Water Environment Research最新文献

{"title":"Assessing Acinetobacter junii MKVVM4 IITBHU Mediated Remediation for As(III) and As(V).","authors":"Manoj Kumar Verma, Vishal Mishra","doi":"10.1002/wer.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present work, an arsenic (As) resistant bacterium has been isolated from the Ganga River, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. The isolate was identified as Acinetobacter junii MKVVM4 IITBHU (NCBI accession no. ON248394). A. junii MKVVM4 IITBHU could grow in As(V) and As(III) up to 4000 and 3000 ppm, respectively. The isolated strain showed amplification of genes like arsC (As(V) reductase), aioA (As(III) Oxidase), arrA (As(V) respiratory reductase), and arsM (As(III) S adenosylmethionine methyltransferase) in targeted amplification. SEM images of A. junii MKVVM4 IITBHU showed that bacterial cells in the initial development phase had coccobacilli-like morphology having a tail. Elemental mapping and EDS spectrum confirmed the arsenic accumulation within the bacterial cells. There were peak shifts of negatively charged functional groups like amine, alkenes, carboxyl, and hydroxyl in As(III) and As(V) mediums compared to the control group on the cell surface. This work gives insight into the resistance mechanism of A. junii MKVVM4 IITBHU against arsenic. The present work also reports the metabolic requirements of A. junii MKVVM4 IITBHU for environmental persistence and its potential utility in the bioremediation of As(III) and As(V) from the contaminated sites. SUMMARY: The isolate can tolerate 4000 and 3000 ppm of As(V) and As(III), respectively. Bacterial arsenic-resistant gene amplification explains arsenic bioremediation. As(V) facilitated the rapid growth of the isolate as compared to the Control. The diauxic growth in the As(V) medium indicated towards the preferred substrate. Isolate in the early stage of growth showed a tailed structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passive Sampling of Urban Runoff Solids to Capture Environmental DNA for the Detection of Rodents in Urban Spaces.","authors":"Mark Edward Jolejole, Mai Uchida, Ayane Itakura, Tomohiro Tobino, Kazunari Sei, Fumiyuki Nakajima","doi":"10.1002/wer.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In urban environments, runoff may contain environmental DNA (eDNA) from nuisance animals, but its potential has not been investigated. Conventional eDNA methods, such as water sampling, may not be applicable to the detection of nuisance animals in urban areas due to the scarcity of target eDNA attributable to the sporadic contact of the animals with water sources, and the limited volume of samples collected may lead to false negative results. Given these limitations, this study aimed to develop a passive sampling method for the collection of runoff solids for the detection of rodents (mouse and rat) in urban areas using eDNA. The developed sampling method successfully collected 0.3-16.7 g dry weight of runoff solids per sampling event. Collected runoff samples contained 8.0-58.1 μg total DNA/g dry weight sample and were characterized by the presence of PCR inhibitors. Following the removal of these inhibitors, mouse eDNA was detected (albeit below the limit of quantification) using a designed species-specific assay. The results of this study demonstrate that runoff solids are a viable eDNA source for the detection of animals in urban environments. However, further work is required to improve the quantification of target DNA. Nevertheless, the developed methodology may provide new and important information on the ecology of animals in urban spaces that can be incorporated into the management of nuisance animals in urban areas. SUMMARY: A passive sampling scheme was successfully designed and captured 0.3-16.7 g dry weight of urban runoff solids in two sites in an urban space. Collected solids contain 8.0-58.1 μg/g of eDNA, which also contain PCR inhibitors which must be removed prior to qPCR. Mouse DNA was detected in six out of 19 samples, but the detections were below the determined quantification limit. This new passive sampling scheme can be applied for terrestrial animal detection in urban spaces to potentially track hidden animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Dewatering Polyacrylic Acid-Alginate-Graphene Oxide Hydrogel as an Osmotic Drawing Agent in Groundwater Fertigation.","authors":"Ahmed Mamdouh Aboulella, Adetunji Alabi, Maryam R Al Shehhi, Linda Zou","doi":"10.1002/wer.70110","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A PAG hydrogel was fabricated by crosslinking of polyacrylic acid (PAA), sodium alginate (SA), and graphene oxide (GO). The PAG hydrogel was used for the first time in the fertigation experiments, where