Veterinary dermatology最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of Immunoglobulin E Serology, Prick Test and Patch Test With Food Allergens in Dogs With Atopic Dermatitis and Adverse Food Reactions Using the Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Food Challenge as Gold Standard.","authors":"Evi I Sofou, Svetlina Aleksandrova, Elisa Samuel, Manolis Chatzis, Manolis N Saridomichelakis","doi":"10.1111/vde.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In dogs with adverse food reactions (AFRs), immunoglobulin (Ig)E serology, prick test and patch test with food allergens have shown variable diagnostic performance for the identification of the offending foods, when the latter were identified using open food challenges.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic performance of these tests in dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD) and AFRs, using the double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Twelve dogs with AD and AFRs underwent DBPCFCs with eight food items.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>IgE serology, prick test and patch test with the same eight food allergens were performed after the diagnosis of AD and before the diagnostic investigation for AFRs and the DBPCFCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity (3%-60.6%), specificity (54.8%-98.4%), positive predictive value (25%-66.7%) and negative predictive value (64.1%-72.3%) of the three tests and of their combination were unsatisfactory. Furthermore, their positive and negative likelihood ratio values were not in the clinically informative range, apart from the prick test having a weakly informative positive likelihood ratio value of 3.81.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Under the conditions of this study, the diagnostic performance of IgE serology, prick test and/or patch test with food allergens was poor using the DBPCFC as gold standard.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time Required for Topical Difluprednate to Suppress the Intradermal Histamine-Induced Vascular Reaction in Dogs.","authors":"Fusako Takeo, Nobuo Murayama, Kensuke Orito","doi":"10.1111/vde.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Topical glucocorticoid (GC) is used to manage inflammatory skin diseases in dogs. However, contact times associated with detectable topical GC effects have not been clarified in dogs. Uncertainty regarding contact time may lead to premature removal or overuse, compromising efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine contact times at which detectable GC effects are observed after topical difluprednate lotion application in dogs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Six male Beagle dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Suppression of the histamine-induced vascular reaction (HVR), based on the principles of the vasoconstrictor assay, was used as an indicator of detectable GC effects. Difluprednate lotion was applied to a circular area (2 cm in diameter) on the lateral trunk 5, 10 and 30 min before intradermal histamine injection. Fluorescein was administered intravenously 5 min before histamine injection to visualise HVR. HVR images were obtained 15 min after histamine injection under UV illumination, and the fluorescent area was measured using ImageJ. Statistical analysis was performed using Dunnett's multiple comparison test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When difluprednate application was performed 5, 10 and 30 min before histamine injection, HVR areas were smaller than untreated control sites (p < 0.01). No significant differences were detected among sites treated 5, 10 and 30 min before histamine injection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Difluprednate lotion suppressed the HVR when applied 5, 10 and 30 min before histamine injection, indicating detectable dermal GC activity at the evaluated time points. Information regarding contact times at which topical GC effects can be detected may help clinicians to provide contact-time instructions and improve treatment management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on Statistical Analysis of \"Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ilunocitinib and Oclacitinib for the Control of Pruritus and Associated Skin Lesions in Dogs With Atopic Dermatitis\".","authors":"Michal Hakala, Eva Zschiesche, Petr Hala, Inka Kuhlmann","doi":"10.1111/vde.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of a Two-Dose Topical Terbinafine and Betamethasone Gel for the Treatment of Yeast (Malassezia pachydermatis) Otitis Externa in Dogs.","authors":"Zorica Zivkovic Baks, Hope Baird Heinz, Stephan Grundke, Caryn Thompson, Roberto Garcia","doi":"10.1111/vde.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Otitis externa (OE) with Malassezia pachydermatis overgrowth with limited bacterial involvement is common in dogs. Treatment with products containing antibiotics is unnecessary and not consistent with judicious use of antimicrobials.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an otic gel containing 1% terbinafine and 0.1% betamethasone acetate for the treatment of yeast-predominant canine OE.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>239 privately owned dogs were enrolled.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Inclusion criteria were an otitis index score (OTIS3) of ≥ 6 and yeast-predominance on ear swab cytological evaluation. Dogs received either the study product containing terbinafine and betamethasone (TBG) or placebo (saline) on Day (D) 0 and D7. Follow-up visits were on D7, D14, D28 and D45. Clinical success was defined as an OTIS3 score ≤ 3 on D45. Overall clinical response (by the veterinary surgeon and owner) and yeast cytological count reduction also were assessed. Safety was evaluated based on clinical assessments, haematological and clinical chemical analysis, urinalysis and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treatment success was significantly higher in the treated group compared to the placebo group (62.9% versus 20.0%, p < 0.0001). Dogs receiving TBG had a treatment response described as 'excellent' or 'good' by 61.9% and 71.1% of veterinary surgeons and owners, respectively. The safety evaluation demonstrated that the otic gel was safe.