Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminants in Grenada, West Indies

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI:10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101218

Camille-Marie Coomansingh-Springer , Camila de Queiroz , Ray Kaplan , Calum N.L. Macpherson , Kenrith Carter , Paul Fields , John S. Gilleard , Rhonda Pinckney

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Economic losses and adverse effects on animals' health and productivity due to gastrointestinal parasites constitute a significant challenge for expanding and improving the small ruminant industry in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the diversity and geographic distribution of gastrointestinal parasites infecting small ruminants in Grenada. Seven hundred and thirteen fecal samples from 159 sheep and 554 goats from 64 farms in Grenada, Carriacou, and Petite Martinique were collected for coprological examination. Of 713 sheep and goat samples, 640 were positive for gastrointestinal parasites, yielding an overall prevalence of 90 % (CI _95%, 88 to 92 %). Of the 554 goat samples, 95 % were positive for parasites (525/554; CI _95%, 93 to 97 %), and for the 159 sheep, 72 % were positive (115/159; CI _95%_, 65 to 79 %). In goats, the most common parasites observed were Strongyles, 90 % (CI₉_5%_, 87 to 92 %); Eimeria spp., 50 % (CI_95%_, 46 to 54 %); Strongyloides, 7 % (CI_95%_, 5 to 9 %); Moniezia, 6 % (CI₉_5%_, 5 to 9 %); and Trichuris, 5% (CI_95%_, 4 to 7 %). Sheep showed a similar pattern with the most common parasites identified being Strongyles, 52 % (CI_95%, 44 to 59 %); Eimeria spp., 50 % (CI_95%, 42 to 57 %); Strongyloides, 6 % (CI_95%, 3 to 11 %); Moniezia, 6 % (CI_95%, 3 to 10 %); and Trichuris, 3 % (CI_95%, 1 to 7 %). The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections was higher in goats (p < 0.0001), due to the higher prevalence of Strongyles. The proportion of goats with zero parasites was significantly less than the proportion of sheep (p < 0.0001). Larval identification using coproculture analysis performed on pooled fecal samples from each farm to determine the GIN percentages and the overall mean indicated that Haemonchus was the most common genus identified, with an overall mean of 56 %, followed by Trichostrongylus (31 %), Oesophagostomum (13 %) and Cooperia (0.1 %). Nemabiome analysis based on deep amplicon sequencing demonstrated the presence of six nematode species: Haemonchus contortus (42 %), Trichostrongylus colubriformis (38 %), Oesophagostomum columbianum (12 %), Oesophagostomum asperum (7 %), Cooperia punctata (0.4 %) and Cooperia spatulata (0.1 %).

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Multiple-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

7.10%

发文量

126

审稿时长

97 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports focuses on aspects of veterinary parasitology that are of regional concern, which is especially important in this era of climate change and the rapid and often unconstrained travel of people and animals. Relative to regions, this journal will accept papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites within the field of veterinary medicine. Also, case reports will be considered as they add to information related to local disease and its control; such papers must be concise and represent appropriate medical intervention. Papers on veterinary parasitology from wildlife species are acceptable, but only if they relate to the practice of veterinary medicine. Studies on vector-borne bacterial and viral agents are suitable, but only if the paper deals with vector transmission of these organisms to domesticated animals. Studies dealing with parasite control by means of natural products, both in vivo and in vitro, are more suited for one of the many journals that now specialize in papers of this type. However, due to the regional nature of much of this research, submissions may be considered based upon a case being made by the author(s) to the Editor. Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (obtainable from: Executive Secretary C.I.O.M.S., c/o W.H.O., Via Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland).