Virologica Sinica最新文献

{"title":"Differential susceptibility of immunodeficient mice to MPXV infection and the impact of various inoculation routes","authors":"Xiaohan Wang ,&nbsp;Shaowen Shi ,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Nie ,&nbsp;Yongyang Sun ,&nbsp;Jinglei Hu ,&nbsp;Manlin He ,&nbsp;Wenhao Ren ,&nbsp;Yuxing Wang ,&nbsp;Zhendong Guo ,&nbsp;Gonghe Li ,&nbsp;Changbo Ou ,&nbsp;Xiao Li ,&nbsp;Zongzheng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a member of the <em>Orthopoxvirus</em> genus, caused a large-scale global outbreak in 2022. Developing mouse models for MPXV infection is crucial for advancing research on vaccines and therapeutic interventions. To address this, we conducted a comparative study on the susceptibility of six mouse strains—severe combined immune-deficiency (SCID), nude, genetically diabetic (db/db) and obese (ob/ob), C57BL/6J, and BALB/c—to MPXV infection. Mouse strains were infected with MPXV via intranasal inoculation, and body weight changes and mortality were monitored post-infection. Additionally, the tissue distribution of MPXV and the pathological changes in the lung tissues of the infected mice were evaluated. The results demonstrated that SCID and nude mice exhibited significant weight loss following MPXV infection, with 100 ​% mortality observed in SCID mice, while no mortality occurred in nude mice. In contrast, the other mouse strains showed no significant weight loss or mortality. Notably, the viral load in the lung tissues of SCID and nude mice was the highest among the tested strains. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of different inoculation routes—intranasal (I.N.), intraperitoneal (I.P.), and intravenous (I.V.)—on the pathogenicity of MPXV in mice. The results revealed that the intravenous route induced more pronounced pathogenic effects compared to the intranasal and intraperitoneal routes. In summary, this study provides valuable insights into the development of MPXV-infected mouse models, offering a foundation for further research on MPXV pathogenesis and therapeutic drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 333-339"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a SARS-CoV-2 infection model in golden hamsters with diabetes mellitus","authors":"Hao-Feng Lin ,&nbsp;Ren-Di Jiang ,&nbsp;Rui-Xin Qin ,&nbsp;Bing Yao ,&nbsp;Wen-Tao Zeng ,&nbsp;Yun Gao ,&nbsp;Ai-Min Shi ,&nbsp;Jian-Min Li ,&nbsp;Mei-Qin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Being widespread across the globe, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) keeps evolving and generating new variants and continuously poses threat to public health, especially to the population with chronic comorbidities. Diabetes mellitus is one of high-risk factors for severe outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Establishment of animal models that parallel the clinical and pathological features of COVID-19 complicated with diabetes is thus highly essential. Here, in this study, we constructed leptin receptor gene knockout hamsters with the phenotype of diabetes mellitus (db/db), and revealed that the diabetic hamsters were more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and its variants than wild-type hamsters. SARS-CoV-2 and its variants induced a stronger immune cytokine response in the lungs of diabetic hamsters than in wild-type hamsters. Comparative histopathology analyses also showed that infection of SARS-CoV-2 and the variants caused more severe lung tissue injury in diabetic hamsters, and may induce serious complications such as diabetic kidney disease and cardiac lesions. Our findings demonstrated that despite the decreased respiratory pathogenicity, the SARS-CoV-2 variants were still capable of impairing other organs such as kidney and heart in diabetic hamsters, suggesting that the risk of evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants to diabetic patients should never be neglected. This hamster model may help better understand the pathogenesis mechanism of severe COVID-19 in patients with diabetes. It will also aid in development and testing of effective therapeutics and prophylactic treatments against SARS-CoV-2 variants among these high-risk populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 349-360"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human endogenous retrovirus W family envelope protein (ERVWE1) regulates macroautophagy activation and micromitophagy inhibition via NOXA1 in schizophrenia","authors":"Jiahang Zhang ,&nbsp;Huiling Wang ,&nbsp;Xing Xue ,&nbsp;Xiulin Wu ,&nbsp;Wenshi Li ,&nbsp;Zhao Lv ,&nbsp;Yaru Su ,&nbsp;Mengqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Kexin Zhao ,&nbsp;Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Chen Jia ,&nbsp;Fan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human endogenous retrovirus type W envelope glycoprotein (ERVWE1), located at chromosome 7q21–22, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Our previous studies have shown elevated ERVWE1 expression in schizophrenia patients. Growing evidence suggests that autophagy dysfunction contributes to schizophrenia, yet the relationship between ERVWE1 and autophagy remains unclear. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of the human prefrontal cortex RNA microarray dataset (GSE53987) revealed that differentially expressed genes were predominantly enriched in autophagy-related pathways. Clinical data further demonstrated that serum levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3β (LC3B), a key marker of macroautophagy, were significantly elevated in schizophrenia patients compared to controls, and positively correlated with ERVWE1 expression. Cellular and molecular experiments suggested that ERVWE1 promoted macroautophagy by increasing the LC3B II/I ratio, enhancing autophagosome formation, and reducing sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) expression via upregulation of NADPH oxidase activator 1 (NOXA1). Concurrently, NOXA1 downregulated the expression of key micromitophagy-related genes, including PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (Parkin), and the pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit α 1 (PDHA1). As a result, ERVWE1, via NOXA1, inhibited micromitophagy by suppressing the expression of PINK1, Parkin, and PDHA1, thereby leading to impaired production of mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs). Mechanistically, ERVWE1 enhanced NOXA1 transcription by upregulating upstream transcription factor 2 (USF2). In conclusion, ERVWE1 promotes macroautophagy and inhibits micromitophagy through USF2-NOXA1 axis, providing novel mechanistic insight into the role autophagy dysregulation in schizophrenia. These findings suggest that targeting autophagy pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies for schizophrenia treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 401-418"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the virome reveals diverse novel viruses in tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) in Yunnan Province","authors":"Zhong-Hao Lian ,&nbsp;Zhi You ,&nbsp;Pei-Yu Han ,&nbsp;Ye Qiu ,&nbsp;Yun-Zhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xing-Yi Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viruses circulating in small mammals possess the potential to infect humans. Tree shrews are a group of small mammals inhabiting widely in forests and plantations, but studies on viruses in tree shrews are quite limited. Herein, viral metagenomic sequencing was employed to detect the virome in the tissue and swab samples from seventy-six tree shrews that we collected in Yunnan Province. As the results, genomic fragments belonging to eighteen viral families were identified, thirteen of which contain mammalian viruses. Through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing, twelve complete genomes were determined, including five parvoviruses, three torque teno viruses (TTVs), two adenoviruses, one pneumovirus, and one hepacivirus, together with three partial genomes, including two hepatitis E viruses and one paramyxovirus. Notably, the three TTVs, named TSTTV-HNU1, TSTTV-HNU2, and TSTTV-HNU3, may compose a new genus within the family <em>Anelloviridae</em>. Notably, TSParvoV-HNU5, one of the tree shrew parvoviruses detected, was likely to be a recombination of two murine viruses. Divergence time estimation further revealed the potential cross-species-transmission history of the tree shrew pneumovirus TSPneV-HNU1. Our study provides a comprehensive exploration of viral diversity in wild tree shrews, significantly enhancing our understanding of their roles as natural virus reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 314-323"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1995-820X(25)00073-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1995-820X(25)00073-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Page OFC"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Evaluating the performance of the PREDAC method in flu vaccine recommendations over the past decade (2013–2023)” [Virol. Sin. 40 (2025) 288–291]","authors":"Yousong Peng ,&nbsp;Lei Yang ,&nbsp;Weijuan Huang ,&nbsp;Mi Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao Ding ,&nbsp;Xiangjun Du ,&nbsp;Yuelong Shu ,&nbsp;Taijiao Jiang ,&nbsp;Dayan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 506-507"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleophosmin 1 inhibits the replication of influenza A virus by competitively binding viral RNA with viral proteins","authors":"Yingying Yu ,&nbsp;Qian Wang ,&nbsp;Yanli Wei ,&nbsp;Junwen Liu ,&nbsp;Guangwen Wang ,&nbsp;Zhengxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Wentao Shen ,&nbsp;Lu Han ,&nbsp;Chengjun Li ,&nbsp;Cao-Qi Lei ,&nbsp;Shuai Xu ,&nbsp;Qiyun Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses that continually challenge animal and human health. In IAV-infected cells, host RNA-binding proteins play key roles in the life cycle of IAV by directly binding to viral RNA. Here, we examined the role of the host RNA-binding protein nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) in IAV replication. We found that, as a nucleolar phosphoprotein, NPM1 directly binds to viral RNA (vRNA) and inhibits the replication of various subtypes of IAV. NPM1 binding to vRNA competitively reduces the assembly of the viral ribonucleoprotein complex and the viral polymerase activity, thereby reducing the generation of progeny viral RNA and virions. The RNA-binding activity of NPM1, with the key residues T199, T219, T234, and T237, is essential for its anti-influenza function. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that NPM1 acts as an RNA-binding protein and interacts with IAV vRNA to suppress viral replication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 388-400"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral pseudo-enzyme facilitates KSHV lytic replication via suppressing PFAS-mediated RTA deamidation","authors":"Yang Xu ,&nbsp;Qiushi Zhang ,&nbsp;Guoli Hou ,&nbsp;Liang Hu ,&nbsp;Tiaoyi Xiao ,&nbsp;Xinyu Liang ,&nbsp;Deliang Li ,&nbsp;Junhua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deamidation, a type of post-translational modification commonly considered a hallmark of protein “aging” and function decay, is increasingly recognized for its pivotal role in regulating biological processes and viral infection. Our previous study has demonstrated that the deamidation of replication and transcription activator (RTA), a master regulator of ubiquitous and oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), mediated by phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthetase (PFAS), hinders its nuclear import and transcriptional activity. Here we report that the viral glutamine amidotransferase (vGAT) pseudo-enzyme is exploited to facilitate KSHV lytic infection by inhibiting RTA deamidation. To be more specific, vGAT interacts with both RTA and cellular PFAS, and inhibits PFAS-mediated RTA deamidation, thus facilitating RTA nuclear localization and suppressing nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling activation, as well as augmenting RTA-mediated transcriptional activation of viral open reading frames (ORFs). In addition, vGAT appears to regulate the deamidation process of several viral ORFs of KSHV. Collectively, these findings unveil that a viral pseudo-enzyme is exploited to enhance viral infection via deamidation regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 340-348"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A noninfectious pseudovirus system for an emerging orthoflavivirus","authors":"Yanfan Shi ,&nbsp;Yu He ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Wang ,&nbsp;Zhen Wu ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Mingshu Wang ,&nbsp;Renyong Jia ,&nbsp;Dekang Zhu ,&nbsp;Mafeng Liu ,&nbsp;Xinxin Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiao Yang ,&nbsp;Ying Wu ,&nbsp;Shaqiu Zhang ,&nbsp;Juan Huang ,&nbsp;Xumin Ou ,&nbsp;Di Sun ,&nbsp;Anchun Cheng ,&nbsp;Shun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 495-498"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host factor RBM25 promotes HBV replication through Yin Yang 1-mediated cccDNA transcription","authors":"Yukun Li ,&nbsp;Tianhao Mao ,&nbsp;Liwei Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhao Zhou ,&nbsp;Qianqian Jiang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Du ,&nbsp;Ziyuan Ma ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Ting Zhang ,&nbsp;Guochao Wei ,&nbsp;Lin Wang ,&nbsp;Yongzhen Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaojing Zhang ,&nbsp;Shourong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiangmei Chen ,&nbsp;Fengmin Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected hepatocytes remains a major obstacle to effective antiviral treatment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating HBV cccDNA transcription is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the role of RNA binding motif protein 25 (RBM25) in HBV replication, focusing on its interaction with cccDNA and its regulation of host transcription factors. The results demonstrated that RBM25 knockdown markedly inhibited HBV replication, reducing levels of HBV DNA, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), HBV RNA, and L-HBs in HBV-replicating and infected cell models. Consistent results were observed in a mouse model hydrodynamically injected with 1.2 ​× ​HBV plasmid. Conversely, RBM25 overexpression significantly enhanced HBV replication. Mechanistically, RBM25 promoted HBV promoter activities by binding to cccDNA through its RE/RD and PWI domains. This effect was mediated by increased Yin Yang 1 (YY1) expression, which enhanced acetylation of cccDNA-bound histones, promoting HBV transcription. Furthermore, RBM25 expression was upregulated and translocated to the nucleus following core protein expression and accumulation, while overexpression of RBM25 promoted core protein degradation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that RBM25 is a novel host factor that enhances HBV replication by upregulating YY1-dependent transcriptional activation of cccDNA. It also reveales a reciprocal regulatory mechanism between the HBV core protein and RBM25, which helps sustain HBV replication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 374-387"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}