Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiological study of bovine trypanosomosis and potential vectors of African Animal Trypanosomosis in North-East Benin","authors":"Christophe Iwaka ,&nbsp;Erick Virgile Bertrand Azando ,&nbsp;Rogatien Agossa Tohozin ,&nbsp;Alassan Séidou Assani ,&nbsp;Eloi Y. Attakpa ,&nbsp;Pascal Abiodoun Olounladé ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Traoré Alkoiret ,&nbsp;Sylvie Mawulé Hounzangbé-Adoté","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The socio-economic impact of African Animal Trypanosomosis (AAT) makes it one of the major constraints to livestock development in Africa. Thus, in order to study the epidemiology of trypanosomosis in cattle, parasitological and entomological surveys were conducted. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis associated with entomological survey in cattle farms in North Benin. To this end, samples were taken from 823 cattle of the Borgou, Goudali, Yakana, Azawak, Zebu and mixed breeds. Microscopic examinations of blood smears stained with 10 % Giemsa gave an overall prevalence of 19.7 % (162/823). This prevalence was high in the crossbreeds (28.1 %) compared to the other breeds. Three species of trypanosomes were identified with a predominance of <em>T. vivax</em> (82.6 %) followed by <em>T. congolense</em> (9.8 %), <em>T. brucei</em> (2.8 %). Mixed infections (5.7 %) were also observed. The mean hematocrit ranged from 25.89 ± 5.46 to 30.31 ± 4.13 in the animals collected. Entomologically, the capture was done with Vavoua type monoconical traps placed in five different biotopes. Collection, sorting and identification revealed two species of tsetse (<em>Glossina p. gambiensis</em> and <em>Glossina morsitans submorsistans</em>). The overall Apparent Density per Trap (ADT) per day recorded was 0.66 flies with a variation from 0.16 flies at the SVD farm to 1.11 flies in the streams/lowlands. These results show that the risk of infection of animals in the environment remains high and can compromise cattle breeding. Therefore, control measures combining the vector, parasite and host must be taken to preserve animal health in Benin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial analysis of Fasciola hepatica prevalence in sheep flocks from Córdoba, Argentina using GWR and IDW models","authors":"María del R. Ahumada ,&nbsp;David Denegri ,&nbsp;Gabriel Caffe ,&nbsp;Michel V.H. Hick ,&nbsp;Juan M. Paz ,&nbsp;Santiago Aguilar ,&nbsp;Clara Celis Pirard ,&nbsp;y Carlos Motta","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Fasciola hepatica</em> is a zoonotic trematode with a widespread global distribution, impacting both livestock and humans. Despite its acknowledged effect on animal production, there is a lack of published data regarding its prevalence in sheep from the Córdoba province, Argentina. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of <em>F. hepatica</em> in flocks across six departments in northwestern Córdoba and to investigate the spatial and environmental factors associated with infection. A total of 894 fecal samples from 27 sheep flocks were analyzed using sedimentation techniques. The overall prevalence was found to be 46 %, with the highest values observed in the Cruz del Eje and Pocho departments (74 %). Spatial analysis utilizing Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation revealed a heterogeneous distribution, with a higher prevalence concentrated in the northern region. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) indicated that altitude was positively associated with prevalence, whereas a greater distance to water sources was negatively associated. These spatial patterns varied by subarea, underscoring the significance of local environmental conditions. Furthermore, 50 % of the farmers employed ineffective antiparasitic drugs, and only 5 % were aware of the zoonotic potential of the disease. This study constitutes the first spatially explicit report of ovine fasciolosis in Córdoba and underscores the necessity for targeted control strategies that consider local risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First molecular evidence for the presence of the canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, on the island of Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands","authors":"Taylor A. Davis ,&nbsp;Maureen A. Kelly ,&nbsp;Tiana L. Sanders ,&nbsp;Kris Anderson ,&nbsp;Rafael A.N. Ramos ,&nbsp;Guilherme G. Verocai","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blood filarioid nematodes pose a significant health impact on dogs worldwide. These parasites are mainly represented by species in the genera <em>Dirofilaria</em>, <em>Brugia</em>, and <em>Acanthocheilonema</em>. This study aimed to molecularly detect filarioid nematodes of dogs from Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, using a pan-filarial PCR method. Whole blood samples (<em>n</em> = 443) were collected during an island-wide spay-and-neuter event. Genomic DNA was extracted, and the lysates were subjected to conventional PCR targeting a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit 1 gene, followed by sequencing. Filarioid nematode DNA was found in 11.2 % (8.4–14.6 %, CI 95 %) (<em>n</em> = 50/443) of samples. Forty-seven high-quality sequences were confirmed as <em>Dirofilaria immitis</em> through BLAST search and phylogenetic analysis. Sequences were 100 % identical to each other. Dog's age (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), residing district (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and ownership status (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) were statistically associated with <em>D. immitis</em> molecular detection. This is the first molecular detection of <em>D. immitis</em> in dogs of Saipan, a commonwealth of the United States, in the Western Pacific Ocean. These findings highlight the need for routine preventive chemoprophylaxis to reduce the risk of vector exposure and filarial infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of animal leishmaniosis in Jordan: An alarming discovery with implications for public health and animal welfare","authors":"Wael Hananeh ,&nbsp;Raida Al Rukibat ,&nbsp;Haifa Hammad ,&nbsp;Rami Mukbel","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leishmaniosis is an endemic parasitic infection in Jordan and the Middle East. Despite the endemicity of leishmaniosis in Jordan and frequently reported humancases, no singleclinical case has been documented in animals throughout the country. This report documents the first two animal <em>Leishmania</em> cases in two different animal species with a current literature review. Cutaneous leishmaniosis was diagnosed in an adult horse that presented with multiple variably sized skin nodules, some of which ulcerated. Visceral leishmaniosis was diagnosed in a stray dog. Cytological, histopathological, and molecular findings confirmed the clinical diagnosis of leishmaniosis. <em>Leishmania</em> amastigotes were reliably detected both intracellularly and extracellularly in macrophages in both animals confirming active infection. The etiology of cutaneous lesions in the horse was <em>Leishmania tropica (L. tropica)</em> while <em>Leishmania infantum</em> (<em>L. infantum</em>) was responsible for the visceral leishmaniosis in the dog case. These results showed that two different species of <em>Leishmania</em> parasites in separate hosts could exist with different tissue tropisms that could accentuate the zoonotic risk and shed some light on the importance of accurate and timely diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Canine Leishmaniasis in Hatay/Turkey","authors":"Tuğba Kaya ,&nbsp;Ahmet Özbilgin ,&nbsp;Gülnaz Çulha ,&nbsp;İbrahim Çavuş ,&nbsp;Emre Dirican","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL) is a zoonotic vector-borne disease caused by <em>Leishmania</em> parasite in dogs. It represents a significant public health concern due to its potential for transmission to humans. In our study, we aimed to investigate CanL in Hatay using different diagnostic methods.</div><div>Blood (plain and citrated) samples, lymph node aspiration, and conjunctival swabs were collected from 100 dogs. Smear preparations were prepared from blood and lymph aspiration. NNN medium was cultured from blood pellet sections and lymph aspiration. The rK39 dipstick test and ELISA were used to investigate the sera samples. Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was applied by performing DNA extraction from blood pellet sections, citrated blood, lymph node aspiration, conjunctival swabs, and reproductive medium.</div><div><em>Leishmania</em> amastigotes were not detected in examined blood smears, while amastigotes were detected in 18.60 % (8/43) of lymph aspiration smears. Growth of promastigotes was observed in 4 % (4/100) of blood pellet sections and 11.63 % (5/43) of lymph node aspirations in NNN. The percent of seropositive animals according to ELISA and rK39 dipstick test were 60 % (60/100) and 22 % (22/100), respectively. As a result of ITS-1 RT-PCR 12 % (12/100) with blood pellet sections, 11 %(11/100) with citrated blood, 46.51 %(20/43) with lymph aspiration, and 23 % (23/100) with conjunctival swab showed positivity. One dog that was confirmed positive via molecular analysis was identified as <em>L. tropica</em>, while the rest were classified as <em>L. infantum/donovani</em> in all samples. The <em>L. infantum/donovani</em> samples were determined to be <em>L. infantum</em> via Hsp70 RT-PCR.</div><div>In conclusion, ELISA yielded the highest positivity rate among the used methods. <em>L. infantum</em> was detected in dogs in Hatay, and <em>L. tropica</em> was identified as the causative agent in dogs for the first time. This data suggests that CanL is a public health concern in Hatay and that integrated control strategies should be developed to combat the disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and regional skin distribution of topically administered chlorpyrifos in cattle","authors":"Karen Larsen ,&nbsp;Paula Ichinose ,&nbsp;Victoria Miró ,&nbsp;Hernán Moscuzza ,&nbsp;Lucila Moriones ,&nbsp;Adrián Lifschitz ,&nbsp;Guillermo Virkel","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is currently being repurposed for the control of cattle mange and ticks in South American countries, particularly Argentina. This study aimed to characterize the plasma availability and regional skin distribution of