Vaccines最新文献

{"title":"The Long-Term Immunity of a Microneedle Array Patch of a SARS-CoV-2 S1 Protein Subunit Vaccine Irradiated by Gamma Rays in Mice.","authors":"Eun Kim, Muhammad S Khan, Juyeop Shin, Shaohua Huang, Alessandro Ferrari, Donghoon Han, Eunjin An, Thomas W Kenniston, Irene Cassaniti, Fausto Baldanti, Dohyeon Jeong, Andrea Gambotto","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010086","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>COVID-19 vaccines effectively prevent severe disease, but unequal distribution, especially in low- and middle-income countries, has led to vaccine-resistant strains. This highlights the urgent need for alternative vaccine platforms that are safe, thermostable, and easy to distribute. This study evaluates the immunogenicity, stability, and scalability of a dissolved microneedle array patch (MAP) delivering the rS1RS09 subunit vaccine, comprising the SARS-CoV-2 S1 monomer and RS09, a TLR-4 agonist peptide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The rS1RS09 vaccine was administered via MAP or intramuscular injection in murine models. The immune responses of the MAP with and without gamma irradiation as terminal sterilization were assessed at doses of 5, 15, and 45 µg, alongside neutralizing antibody responses to Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron variants. The long-term storage stability was also evaluated through protein degradation analyses at varying temperatures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rS1RS09 vaccine elicited stronger immune responses and ACE2-binding inhibition than S1 monomer alone or trimer. The MAP delivery induced sgnificantly higher and longer-lasting S1-specific IgG responses for up to 70 weeks compared to intramuscular injections. Robust Th2-prevalent immune responses were generated in all the groups vaccinated via the MAP and significant neutralizing antibodies were elicited at 15 and 45 µg, showing dose-sparing potential. The rS1RS09 in MAP has remained stable with minimal protein degradation for 19 months at room temperature or under refrigeration, regardless of gamma-irradiation. After an additional month of storage at 42 °C, cit showed less than 3% degradation, ompared to over 23% in liquid vaccines Conclusions: Gamma-irradiated MAP-rS1RS09 is a promising platform for stable, scalable vaccine production and distribution, eliminating cold chain logistics. These findings support its potential for mass vaccination efforts, particularly in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provider Preference, Logistical Challenges, or Vaccine Hesitancy? Analyzing Parental Decision-Making in School Vaccination Programs: A Qualitative Study in Sydney, Australia.","authors":"Leigh McIndoe, Alexandra Young, Cristyn Davies, Cassandra Vujovich-Dunn, Stephanie Kean, Michelle Dives, Vicky Sheppeard","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010083","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> School-based immunization programs are crucial for equitable vaccine coverage, yet their success depends on parental consent processes. This study investigates patterns of vaccine decision-making within Australia's school-based immunization program, specifically focusing on human papillomavirus (HPV) and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (dTpa) vaccines offered free to adolescents aged 12-13. <b>Methods:</b> This qualitative study was conducted in the South Eastern Sydney Local Health District (2022-2023). Semi-structured interviews were held with school staff (<i>n</i> = 11) across government, Catholic, and independent schools, parents whose children were not vaccinated at school (<i>n</i> = 11) and a focus group with public health unit staff (<i>n</i> = 5). Data were analyzed to identify key barriers and patterns in vaccine decision-making. <b>Results:</b> Analysis revealed three distinct groups of parents whose children were not vaccinated through the school program: (1) those favoring general practitioners for vaccination, driven by trust in medical providers and a preference for personalized care; (2) those intending to consent but facing logistical barriers, including communication breakdowns and online consent challenges; and (3) vaccine-hesitant parents, particularly regarding HPV vaccination, influenced by safety concerns and misinformation. These findings demonstrate that non-participation in school vaccination programs should not be automatically equated with vaccine hesitancy. <b>Conclusions:</b> Tailored interventions are necessary for addressing vaccine non-participation. Recommendations include strengthening collaboration with general practitioners, streamlining consent processes and providing targeted education to counter misinformation. This study provides valuable insights into social determinants of vaccine acceptance and offers actionable strategies for improving vaccine uptake in school-based programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups: Twelve Years of Progress (2012-2023).","authors":"Louise Henaff, Laure Dumolard, Vinod Bura, Gerald Etapelong Sume, Sidy Ndiaye, Jennifer Sanwogou, Heeyoun Cho, Joachim Hombach, Christoph A Steffen","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010080","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Well-functioning National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) are valuable contributors to