Veterinary Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of bacteria cultured during a total ear canal ablation and subsequent incisional dehiscence in 12 dogs.","authors":"Meghan R Smith, Stephen D Cole, Rachel W Williams, Cassie N Lux, Garrett J Davis, Samuel Levy, William T N Culp, David E Holt","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare bacteria cultured at the time of total ear canal ablation (TECA) to bacteria cultured from post-TECA incisional dehiscence.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Multicenter retrospective case series.</p><p><strong>Animal population: </strong>Dogs (n = 12) with incisional dehiscence following TECA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of dogs that had a TECA between August 1, 2015, and August 1, 2023, with a subsequent incisional dehiscence within 5 weeks of surgery were reviewed. Aerobic cultures were performed at the time of surgery and time of incisional dehiscence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common organisms cultured from TECA samples included Staphylococcus spp. (5/12, 41.7%), Enterococcus spp. (3/12, 25%), Streptococcus spp. (3/12, 25%), Escherichia coli (2/12, 16.7%), and Corynebacterium spp. (2/12, 16.7%). The organisms most commonly isolated from incisional dehiscences were Staphylococcus spp. (10/12, 83.3%) and Escherichia coli (5/12, 41.7%). The median time for incisional dehiscence was 11.5 days postoperatively (range, 2-34 days). The same single bacteria species, Staphylococcus schleiferi, was identified from the TECA and incisional dehiscence cultures in only one dog (1/12, 8.3%). In 6/12 (50%) dogs, the same bacteria were cultured before or during TECA and at the time of incisional dehiscence, but additional organisms were also identified. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns were different in four of seven dogs where the same bacteria were cultured prior to and during incisional dehiscence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cultures performed during TECA were not predictive of culture results at the time of dehiscence. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns often changed when the same organism was cultured prior to and at incisional dehiscence.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Repeating cultures is essential to treat infectious incisional dehiscence following TECA appropriately.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of suture anchor type, eyelet configuration, and loading condition on suture failure: An in vitro study.","authors":"Obinna P Fidelis, Pierre-Yves Mulon, David E Anderson, Dustin L Crouch","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effect of suture anchor type, eyelet configuration (raised or embedded), and loading condition (without or with cyclic loading) on failure load and failure mode of sutures in anchors with embedded and raised eyelets.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Controlled laboratory study.</p><p><strong>Sample population: </strong>A total of 4 unique clinical anchor+suture combinations (n = 40 total); eyebolt screw reference samples (n = 30 total).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 10 samples of each anchor+suture combination were either (a) loaded to failure (n = 5) or (b) loaded from 0 N to 60 N for 1000 cycles then loaded to failure (n = 5). As a \"best-case\" reference, an eyebolt screw with a smooth, round cross-section was tested under the same two loading conditions and the same sutures (n = 10 per suture) used with the clinical anchors. The percent difference in the maximum load at failure ( <math> <semantics><mrow><mo>%</mo> <mo>∆</mo> <msub><mi>F</mi> <mi>max</mi></msub> </mrow> <annotation>$$ %Delta {F}_{mathrm{max}} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) between each anchor and suture-matched eyebolt screw was used to quantify the effect of each anchor on suture strength.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no effect of loading condition (i.e., without or with cyclic loading) on F_max. The Anika anchor had a significantly lower <math> <semantics><mrow><mo>%</mo> <mo>∆</mo> <msub><mi>F</mi> <mi>max</mi></msub> </mrow> <annotation>$$ %Delta {F}_{mathrm{max}} $$</annotation></semantics> </math> than the Arthrex anchor (p = .015), IMEX anchor (p = .004) and Jorvet anchor (p < .001). A total of 14 out of 20 samples of anchors with raised eyelets failed at the suture mid-section, whereas all 20 samples of anchors with embedded eyelets failed at the suture knot.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anchors with raised eyelets had more failures at the suture mid-section indicative of wear and/or cutting of the suture against the eyelet.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Eyelet geometry and surface finish of metallic screw-type anchors have effects on suture strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antebrachial conformation in Cocker Spaniels with and without humeral intracondylar fissure.","authors":"Neil J Burton, Vinny Davies, Tim H Sparks","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To objectively quantify antebrachial morphology from computed tomography (CT) scans of Cocker Spaniels with and without humeral intracondylar fissure (HIF).