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Efficacy and safety of an otic gel for the treatment of canine OE associated with Malassezia pachydermatis were demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Lesional and Nonlesional Dermatophytosis in Shelter/Rescue Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) in Southern California, USA.","authors":"Y Peters, W Rosenkrantz, K Blessing, C Milley, K Keating, R Ghubash","doi":"10.1111/vde.70112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dermatophytosis is a contagious, zoonotic disease caused by fungal infection of keratinised structures of the skin, hair and nails. Transmission can be from newly acquired pets, including guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of dermatophytosis in guinea pigs before adoption from shelters/rescue organisations. Secondarily, test results were compared by modality for agreement.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Samples were collected from 85 guinea pigs between 17 February and 27 September 2025 from five shelter/rescue locations in Southern California.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Each guinea pig was sampled by acetate tape preparation, superficial-to-deep skin scraping, trichogram, fungal culture, PCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None of the 85 guinea pigs (0%) had abnormal trichogram findings. One animal (1.18%) was positive for Trichophyton benhamiae by culture and also was positive on PCR and NGS. PCR detected dermatophyte DNA in 54 of 85 animals (63.5%); NGS in six of 85 (7.06%), with four of 85 (4.71%) positive on both. Of those positive on at least one test, only three (of 56, 5.36%) had skin lesions consistent with dermatophytosis. Six animals had compatible lesions yet tested negative on all assays. Two animals (2.35%) harboured Gliricola porcelli.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Active dermatophyte infection was uncommon based upon culture results, yet positive genetic material testing suggests that many animals had potential dermatophyte environmental exposure. Poor agreement among diagnostic tests underscores the need for clinical interpretation and careful test selection in suspected dermatophytosis cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2026 Selected Abstracts for the North American Veterinary Dermatology Forum 29 April - 2 May 2026 in Indianapolis, Indiana.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/vde.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symmetrical Lupoid Onychodystrophy in Review: Lessons Learned From 31 Cases.","authors":"Jessica R Calesso, Clarissa P Souza, Stephanie R Bruner, Adriane P C V Bicalho","doi":"10.1111/vde.70114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Symmetrical lupoid onychodystrophy (SLO) is a complex disease that exclusively affects the claws of dogs and represents a therapeutic challenge. Biopsy sampling of the third phalanx for histopathological evaluation has historically been the recommended diagnostic test, yet clinical diagnosis is currently encouraged. Numerous treatment protocols of varying success have been proposed for dogs with this condition.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The goals of this study are to report clinical findings, treatment protocols and outcomes of dogs with SLO, to propose a rationale for the clinical diagnosis and to discuss therapies for SLO.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Thirty-one dogs examined at a veterinary hospital from May 2004 to April 2024.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of medical records from dogs diagnosed with SLO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of dogs at disease onset and diagnosis was 7 years old. Nineteen breeds were represented. Thirty dogs were clinically diagnosed with SLO, mostly presenting with onychodystrophy and onychomadesis, and in one a biopsy sample was collected. Different therapeutic combinations including tetracyclines alone or with niacinamide, pentoxifylline, essential fatty acids (EFAs), vitamin E, biotin and ciclosporin were used for the initial and/or maintenance treatment of SLO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>The distinctive presentation of SLO supports its clinical diagnosis. Medical treatment seems to support a favourable long-term outcome, despite the wide variation in protocols and doses. EFAs were commonly used as initial and maintenance therapy, and tetracyclines could often be excluded from the treatment protocol, thus complying with good antimicrobial stewardship practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148680033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Comparison of Survival, Tumour Reduction and Relapse Outcomes Following Oclacitinib and CCNU Treatment in Dogs With Canine Epitheliotropic T-Cell Lymphoma.","authors":"Guanshen Brian Shen, Manijeh Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh, Esmaeil Ebrahimie, Evie Knight, Darren J Trott, Michael Shipstone","doi":"10.1111/vde.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Canine epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (CETL) is an aggressive and generally incurable disease in dogs. CCNU (lomustine) is commonly used for management, even though it carries a significant risk of adverse effects. Several reports describe oclacitinib producing clinical improvement in affected dogs, yet comparative data between the two treatments are lacking.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the clinical outcomes in dogs with CETL treated with oclacitinib or CCNU, focussing on tumour reduction (response), survival time and time-to-relapse.