auditory discomfort. First, we reviewed the current findings in the field of auditory discomfort and report a preliminary study investigating the effects of uncomfortable sounds on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) responses from auditory cortex. Nine participants listened to pure 1 kHz tones that were modulated by a 2 Hz or a 16 Hz sinusoidal wave that made the tone sound as though it wobbled. The oxyhaemoglobin response to the uncomfortable 16 Hz sound was larger and slower compared to the relatively more comfortable 2 Hz sound. This suggests cortical excitability to uncomfortable sounds, similar to the heightened response reported in the visual modality. Second, we assessed the relationship between visual and auditory sensitivity in a large sample (N = 669) of participants who completed the Pattern Glare Test (PGT), the Amsterdam Misophonia Scale, the Hyperacusis Questionnaire, and the Functional Hearing Questionnaire (FHQ). While all measures of auditory sensitivity were significantly correlated with the number of illusions seen in the PGT (.1 > <em>r<sub>s</sub></em> < 0.3), the relationship with misophonia was significantly weaker than other comparisons. This highlights that while those who are visually sensitive are more likely to exhibit increased auditory sensitivity, the measures that focus on pain (PGT, hyperacusis, FHQ) may be dissociable from those that rely on emotive discomfort (misophonia). Together, this suggests similar mechanisms underlying auditory and visual discomfort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108655"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The subtypes of visual hypersensitivity are transdiagnostic across neurodivergence, neurology and mental health 视觉超敏症的亚型在神经分化、神经学和心理健康方面是跨诊断的

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108640

Alice Price, Petroc Sumner, Georgina Powell

{"title":"The subtypes of visual hypersensitivity are transdiagnostic across neurodivergence, neurology and mental health","authors":"Alice Price, Petroc Sumner, Georgina Powell","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many areas of neurodivergence are associated with heightened sensitivity, discomfort, and aversion to certain visual stimuli (e.g., bright lights, patterns, movement, flicker, complex scenes). This hypersensitivity also associates with mental health and some areas of neurology. However, it remains unclear whether this is a transdiagnostic phenomenon, implying a common underlying mechanism of shared vulnerability, or whether the forms of visual discomfort differ instructively across the wide range of associated conditions and areas of neurodivergence. We compared the four recently clarified subtypes of visual hypersensitivity (Brightness, Pattern, Strobing, Intense Visual Environments) self-reported by 2582 participants across 11 areas of neurodivergence, neurology, and mental health: Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Fibromyalgia, Migraine, PPPD, synaesthesia, Distress, Eating Pathology, and Fear (HiTOP System). Enhanced sensitivity in all four factors was reported for every area. Sensitivity to Intense Visual Environments was especially pronounced across Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia, and Dyspraxia, forming a shared pattern. The same pattern was shared with fibromyalgia and PPPD, and to some extent with Eating Pathology and Fear, while migraine and synaesthesia showed a different pattern. Regression analyses controlling for comorbidities showed significant unique prediction by 9 out of 11 neurodivergence/condition labels, the strongest predictors being autism, fibromyalgia, migraine, and PPPD. In conclusion, the four factors of visual hypersensitivity are all transdiagnostic, and the relative emphasis on each factor also forms transdiagnostic patterns that transcend traditional discipline boundaries. This implies there are common underlying vulnerabilities in the development of perceptual systems that can be associated with a wide range of other symptomologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108640"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human trichromacy and refractive development 人类的三色和屈光发育

IF 1.5 4区心理学

Vision Research Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108632

Timothy J. Gawne , Zhihui She , Safal Khanal

{"title":"Human trichromacy and refractive development","authors":"Timothy J. Gawne , Zhihui She , Safal Khanal","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the post-natal developing eye, there is an active process of refractive development in which the neural retina uses optical cues to evaluate focus, and adjusts the rate of axial elongation to first achieve, and then actively maintain as the optics continue to mature, sharp focus: the process of <em>emmetropization</em>. Increasingly it looks as if chromatic cues are essential (if not exclusive) for this process.</div><div>Nearly all non-primate mammals are dichromats, with short- and relatively long-wavelength sensitive cones. However, most humans are trichromats, with short-, medium-, and long-wavelength sensitive cones—although many humans are dichromats like non-primate mammals (“red-green color blind”). This leads to two related questions: is trichromacy important for human emmetropization, and do experimental results from dichromatic mammals apply to humans?</div><div>The issue is far from settled, but the available evidence indicates that emmetropization in humans is likely functionally dichromatic similar to that of other mammals, with the medium- and long-wavelength sensitive cones effectively pooled into a single functional “long” cone. In support of this, human dichromats generally emmetropize as well as human trichromats, and they also become myopic to a <em>roughly</em> similar proportion. Trichromacy does not appear to be of fundamental importance for refractive development in humans. While there is some evidence that dichromats might be <em>slightly</em> less susceptible to becoming myopic than human trichromats, the data are inconclusive. Further studies on this topic may lead to an improved understanding of why emmetropization increasingly fails leading to myopia development in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0