Urology Annals最新文献

{"title":"Difference between magnetic versus conventional ureteral stents in morbidity and efficiency after double J stents removal: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Kharisma Prasetya Adhyatma, Muhammad Haritsyah Warli, Elbert, Felix Khosasi, Dianita Halimah Harahap","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_99_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_99_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Ureteral stents are crucial in urological surgery, promoting urine passage and preventing obstruction. They have undergone design, material, and covering changes to minimize pain and enhance efficiency. Researchers are exploring the use of magnetic stents, which use magnets attached to the stent's end.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This research aims to evaluate and analyze the expulsion of magnetic double J (DJ) stents as compared to conventional methods DJ stents, using qualitative and quantitative data from the literature about morbidity, discomfort, cost, duration, safety, and efficiency.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>RCTs comparing the removal of magnetic DJ stents to conventional stents were identified through an extensive search Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane from January 2014 to January 2024. The search methodology and criteria for eligibility were developed using a modified PICO framework, and the risk of bias in the RCTs was evaluated with the RoB-2 tool. The removal duration, ureteral stent symptom questionnaire (USSQ), and pain (measured by visual analog scale) were pooled for meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>The Cochrane Collaboration tool called Review Manager 5.4 will be used to collect quantitative data. The main outcome was evaluated using continuous data, with the mean difference (MD) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) applied. A <i>P</i> < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Heterogeneity between studies will be evaluated in this meta-analysis using <i>I</i>² (<i>I</i>²; Inconsistency).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were six RCT studies involving 570 participants that were finally eligible for the quantitative analysis. Magnetic DJ stent was found to significantly shorten the duration of removal (MD -30.51; 95% CI, -51.82--9.21; <i>P</i> = 0.005) and less pain during removal (MD -2.71; 95% CI, -3.74--1.68; <i>P</i> < 0.00001) than conventional DJ stent. USSQ scores for urinary symptoms (MD 1.88; 95% CI, 0.56-3.19; <i>P</i> = 0.005) and sexual matters (MD 1.18; 95% CI, 0.54-1.82; <i>P</i> = 0.0003) were significantly higher for magnetic than for conventional stents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Magnetic DJ stent removal offers enhanced safety, efficiency, less pain, a shorter time of removal, and lower costs compared to conventional methods. However, it has a higher UUSQ score for urinary symptoms and sexual matters.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 2","pages":"97-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy, retrograde intrarenal surgery, and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for lower-pole renal stones: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Abdullah Barghash Alanazi, Rawan Marzooq Alsolami, Abdulaziz Albalawi, Abdullah Almousa, Abdullatif Alhassan, Mutlaq Alotaibi, Hossam S El-Tholoth, Ahmed Alzahrani, Abdulrahman F Alruwaily","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_60_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_60_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous therapeutic strategies have been developed as a result of the rise in the prevalence of renal stones. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) are currently available treatments for lower-pole renal stones (LPRSs). This systematic review and meta-main analysis's primary objective were to assess the requisite studies that examined the effectiveness of ESWL, RIRS, and PCNL for treating LPRS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study adhered to PRISMA guidelines' guiding principles. In two stages, the desired studies were extracted. In the initial screening, we identified 850 related articles from the years 2004 to 2022 using the keywords. Unfortunately, 350 studies were disqualified because they failed to meet our inclusion requirements; the remaining studies underwent additional screening. In the second stage, two authors went through the entire text of the articles and found duplicates and missing data. Ten articles were eventually selected for the research's conclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PCNL and RIRS had higher stone-free rates than ESWL and needed fewer treatment sessions out of the total of 10 clinical trials that were considered to be eligible. While ESWL required more ESWL sessions, operative time and complications seemed to benefit ESWL over PCNL. RIRS looked to be the most efficient technique for treating stones in the lower pole that were up to 1 cm in diameter.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To achieve stone-free status over a brief period of time and with the fewest number of sessions, the management of LPRS should probably be PCNL or RIRS, according to the pooled meta-analysis of the eligible trials in our systematic review. RIRS was more effective than ESWL for stones <10 mm in size. The choice between the two methods (PCNL or RIRS) should be made specifically for each patient depending on their anatomical characteristics, comorbidities, and preferences as deemed appropriate by the attending clinician.