decision-making processes in the complex immunization policy arena. This paper describes the progress made globally on the establishment and strengthening of these key advisory groups and discusses some of their strengths, challenges, and opportunities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data submitted annually by countries to the World Health Organization (WHO) via the WHO/UNICEF Joint Reporting Form (JRF) were analyzed, comparing the NITAG functionality criteria in 2012 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2023 and 2012, 88% and 61% of countries, respectively, reported having a NITAG. A total of 77% of NITAGs met all six NITAG process criteria in 2023 compared to 33% in 2012. This progress was most notable in the WHO African Region, increasing from 7% (2012) to 77% (2023), and the South-East Asia Region, increasing from 45% (2012) to 91% (2023). In 2023, 84% of NITAGs issued a vaccine-policy recommendation that was adopted by decision-makers.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Marked progress has been made since 2012 on establishing and maintaining NITAGs, with a small number of countries yet to form an advisory committee. Supporting and sustaining NITAG functions remains an important means for countries to foster independent and transparent expert advice on vaccine and immunization policy. Setbacks in countries facing instability or political turmoil are a reminder of the reversibility of progress. WHO and partners play an important role in supporting countries in strengthening these advisory committees. Continuous commitment by countries to the function and involvement of NITAGs in policy recommendations is essential for enhancing the strength and resilience of immunization programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of the Immune Response to an Intramuscular Bivalent (GI.1/GII.4) Norovirus Vaccine in Adults.","authors":"Geert Leroux-Roels, Robert L Atmar, Jakob P Cramer, Ian Escudero, Astrid Borkowski","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010082","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major global economic and health burdens due to norovirus gastroenteritis could be addressed by an effective vaccine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 428 adult recipients of various compositions of the norovirus vaccine candidate, HIL-214, were followed for 5 years, to assess immune responses to its virus-like particle antigens, GI.1 and GII.4c. Serum antibodies and peripheral-blood antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) were measured. This report focuses on the single-dose 15/50 (µg GI.1/GII.4c) composition, which had been selected for further clinical development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For single-dose 15/50 recipients (N = 105), GI.1-specific and GII.4c-specific histoblood-group antigen-blocking (HBGA) antibodies appeared to have persisted to 5 years, waning from a peak at 4 to 8 weeks, and plateauing above baseline after 3 years. From 3 to 5 years, GI.1-specific GMTs ranged between 53 (95%CI, 40-71) and 60 (95%CI, 46-77; N = 69-97) and were approximately 2-fold above the baseline GMT (24 (95%CI, 20-28); N = 105). GII.4c-specific GMTs ranged between 103 (95%CI, 77-138) and 114 (95%CI, 86-152; N = 70-97) and were above baseline, but by less than 2-fold (70 (95%CI, 53-92); N = 105). Similar kinetics were observed for pan-Ig titers and ASCs in a subset. Similar kinetics were also observed for HBGA and pan-Ig titers in recipients of other 15/50 dosages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Immune responses to HIL-214 in adults appear to persist for five years.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity of HIV-1 <i>Env</i> mRNA and <i>Env-Gag</i> VLP mRNA Vaccines in Mice.","authors":"Qi Ma, Jing Yang, Xiaoguang Zhang, Hongxia Li, Yanzhe Hao, Xia Feng","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010084","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The development of a protective vaccine is critical for conclusively ending the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We constructed nucleotide-modified mRNA vaccines expressing HIV-1 Env and Gag proteins. Env-gag virus-like particles (VLPs) were generated through co-transfection with env and gag mRNA vaccines. BALB/c mice were immunized with env mRNA, env-gag VLP mRNA, env plasmid DNA vaccine, or lipid nanoparticle (LNP) controls. HIV Env-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies in mouse sera were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and pseudovirus-based neutralization assays, respectively. Env-specific cellular immune responses in mouse splenocytes were evaluated using an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISpot) and in vivo cytotoxic T cell-killing assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Env-specific humoral and cellular immune responses elicited by HIV-1 env mRNA and env-gag VLP mRNA vaccine were stronger than those induced by the DNA vaccine. Specific immune responses induced by the env mRNA vaccine were significantly stronger in the high-dose group than in the low-dose group. Immunization with co-formulated env and gag mRNAs elicited superior cellular immune responses compared to env mRNA alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that the env-gag VLP mRNA platform holds significant promise for HIV-1 vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of Cytomegalovirus Vaccines: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Manuela Chiavarini, Anita Genga, Giorgia Maria Ricciotti, Marcello Mario D'Errico, Pamela Barbadoro","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010085","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is widespread and mostly causes asymptomatic infections in immunocompetent hosts, but it may lead to severe and life-threatening diseases in immunocompromised individuals, such as transplant patients and congenitally infected children, representing a significant public health concern. Although there are no licensed CMV vaccines, the development of a CMV vaccine is considered a high priority due to its potential to reduce the burden associated with CMV-related complications, and several approaches are under investigation. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the evidence on various CMV vaccines currently under clinical development. <b>Methods</b>: According to the PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO ID: CRD42024516601), a comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify all the randomized controlled trials that have evaluated the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of vaccine candidates compared to a placebo. A total of 26 studies were identified: 11 on transplant patients and 15 on healthy individuals. <b>Results</b>: Several vaccine candidates have shown encouraging results in terms of safety and specific immune responses, notably adjuvanted gB vaccines and DNA vaccines targeting gB and pp65. The results were divided into RCTs on healthy individuals and those on transplant recipients, because the CMV-specific immune response to a vaccine is complex and varies depending not only on the type of vaccine, but also on the immunological status of the individual. <b>Conclusions</b>: Challenges remain in achieving broad efficacy across diverse populations, particularly for immunocompromised patients. Thus, the present work seeks to support future decisions and guide further research in the development of an effective and widely available CMV vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of a Novel Broad-Spectrum Influenza Polypeptide Vaccine Based on Multi-Epitope Tandem Sequences.","authors":"Song Zhao, Junhao Luo, Wenhui Guo, Li Li, Siyu Pu, Libo Dong, Wenfei Zhu, Rongbao Gao","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010081","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polypeptide vaccines have the potential to improve immune responses by targeting conserved and weakly immunogenic regions in antigens. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the efficacy of a novel influenza universal vaccine candidate consisting of multiple polypeptides derived from highly conserved regions of influenza virus proteins hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix protein 2 (M2).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immunoinformatics tools were used to screen conserved epitopes from different influenza virus subtypes (H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, H7N9, H9N2, and IBV). A polypeptide vaccine, P125-H, was constructed by linking multiple epitopes using Ii-Key technology. The immunogenicity of P125-H was assessed in mice using MF59-adjuvanted P125-H via intraperitoneal injection. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and neutralizing antibody responses were measured, along with IFN-γ levels in spleen lymphocytes. Protective efficacy was evaluated using viral challenge with lethal doses of H1N1 and H7N9.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mice immunized with P125-H generated high levels of HI and neutralizing antibodies against multiple influenza strains. IFN-γ production was significantly elevated in spleen lymphocytes upon stimulation with the vaccine. P125-H protected mice from influenza infection, reducing weight loss and the viral load in the lungs, mitigating lung pathology, and decreasing mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The P125-H vaccine induced broad cross-protection against multiple influenza strains and elicited robust immune responses. It demonstrates strong potential as a candidate for a universal influenza vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elegant and Innovative Recoding Strategies for Advancing Vaccine Development.","authors":"François Meurens, Fanny Renois, Uladzimir Karniychuk","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010078","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recoding strategies have emerged as a promising approach for developing safer and more effective vaccines by altering the genetic structure of microorganisms, such as viruses, without changing their proteins. This method enhances vaccine safety and efficacy while minimizing the risk of reversion to virulence. Recoding enhances the frequency of CpG dinucleotides, which in turn activates immune responses and ensures a strong attenuation of the pathogens. Recent advancements highlight synonymous recoding's potential, offering improved genetic stability and immunogenicity compared to traditional methods. Live vaccines attenuated using classical methods pose a risk of reversion to virulence and can be time-consuming to produce. Synonymous recoding, involving numerous codon alterations, boosts safety and vaccine stability. One