Viral immunology最新文献

{"title":"Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to Emerging Bovine H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Following Seasonal Influenza Vaccination: Implications for Pandemic Preparedness.","authors":"Yulei Li, Xinyue Zhang, Xuan Zhou, Xiaoying Zhu, Liuchun Tan, Zhongmin Pan, Zhengxin Huang, Jiannan Lv, Demin Cao","doi":"10.1177/08828245261424908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08828245261424908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b in dairy cattle and human cases raises urgent pandemic concerns. A critical question is whether seasonal influenza vaccines elicit cross-reactive immunity against this novel zoonotic strain, potentially contributing to pre-existing population immunity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We combined structural bioinformatics and serological analysis. Hemagglutinin (HA) protein sequence and structural conservation were assessed between World Health Organization WHO-recommended 2024-2025 vaccine strains (H1N1 A/Victoria/4897/2022, H3N2 A/Thailand/8/2022) and bovine H5N1 (A/Texas/37/2024). Cross-reactive antibodies were measured in serum from 46 vaccinated individuals using ELISA against A/Texas/37/2024 HA. Endpoint titers were the highest reciprocal dilution with absorbance >2.1-fold background. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation (age, dose, time) and Wilcoxon rank-sum/Chi-squared tests (group comparisons).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural analysis revealed 79.3% amino acid identity in the HA2 subunit between H1N1 and H5N1, with conserved epitopes in the stalk domain. Serologically, 41.3% (19/46) of vaccinated individuals had cross-reactive HA-binding antibodies with titers ≥1,280. No significant associations were found with sex, vaccine type, brand, or number of doses. A significant positive correlation existed between age and antibody titer (Pearson's <i>R</i> = 0.51, <i>p</i> < 0.001); individuals over 60 years had higher titers than younger groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Seasonal influenza vaccination is associated with cross-reactive HA-binding antibodies against bovine H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b in a substantial proportion of individuals, with responses increasing with age. This suggests pre-existing immunity from vaccination or prior exposures may influence responses to this zoonotic threat. However, the functional neutralizing capacity and protective efficacy of these antibodies are unproven. These findings highlight the potential immunological footprint of current vaccines against emerging strains and support further investigation into cross-protection. They also reinforce the importance of conserved HA epitopes as targets for next-generation universal influenza vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":" ","pages":"8828245261424908"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of IFN-γ and IFN-γ Receptor-1 Genes Polymorphisms with Hepatitis C Virus Infection Chronicity and Severity in Pakistani Patients.","authors":"Khair Rafiq, Sanaullah Khan, Muhammad Bar Khan, Muhammad Fawad Khan, Muhammad Yaqoob, Muhammad Adnan","doi":"10.1177/08828245251415180","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08828245251415180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis C is a chronic liver disease caused by infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), representing a major concern for global public health. The interferon gamma and interferon gamma receptor-1 (IFN-γR1) genes play a significant role in viral infections. This study aims to investigate the association between polymorphisms in the IFN-γ and IFN-γR1 genes and the chronicity of HCV infection.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study included 310 participants, comprising 150 chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) patients and 160 healthy controls. Nucleic acids were isolated, and PCR was used for HCV detection. The intron-1 of IFN-γ and promoter-56 of IFN-γR1 genes were amplified through PCR and sequenced through Sanger's method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of TT, AT, and AA genotypes of the IFN-γ at +874 in CHC patients was (20%), (57%), and (23%), while in healthy control, it was (46%), (38%), and (16%), respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). In non-cirrhotic patients, they were (25.6%), (41.1%), and (33.3%); in cirrhotic patients, they were (26.3%), (39.5%), and (34.2%), while in HCC patients, they were (18.2%), (50%), and (31.8%). The AA genotype shows significant association with chronic liver complications (<i>p</i> = 0.017). The frequency of TT, TC, and CC genotypes of the IFN-γR1 gene at -56 was (21%), (43%), and (36%) in CHC patients, while in healthy individuals (38%), (21%), and (41%), (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). In non-cirrhotic patients, they were (30%), (49%), and (21%); in cirrhotic patients, they were (32%), (44%), and (24%), while in HCC patients, they were (22%), (46%), and (32%) (<i>p</i> = 0.027). The TC genotype is significantly associated with an increased risk of developing liver cirrhosis and HCC in CHC patients compared to healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study shows that the AA genotype of the IFN-γ and TC genotype of the IFN-γR1 genes are associated with increased