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 2","pages":"74-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness radial shockwave therapy versus focused linear shockwave therapy as an erectile dysfunction treatment systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Taufik Ramadhani, Syah Mirsya Warli, Ramlan Nasution, Dhirajaya Dharma Kadar, Muhammad Haritsyah Warli","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_13_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_13_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-intensity shockwave therapy (SWT) is a promising non-invasive treatment for vasculogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). Two primary modalities, focused linear shockwave therapy (fSWT) and radial shockwave therapy (rSWT), differ in energy delivery and tissue penetration. While fSWT is well-studied, rSWT remains less explored for ED despite its growing use. This study compares the effectiveness of fSWT and rSWT in improving erectile function. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Relevant studies published between 2009 and 2024 were identified through searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library. Studies assessing erectile function using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM), or Erection Hardness Score (EHS) were included. A random-effects model was applied to analyze standardized mean differences (SMD) and address heterogeneity. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed that fSWT demonstrated superior efficacy compared to rSWT, with an SMD of 0.45 (95% CI: 0.04-0.86; <i>P</i> < 0.005). High heterogeneity was observed (<i>I</i>² = 80% for rSWT; <i>I</i>² = 99% for fSWT). fSWT and rSWT improved erectile function, but fSWT consistently produces better outcomes across IIEF-5, SHIM, and EHS scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 2","pages":"84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome angioembolization in patient with high-flow priapism: A systematic review.","authors":"Derri Hafa Nurfajri, Dahril Dahril","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_94_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_94_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-flow priapism (HFP) is a rare disorder that causes prolonged, painless erections. Because it has the potential to permanently damage erectile function, HFP should be promptly treated to regain potency. The suggested therapies for nonischemic priapism include surgical ligation of the arteriocavernous fistulae or selective arterial embolization. However, extensive studies regarding angioembolization in priapismus patients are still lacking, while most of them were case reports, this article aimed to compile and reviewed the available studies regarding therapeutic angioembolization as the management modality of priapism. This systematic review was carried out using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklists. We included 16 studies involving 52 patients in this review. Our review found that angioembolization had favorable rates of clinical symptom alleviation and favorable rates of erectile function improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 2","pages":"69-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring quality of life and social impacts in living kidney donors: Insights from tertiary hospitals Saudi Arabia: A 2-year cross-sectional study from 2022 to 2024.","authors":"Fadil Hassan, Aseel Jarwan, Abdullah Alsubaey, Mohammed Bogari, Abdullah Aldawsari, Faisal Alsabhi, Amin Qusti, Muhammed Shahzad","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_113_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_113_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic kidney disease is a global health challenge, often progressing to end-stage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapies such as dialysis or transplantation. Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment due to its superior effectiveness in improving survival and quality of life compared to dialysis. In addition, living kidney donation, while generally safe, may impact the donor's psychological and social well-being. The present study investigates the quality of life and social outcomes of living kidney donors, offering important insights into donor experiences in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between 2022 and 2024. A total of 224 kidney donors participated, with data collected through telephone interviews using the validated Perceived Donation Consequences Scale to assess psychosocial outcomes, including physical health, quality of life, and social relationships. Demographic data were extracted from electronic medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 224 kidney donors participated in the study. The majority of donors were male (72.8%) and married (66.1%), with 79.9% donating to immediate family members. The study showed that 48.2% reported improved quality of life. Moreover, 90.2% of donors would choose to donate again, and 86.6% would recommend donation to others. While 75.4% of donors reported that the surgery met their expectations, 29% experienced ongoing physical symptoms such as pain and fatigue. Psychosocial outcomes were generally positive, with 78.6% reporting no negative impact on family relationships and 70.1% indicating that their job prospects were unaffected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that kidney donation generally leads to high levels of satisfaction and positive psychosocial