Wildlife Monographs最新文献

{"title":"SURVIVAL, MOVEMENTS, AND HARVEST OF EASTERN PRAIRIE POPULATION CANADA GEESE","authors":"SUSAN E. SHEAFFER, DONALD H. RUSCH, DALE D. HUMBURG, JEFFERY S. LAWRENCE, GUY G. ZENNER, MURRAY M. GILLESPIE, F. DALE CASWELL, STEVE WILDS, SCOTT C. YAICH","doi":"10.2193/0084-0173(2004)156[1:SMAHOE]2.0.CO;2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2193/0084-0173(2004)156[1:SMAHOE]2.0.CO;2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract: </b> The Eastern Prairie Population (EPP) of Canada geese (<i>Branta canadensis interior</i>) nests in the Hudson Bay lowlands of Manitoba and migrates through south-central Manitoba, western Minnesota, and Iowa, with a wintering terminus primarily in Missouri, Arkansas, and southern Illinois. The southern range of the EPP historically extended through Arkansas and along coastal southwestern Louisiana and Texas. However, during the 1950s and 1960s a progressive northern shift in wintering distribution occurred as numbers of geese wintering in Louisiana and Arkansas declined while numbers wintering in Missouri increased. Continued temporal and geographic shifts in fall and winter distributions were suspected during the 1980s when numbers of wintering Canada geese increased in Minnesota and declined in Missouri. However, concurrent increases in numbers of Mississippi Valley Population (MVP; <i>B. c. interior</i>) and Mississippi Flyway Giant Population (MFGP; <i>B. c. maxima</i>) Canada geese in portions of the winter range shared with EPP geese confounded interpretations of winter population and harvest surveys. During 1984-93, researchers conducted a cooperative banding and observation effort to improve information on survival rates, harvest rates, and winter distributions of EPP Canada geese. Consistent harvest regulations within 3-year periods during 1984-93, combined with extensive observations of marked geese, allowed for an integrative analysis of survival and movements of this population relative to changes in harvest pressure. We used observations, recaptures, and hunter recoveries of marked geese to provide information on survival, harvest, and movements of the EPP that is needed for long-term management of this population.</p><p>Annual survival rates of neck-banded adult geese averaged (x ± SE) 0.707 ± 0.019 during 1984-86, 0.651 ± 0.022 during 1987-89 when harvest seasons were restricted, and 0.595 ± 0.028 during 1990-93 when harvest seasons were liberalized. Annual survival rates for neck-banded adults were lower versus leg-banded adults during 1987-89 and 1990-93 (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05). Mean survival of neck-banded adults during the harvest seasons in 1987-89 was lower than the mean rate in the harvest seasons of 1984-86, primarily due to a low survival estimate in 1989. Survival averaged 0.918 ± 0.0129 during the 1987 and 1988 harvest seasons but declined to 0.665 ± 0.051 during 1989. Restrictions in harvest correlated with a decrease in direct recovery rates and an increase in survival rates of neck-banded adults during the 1987 and 1988 harvest seasons, but not in 1989. Higher recovery rates in 1989-92 suggested that increased harvest mortality contributed to lower survival of adult geese. However, mortality rates during the 1989-92 harvest seasons increased at a greater proportion than increases in direct recovery rates, suggesting that factors other than harvest could have significantly impacted fall mortality rates of","PeriodicalId":235,"journal":{"name":"Wildlife Monographs","volume":"156 1","pages":"1-54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2010-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2193/0084-0173(2004)156[1:SMAHOE]2.0.CO;2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6235258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior, energetics and management of refuging waterfowl: a simulation model","authors":"R. Frederick","doi":"10.31274/RTD-180813-5034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31274/RTD-180813-5034","url":null,"abstract":"A stochastic simulation model, designed to test the effects of alternative management schemes on refuging waterfowl populations, was constructed from data on fall-migrating lesser snow geese (Chen c. caerulescens) at the DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge, Iowa. Components of the model include goose population level, food density and distribution, food-searching flight characteristics, feeding rates, activity and energy budgets, migration rates, and the effects of weather, hunting pressure, and land management practices on the system. Independent data were collected to test the model's validity. The model validly describes movement from the refuge core to distant feeding areas, and it provides insight into factors affecting emigration. Refuge population level was not sensitive to shifts (?20%) in the input values of 25 selected parameters, but hunting mortality and daily foraging distances were sensitive to several combinations of parameter perturbations. Model outcome was most sensitive to changes in digestive efficiency, mean food density, and the proportion of refuge fields in which food was available. In other model experiments, increased hunting pressure caused significant (P < 0.05) increases in hunting mortality and a reduction in the refuge population. The direct effect of hunting was less important in reducing waterfowl population size than the associated disturbance of feeding geese by hunters, which reduced energy gains and subsequently hastened emigration. Geese in the vicinity of the DeSoto Refuge feed almost exclusively on waste corn. Simulated hunting mortality increased significantly (P < 0.0001) when waste-corn density was moderately reduced because increased goose movement resulted in more shooting opportunities for hunters, but, at extremely low levels of food density, refuge use by waterfowl declined and hunting mortality was reduced. When superabundant food was provided on the refuge, hunting mortality was reduced and waterfowl use of the refuge increased. An artificial reduction in size of the feeding arena, from a radius of 121 km to 8 km, did not affect waterfowl population levels because food supplies were adequate within 8 km of the refuge core. The model can be used to simulate the effects of other management scenarios and is a valuable tool for identifying and meeting management objectives. WILDL. MONOGR. 96, 1-35 Journal Paper J-11908 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, Project 2427. 2 Present Address: Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY 40475. 3 Supported jointly by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Iowa Conservation Commission, Iowa State University, and Wildlife Management Institute. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.35 on Wed, 31 Aug 2016 04:14:15 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms","PeriodicalId":235,"journal":{"name":"Wildlife Monographs","volume":"148 1","pages":"4-25"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69350799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical inference from capture data on closed animal populations","authors":"D. Otis, K. Burnham, G. White, David R. Anderson","doi":"10.2307/2287873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2287873","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":235,"journal":{"name":"Wildlife Monographs","volume":"1 1","pages":"3-135"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"1980-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2287873","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68511308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}