susceptibility and HCV chronicity. While the TT genotype of the IFN-γ and the CC genotype of the IFN-γR1 may confer a protective effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":"39 2","pages":"72-80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147310200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Immunomodulatory Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in the Pathogenesis of Virus-Related Cancers.","authors":"Sima Heidarzadeh-Asl, Fatah Kashanchi, Reza Jafari","doi":"10.1177/08828245251413728","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08828245251413728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since their discovery in the 1980s, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have garnered immense interest. These vesicles facilitate cell-to-cell communication and transfer physiologically active molecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs to target cells. Oncogenic viruses encode genes that enable viral replication and allow host cells to produce viral proteins and complexes. These viral components represent potential candidates for developing antiviral therapies or vaccines. Exosomes, a type of EV, can enhance immune responses by delivering immunostimulatory molecules and inhibiting viral replication. However, oncoviruses can also exploit the diverse immunoregulatory functions of exosomes to promote disease progression. This review focuses on the dual role of EVs produced during viral infections, examining how they can either enhance or suppress host immunity. We provide an overview of the function of exosomes in oncogenic virus infections, with a particular emphasis on their immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory potential. We also highlight challenges in harnessing these vesicles for advanced cancer theranostics and preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":"39 2","pages":"43-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147310269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Insights into Dengue Infection with Preliminary Emphasis on Serotype Distribution and Risk Factors in Karbi Anglong, Assam: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Tilenda Teronpi, Minerva Sarmah, Pallabi Sargiary, Arunjyoti Sarmah, Dipak Kumar Das, Longmindar Timung, Simanta Kalita","doi":"10.1177/08828245251415383","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08828245251415383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue is a viral illness primarily transmitted by <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i>, which thrive in tropical and densely populated urban environments. Its rising global incidence has been linked to factors such as climate change, inadequate sanitation, and expanding urbanization. A dengue outbreak in Diphu, Assam, from 2022 to 2024 prompted this study, which aims to identify the circulating serotypes and assess associated risk factors. The study involved 7,805 symptomatic patients from Diphu Medical College and Integrated Disease Surveillance Program field visits. Patients with malaria or other viral infections were excluded. After obtaining informed consent, participants provided sociodemographic details and underwent NS1 antigen and IgM ELISA tests. RT-PCR was performed on all positive samples for dengue serotype identification. Among the suspected cases, 50.22% tested positive for dengue, of which 45.39% were acute and 4.83% were recent infections. Adults (56.12%), males (56.58%), tribal groups (56.37%), rural residents (50.88%), and individuals with lower education (50.0%) had higher infection rates. Preliminary investigation of 49 representative RT-PCR positive samples exhibited that DENV2 was the predominant serotype (57.1%), followed by DENV2&3 coinfections. Logistic regression showed increased risk associated with adult age, tribal ethnicity, rural residence, and coinfection, while higher literacy lowered the odds. The study highlights a high prevalence of dengue in Karbi Anglong and underscores the need for early diagnosis, community awareness, surveillance, and strengthened vector control measures to reduce the disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":"39 2","pages":"81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147310241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing Immunity and Disease: The Dual Role of Nuclear Factor-κB in Cellular Transformation and Viral Pathogenesis.","authors":"Salma Aktar, Saiful Amin","doi":"10.1177/08828245251415173","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08828245251415173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF)-κB is recognized as the principal mediator of immunity due to its diverse roles in immune responses. The activation of NF-κB pathway induces the expression of multiple genes containing the consensus sequence that contributes not only to immune response against immediate early infection, but also to gene expression of viruses soon after infection, it engages at considerable steps during oncogenesis, and the adjustment of programmed cell death. Prolonged NF-κB activation is interlinked with acute inflammatory responses without directly driving cancer; however, the pathway also controls the expression of genes that contribute to hallmarks of cancer such as avoiding apoptosis, sustaining proliferation, and enabling replicative immortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":"39 2","pages":"64-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147310213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Viral Respiratory Infection in Patients Undergoing Immunosuppressive Therapy.","authors":"Ming Chen, Na Li, Haifeng Yun, Guoxing Zhang, Rui Liu","doi":"10.1177/08828245251407696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08828245251407696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical features of viral respiratory infections in individuals with rheumatic immune diseases, renal diseases, hematological diseases, and healthy individuals were analyzed. Additionally, the impact of immunosuppressive therapy on the clinical manifestations of viral respiratory infections was explored. Patients attending the outpatient clinic of the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 1, 2023, to May 1, 2024, as well as healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations, were selected for the study. Data were collected through questionnaires, including information on viral respiratory infections, vaccination status, clinical symptoms, and medication use. A total of 425 questionnaires were collected. There were significant differences among groups in recovery time, disease classification, vaccination rates, and specific clinical symptoms (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Immunosuppressive therapy significantly reduced the incidence of runny nose (<i>p</i> = 0.046) and chills (<i>p</i> < 0.001) but was associated with a higher proportion of ordinary cases, suggesting that it may be associated with increased disease severity (<i>p</i> = 0.012). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the use of glucocorticoids significantly prolonged both recovery time (<i>p</i> = 0.007) and duration of cough (<i>p</i> = 0.044). The rheumatology group experienced shorter recovery time (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and a lower risk of fever (38°C-39°C), whereas the hematology group had an increased risk of high fever (>39°C; <i>p</i> = 0.037). Vaccination significantly increased the likelihood of mild cases (<i>p</i> = 0.041), serving as an important protective factor. Additionally, younger patients and females tended to exhibit relatively more severe clinical manifestations. Significant differences between the groups existed in terms of symptomatology, clinical symptoms, and time to recovery, and the use of immunosuppressive therapy, especially glucocorticoids, may have exacerbated the patient's condition. Vaccination provided a protective effect for patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, mitigating the condition to a certain extent.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":"39 1","pages":"26-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146150638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune and Virological Factors Influencing Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Circulation and Increased Prevalence During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Fela Mendlovic, Tanya Plett, Carlos Santiago-Olivares, Guillermina Avila-Ramírez, Ana Flisser, Evelyn Rivera-Toledo","doi":"10.1177/08828245251407618","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08828245251407618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is a leading cause of respiratory infections in infants and older adults. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted hRSV transmission due to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI), resulting in atypical circulation patterns, earlier seasonal peaks, and increased post-pandemic prevalence. Two key factors are proposed to underlie these changes: a reduced specific immune response due to decreased viral exposure and the emergence of novel hRSV variants. These factors contributed to a larger cohort of immunologically naïve children and lower levels of maternally derived antibodies, increasing susceptibility to severe hRSV disease, particularly in infants and children. Additionally, adults experienced waning immunity following prolonged periods of limited hRSV circulation. The post-pandemic resurgence was accompanied by the emergence of novel hRSV variants with altered transmissibility and virulence, such as GB5.0.6a in Europe and B.D.E.1 in China. These variants may reflect mutations driven by the reduced immunity, though further research is needed to assess their pathogenicity. Understanding the interplay between the reduced immunity due to NPI and virological factors is essential for addressing hRSV epidemiology. Enhanced molecular surveillance and immunological monitoring are crucial for guiding vaccination strategies and protecting vulnerable populations against future hRSV outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145857153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2-Specific IgM and IgG Antibodies in Serum Samples of Patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Neda Hampaiian, Asghar Tanomand","doi":"10.1177/08828245251407701","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08828245251407701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several lines of evidence have shown high intraindividual and intraindividual variability in serum levels of IgM and IgG antibodies in response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The present study aimed to assess the levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG antibodies in serum samples of laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 286 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, with 118 males and 168 females. Serum samples were taken from all subjects at two different time points, including 2 and 4 weeks after the onset of symptoms. Serological levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG was assessed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. The Student's <i>t</i>-test were used to compare the mean levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the mean serum levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG in COVID-19 patients were increased in 4 weeks after symptom onset compared to 2 weeks earlier, but it was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05). There was no significant sex-dependent difference in serological levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that the serum levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG did not show significant differences depending on sex. Furthermore, serological levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgG did not significantly differ between 2- and 4-weeks following illness onset.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":" ","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145864720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Mucosal Adjuvants for Influenza Vaccines.","authors":"Genzhu Wang, Li Wu, Xing Wu, Yingying Tao, Shaozhen Li, Chengying Li, Yao Yao, Shijia Xu, Hongyi Xia, Menghao Li, Jianhong Shu, Yulong He, Huapeng Feng","doi":"10.1177/08828245251413233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08828245251413233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vaccination is an effective way to prevent influenza virus infection. Currently, intramuscular vaccines are the most commonly used and can provide strong humoral immunity, but they may not induce the mucosal immune response well. A variety of pathogens gain access to the host via the respiratory tract, and the mucosa serves as the initial line of defense against bacterial invasions. Therefore, developing mucosal vaccines is a valuable strategy for preventing respiratory infectious diseases. The mucosal barrier hinders antigen delivery and immune activation, making efficient mucosal adjuvants crucial for vaccine advancement, though their use faces several obstacles. The main challenges faced by mucosal adjuvants are mucosal tolerance, delivery efficiency, and immune response balance. Future mucosal adjuvants will continue to focus on multitarget synergistic design and combination adjuvant application. The safety and efficacy of future influenza vaccines are contingent upon the judicious selection of suitable mucosal adjuvants. The creation of next-generation influenza vaccines will be made easier as our knowledge of adjuvants grows. In this review, we summarize the current progress and applications of mucosal adjuvants for influenza vaccines, with implications for the development of novel influenza vaccines and vaccines against other infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":"39 1","pages":"11-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146150650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic Applications in the Early Detection of Human Viral Threats.","authors":"Donath Damian","doi":"10.1177/08828245251400169","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08828245251400169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid evolution of viral pathogens presents significant challenges for global health, as traditional methods for virus detection often fail to identify novel or genetically diverse viruses. The emergence and reemergence of viral pathogens necessitate more advanced and inclusive diagnostic approaches. This review aims to explore the role of metagenomics in overcoming the limitations of traditional viral detection methods and to assess its impact on the discovery, characterization, and surveillance of viral pathogens. A comprehensive review of recent studies employing metagenomic approaches to viral detection was conducted. High-throughput sequencing technologies and bioinformatics tools were highlighted as key components in enabling broad-spectrum viral identification and characterization. Metagenomic approaches have successfully identified novel pathogens, including new arboviruses and reemerging strains of known viruses. These techniques provide a more complete understanding of viral diversity and dynamics, surpassing the limitations of targeted assays and culturing methods. Key findings emphasize the capability of metagenomics to detect viruses previously undetected by conventional methods, improving the scope of surveillance. Metagenomics offers transformative advantages for viral surveillance and outbreak management. It enhances early detection, allows for better-informed responses to viral threats, and contributes to more effective strategies for managing emerging and reemerging viral pathogens. Integration of metagenomic techniques into public health practices is crucial for combating the evolving landscape of viral diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23665,"journal":{"name":"Viral immunology","volume":" ","pages":"317-330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145606234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}