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three-dimensional (3D) rendered CT scans of the antebrachii of Cocker Spaniels with HIF (Group 1), or without HIF but with medial coronoid process disease (Group 2) or without HIF and with no evidence of elbow pathology (Group 3) were retrospectively reviewed. Parameters assessed were medial proximal radial angle (MPRA), lateral distal radial angle (LDRA), proximal cranial radial angle (PCRA), distal caudal radial angle (DCRA), radial torsion, proximal radio-ulnar divergence angle (PRUDA) and ulnar center of rotation of angulation (UCORA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group 1 comprised 13 elbows from nine dogs, Group 2 comprised 22 elbows from 13 dogs and Group 3 comprised eight elbows from six dogs. There was no significant difference between groups for MPRA, LDRA, PCRA, DCRA or radial torsion. PRUDA (p < .001) and UCORA (p = .036) were significantly increased in Group 1 compared to Group 2 and 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From the population of Cocker Spaniels sampled, an increase in both PRUDA and UCORA was significantly associated with the presence of HIF.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>An increase in the divergent angle of the proximal radius and ulna and increased distal ulnar varus angulation in dogs with HIF could contribute to altered load through the humeral condyle, providing a mechanism for HIF formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leakage pressures of partial and total lung lobectomies performed with thoracoabdominal staplers in cadaveric dogs.","authors":"Yael Huerta, William T N Culp, Giacomo Gianotti, Nimar Gill, Darko Stefanovski, Maureen A Griffin","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare leakage pressures of stapled partial and total lung lobectomies using thoracoabdominal (TA) staplers in canine cadaveric specimens.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Ex vivo experimental study.</p><p><strong>Sample population: </strong>A total of 29 lung lobes from six canine cadavers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lower respiratory tracts were harvested from canine cadavers >15 kg. Lung lobes were randomized to groups: total lobectomy with a TA30-V3 (TL-30), partial lobectomy with two TA30-V3 cartridges in a wedge configuration (PL-30), and partial lobectomy with a TA60-3.5 mm (PL-60). The leakage pressure (pressure at which air bubbles were first seen from submerged tissue) was assessed, and groups were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All nine PL-30 and all nine PL-60 sites leaked at median pressures of 10 cm H₂O (range 10-15) and 18 cm H₂O (range 10-20), respectively. Only 1/11 TL-30 site leaked during testing at a pressure of 22 cm H₂O. PL-30 and PL-60 sites were more likely to leak at 20 (OR: 437; 95% CI: 7.9-24 171; p = .003) and 30 (OR: 133; 95% CI: 4.8-3674.2; p = .003) cm H₂O compared to TL-30 sites, and the leakage pressure was greater for TL-30 as compared to PL-30 (marginal effect: -46.14; 95% CI: -55.9 to -36.38; p < .001) and PL-60 (marginal effect: -41.2; 95% CI: -51.73 to -30.67; p < .001) sites. PL-60 leakage pressures were greater than those of PL-30 (marginal effect: 4.94; 95% CI: 1.43-8.44; p = .006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In canine cadaveric lung, total lobectomies with a TA30-V3 were less likely to leak at physiological pressures than partial lobectomies with either TA30-V3 or TA60-3.5 mm staplers.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>These results suggest a greater potential risk for air leakage at physiologically relevant pressures following partial as compared to total lobectomies with the TA stapling devices and techniques used commonly in veterinary surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breakage of cementless press-fit femoral stems following total hip arthroplasty in dogs: 14 cases (2013-2023).","authors":"Jose L Carvajal, William M Karlin, Denis J Marcellin-Little, Michael P Kowaleski, Valentine D Verpaalen, Laurent P Guiot, Po-Yen Chou, Nicolas P Barthelemy, Peter J Lotsikas, Stanley E Kim","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report breakage of press-fit cementless femoral stems in dogs after total hip arthroplasty (THA).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective case series.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Thirteen dogs (14 stems).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records were obtained for client-owned dogs that underwent THA between 2013 and 2023. Demographic data, implant type and size, time to stem breakage, and radiographic assessment of implant size were recorded. Implant size was compared with the manufacturers' guidelines based on body weight. Treatment-associated complications and overall outcomes were also recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen broken stems were reported in 13 dogs. Thirteen were size #5, #6, or #7 Biologic Fixation (BFX) lateral bolt stems and one was a size #5 standard BFX stem. A +9 head was used in 5 of 11 cases with 17 mm diameter heads. The median time from THA to stem breakage was 522 days (interquartile range, 330-905 days). Ten of the 14 stems were radiographically undersized. The weights of 10 of 13 dogs were at, or exceeded, weight-limit guidelines. Eleven stems were revised with a new stem, two were explanted, and one was partially explanted. Major complications of revision included stem rebreakage, periprosthetic fracture, and pin and tension band-fixation failure. Full function was achieved in 9 of 10 dogs with revised stems based on owner and surgeon assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most of the stems that broke were BFX lateral bolt stems and were undersized both radiographically and in comparison with weight-limit guidelines. Revision can be successful, although the complication rate is high.