the PAG hydrogel was infiltrated with potassium chloride (KCl) and then used to treat real groundwater and to prepare the diluted fertilizer solution, where 26.5 ± 3.5 mL of water was drawn and corresponding to 2.3 L/m² h, respectively, and the product water as diluted fertilizer solution achieved a concentration equivalent to 0.14-M KCl deemed suitable for irrigation application. The PAG hydrogel showed a high swelling ratio of 25.8. The PAG hydrogel incorporated with GO nanosheets increased the water drawn by 73% compared with the PA only hydrogel, which was attributed to the introduced slit-like channels by GO nanosheets within the polymeric matrix facilitating water passage. This work also reported using a self-dewatering hydrogel system where the combined weight of the feed solution and testing cell compressed out the absorbed water from the swelled hydrogel continuously. The work's results demonstrated that PAG enhanced by GO nanosheets could be a novel and sustainable draw agent material for fertigation applications, ensuring the treatment of groundwater without requiring additional energy. SUMMARY: PAG hydrogel with GO was fabricated and showed a high swelling ratio KCl-infiltrated PAG hydrogel was used to treat real groundwater in FO fertigation The diluted fertilizer solution was obtained and was suitable for irrigation GO in the hydrogel helped the water passage and increased the water drawn by 73% Hydrogel achieved self-dewatering due to weights of feed solution and testing cell.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Biochar-Infused Membranes for Efficient Pollutant Removal From Textile and Pharmaceutical Wastewater.","authors":"Karan Gupta, Priyanka Katiyar, Ajay Kale, Kavita Khatana, Sanjeev Yadav","doi":"10.1002/wer.70111","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, biochar infused polymeric mixed matrix are prepared by spin-coating technique for the adsorption of certain dye and antibiotic pollutants from wastewater samples. This method could potentially be economic in comparison to the classical methods for wastewater treatment. The adsorbent biochar infused in the MMMs is derived from pyrolysis of industrial spice waste (SW) and tannery waste (TW) at 500°C rather than pyrolysis of expensive virgin materials. After the characterization studies (proximate analysis, FESEM, BET, point of zero charge, and XRF) on the biochar and the membrane samples, the adsorption studies are carried out on Congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB) and tartrazine (Tz) dye, and metronidazole (Mz) and clindamycin hydrochloride (CH). It is found that SW biochar does not show any affinity towards antibiotics pollutant whereas TW biochar can adsorb dyes and antibiotics both. Membrane filtration exhibits slightly lower adsorption efficiency compared with batch adsorption using biochars alone; however, it offers faster processing and the advantage of continuous operation. For the optimization study, the initial concentration and pH of the solution were varied between 50-150 mg/L and pH 4-10, respectively. Maximum removal efficiencies of 60%, 83%, 58%, 47%, and 58% were achieved for CR, MB, Tz, Mz, and CH, respectively, at their optimized concentrations and pH conditions. Additionally, regeneration and reusability studies indicate that the membranes can be effectively regenerated by simple washing with distilled water and reused for up to five adsorption cycles. SUMMARY: Biochar infused membranes are produced using spin coater using spice waste and tannery waste. Surface area increases when biochar is infused with polymer to prepare membrane. Spice waste-based membranes show removal of methylene blue and Congo red dyes only. Tannery waste-based membranes can adsorb methylene blue, Congo red, metronidazole, and clindamycin.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon from plastic: Synthesis, characterization, and application in dye wastewater treatment.","authors":"Sharvari Deshmukh, Samruddhi Walaskar, Sunil Deokar, Anuja Rajendra Jadhav, Pranav Deepak Pathak","doi":"10.1002/wer.70092","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastic is one of the threats to the environment and human health, though it has contributed to the development of society in the past 150 years. Due to its diverse properties, lightweight, strong, heat resistant, highly convenient, waterproof, corrosion-resistant, non-biodegradable, and economical, it is popular in many applications. However, its non-biodegradable nature makes it a hazardous substance, and thus, it should be eliminated. The researchers have tried to convert this waste into valuable products from carbon-based material. These carbon-based materials include carbon nanotubes, carbon spheres, carbon