Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology最新文献_第10页

Extrinsic regulation of hematopoietic stem cells in development, homeostasis and diseases. 造血干细胞在发育、体内平衡和疾病中的外在调节。

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 Epub Date: 2017-05-31 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.279

Yeojin Lee, Matthew Decker, Heather Lee, Lei Ding

引用次数: 18

Phenotypic plasticity and remodeling in the stress-induced Caenorhabditis elegans dauer. 应激诱导的秀丽隐杆线虫道氏体的表型可塑性和重塑。

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 Epub Date: 2017-05-24 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.278

Rebecca J Androwski, Kristen M Flatt, Nathan E Schroeder

{"title":"Phenotypic plasticity and remodeling in the stress-induced Caenorhabditis elegans dauer.","authors":"Rebecca J Androwski, Kristen M Flatt, Nathan E Schroeder","doi":"10.1002/wdev.278","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wdev.278","url":null,"abstract":"Organisms are often capable of modifying their development to better suit their environment. Under adverse conditions, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans develops into a stress-resistant alternative larval stage called dauer. The dauer stage is the primary survival stage for C. elegans in nature. Large-scale tissue remodeling during dauer conveys resistance to harsh environments. The environmental and genetic regulation of the decision to enter dauer has been extensively studied. However, less is known about the mechanisms regulating tissue remodeling. Changes to the cuticle and suppression of feeding in dauers lead to an increased resistance to external stressors. Meanwhile reproductive development arrests during dauer while preserving the ability to reproduce once favorable environmental conditions return. Dramatic remodeling of neurons, glia, and muscles during dauer likely facilitate dauer-specific behaviors. Dauer-specific pulsation of the excretory duct likely mediates a response to osmotic stress. The power of C. elegans genetics has uncovered some of the molecular pathways regulating dauer tissue remodeling. In addition to genes that regulate single remodeling events, several mutants result in pleiotropic defects in dauer remodeling. This review details the individual aspects of morphological changes that occur during dauer formation and discusses molecular mechanisms regulating these processes. The dauer stage provides us with an excellent model for understanding phenotypic plasticity and remodeling from the individual cell to an entire animal. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e278. doi: 10.1002/wdev.278 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.","PeriodicalId":23630,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5626018/pdf/nihms872199.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35027397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mouth development. 口发展。

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 Epub Date: 2017-05-17 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.275

Justin Chen, Laura A Jacox, Francesca Saldanha, Hazel Sive

{"title":"Mouth development.","authors":"Justin Chen, Laura A Jacox, Francesca Saldanha, Hazel Sive","doi":"10.1002/wdev.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.275","url":null,"abstract":"A mouth is present in all animals, and comprises an opening from the outside into the oral cavity and the beginnings of the digestive tract to allow eating. This review focuses on the earliest steps in mouth formation. In the first half, we conclude that the mouth arose once during evolution. In all animals, the mouth forms from ectoderm and endoderm. A direct association of oral ectoderm and digestive endoderm is present even in triploblastic animals, and in chordates, this region is known as the extreme anterior domain (EAD). Further support for a single origin of the mouth is a conserved set of genes that form a 'mouth gene program' including foxA and otx2. In the second half of this review, we discuss steps involved in vertebrate mouth formation, using the frog Xenopus as a model. The vertebrate mouth derives from oral ectoderm from the anterior neural ridge, pharyngeal endoderm and cranial neural crest (NC). Vertebrates form a mouth by breaking through the body covering in a precise sequence including specification of EAD ectoderm and endoderm as well as NC, formation of a 'pre-mouth array,' basement membrane dissolution, stomodeum formation, and buccopharyngeal membrane perforation. In Xenopus, the EAD is also a craniofacial organizer that guides NC, while reciprocally, the NC signals to the EAD to elicit its morphogenesis into a pre-mouth array. Human mouth anomalies are prevalent and are affected by genetic and environmental factors, with understanding guided in part by use of animal models. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e275. doi: 10.1002/wdev.275 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.","PeriodicalId":23630,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/wdev.275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35003118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Signaling and epigenetic mechanisms of intestinal stem cells and progenitors: insight into crypt homeostasis, plasticity, and niches. 肠道干细胞和祖细胞的信号传导和表观遗传机制:对隐窝稳态、可塑性和生态位的洞察。

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 Epub Date: 2017-06-23 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.281