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The use of small, undersized BFX lateral bolt stems should be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical analysis of orthogonal and unilateral locking plate constructs in a fracture gap model.","authors":"Peter J Welsh, Adam M Nylund, Peter J Gilbert, Nick A Smith, Lloyd V Smith","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare unilaterally plated (UP) constructs and orthogonally plated (OP) constructs of differing sizes (3.5 mm + 2.0 mm locking plates [OP2.0], 3.5 mm + 2.4 mm locking plates [OP2.4] and 3.5 mm + 3.0 mm locking plates [OP3.0]) under cyclic and static axial compression load to failure testing using a fracture gap model.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>In vitro experimental biomechanical study.</p><p><strong>Sample population: </strong>Acetal homopolymer (Delrin) rods stabilized with locking plates and screws (Arthrex OrthoLine).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One of four stabilization techniques (UP, OP2.0, OP2.4, OP3.0) was applied to rods with a fixed fracture gap. Constructs were fatigue tested under axial compression (90,000 cycles; 4-196 N) followed by static load to failure. Cyclic displacement was evaluated after the first, middle, and last 100 cycles. Stiffness and strength were analyzed during static axial compression load to failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During cyclic testing, UP experienced 3.5, 3.8, and 4.1 times the gap strain of OP2.0, OP2.4, and OP3.0, respectively (p < 0.0075). Fatigue and construct design had significant effects on displacement (p < .0001). OP2.0, OP2.4, and OP3.0 demonstrated 2.5, 3.0, and 4.1 times the strength and 3.0, 3.6, and 4.2 times the stiffness of UP, respectively (p < .0002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present in vitro fracture gap model, OP constructs were stronger and stiffer than UP under dynamic and static axial compression, and OP stiffness increased with increasing implant size.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The results of this study demonstrate objective biomechanical advantages of OP compared to UP. Based on these results, orthogonal plating can be considered when increased fixation strength and stiffness are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ex vivo biomechanical comparison of pedicle screw and rod constructs with and without interbody fusion devices for equine cervical vertebral stabilization.","authors":"Lynn M Pezzanite, Brad B Nelson, Amy C Downey, Ben Gadomski, Kirk McGilvray, Kenzie Baer, Sarah M Kappel, Yvette Nout-Lomas, Howard B Seim, Jeremiah T Easley","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the biomechanical properties of pedicle screw and rod (PSR) constructs alone and with an interbody fusion device (PSRIFD) for equine ventral cervical vertebral stabilization.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cadaveric ex vivo biomechanical analysis.</p><p><strong>Sample population: </strong>A total of 14 (n = 14) adult equine cervical vertebral columns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cervical vertebral columns were stabilized by PSR alone (n = 6) or PSRIFD (n = 5). Three columns were left unaltered as controls. Non-destructive biomechanical testing showed the kinematic range of motion (ROM), compliance, and neutral zone of each spinal unit in the three main kinematic directions (flexion-extension, lateral bending and axial rotation). Destructive testing was performed to identify mode of failure and stiffness in flexion. Non-destructive and destructive biomechanical data were compared by ANOVA between experimental groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In flexion-extension, PSR and PSRIFD had significantly lower ROM, compliance and neutral zone than controls (all p < .05). ROM, compliance and neutral zone were not different between PSR and PSRIFD groups. In axial rotation, the neutral zone of PSR was lower than PSRIFD (p = .013) and both were lower than controls (p < .0001 and p < .02, respectively). Stiffness and moment failure between PSR and PSRIFD groups were not different. All constructs failed through articular process joint dislocation, though the PSRIFD group also had ventral IFD migration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PSR and PSRIFD groups have similar biomechanical properties and modes of failure, though PSRIFD had higher catastrophic injury potential.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>These findings support that PSR constructs provide comparable biomechanical stability to PSRIFD, reducing time and potential complications associated with IFD placement.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tenoscopic-guided resection of the manica flexoria utilizing radiofrequency energy. A proof of concept study.","authors":"Charlotte K Barton, Brad B Nelson, Taylor M Winther, Tristan C Maker, Laurie R Goodrich","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and optimize a tenoscopic technique for resection of the manica flexoria utilizing a radiofrequency probe.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Experimental study.