outcomes for donors. While most donors reported improved quality of life and strong motivation to donate again, a subset experienced ongoing physical symptoms such as pain and fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 2","pages":"112-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type II diabetes miletus: Does it increase the chance to fail the first trail of void following transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)?","authors":"Abdullah Alkhayal, Omar Badr Alfraidi, Abdulaziz Alhussaini, Abdullah Alsaghyir, Ali I Alqobaisi, Bader Alsaikhan, Abdulaziz Alathel, Yasser A Noureldin","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_107_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_107_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remains the gold standard surgical approach for benign prostatic obstruction. Our aim in this study was to assess factors affecting failure of the first trial of void (TOV) post-TURP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study that included all patients who underwent TURP from January 2016 to January 2020 at our tertiary care endourology center. Patients and prostate characteristics were collected. Patients who developed complications intraoperatively were excluded. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify factors which predict the failure of the first TOV. Furthermore, predictors of acute urinary retention within 30 days from TURP were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 263 patients who underwent TURP were collected. The mean age was 72.76 ± 8.65 years. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were 50.2% and hypertension were 64.6%. The majority of patients, 78%, had a history of retention before TURP and the most commonly used medication before the operation was alpha-blocker. On univariate analysis, patients who were on Foley's catheter and patients who had type II DM were associated with significantly higher failure of first TOV (15.2% vs. 5.9%; <i>P</i> = 0.031) and (18.2% vs. 6.1%; <i>P</i> = 0.003). However, the multivariable analysis revealed that only patients with type II DM had six times (odds ratios: 5.837; <i>P</i> = 0.006) higher chance to fail the first TOV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Type II DM was associated with six times increase in the incidence of failure of the first TOV following TURP.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 2","pages":"92-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12063911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney stone characteristics in diabetics versus nondiabetics at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Ibrahim Basem Nafadi, Abdullah Ahmed Alsulami, Nawaf Faisal Halabi, Abdulrahman Abdullah Alsubhi, Sami Wessam Maghrabi, Waleed Saad Alshehri, Majed Ramadan, Anwar Khan, Suhaib Radi","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_55_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_55_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kidney stones can significantly impact individuals, but existing literature often overlooks the comprehensive effects by not considering the various factors such as stone size, presence of obstruction, and treatment methods, among those with and without diabetes. This study seeks to explore the relationship between diabetes and kidney stone formation, addressing these gaps in research.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study assesses the diverse impacts of kidney stones on adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and nondiabetic adults from 2019 to 2022 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Institutional review board approval was secured for this research. Data collection occurred from December 1, 2022, to March 1, 2023, and the analysis was performed using SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 254 adults diagnosed with kidney stones, 127 with type 2 diabetes, and 127 nondiabetics. Our study showed that the individuals with diabetes were more likely to have larger kidney stones than those without diabetes (13.12 mm vs. 10.53 mm, <i>P</i> = 0.03). Moreover, individuals with hypertension and dyslipidemia also had significantly larger stones. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the presence of obstruction and the treatment modality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that in Saudi Arabia, individuals with diabetes who also suffer from kidney stones tend to develop larger stones. In addition, these individuals frequently exhibit other comorbid conditions, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and renal disease. The significance of these findings may inform future strategies for both primary and secondary prevention of kidney stones in diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 1","pages":"26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dr. Kitab Eid Alotaibi 1942-2024.","authors":"Mohammed Abomelha","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_85_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_85_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miniperc percutaneous nephrolithotomy versus retrograde intrarenal surgery in the treatment of juxta uretero-pelvic junction upper ureteric calculi: A prospective, randomized control study.","authors":"T P Pradhyumna Koushik, Vivek Meyyappan, Nakul Baban Aher, Hariharasudhan Sekar, Gayathri Thiruvengadam, Sriram Krishnamoorthy","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_48_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_48_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Treatment