Ryan J Smith, Abilasha Rao-Bhatia, Tae-Hee Kim

{"title":"Signaling and epigenetic mechanisms of intestinal stem cells and progenitors: insight into crypt homeostasis, plasticity, and niches.","authors":"Ryan J Smith, Abilasha Rao-Bhatia, Tae-Hee Kim","doi":"10.1002/wdev.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.281","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid turnover of intestinal epithelial cells is maintained by a small number of stem cells located in pocket-like gland structures called crypts. While our understanding of the identity and function of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) has rapidly progressed, epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in crypt stem cell and progenitor pools remains an active field of investigation. Surrounded by various types of cells in the stroma, crypt progenitors display high levels of plasticity, harboring the ability to interconvert in the face of epithelial damage. Recent studies analyzing epigenetic patterns of intestinal epithelial cells have provided evidence that plasticity is maintained by a broadly permissive epigenomic state, wherein cell-lineage specification is directed through activation of signaling pathways and transcription factor (TF) expression. New studies also have shown that the ISC niche, which is comprised of surrounding epithelial and mesenchymal tissues, plays a crucial role in supporting the maintenance and differentiation of stem cells by providing contextual information in the form of signaling cascades, such as Wnt, Notch, and Hippo. These cascades ultimately govern TF expression to promote early cell-lineage decisions in both crypt stem cells and progenitors. Highlighting recent studies investigating signaling, transcriptional, and epigenetic mechanisms of intestinal epithelial cells, we will discuss the mechanisms underlying crypt homeostasis, plasticity, and niches. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e281. doi: 10.1002/wdev.281 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.","PeriodicalId":23630,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/wdev.281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35114971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Electrophysiological analysis of synaptic transmission in Drosophila. 果蝇突触传递的电生理分析

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 Epub Date: 2017-05-24 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.277

Maria Bykhovskaia, Alexander Vasin

{"title":"Electrophysiological analysis of synaptic transmission in Drosophila.","authors":"Maria Bykhovskaia, Alexander Vasin","doi":"10.1002/wdev.277","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wdev.277","url":null,"abstract":"Synaptic transmission is dynamic, plastic, and highly regulated. Drosophila is an advantageous model system for genetic and molecular studies of presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms and plasticity. Electrical recordings of synaptic responses represent a wide-spread approach to study neuronal signaling and synaptic transmission. We discuss experimental techniques that allow monitoring synaptic transmission in Drosophila neuromuscular and central systems. Recordings of synaptic potentials or currents at the larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) are most common and provide numerous technical advantages due to robustness of the preparation, large and identifiable muscles, and synaptic boutons which can be readily visualized. In particular, focal macropatch recordings combined with the analysis of neurosecretory quanta enable rigorous quantification of the magnitude and kinetics of transmitter release. Patch-clamp recordings of synaptic transmission from the embryonic NMJ enable overcoming the problem of lethality in mutant lines. Recordings from the adult NMJ proved instrumental in the studies of temperature-sensitive paralytic mutants. Genetic studies of behavioral learning in Drosophila compel an investigation of synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS), including primary cultured neurons and an intact brain. Cholinergic and GABAergic synaptic transmission has been recorded from the Drosophila CNS both in vitro and in vivo. In vivo patch-clamp recordings of synaptic transmission from the neurons in the olfactory pathway is a very powerful approach, which has a potential to elucidate how synaptic transmission is associated with behavioral learning. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e277. doi: 10.1002/wdev.277 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.","PeriodicalId":23630,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5980642/pdf/nihms970501.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35028126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methods for studying the metabolic basis of Drosophila development. 果蝇发育代谢基础的研究方法。

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-09-01 Epub Date: 2017-05-26 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.280

Hongde Li, Jason M Tennessen

引用次数: 23

Quantification of epithelial cell proliferation, cell dynamics, and cell kinetics in vivo. 上皮细胞增殖、细胞动力学和体内细胞动力学的定量。

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-07-01 Epub Date: 2017-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.274

Robert A Goodlad

{"title":"Quantification of epithelial cell proliferation, cell dynamics, and cell kinetics in vivo.","authors":"Robert A Goodlad","doi":"10.1002/wdev.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.274","url":null,"abstract":"The measurement of cell proliferation in vivo is usually carried out by the examination of static measures. These comprise the mitotic index or labeling indices using incorporation of DNA synthesis markers such as bromodeoxyuridine or tritiated thymidine, or intrinsic markers, such as Ki67 and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). But static measures only provide a 'snapshot' of cell proliferation. Rate measures, including double labeling methods and the metaphase arrest method, can actually measure cell production rates but they are far less utilized at present. Transit times and migration rates can also be measured using pulse and chase labeling or by following the transit of labeled cells through the tissue. Simple indices of cell division can easily be confounded by concomitant changes in the compartment size and many alleged markers of proliferation have serious shortcomings, as the markers may be involved in multiple aspects of cell regulation. The complexities of studying proliferation in vivo are illustrated here with a focus on the gastrointestinal tract. Some of these methods can help elucidate the role of the stem cells and their relationship to label retaining cells. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e274. doi: 10.1002/wdev.274 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.","PeriodicalId":23630,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/wdev.274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34969173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

The two domain hypothesis of limb prepattern and its relevance to congenital limb anomalies. 肢体预模式的二域假设及其与先天性肢体异常的关系。

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-07-01 Epub Date: 2017-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.270

Hirotaka Tao, Yasuhiko Kawakami, Chi-Chung Hui, Sevan Hopyan

引用次数: 9

Potential mechanisms of Zika-linked microcephaly. 与寨卡病毒相关的小头畸形的潜在机制。

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-07-01 Epub Date: 2017-04-06 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.273

Emily Merfeld, Lily Ben-Avi, Mason Kennon, Kara L Cerveny

引用次数: 0

Morphogen interpretation: concentration, time, competence, and signaling dynamics. 形态形成解释:浓度、时间、能力和信号动力学。

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2017-07-01 Epub Date: 2017-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.271

Andreas Sagner, James Briscoe

引用次数: 122