nanosheets, carbon nanorods, mesoporous carbons, porous carbon, carbon-spheres, graphene, and activated carbon with diverse applications. One of the applications is used in wastewater treatment. Based on the research gap, this article focuses on synthesizing carbon-based material from PET water bottles and its application in methylene blue (MB) dye adsorption. Two catalysts, citric acid and ferric nitrate, were used for carbon synthesis, which shows a maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 14.90 mg/g (C_CA) and 13.22 mg/g (C_Fe), respectively. The adsorption kinetics follow PSO kinetics. The surface area observed was 8.06 and 2.12 m²/g for C_CA and C_Fe, respectively. The synthesized carbon has a good potential for removing MB from aqueous solutions, but further research is required to find other applications of the C_CA and C_Fe. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The article reviews the diverse synthesis methods of listed carbon-based materials and their possible applications Carbon was prepared from waste PET waste bottles using citric acid and ferric nitrate as catalysts Equilibrium isotherms, adsorption kinetics, and process thermodynamics were studied for the removal of methylene blue dye onto synthesized carbon The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 14.90 mg/g (C_CA) and 13.22 mg/g (C_Fe) was achieved The surface area observed was 8.06 and 2.12 m²/g for C_CA and C_Fe, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70092"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Review of Produced Water Management Using the Chlor-Alkali Process: Challenges and Future Prospects.","authors":"Wajid Ali, Chunqing Jiang, Hassan Dehghanpour","doi":"10.1002/wer.70124","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The utilization of produced water (PW) as a feedstock for chlor-alkali (CA) processes offers significant potential for sustainable chemical production. This review article examines the technical feasibility of transforming PW into valuable products such as caustic soda, chlorine, and hydrogen gases through electrochemical processes. The high salinity of PW is identified as a potential advantage for reducing energy consumption in CA processes. However, the variable composition and presence of impurities, including multivalent cations like Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Sr²⁺, and Fe²⁺, and high total organic carbon (TOC) levels, necessitate advanced pretreatment. Effective pretreatment strategies involve a combination of physical and chemical methods, such as coagulation, chemical softening, microfiltration and activated carbon filtration, to achieve high contaminant removal efficiencies. The review evaluates different CA cell configurations, highlighting that diaphragm cells exhibit superior tolerance to impurities compared with membrane-based electrolyzers. Furthermore, the optimization of electrode materials and electrocatalysts is crucial to minimizing overpotentials and preventing deactivation. The review concludes by emphasizing key challenges and suggested future research directions focused on developing cost-effective, high-performance electrodes and diaphragm materials, improving feed brine quality, and enhancing energy efficiency through optimization, process integration and renewable energy utilization. SUMMARY: Electrolysis of highly saline-treated produced water generates caustic soda, chlorine, and hydrogen as valuable co-products. On-site production of caustic soda from electrolysis can be effectively used in the chemical softening of produced water. Integrating hydrogen fuel cells with chlor-alkali processes increases overall energy efficiency and mitigates environmental impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption Performance of Zn(II)-Based Coordination Polymer (ZnMOF) Reinforced Magnetic Activated Biochar (CmBC-Fe₃O₄@ZnMOF) Hybrid Composites.","authors":"Muradiye Şahin, Yasin Arslan, Muhammet Atasoy, Mika Sillanpää","doi":"10.1002/wer.70113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evaluation of organic wastes originating from livestock as biochar is of great importance in terms of both economic and environmentally friendly sustainable material production. In this study, cow manure (C_m), an animal waste, was used for biochar (BC) production. The obtained biochar was activated with Fe₃O₄ and given magnetic properties (CmBC-Fe₃O₄), then modified with a Zn(II)-based coordination polymer (ZnMOF) to synthesize a hybrid material, CmBC-Fe₃O₄@ZnMOF. The synthesis of this innovative hybrid material was carried out in two stages: In the first stage, CmBC-Fe₃O₄ was obtained by in situ synthesis method. In the second stage, it was modified with ZnMOF synthesized by solvothermal