of upper ureteric calculi has always remained a challenge for urologists. Treating the juxta-UPJ stones has been even more challenging. Difficulties in access, the possibility of up migration of stones, higher chances of leaving behind residual fragments, and the need for ancillary procedures like ESWL or relook URS have been a few inherent limitations in treating such stones. Offering PCNL for smaller stones was considered an overkill by many urologists. However, with the advent of miniaturized PCNL and improvisations in RIRS techniques, more and more of such stones are tackled with ease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the safety and efficacy of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Miniperc PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in the management of juxta pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ) calculi, located between 1 and 2 cm from PUJ.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective, randomized study was done on 100 patients with upper ureteric stones up to 2 cm in size and within 2 cm from PUJ. Patients with odd numbers were assigned Group A (Miniperc PCNL, <i>n</i> = 50) and even numbers were assigned to Group B (RIRS, <i>n</i> = 50).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Stone-free rates were 92% for Group A and 72% for Group B (<i>P</i> < 0.0174). Mean operative time was significantly shorter in Group A than Group B (53.2 min vs. 68.52 min, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Hospital stay was longer for Group A (47.42 h) compared to Group B (29.36 h, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Lasing time was more with RIRS than with PCNL (10.18 min vs. 3.24 min, <i>P</i> < 0.001). The complications were more in Group A than Group B, but not significant (<i>P</i> = 0.160). Postoperative pain and time to return to normal activities were significantly better in Group B RIRS (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both Miniperc PCNL and RIRS are the effective treatments for upper ureteric stones. Miniperc PCNL has advantages in terms of shorter operative time, lesser lasing time, and better stone free rates. RIRS demonstrated reduced hospital stay, reduced postoperative pain, and quicker recovery. Miniperc PCNL showed a higher stone-free rate for treating upper ureteric stones up to 2 cm. RIRS is effective for treating stones up to 2 cm in upper ureter reducing the complications associated with Miniperc PCNL.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 1","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender bias in urology: The role of gender in selecting urology as a medical specialty.","authors":"Mansour Alnazari, Abdullah K Aljohani, Emad S Rajih, Abdulaziz Bakhsh, Ghadi S Alghamdi, Faris S Sebaa, Ali A Alraddadi, Adel Moalwi","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_65_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_65_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gender inequality has been prevalent in the history of medicine, specifically within surgical specialties. Although there have been advances, urology has remained overwhelmingly male-dominant, with slow growth in female recruitment.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to assess whether the gender influences selection of medical specialty, especially gender bias in urology.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students in Saudi Arabian medical schools to explore the influence of gender on urology specialty selection. Data were collected from November 2023 to June 2024 using a structured questionnaire administered electronically. A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the questionnaire's reliability and clarity. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The questionnaire demonstrated acceptable reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total study participants were 602 medical students. The dataset reveals a balanced gender representation, with males constituting 55.6% and females 44.4%. A substantial majority, 94.5%, expressed a definitive willingness to pursue further residency training following graduation, indicating a robust commitment to advancing their medical careers. However, while evaluating interest in urology, the statistics revealed a potential disparity, with only 43.2% affirmatively considering urology as a specialty, contrasted against 56.8% who would not. The study shows that the participants' considering urology as a specialty has a statistically significant relation to gender (<i>P</i> = 0.0001) as 72.3% of those who would consider the specialty were males compared to only 27.7% for females. The data also show a concerning trend where 21.8% of those uninterested in urology reported insufficient exposure during medical school as a deterrent, while others found the specialty to be embarrassing or simply uninteresting, accounting for 70.8% of the negative responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals a significant gender disparity in urology specialty selection among medical students. While the majority of students intend to pursue residency training, male students are significantly more likely to consider urology as a specialty compared to female students. Factors such as limited exposure and negative perceptions contribute to the underrepresentation of women in urology. Addressing these issues is crucial to achieving gender equality within the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"17 1","pages":"17-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}