Veterinary Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Outcome of arthroscopic debridement for the treatment of incomplete third carpal bone slab fractures in racehorses.","authors":"Miriam R Garcia-Collao, Alexandra L Curtiss, Patricia M Hogan","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the outcomes of arthroscopic debridement of third carpal bone (C3) incomplete slab fractures (ISF) in racehorses.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective case study.</p><p><strong>Sample population: </strong>Horses undergoing arthroscopic debridement of ISF of C3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of horses surgically treated for ISF of C3 were reviewed. Age, sex, breed, limb, fracture configuration, preoperative radiographs, arthroscopic findings, postoperative intraarticular therapies, and exercise recommendations were recorded. Racing performance was obtained from online databases. Univariable analyses were used to determine associations between independent variables and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 33 horses fit the criteria. There were 19 Thoroughbreds and 14 Standardbreds. The postoperative racing rate was 66.7% (22/33 horses). There was no statistically significant difference in outcome between dorsal and sagittal fractures or breeds. There were no significant differences in earnings per start or total earnings before and after surgery. Several horses showed an increase in racing frequency and an increase in earnings post-injury. Most horses, 81.8% (27/33), had at least one career start prior to undergoing surgery. The median convalescent period was 247.1 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early diagnosis and subsequent arthroscopic debridement of C3 ISF was a viable treatment approach with a favorable prognosis for racing postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Early detection and arthroscopic debridement of ISF before progression to a complete slab fracture and/or subsequent osteoarthritis of the joint could improve athletic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autologous, free omentum grafts for large, open, distal limb wounds in dogs: Technique and outcome in 10 dogs.","authors":"Jason G Makar, Wendy I Baltzer","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the operative technique and outcome of free autologous omentum grafting (OG) for wound reconstruction on the distal limbs of dogs.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective case series.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 10 client-owned dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records (2010-2023) were searched for dogs with open limb wounds distal to the stifle or elbow treated with OG for wound reconstruction. OG was harvested via celiotomy, then sutured to the wound bed and 0.4-1 cm subcutaneous tissue beneath surrounding dermis. Wounds were bandaged using a petroleum-coated primary layer to prevent graft desiccation for 1-2 weeks. Using ImageJ software, wound area and final unhaired scar area were analyzed and time to epithelialization, major and minor complications, and length of follow up were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dogs with a mean age of 6.9 ± 4.2 years were identified with wounds (n = 13 wounds) measuring 25.96 ± 16.27 cm² at the time of OG. Wounds were healed in 59.5 ± 11.1 days. Minor complications included infection and swelling/discharge in two and 10 dogs, respectively. There were no major complications. By 30-days postoperatively, wounds were 18.85 ± 0.1% of the original size. All wounds healed with complete epithelialization, excellent cosmesis, no lameness and partial to complete hair regrowth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OG may provide an alternative method for management of distal limb wounds in dogs, with minimal complications, excellent cosmesis and functional outcomes in 10 dogs.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Free OG may offer an alternative method of wound management in dogs; however, further research with controlled prospective studies is indicated before recommending the method over other treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous decompression treatment of unicameral bone cyst in a small-breed dog: A case report.","authors":"Eun-Sun Lee, Sun-Young Kim, Jong-In Kim, Su-Hyung Lee, Hun-Young Yoon","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report the long-term outcomes of continuous decompression for repairing a unicameral bone cyst in a dog.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Case report.</p><p><strong>Animal: </strong>A 1-year-old Maltese-Poodle mixed breed dog presented with left forelimb lameness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A well-defined cyst in the left humeral condyle was detected on radiography and computed tomography. A lateral surgical approach revealed the cyst in the distal metaphysis of the left humerus. The attained cyst fluid and incisional biopsy led to the diagnosis of unicameral bone cyst. To prevent cyst expansion and recurrence, aspiration, open curettage, ethanol cauterization, and continuous decompression using introducer needles were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dog recovered from surgery, and a Robert Jones bandage was retained for 2 weeks. The follow-up at 1 month showed resolution of lameness. At 12 months post-surgery, radiographs revealed increased cortical thickness and no recurrence of the cyst or lameness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Continuous decompression using introducer needles could be used to repair unicameral bone cysts. Small diameter introducer needles were especially useful, as the lesion was located at the joint. The procedures described in this report could be applied before other salvage procedures to promote healing and prevent recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral spine in neutral and flexed position for presurgical assessment of clinically affected dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis.","authors":"Irenka Baldo Clemot, Chiara Briola, Abel B Ekiri, Rodolfo Cappello, Riata Marinelly, Josep Brocal, Alice Prodger, Lorenzo Mari","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare diagnostic findings in neutral and flexed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lumbosacral joint (LSJ) performed for presurgical assessment in dogs with clinically suspected, diagnostically confirmed degenerative lumbosacral stenosis (DLSS), and to assess if these findings support the need for decompressive dorsal laminectomy/partial discectomy and/or foraminotomy in combination with distraction-stabilization techniques.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective, comparative study.