CPF following topical administration in healthy, non-parasitized cattle. Additionally, the effects of CPF (in vitro and in vivo) and CPF-oxon (in vitro) on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities were evaluated using blood collected from untreated and treated cattle. CPF was administered (7.5 mg/kg) along the backline of 6 heifers (days 0 and 11 post-first dose). Plasma and skin samples were collected up to 21 days post-administration. Drug concentrations in plasma and skin (retro-auricular, backline, and croup regions) were measured by HPLC. In vitro, blood AChE and BChE activities were less susceptible to CPF, with IC50 values exceeding 1000 μM. Conversely, CPF-ox showed significantly greater inhibitory potency, particularly toward erythrocyte AChE, where its IC50 was 76 % lower (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) than for plasma AChE and 93 % lower than for BChE. No significant changes in cholinesterase activities were observed in vivo after CPF topical treatment. CPF plasma concentrations ranged from 0.06 ± 0.03 μg/mL at 6 h post-treatment (day 0.25) to 0.15 ± 0.12 μg/mL on day 21, with an AUC of 1.92 ± 0.34 μg.d/mL and a Cmax of 0.18 ± 0.11 μg/mL. The mean skin-to-plasma AUC ratios were 285, 675, and 2054 for the retro-auricular, croup, and backline regions, respectively. The acaricide's AUC was significantly higher in the backline (6.5-fold, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and croup (2.2-fold, p &lt; 0.05) compared to the retro-auricular zone. The oxon metabolite was not detected in plasma or in skin. CPF pour-on demonstrated low systemic exposure, no significant cholinesterase inhibition in vivo, and uneven skin distribution in non-parasitized cattle. Given that this study was conducted in healthy cattle, a primary limitation is the lack of data on ectoparasite-induced lesion effects. Furthermore, future research must utilize more sensitive analytical techniques and extended sampling to fully characterize the systemic and skin disposition of CPF and its related metabolites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145419546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and molecular characteristics for the identification of Eimeria spp. in Eurasian red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris)","authors":"Huijie Liu ,&nbsp;Jiashu Lang ,&nbsp;Kaihui Zhang ,&nbsp;Pitambar Dhakal ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Yixuan Niu ,&nbsp;Longxian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coccidiosis caused by <em>Eimeria</em> spp. is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in captive squirrels. To conduct morphological and molecular characterization of <em>Eimeria</em> spp. in <em>Sciurus vulgaris</em> and to determine their prevalence in Henan Province, China, we devised a novel single oocyst amplification method, integrating morphological and molecular analyses. Fecal samples from 30 Eurasian red squirrels (<em>S. vulgaris</em>) were examined using microscopy which revealed a 93.3 % (28/30) <em>Eimeria</em> spp. infection rate. Morphometric analysis identified three <em>Eimeria</em> spp. namely <em>E. sciurorum</em> (73.3 %, 22/30), <em>E. ontarioensis</em> (50.0 %, 15/30), and <em>E. lancasterensis</em> (30.0 %, 9/30), with <em>E. sciurorum</em> being predominant. The nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene and mitochondrial cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of all three species were successfully amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these three species shared 96.2 % to 98.8 % sequence identity of the 18S rRNA gene and 91.5 % to 98.0 % sequence identity of the COI gene (bootstrap support ≥95 %, 1000 replicates). These values confirm their close affinity and support their recognition as distinct species. The analysis of the evolutionary tree revealed that the genetic relationship between <em>Eimeria</em> spp. is consistent with the genetic relationship between host animals. This is the first molecular report of <em>Eimeria</em> spp. in Chinese squirrels, summarizing their global prevalence by comparing newly obtained data with published records and offering critical insights for coccidiosis surveillance and <em>Eimeria</em> spp. taxonomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145690449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute visceral cysticercosis in a Black Bengal goat: A case report of hepatitis cysticercosa and pneumonitis cysticercosa","authors":"Vinay Kumar S.D.,&nbsp;Sree Lakshmi P.,&nbsp;Neha,&nbsp;Avantika Srivastav,&nbsp;Manohar S.,&nbsp;Veena R. Sutar,&nbsp;Pawan Kumar,&nbsp;Rajveer Singh Pawaiya,&nbsp;Vidya Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by <em>Cysticercus,</em> the metacestode (larval stage) of <em>Taenia</em> spp. This case report describes the gross and histopathological findings of acute visceral cysticercosis associated with <em>Cysticercus tenuicollis</em> in a Black Bengal goat with a history of sudden recumbency and death. Striking gross lesions were observed in the liver, which displayed multifocal to coalescing, tortuous hemorrhagic cords of variable length throughout and over the surface, along with a substantial number of