Luca Ciammaichella, Jessica Campanerut, Luciano Pisoni, Veronica Cola, Stefano Zanardi, Armando Foglia, Chiara Ferrari, Dina Guerra, Laura Marconato, Sara Del Magno
{"title":"恶性肿瘤犬内侧咽后、腋窝及髂骶淋巴结切除术的并发症127例。","authors":"Luca Ciammaichella, Jessica Campanerut, Luciano Pisoni, Veronica Cola, Stefano Zanardi, Armando Foglia, Chiara Ferrari, Dina Guerra, Laura Marconato, Sara Del Magno","doi":"10.1111/vsu.70003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the complications of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy in dogs with malignant tumors, and to identify possible risk factors.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 140 surgical accesses (86 axillary, 27 ilio-sacral, 27 retropharyngeal) in 127 dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dogs with cutaneous/subcutaneous cancer undergoing staging, lymph node (LN) mapping and extirpation of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and/or ilio-sacral LNs, with a minimum follow-up of 1 month, were included. Retrieved information included signalment, tumor histotype, LN characteristics, excision of contiguous LNs, anesthesia duration, intra- and postoperative complications. Data were statistically analyzed to identify risk factors for complication development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intraoperative complications were registered in 3/140 (2%) procedures, including hemorrhage during medial iliac lymphadenectomy (2/27, 7%) and difficulty locating the axillary LN (1/86, 1%). Postoperative complications occurred in 32/140 (23%) cases, with rates of 41% (11/27) following ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy, 26% (7/27) after medial retropharyngeal lymphadenectomy, and 16% (14/86) following axillary lymphadenectomy. Ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy presented a higher risk of intraoperative (p = .033) and postoperative complications (p = .020). Enlarged (p = .030) or metastatic (p = .030) LNs were more prone to develop intraoperative complications. No risk factor retained significance on multivariate analysis. Median follow-up, conducted through physical examination, was 225 days (range, 30-1735).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Medial retropharyngeal and axillary lymphadenectomies were generally safe, associated with minor and easily manageable complications. Conversely, ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy carried a higher risk of intraoperative complications, particularly in cases with enlarged LNs, and postoperative complications, potentially related to the caudal laparotomic approach.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Lymphadenectomies of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymph nodes present relatively low complication rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"1463-1476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Complications of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy in 127 dogs with malignant tumors.\",\"authors\":\"Luca Ciammaichella, Jessica Campanerut, Luciano Pisoni, Veronica Cola, Stefano Zanardi, Armando Foglia, Chiara Ferrari, Dina Guerra, Laura Marconato, Sara Del Magno\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/vsu.70003\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the complications of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy in dogs with malignant tumors, and to identify possible risk factors.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A total of 140 surgical accesses (86 axillary, 27 ilio-sacral, 27 retropharyngeal) in 127 dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dogs with cutaneous/subcutaneous cancer undergoing staging, lymph node (LN) mapping and extirpation of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and/or ilio-sacral LNs, with a minimum follow-up of 1 month, were included. Retrieved information included signalment, tumor histotype, LN characteristics, excision of contiguous LNs, anesthesia duration, intra- and postoperative complications. Data were statistically analyzed to identify risk factors for complication development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intraoperative complications were registered in 3/140 (2%) procedures, including hemorrhage during medial iliac lymphadenectomy (2/27, 7%) and difficulty locating the axillary LN (1/86, 1%). Postoperative complications occurred in 32/140 (23%) cases, with rates of 41% (11/27) following ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy, 26% (7/27) after medial retropharyngeal lymphadenectomy, and 16% (14/86) following axillary lymphadenectomy. Ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy presented a higher risk of intraoperative (p = .033) and postoperative complications (p = .020). Enlarged (p = .030) or metastatic (p = .030) LNs were more prone to develop intraoperative complications. No risk factor retained significance on multivariate analysis. Median follow-up, conducted through physical examination, was 225 days (range, 30-1735).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Medial retropharyngeal and axillary lymphadenectomies were generally safe, associated with minor and easily manageable complications. Conversely, ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy carried a higher risk of intraoperative complications, particularly in cases with enlarged LNs, and postoperative complications, potentially related to the caudal laparotomic approach.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Lymphadenectomies of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymph nodes present relatively low complication rates.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23667,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Veterinary Surgery\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1463-1476\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Veterinary Surgery\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.70003\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/8/18 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"VETERINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Veterinary Surgery","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.70003","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/8/18 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Complications of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy in 127 dogs with malignant tumors.
Objective: To describe the complications of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy in dogs with malignant tumors, and to identify possible risk factors.
Study design: Retrospective cohort study.
Animals: A total of 140 surgical accesses (86 axillary, 27 ilio-sacral, 27 retropharyngeal) in 127 dogs.
Methods: Dogs with cutaneous/subcutaneous cancer undergoing staging, lymph node (LN) mapping and extirpation of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and/or ilio-sacral LNs, with a minimum follow-up of 1 month, were included. Retrieved information included signalment, tumor histotype, LN characteristics, excision of contiguous LNs, anesthesia duration, intra- and postoperative complications. Data were statistically analyzed to identify risk factors for complication development.
Results: Intraoperative complications were registered in 3/140 (2%) procedures, including hemorrhage during medial iliac lymphadenectomy (2/27, 7%) and difficulty locating the axillary LN (1/86, 1%). Postoperative complications occurred in 32/140 (23%) cases, with rates of 41% (11/27) following ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy, 26% (7/27) after medial retropharyngeal lymphadenectomy, and 16% (14/86) following axillary lymphadenectomy. Ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy presented a higher risk of intraoperative (p = .033) and postoperative complications (p = .020). Enlarged (p = .030) or metastatic (p = .030) LNs were more prone to develop intraoperative complications. No risk factor retained significance on multivariate analysis. Median follow-up, conducted through physical examination, was 225 days (range, 30-1735).
Conclusion: Medial retropharyngeal and axillary lymphadenectomies were generally safe, associated with minor and easily manageable complications. Conversely, ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy carried a higher risk of intraoperative complications, particularly in cases with enlarged LNs, and postoperative complications, potentially related to the caudal laparotomic approach.
Clinical significance: Lymphadenectomies of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymph nodes present relatively low complication rates.
期刊介绍：
Veterinary Surgery, the official publication of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons and European College of Veterinary Surgeons, is a source of up-to-date coverage of surgical and anesthetic management of animals, addressing significant problems in veterinary surgery with relevant case histories and observations.
It contains original, peer-reviewed articles that cover developments in veterinary surgery, and presents the most current review of the field, with timely articles on surgical techniques, diagnostic aims, care of infections, and advances in knowledge of metabolism as it affects the surgical patient. The journal places new developments in perspective, encompassing new concepts and peer commentary to help better understand and evaluate the surgical patient.
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