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective review (2008-2024) included 23 client-owned dogs with confirmed CETL treated with either CCNU (n = 11) or oclacitinib (n = 12). Outcomes included response (reduction in measurable tumour burden), survival (time from histopathological diagnosis to death) and time-to-relapse (for dogs with complete or good responses). Clinical presentation and adverse effects also were recorded. Additionally, sex, age and weight were compared between treatment groups to investigate potential confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences were identified between oclacitinib and CCNU for response, survival or time-to-relapse (p > 0.05 for all). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed no significant difference in overall survival (log-rank test, p = 0.20). Oclacitinib was associated with fewer adverse effects and reduced monitoring intensity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>These findings suggest oclacitinib may offer outcomes comparable to CCNU for CETL, with fewer adverse effects and less intensive monitoring. The small, retrospective sample limits firm conclusions, yet these results indicate that oclacitinib could be a reasonable, possibly safer palliative option warranting further prospective study.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Immunological Responses to Dermatophagoides farinae Allergen Immunotherapy in Dogs With Atopic Dermatitis.","authors":"Jakaphan Wannawong, Maturawan Tunhikorn, Pannathee Prangtaworn, Nawannaporn Saelim, Thapani Srisai, Nitaya Indrawattana, Sivapong Sungpradit, Anchalee Tungtrongchitr, Witthawat Wiriyarat","doi":"10.1111/vde.70110","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vde.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) in dogs is a prevalent allergic disorder associated with environmental allergens, including the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (Df).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>To describe clinical and immunological changes over time in dogs with canine (c)AD sensitised to Df undergoing Df allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) and to test the hypothesis that ASIT is associated with changes in Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th iteration (CADESI-04), pruritus and medication scores and selected immunological markers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifteen dogs with cAD sensitised to Df received ASIT for 12 months. Clinical evaluations included CADESI-04 and pruritus Visual Analog Scale (PVAS). Gene expression of interleukin (IL)-31, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was analysed using real-time PCR. Serum levels of Df-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E, total IgG and IgG subclass 1 were measured using immunoassays. Evaluations were performed at 0, 6 and 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant reductions in pruritus scores and IL-31 expression were observed, while IFN-γ expression increased. CADESI-04 scores decreased, although the change was not statistically significant. A reduction in medication scores was observed over time. Serum analysis showed increased concentrations of IgG and IgG1, while Df-specific IgE remained elevated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Dermatophagoides farinae ASIT resulted in a reduction in pruritus and medication use over a 12 month period. Associated with this, PBMCs IL-31 was reduced and IFN-γ elevated. An increased serum IgG and IgG1 were measured, and Df-specific IgE remained elevated. These findings support an immunological effect of ASIT, yet further studies with a larger cohort are required to validate the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Veterinary Molecular Multiplex Microarray Serological Allergen Test (Pet Allergy Xplorer; Nextmune) Versus Conventional Extract-Based Serological (Idexx; Stallergenes Greer Laboratories) Versus Intradermal Allergen Testing in 59 Dogs With Atopic Dermatitis: Evaluation of Agreement Between Allergy Testing Platforms.","authors":"David Birchler, Michaela Austel, Frane Banovic","doi":"10.1111/vde.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The first veterinary multiplex molecular microarray serum allergy test (SAT), Pet Allergy Xplorer, is commercially available. However, no comparative evaluations of this test versus whole extract-based SAT (eSAT) platforms and intradermal allergen testing (IDAT) currently exist.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/objectives: </strong>Evaluate agreement between IDAT, conventional eSAT (Stallergenes Greer Laboratories) and extract and recombinant-containing SAT (erSAT) for shared environmental allergens in atopic dogs.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>Fifty-four dogs with non-seasonal (with or without seasonal exacerbation) and five dogs with seasonal atopic dermatitis were enrolled.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>IDAT, eSAT and erSAT were performed on the same day. Two independent investigators (Inv A and Inv B) recorded IDAT results. Per manufacturer guidance, 80 and 300 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) absorbance units (eSAT80 and eSAT300) and 28 ng/mL (erSAT) were used as SAT cut-off values. Cohen's kappa (κ) and prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK) were used to test agreement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between IDAT investigators, there was almost perfect agreement across all allergens (κ = 0.81; PABAK = 0.87). Moderate agreement (κ = 0.58) between erSAT and eSAT300 across all allergens improved to almost perfect with PABAK (0.84). IDAT Inv A had the strongest agreement with eSAT300 (κ = 0.44, PABAK = 0.75) compared to erSAT (κ = 0.29, PABAK = 0.64) and eSAT80 (κ = 0.13, PABAK = 0.11); results were similar with Inv B.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Agreement between testing platforms varied depending on the kappa statistic used, with low κ agreement for most comparisons, highlighting disagreements on what was considered positive. PABAK was generally higher, showcasing high overall concordance. Agreement to the new erSAT was strongest with eSAT300; agreement was moderate (κ) to almost perfect (PABAK).</p>","PeriodicalId":23599,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary dermatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148664466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}