wandering immature cysticerci. In the lungs, well-demarcated, dark red, irregular areas of consolidation were observed distributed along the lateral margins of the pulmonary lobes on both sides. The cysts were 5–7 mm in length, containing clear, jelly-like fluid; under the microscope, a large invaginated scolex and a serrated vesicular wall were evident. Histopathology revealed a wide range of hepatic lesions, including cross-sections of vesicular walls of cysticerci within the distended portal veins, and the migratory tracts filled with blood, fibrin, and cellular debris. The zone of inflammatory cells around the cysticerci and their migratory tracts consisted of eosinophils, predominantly along with a few mononuclear cells. Cross sections of cysticerci were also seen in lung sections, exhibiting a similar inflammatory cell infiltrate as seen in the liver. Necropsy, histopathological, and parasitological findings confirmed the diagnosis as parasitic traumatic hepatitis (Hepatitis cysticercosa) and parasitic pneumonia (Pneumonitis cysticercosa), with the cause of death being hypovolemic shock caused by severe blood loss resulting from traumatic hepatitis and acute fibrinous peritonitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145526625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First record of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (Pallas, 1781) in Didelphis marsupialis (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Brazilian Amazon","authors":"Lucas Araújo Ferreira,&nbsp;Ricardo Luis Sousa Santana,&nbsp;Elaine Lopes Carvalho,&nbsp;Elane Guerreiro Giese","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the first documented occurrence of <em>Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus</em> (Pallas, 1781) parasitizing <em>Didelphis marsupialis</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brazil. Specimens were collected in the Soure Marine Extractive Reserve, Marajó Island, Pará state, northern Brazil. In January and February 2025, parasites were recovered from the intestinal region of two hosts. Necropsy revealed acanthocephalans of unusual sizes in the intestinal loops and significant granuloma formation. Additionally, fecal samples were collected from the cecum region. Morphological/morphometric analyses of the helminths and eggs identified in the feces suggest that the parasites are <em>Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus</em>. Thus, this study reports the first identification of <em>M. hirudinaceus</em> in <em>D. marsupialis</em> in the Brazilian Amazon, expanding the range of known hosts of this acanthocephalan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report on anticoccidial drug resistance in Eimeria species of broilers from Kashmir, a North-Western Himalayan region","authors":"Shagufta Iqbal ,&nbsp;Syed Tanveer ,&nbsp;Idrees Mehraj Allaie ,&nbsp;Aiman Ashraf ,&nbsp;Bilal Ahmad Para","doi":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study represents the first report on anticoccidial drug resistance in <em>Eimeria</em> species infecting broiler chickens in Kashmir, North India, a region with unique temperate climatic conditions conducive to oocyst survival. A mixed population of field strains of <em>Eimeria</em> spp. from poultry farms in Kashmir Valley was evaluated to assess the current anticoccidial resistance status following World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP) guidelines. The oocyst inoculum comprised of seven <em>Eimeria</em> species identified morphologically, of which five (<em>E. acervulina</em>, <em>E. maxima</em>, <em>E. mitis</em>, <em>E. praecox</em> and <em>E. tenella</em>) were confirmed molecularly using the ITS-1 rDNA marker. Forty, One-day-old Cobb-strain broilers, were randomly divided into four groups (<em>n</em> = 10 each): Group I (infected + amprolium treated), Group II (infected + sulphaquinoxaline treated), Group III (infected untreated control) and Group IV (uninfected control). Drug efficacy was determined by calculating the percentage global index (%GI) based on weight gain, feed conversion ratio, lesion score, oocyst index and mortality. The %GI values were 58.15 for sulphaquinoxaline-treated group and 56.86 for amprolium-treated group, indicating partial resistance, defined here as a moderate loss of drug efficacy without complete treatment failure. Morpho-Molecular analysis identified five <em>Eimeria</em> species in pre-treatment samples and detected the continued presence of four <em>Eimeria</em> species post-treatment, indicating potential emerging drug resistance. Phylogenetic analysis of ITS-1 sequences showed a close genetic affinity of local isolates with reference <em>Eimeria</em> strains deposited in GenBank and notably, this is the first report of ITS-1 sequences for <em>E. praecox</em> from Kashmir. In conclusion, the study provides the first molecularly supported evidence of anticoccidial resistance in broilers from Kashmir and underscores the need for routine monitoring, rotational use of anticoccidials and the adoption of integrated parasite control strategies to safeguard poultry productivity in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23600,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}