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Eighteen cadaver limbs and two experimental horses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tenoscopic-guided resection of the manica flexoria using radiofrequency energy proceeded sequentially by transection of the medial, lateral and proximal borders. The technique was performed in ex vivo limbs and then in vivo to replicate clinical scenarios. Time to complete resection of the manica flexoria (mean ± SD) and complications was recorded. Limbs were dissected and scored for features of transection and collateral injury on a 15-point scale (15 was optimal). Tenocyte viability and histology were performed on tissues from the in vivo procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transection of the manica flexoria was achieved in all limbs (18/18 ex vivo and 8/8 in vivo). Surgery time was 30.6 ± 12.7 minutes (ex vivo) and 26.1 ± 7.5 minutes (in vivo). Limb scores representing iatrogenic damage and resection borders revealed an average ex vivo score of 14.3 ± 0.67 and live horse score of 14.8 ± 0.43. Histology and live/dead staining did not identify changes in tissue architecture and revealed minimal cell death following radiofrequency exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The described technique, utilizing radiofrequency energy, is a successful approach for safe transection of the manica flexoria. The procedure allowed for complete symmetric resection of the manica flexoria with minimal iatrogenic damage to surrounding tissues.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Resection of a torn manica flexoria may be technically challenging and utilization of sharp instrumentation risks accidental iatrogenic damage. Resection using radiofrequency represents a feasible alternative technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term complications of internal versus external fixation of closed diaphyseal tibial fractures in 95 skeletally immature dogs.","authors":"Jake W Chitty, Callum A T Sharp, Daniel Low, Thomas Chapman, David Singleton, Andrew Murdoch, Paul Aldridge","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the influence of fixation method (internal vs. external) on short-term postoperative complications of closed diaphyseal tibial fractures in skeletally immature dogs.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective observational multicenter study.</p><p><strong>Animal population: </strong>Skeletally immature dogs stabilized with internal fixation (IF) via plate osteosynthesis (n = 59) and external skeletal fixation (ESF) (n = 36).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records from skeletally immature dogs with closed tibial diaphyseal fractures were reviewed. Data collected included signalment, fracture morphology, etiology, fixation technique, surgeon status, complications, time to discharge and time to final discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total complication rate for IF was lower at 20.3% (p < .001, CI: 11.0-32.8) compared to ESF at 55.6% (CI: 38.1-72.1). A total of 95% of complications were considered major for external fixation versus 75% for internal fixation. Multivariable analysis revealed decreased odds of a postoperative short-term complication when a closed tibial diaphyseal fracture was stabilized with IF compared to ESF (p = .004, OR: 0.2, CI: 0.09-0.63). The median time to final discharge for ESF was 4 weeks (range: 2-13) and for IF was 6 weeks (range: 4-32) (p = .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ESF had a higher rate of short-term complications than IF, primarily due to pin-tract morbidity. The complication rate was 35.3% higher for ESF than for IF.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Surgeons should consider the use of IF over ESF for skeletally immature dogs to reduce the risk of major complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needle tenoscopy of the digital flexor tendon sheath in a standing equine cadaver model using a novel approach and guided palmar/plantar annular ligament desmotomy.","authors":"Louise J Breen, John D Stack, Alex M Gillen, Chris M Baldwin","doi":"10.1111/vsu.14213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.14213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>(1) To evaluate the feasibility of needle tenoscopy of the digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) using basisesamoid (BS) and proximolateral (PL) approaches in a standing equine cadaver model. (2) To report visualization of intrathecal DFTS anatomy via both approaches. (3) To determine the efficacy of needle scope-guided palmar/plantar annular ligament (PAL) desmotomy. (4) To report any iatrogenic damage associated with the procedure.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Ex vivo experimental.</p><p><strong>Sample population: </strong>Ten equine cadaver limbs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Limbs were placed in a Kimzey leg-saver splint and needle tenoscopy was performed using the BS and PL approaches. Two European College of Veterinary Surgeons (ECVS) Diplomates assessed and categorized intrathecal site visualization as poor, partial, or excellent. Needle scope-guided PAL desmotomy was performed after DFTS exploratory needle tenoscopy. Limbs were dissected and examined for the presence of iatrogenic damage and completeness of PAL desmotomy. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare visualization scores for both approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Needle tenoscopy of the DFTS in a standing model was feasible from both BS and PL approaches. Excellent visualization of clinically significant intrathecal anatomy within the fetlock canal was achieved from both approaches (p ≤ .001), with minimal iatrogenic damage. The PL approach allowed more structures to be visualized than the BS approach (p = .025). All PAL desmotomies were completed without associated iatrogenic damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Needle tenoscopy of the DFTS in a standing model provided excellent visualization of intrathecal sites within the fetlock canal. It facilitated complete PAL desmotomy.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Needle ten0oscopy can be used to assess the DFTS and to guide PAL desmotomy in a standing horse.</p>","PeriodicalId":23667,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}