method to obtain the innovative adsorbent of CmBC-Fe₃O₄@ZnMOF hybrid material. The synthesized CmBC-Fe₃O₄, ZnMOF, and CmBC-Fe₃O₄@ZnMOF were characterized by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), TG/DTA, and BET analyses. Based on kinetic feasibility, CmBC-Fe₃O₄@ZnMOF has the highest removal efficiency. The removal efficiencies of Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Mn(II) in the synthetic water sample were found to be 81.39%, 69.52%, 58.47%, and 32.53%, respectively. On the other hand, the corresponding removal efficiencies in the milk sample were found to be 64.63%, 43.02%, 30.62%, and 19.27%, respectively. Isotherm (Dubinin-Radushkevich, Freundlich, and Langmuir) and kinetic (Elovich, Ho-McKay, and Lagergren) models were used and mostly fit with Ho-McKay second-order rate equation and the Freundlich isotherm model. In addition, the reusability studies were carried out in three cycles, and it was observed that it can be used after three cycles without losing its efficiency. It was concluded that the CmBC-Fe₃O₄@ZnMOF hybrid material is an effective adsorbent with the potential to remove heavy metals from both water and milk solutions and its selectivity for Pb(II) and Cd(II) is higher than that for Cu(II), and Mn(II). SUMMARY: Hybrid material (CmBC-Fe₃O₄@ZnMOF) structures combining unit cells with different adsorption capacities. Zn(II)-based coordination polymer (ZnMOF) and activated magnetic biochar (CmBC-Fe₃O₄) were used to evaluate their performance on heavy metal removal from milk and synthetic water samples. CmBC-Fe₃O₄ was synthesized by a one-step in situ synthesis method and ZnMOF by solvothermal method. CmBC-Fe₃O₄@ZnMOF showed excellent and selective adsorption capacity especially for Pb(II) and Cd(II). The removal efficiencies for Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Mn(II) in synthetic water sample were found to be 81.39%, 69.52%, 58.47%, and 32.53%, respectively. The removal efficiencies for Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Mn(II) in milk sample were","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holistic approach towards pollution abatement of groundwater in major industrial belts of Jharsuguda District, Odisha, India and its modeling.","authors":"Pritisha Barik, Trinath Biswal","doi":"10.1002/wer.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The major aim of this study is to assess the level of contamination of the groundwater quality in the major industrial zone of Jharsuguda district, Odisha, using multivariate statistical techniques (Principal component analysis [PCA], cluster analysis [CA], and multivariate analysis of variance [MANOVA]) and a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) model. From physicochemical analysis, it was observed that although most of the parameters of water are beyond the permissible limit (World Health Organization [WHO]), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), and turbidity values are comparatively much higher. The result obtained from happy planet index (HPI), Nemerow's Pollution Index (NPI), and water quality index (WQI) shows that water is not suitable for human use. The WQI values range from 366.32 to 430.96 (class \"E\"). Class \"E\" indicates that the water is heavily contaminated and not suitable for human use. HPI values range from 454.02 to 1962.21, indicating high contamination of water. The feed-forward ANN model is used to determine the level of modeling performance, and the data are completely fitted by the regression predictions, as indicated by the values of R = 0.99 and R = 1. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The level of contamination and quality of the groundwater in major industrial zones of the Jharsuguda district is estimated through WQI, NPI, and HPI. Pearson's correlation shows the dynamic relationship among various parameters, whereas in one-way ANOVA, P<0.05 indicates high contamination of the groundwater. Multivariate statistical analyses such as CA, MANOVA, and PCA are used to detect the variability of the different parameters. Feed-forward ANN modeling is used to know about the correlation among various water parameters and the comparison of the experimental values with predicted values. This study helps in achieving sustainable development goals related to clean water and sanitation, specifically in industrial areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Exploration of Groundwater Quality of Ambagarh Chowki Region, Chhattisgarh, India: Water Quality Index, Health Risk, and ANN Predictive Modeling.","authors":"Hemant Goyal, Rahul Lanjewar, Susmit Chitransh, Prasenjit Mondal","doi":"10.1002/wer.