challenge is balancing attenuation with yield; however, innovations like Zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP) knockout cell lines can enhance vaccine production. Beyond viral vaccines, recoding can apply to bacterial vaccines, as exemplified by modified <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> strains, which show reduced virulence. Despite promising results, challenges like ensuring genetic stability, high yield, and regulatory approval remain. Briefly, ongoing research aims to harness these innovations for comprehensive improvements in vaccine design and deployment. In this commentary, we sought to further engage the community's interest in this elegant approach by briefly highlighting its main advantages, disadvantages, and future prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and Clinical Benefits of Bivalent Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F (RSVpreF) Maternal Vaccine for Prevention of RSV in Infants: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Mexico.","authors":"José Luis Huerta, Robyn Kendall, Luka Ivkovic, Carlos Molina, Amy W Law, Diana Mendes","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010077","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory infections in children. A novel RSVpreF vaccine for use among pregnant women for the prevention of RSV in infants is expected to be licensed in Mexico. Hence, the clinical and economic burden of RSV among infants in Mexico, with and without a year-round RSVpreF maternal vaccination program, was estimated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort model was developed to project clinical and economic outcomes of RSV from birth to 1 year of age for maternal vaccination and no intervention. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated from direct cost outcomes, life years, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). The value per dose of the RSVpreF for which the program would be cost-effective was explored. Analyses were conducted from the healthcare system perspective, with direct costs (2024 Mexican Pesos [MXN]) and outcomes discounted at 5% annually; scenario and sensitivity analyses tested the robustness of model settings and inputs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to no intervention, a year-round RSVpreF vaccine administered to 1891 M pregnant women would prevent 15,768 hospitalizations, 5505 emergency department cases, and 5505 physician office visits annually, averting MXN 1754 M in direct medical costs with an increase of 3402 life years or 3666 QALYs. The RSVpreF vaccine would be cost-saving up to MXN 1301/dose and cost-effective up to MXN 2105-MXN 3715/dose under an assumed cost-effectiveness threshold range of 1-3× the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (MXN 247,310) per QALY gained.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Year-round RSVpreF maternal vaccination would substantially reduce RSV's clinical and economic burden among infants in Mexico and likely be a cost-effective program.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Dendritic Cells in Adaptive Immune Response Induced by OVA/PDDA Nanoparticles.","authors":"Daniele R Pereira, Yunys Pérez-Betancourt, Bianca C L F Távora, Geraldo S Magalhães, Ana Maria Carmona-Ribeiro, Eliana L Faquim-Mauro","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13010076","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13010076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objective</b>: Cationic polymers were shown to assemble with negatively charged proteins yielding nanoparticles (NPs). Poly-diallyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride (PDDA) combined with ovalbumin (OVA) yielded a stable colloidal dispersion (OVA/PDDA-NPs) eliciting significant anti-OVA immune response. Dendritic cells (DCs), as sentinels of foreign antigens, exert a crucial role in the antigen-specific immune response. Here, we aimed to evaluate the involvement of DCs in the immune response induced by OVA/PDDA. <b>Methods</b>: In vivo experiments were used to assess the ability of OVA/PDDA-NPs to induce anti-OVA antibodies by ELISA, as well as plasma cells and memory B cells using flow cytometry. Additionally, DC migration to draining lymph nodes following OVA/PDDA-NP immunization was evaluated by flow cytometry. In vitro experiments using bone marrow-derived DCs (BM-DCs) were used to analyze the binding and uptake of OVA/PDDA-NPs, DC maturation status, and their antigen-presenting capacity. <b>Results:</b> Our data confirmed the potent effect of OVA/PDDA-NPs inducing anti-OVA IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies with increased CD19⁺CD138⁺ plasma cells and CD19⁺CD38⁺CD27⁺ memory cells in immunized mice. OVA/PDDA-NPs induced DC maturation and migration to draining lymph nodes. The in vitro results showed higher binding and the uptake of OVA/PDDA-NPs by BM-DCs. In addition, the NPs were able to induce the upregulation of costimulatory and MHC-II molecules on DCs, as well as TNF-α and IL-12 production. Higher OVA-specific T cell proliferation was promoted by BM-DCs incubated with OVA/PDDA-NPs. <b>Conclusions</b>: The data showed the central role of DCs in the induction of antigen-specific immune response by OVA-PDDA-NPs, thus proving that these NPs are a potent adjuvant for subunit vaccine design.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}