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 24 dogs with clinically suspected, MRI-confirmed DLSS that underwent dynamic LSJ imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records and MRI findings of included cases from three referral hospitals were reviewed. Quantitative and qualitative assessments of the LSJ (LSJ angle, protrusion ratios, degree of intervertebral disc [IVD] protrusion, ventral bulging of the ligamentum flavum [VBLF], foraminal compression) were compared in neutral and flexed positions. Their correlations with the degree of IVD degeneration or spondylosis was evaluated. Interindividual agreement was assessed among three observers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Degree of IVD protrusion, foraminal stenosis, VBLF, and protrusion ratios, were significantly reduced in flexion compared with neutral position (p < .001 for all comparisons). No dogs had persistent compression of the cauda equina or completely occluded foramina in flexion. The response of IVD protrusion to flexion was significantly directly correlated to the degree of IVD degeneration (p = .004), but not of spondylosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In flexed position, IVD protrusions, VBLF and foraminal stenoses improved in all cases, with resolution of all compression sites.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>With LSJ distraction-stabilization techniques, the need for concurrent decompressive dorsal laminectomy/partial discectomy or foraminotomy should be questioned, unless performed for IVD-spacer placement. Surgical case-control studies are required to investigate this further.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and incidence rate of infection after partial tarsal arthrodesis in 89 dogs.","authors":"Erik Brudevold-Iversen, Tim Pearson, Giselle Hosgood, Lucas Beierer","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To document the prevalence and incidence rate of infection in dogs undergoing partial tarsal arthrodesis (PTA). For context, findings were compared with the prevalence of infection following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) at the same institution. Independent variables associated with infection were also identified.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Case-control study.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Eighty-nine dogs underwent PTA; 292 dogs underwent TPLO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records for dogs that underwent PTA from 2017 to 2023 and dogs that underwent TPLO between January 2022 and December 2022 were reviewed. The prevalence, incidence rate, odds and incidence rate ratio of infection were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of infection following PTA was 43%; following TPLO it was 13%. The incidence rate of infection was 0.00276 (95% CI: 0.00198-0.00375) and 0.00010 (95% CI: 0.00007-0.00013) infections per dog-week, respectively. The odds ratio and incidence rate ratio for infection following PTA were 5.0 (95% CI: 3.1-9.0) and 28.2 (95% CI: 17.7-45.0), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence and incidence rate of infection were higher following PTA than TPLO. Dogs that underwent PTA were five times more likely to develop infection than dogs that underwent TPLO, and developed infection at 28 times the rate of dogs that underwent TPLO. Dogs with open wounds, no postoperative bandage, and treated with a combined medial and lateral approach, had a higher point prevalence of infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traumatic elbow luxation in cats: A cadaveric study on the role of collateral and olecranon ligaments in joint stability.","authors":"Martin Hamon, Pradeep R Malreddy, Andrew K Curtis, Pierre P Picavet","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the role of each part of the collateral ligaments and the olecranon ligament in traumatic elbow luxation pathophysiology in cats.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Feline cadaveric study.</p><p><strong>Sample population: </strong>A total of 15 cats and 30 thoracic limbs tested.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Attempts were made to manually luxate (laterally, medially, and caudally) each elbow after sequential section of each part of the medial collateral ligament, the lateral collateral ligament, and the olecranon ligament by direct and indirect forces applied to the antebrachium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No elbow luxation occurred with indirectly applied rotational forces. Luxation was only possible with direct forces applied to the antebrachium (axial compression and varus/valgus/caudal forces). Lateral elbow luxation was possible after transection of medial and lateral collateral ligaments or after transection of olecranon and medial collateral ligaments. Medial luxation was possible after transection of olecranon and lateral collateral ligaments. Caudal luxation was possible with transection of olecranon and lateral collateral ligaments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Various combinations of ruptured ligaments can account for lateral, medial, and caudal luxations of the elbow. The olecranon ligament plays a major role in elbow stability.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Traumatic elbow luxation in cats can happen with only one collateral ligament rupture, if the olecranon is concurrently severed. The integrity of each ligament should be assessed before any repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ex vivo comparative evaluation of feline hilar lung lobectomy using linear stapler, pretied ligature loop, and double-shank titanium clips.","authors":"Kadi Ritson, Juan Jose Camarasa, Maria Gregorio, Rosario Vallefuoco","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the seal performance of a linear vascular stapler, pretied ligature loop (PLL), and double-shank (DS) titanium clip for total lung lobectomy in a feline cadaveric model under physiologic and supraphysiologic airway pressures.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Ex vivo experimental randomized study.</p><p><strong>Sample population: </strong>Thirty cadaveric feline lung lobes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty lung lobes from five fresh feline cadavers, humanely euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study, were randomized into three groups to undergo hilar lung lobectomy using a linear vascular stapler, PLL, or DS titanium clips. After lobectomy, each bronchial stump was submerged in water, and the peak inspiratory airway pressure was increased up to 40 cm H₂O. Bursting pressure was compared across the techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No air leaks were observed in the PLL or DS titanium clip groups. One bronchial stump (1/10) in the linear vascular stapler group leaked at the supraphysiologic pressure of 40 cm H₂O. There was no difference in leakage incidence among the groups (p = .33).