Complications of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy in 127 dogs with malignant tumors.

IF 1.3 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary Surgery Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-18 DOI:10.1111/vsu.70003

Luca Ciammaichella, Jessica Campanerut, Luciano Pisoni, Veronica Cola, Stefano Zanardi, Armando Foglia, Chiara Ferrari, Dina Guerra, Laura Marconato, Sara Del Magno

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To describe the complications of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy in dogs with malignant tumors, and to identify possible risk factors.

Study design: Retrospective cohort study.

Animals: A total of 140 surgical accesses (86 axillary, 27 ilio-sacral, 27 retropharyngeal) in 127 dogs.

Methods: Dogs with cutaneous/subcutaneous cancer undergoing staging, lymph node (LN) mapping and extirpation of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and/or ilio-sacral LNs, with a minimum follow-up of 1 month, were included. Retrieved information included signalment, tumor histotype, LN characteristics, excision of contiguous LNs, anesthesia duration, intra- and postoperative complications. Data were statistically analyzed to identify risk factors for complication development.

Results: Intraoperative complications were registered in 3/140 (2%) procedures, including hemorrhage during medial iliac lymphadenectomy (2/27, 7%) and difficulty locating the axillary LN (1/86, 1%). Postoperative complications occurred in 32/140 (23%) cases, with rates of 41% (11/27) following ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy, 26% (7/27) after medial retropharyngeal lymphadenectomy, and 16% (14/86) following axillary lymphadenectomy. Ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy presented a higher risk of intraoperative (p = .033) and postoperative complications (p = .020). Enlarged (p = .030) or metastatic (p = .030) LNs were more prone to develop intraoperative complications. No risk factor retained significance on multivariate analysis. Median follow-up, conducted through physical examination, was 225 days (range, 30-1735).

Conclusion: Medial retropharyngeal and axillary lymphadenectomies were generally safe, associated with minor and easily manageable complications. Conversely, ilio-sacral lymphadenectomy carried a higher risk of intraoperative complications, particularly in cases with enlarged LNs, and postoperative complications, potentially related to the caudal laparotomic approach.

Clinical significance: Lymphadenectomies of medial retropharyngeal, axillary, and ilio-sacral lymph nodes present relatively low complication rates.

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恶性肿瘤犬内侧咽后、腋窝及髂骶淋巴结切除术的并发症127例。

目的：分析犬恶性肿瘤内侧咽后、腋窝和髂骶淋巴结切除术的并发症，并探讨可能的危险因素。研究设计：回顾性队列研究。动物：127只犬共140个手术通路（腋窝86条，髂骶部27条，咽后27条）。方法：接受分期、淋巴结（LN）定位和切除内侧咽后、腋窝和/或髂骶淋巴结的皮肤/皮下癌犬，至少随访1个月。检索到的信息包括信号、肿瘤组织类型、LN特征、连续LN的切除、麻醉时间、术中和术后并发症。对数据进行统计分析，以确定并发症发生的危险因素。结果：术中并发症3/140（2%）例，包括内侧髂淋巴结切除术出血（2/ 27,7%）和腋窝淋巴结定位困难（1/ 86,1%）。术后并发症32/140例（23%），髂骶淋巴结切除术发生率为41%(11/27)，咽后内侧淋巴结切除术发生率为26%(7/27)，腋窝淋巴结切除术发生率为16%（14/86）。髂骶淋巴结切除术术中（p = 0.033）和术后并发症（p = 0.020）的风险较高。增大（p = 0.030）或转移（p = 0.030）。[30] ln更容易发生术中并发症。在多变量分析中，没有风险因素具有显著性。通过体格检查进行的中位随访为225天（范围30-1735天）。结论：内侧咽后和腋窝淋巴结切除术总体上是安全的，并发症轻微且易于控制。相反，髂骶淋巴结切除术有较高的术中并发症风险，特别是在淋巴结肿大的情况下，以及术后并发症，可能与尾侧剖腹入路有关。临床意义：咽后内侧淋巴结、腋窝淋巴结、髂骶淋巴结切除术并发症发生率较低。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Veterinary Surgery 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

22.20%

发文量

162

审稿时长

8-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Veterinary Surgery, the official publication of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons and European College of Veterinary Surgeons, is a source of up-to-date coverage of surgical and anesthetic management of animals, addressing significant problems in veterinary surgery with relevant case histories and observations. It contains original, peer-reviewed articles that cover developments in veterinary surgery, and presents the most current review of the field, with timely articles on surgical techniques, diagnostic aims, care of infections, and advances in knowledge of metabolism as it affects the surgical patient. The journal places new developments in perspective, encompassing new concepts and peer commentary to help better understand and evaluate the surgical patient.