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Access to safe and clean drinking water remains a critical global challenge, with groundwater as a primary source for billions of people. Further, toxic contaminants increasingly threaten groundwater quality, posing significant health risks. This study analyzed groundwater from 52 villages of Ambagarh Chowki region, Chhattisgarh, for 15 physicochemical parameters to evaluate spatial variation, develop inter-parameter correlations, and compute a water quality index (WQI) to classify water for drinking purposes. Human health risk assessment (HHRA) was performed to quantify non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for adults and children through oral and dermal exposure pathways. Predictive modeling using artificial neural networks (ANN) was also conducted to enable efficient and accurate WQI prediction for large datasets. The regions have shown significant spatial variation of pH, TDS, Fe, As, and fluoride concentrations above their permissible limits. The findings revealed that 12% of the samples were of excellent quality, 36% good, 31.8% poor, 7% very poor, and 13.2% unfit for drinking. Carcinogenic risks were significant at 21.55% of sampling points for adults and 57.3% for children. The ANN model demonstrated high predictive accuracy (𝑅² = 0.99, MSE = 0.843), confirming its applicability for rapid WQI prediction. Further, strong correlation has not been observed between the water quality parameters. This study highlights the critical health risks of contaminated groundwater in the Ambagarh Chowki region. It demonstrates the potential of integrating WQI, HHRA, and ANN modeling for comprehensive water quality evaluation and effective decision-making. These findings contribute to addressing global water resource challenges by providing scalable and actionable solutions. SUMMARY: Developed a water quality index (WQI) to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes. WQI indicates that 48% of samples have water quality suitable for drinking purposes. Identified severe groundwater contamination by arsenic and iron. Human health risk assessment (HHRA) indicates significant carcinogenic risks. Artificial neural network (ANN) modeling was used to predict the WQI.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geospatial and Multi-Index Assessment of Urban Lake Water Quality: Insights Into Pollution Sources and Irrigation Suitability in Udaipur, the Lake City of India.","authors":"Devesh Bharadwaj, Porush Kumar, Mahendra Pratap Choudhary","doi":"10.1002/wer.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban lake water quality is increasingly threatened by rapid urbanization and unregulated anthropogenic activities. This study evaluates the spatial and seasonal water quality of four major urban lakes in Udaipur-Fateh Sagar, Swaroop Sagar, Pichola, and Goverdhan Sagar-using an integrated approach that combines multiple water pollution indices (WQI, CPI, OPI, and EI) and irrigation suitability indices (SAR, KR, Na%, PI, TH, MH, RSC, and RSBC). An interlake comparative analysis was employed to examine spatial-temporal variations, while land use/land cover (LULC) mapping and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to identify dominant pollution sources. Results reveal significant spatial-temporal variation, with Goverdhan Sagar showing the highest pollution levels (WQI > 300, CPI > 1, OPI > 2.5, and EI > 0.01) due to sewage and industrial discharges, while Fateh Sagar had comparatively better water quality. Although irrigation suitability remained largely acceptable, elevated SAR and RSC levels pose long-term risks to soil health. PCA highlighted organic pollution, nutrient enrichment, and industrial effluents as key contributors to degradation. The study presents a replicable multi-index geospatial framework to support sustainable urban lake management and inform targeted pollution control strategies. SUMMARY: The present study evaluates pollution and irrigation suitability in Udaipur's four major lakes using multiple indices (WQI, CPI, OPI, EI, SAR, KR, Na%, and so on). The methodology includes an interlake comparative analysis, LULC analysis, and PCA to identify pollution hotspots and dominant pollution sources. Goverdhan Sagar exhibited the highest pollution (WQI > 300 and CPI > 1), while Fateh Sagar had the least contamination. Eutrophication was highest in Goverdhan Sagar. PCA identified organic pollution, nutrient enrichment, and industrial discharge as primary contributors to water quality degradation. The study recommends improved wastewater treatment, controlled fertilizer use, and land-use regulations to mitigate pollution and ensure sustainable freshwater ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 6","pages":"e70116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}