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Linear vascular stapler, PLL, or DS titanium clips were comparable and effective devices for sealing the hilar lung lobectomy site at physiologic and supraphysiologic airway pressure in feline cadavers. The PLL and DS titanium clips were relatively easy to use, required less working space, and may represent an equally effective and more cost-efficient alternative to traditional stapling devices in open and minimally invasive feline pulmonary lobectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short- and long-term survival, complications, return to racing, and racing performance of 150 racehorses with medial condylar fractures of the third metacarpal/metatarsal bone treated by internal fixation (2000-2020).","authors":"Bianca D Ruspi, Larry R Bramlage, Alan J Ruggles, Stacey A Slone","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report the rate of survival, rate of return to racing, and quality of racing performance following surgical fixation of medial condylar fractures.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective study.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 150 Thoroughbred and Standardbred racehorses surgically treated for medial condylar fracture (100 lag screw fixation, 50 plate fixation).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records, radiographs, and racing databases (2000-2020) were reviewed to collect signalment, fracture characteristics, fixation methods, survival rate, and complication rate. Change in racing performance was assessed using Wilcoxon rank sum tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The short-term survival, long-term survival, and complication rates were 98.7% (148/150), 93.3% (140/150), 12.0% (18/150), respectively. Four horses died of fatal complications, four died from unknown causes, and two were lost to follow up. The prognosis for returning to racing was 71.3% (107/150) (80/100, 80.0% for lag screw fixation; 27/39, 69.2% for plate fixation with plate removal). Post-injury total number of races increased (lag screw fixation) (p < .001) or did not change (plate fixation) (p = .320); post-injury total earnings, average earnings/race, and average speed figure did not change for either fixation type. Additionally, 78.0% of horses increased or maintained their highest race class. Horses with spiral fractures were less likely to return to racing than those with sagittal fractures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Survival rate was excellent and the rate of returning to racing was favorable, with no decline in performance following injury.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Owners can expect horses to return to racing in most cases and perform as successfully as they did prior to fracture.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes of 10 dogs weighing less than 4 kg after Zurich mini-cementless total hip arthroplasty.","authors":"Taro Kimura, Jyunya Ogawa, Shiho Tanaka, Kazuki Sawano, Yuko Kadooka","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the long-term clinical outcomes of mini-cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) for treating various hip joint disorders in dogs weighing <4 kg.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective, single-center, consecutive case series.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 10 dogs from various breeds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records from 2022 to 2024 were reviewed for dogs weighing <4 kg with coxofemoral disease that was characterized by degenerative changes and treated with THA using the Zurich cementless total hip mini system (Z-THR mini system). Data collected included findings from follow-up orthopedic examinations and radiography performed at 0, 3, 6, and 52 weeks postoperatively and an owner questionnaire (Helsinki Chronic Pain Index [HCPI]) administered preoperatively and at 52 weeks postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10 THA procedures, nine of which were completed, were performed in eight dogs. Nine THA procedures were considered successful, with no evidence of lameness or decreasing HCPI at the 52-week follow-up. In one case, a cup could not be placed; therefore, THA was not completed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>THA using Z-THR mini resulted in clinically favorable long-term outcomes in dogs weighing <4 kg, based on this study.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Although femoral head and neck ostectomy is the most commonly used procedure for severe hip disease, particularly in small dogs, our results suggest that THA can be an acceptable alternative to femoral head and neck ostectomy (FHNE), even in dogs weighing less than 4 kg.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axillary lymph node removal for staging cancer; description of a lateral approach and application in 44 tumor-bearing dogs.","authors":"Nadine Schneider, Nicholas Bacon, Laurent Findji, Jonathan Bray","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe a lateral approach for axillary lymph node (ALN) extirpation and evaluate complications in dogs with local malignant tumors.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective study.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 44 dogs diagnosed with local malignancies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records (January 2021-July 2024) were reviewed for dogs undergoing ALN removal, with or without primary tumor excision, at a single referral hospital. Surgical techniques and anatomical landmarks were described. Data collected included patient demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical details, and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Axillary lymph node removal was performed successfully in 44 dogs (48 ALNs). Key anatomical landmarks included the costochondral junction of the first rib and the caudal scapular edge. Mean bodyweight was 22.9 kg (range: 5.5-49.8 kg). Average surgical time for combined ALN and tumor removal (n = 28) was 112 min (range: 29-220 min), while ALN-specific dissection time (n = 7; 9 ALNs) averaged 16.6 min (range: 14-35 min). No intraoperative complications, such as hemorrhage or inability to locate the LN, were observed. Postoperative complications included seromas (n = 2), wound dehiscence (n = 4), discomfort (n = 1), and significant lameness (n = 1), with a mean follow-up of 147 days (range: 13-588 days).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This lateral approach provided a reliable and reproducible method for ALN extirpation in dogs, using consistent anatomical landmarks to minimize dissection time and surgical trauma.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This approach allows consistent ALN removal with reduced soft tissue dissection and without reliance on any intraoperative guidance techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}