Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2026.102154
Kajena Ravindran , Manuel Saba , Mehrab Mehrvar , Fatih Sekercioglu , Ciro Bustillo-LeCompte
{"title":"Examining the facilitators and barriers to public health inspector oversight of small drinking water systems in Ontario, Canada: A frontline perspective","authors":"Kajena Ravindran , Manuel Saba , Mehrab Mehrvar , Fatih Sekercioglu , Ciro Bustillo-LeCompte","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2026.102154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2026.102154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The provision of safe drinking water depends on regular system maintenance and strict compliance with public health regulations. In Ontario, Canada, Public Health Inspectors (PHIs) are responsible for enforcing standards for small drinking water systems (SDWS), which often serve rural and resource-limited communities. This study examined the facilitators and barriers influencing the effectiveness of SDWS oversight from the perspective of frontline PHIs. An online survey was distributed to all 29 public health units in Ontario, yielding 28 responses (n = 28). The survey data underwent inductive thematic analysis to identify the key factors affecting program delivery and public health protection. Five principal themes were identified: (1) PHI knowledge and training, (2) operational and program support, (3) technological and field capacity, (4) challenges encountered by system owners and operators, and (5) legislative and regulatory compliance. Respondents indicated that, although regulations provide a helpful framework, limited training, resource constraints, and inconsistent enforcement hinder effective oversight. The findings indicate that improvements in inspector training, technological and field resources, and inter-jurisdictional coordination are fundamental for advancing the SDWS program. Strengthening SDWS effectiveness requires focused interventions in training, infrastructure, and coordination. Practitioner-identified priorities should inform future policy and funding allocation, stressing the importance of integrated, decentralized water governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102154"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102139
Francisco Javier Mendoza-Vizcaino, O. Canto-Franco, Manuel Flota-Bañuelos, M.A. Escalante Soberanis
{"title":"Grid assessment of community-driven renewable energy technology and storage integration in rural Yucatan, Mexico","authors":"Francisco Javier Mendoza-Vizcaino, O. Canto-Franco, Manuel Flota-Bañuelos, M.A. Escalante Soberanis","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on integrating renewable energy technologies and storage systems into Pixya’s rural electrical grid, a Mayan community in Yucatán, Mexico. The project aims to reduce reliance on the utility grid, ensure uninterrupted electricity and water supply, and alleviate energy poverty. Using a deterministic methodology, the study designs a hybrid system combining photovoltaic panels and lithium-ion batteries, enabling the community to operate autonomously during grid outages. The proposed system generates 100% of the community’s energy needs, provides up to 14 days of autonomy, and significantly reduces <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions. Simulations using HOMER Pro and DIgSILENT confirm the technical feasibility and ensure stable operation under both grid-on and off-grid modes. The economic analysis reveals a payback period of 8.35–13.45 years, contingent upon subsidies or grants, as traditional financing remains unfeasible. This range considers two distinct tariffs: the subsidised, low-consumption residential tariff (Tariff 1C) at US$0.0687/kWh and the non-subsidised domestic tariff (DAC type) at US$0.2943/kWh. A novel arrangement model (to develop a novel contract type) is proposed to enable self-supply and energy injection into the grid, addressing current regulatory barriers to autonomous operation. The project aligns with Mexico’s energy transition goals and the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 7, promoting clean energy access and fostering community empowerment. However, successful implementation necessitates policy adjustments, external funding, and a shift from economic to social priorities to ensure equitable development for rural indigenous communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102136
Jose L. Lima-Reyna
{"title":"Competition in pay-as-bid auctions of divisible energy blocks: Theory and evidence from Chile","authors":"Jose L. Lima-Reyna","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article analyzes how limited supply capacity affects competition in forward-contract auctions for divisible energy blocks. Using a theoretical model and data from Chile's advanced CfD auctions, it shows that promoting the entry of new bidders with similar supply capacities reduces prices more effectively than expanding the supply capacity of existing firms. The Chilean experience shows that new entrants—particularly renewable energy firms after the 2015 reform—also increased competition and lowered prices despite their smaller supply capacities. Their participation had an effect comparable to boosting incumbents' capacity, highlighting the importance of entry over mere supply expansion for improving auction outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102114
Alesi Teixeira Mendes , Conceição de Maria Albuquerque Alves
{"title":"Asymmetries in water and sanitation services and how they are shaping urban drainage and stormwater management in Brazil","authors":"Alesi Teixeira Mendes , Conceição de Maria Albuquerque Alves","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving universal access to water and sanitation services (WSS) is one of the most significant public challenges in Brazil. The WSS are encompassed within the concept of ‘basic sanitation,’ which includes a comprehensive approach to policy interventions aimed at protecting public health and the environment. This broader definition incorporates potable water supply, wastewater collection and treatment, solid waste management, and urban drainage and stormwater management (UDSM). However, these services have evolved disproportionately, with a focus on water supply and wastewater treatment. As a result, despite the critical importance of UDSM in urban areas, many Brazilian cities lack these services, leaving both populations and the environment vulnerable to adverse impacts. Although the reasons for this imbalance among services might be justified according to the priority of indispensable services, the UDSM has also proved essential to a broader concept of urban security, health, and sustainability. This article explores the asymmetries between UDSM and other WSS within Brazil's new regulatory framework, following the enactment of Law No. 14,026/2020. The findings reveal that, in the absence of institutional drivers rooted in the historical asymmetries observed during the consolidation of the National Water and Sanitation Policy (NWSP), UDSM services remain marginalized and face inertia in public policy. If this trend persists, UDSM services are unlikely to follow the same trajectory of improvement seen in other WSS, ultimately undermining the goal of achieving universal access to basic sanitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102086
Ricardo Messias , Pedro M.S. Carvalho , Jorge Sousa
{"title":"Welfare-maximizing market procurement of flexibility services for distribution network planning","authors":"Ricardo Messias , Pedro M.S. Carvalho , Jorge Sousa","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability of a power system to balance network investment with demand flexibility services is key to a decarbonized energy system. However, integrating flexibility services into distribution network planning raises challenges of procurement design and market structure. This paper addresses the research gap concerning the economic implications of local flexibility markets where the distribution system operator (DSO) acts as the single buyer. We propose a procurement mechanism that embeds counterfactual investment valuation into a pay-as-bid clearing rule and determines equilibrium through Marshallian surplus maximization. The methodology is illustrated with numerical case studies that compare procurement outcomes under complete and incomplete supply offers. Results show that, even when some bids exceed the DSO's valuation threshold, accepting them can increase welfare, thereby delivering efficient and rational price signals. These findings challenge the view that monopsony inevitably distorts markets: when disciplined by transparent and auditable valuation, it can support neutrality and efficiency. The framework aligns with the forthcoming Network Code on Demand Response and Distribution Network Development Plans disclosed, offering regulators and DSOs a practical tool for market-based procurement and a ready candidate for regulatory sandboxes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-10-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102098
Nguyen Duc Tuyen , Vu Quoc Anh , Nguyen Dang Duong , Nguyen Linh Dan , Do Huy Toan
{"title":"Developing localized net-zero pathways for Vietnam's energy sector: A case study of two provinces","authors":"Nguyen Duc Tuyen , Vu Quoc Anh , Nguyen Dang Duong , Nguyen Linh Dan , Do Huy Toan","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At COP26, Vietnam pledged to reach Net-zero (NZ) emissions by 2050. To support this goal, this study introduces a model for developing local NZ pathways, with a focus on the energy sector—the largest source of emissions. It assesses the potential of renewable energy, forest carbon sinks, transport electrification, and energy efficiency to shape region-specific plans. Tay Ninh province, known for its high solar potential, and Quang Tri, rich in forest carbon sinks, are examined as case studies to demonstrate the differences in NZ pathways in solar-dominant and forest-dominant provinces. Based on the findings, feasible NZ scenarios and policy recommendations are proposed to guide local action, contributing meaningfully to Vietnam's national NZ roadmap.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102098"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145419315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102080
Pinky Thomas , Alan R. Collins , Xiaoli Etienne
{"title":"Spatial analysis of state policy effects on renewable energy generation capacity in the United States","authors":"Pinky Thomas , Alan R. Collins , Xiaoli Etienne","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the effectiveness of state-level policies on renewable energy (RE) generation capacity in the United States. Using a comprehensive panel dataset of 3017 counties from 2009 to 2019, we account for county-level variations in policy implementation and employ spatial panel models to capture spillover effects among neighboring counties. Our findings reveal that Renewable Portfolio Standards, expressed as percentage targets, significantly increase RE generation capacity across all sources. Property tax reductions boost solar and wind capacity but do not affect hydro and geothermal energy. In contrast, Energy Efficiency Resource Standards are negatively associated with hydro and geothermal capacity. Other policies, such as the Mandatory Green Power Option, sales tax incentives, and market deregulation, have shown no significant linkage with RE capacity. The results further indicate that spatial spillover effects are more pronounced for solar and wind generation capacity than for hydro and geothermal generation capacity. These findings highlight the need for tailored policies that consider the unique characteristics of each renewable energy source and account for regional interdependence in policy design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102080"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145419318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102083
Sinem Kol , Gokturk Poyrazoglu , Hasan Yilmaz
{"title":"Reactive power market design for unutilized grid-forming assets to address power factor penalties in Turkiye","authors":"Sinem Kol , Gokturk Poyrazoglu , Hasan Yilmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing penetration of small-scale PV distributed generation in medium-voltage networks has introduced unexpected challenges. While PV generation reduces the real power drawn from the transmission grid, the absence of monetization for reactive power means that reactive demand remains unchanged. This mismatch results in declining power factors and potential financial penalties for DSOs. A local reactive power market offers an alternative solution, not for voltage stability but specifically for maintaining the power factor. This paper proposes a reactive market framework tailored for Turkiye, covering its operational steps, market-clearing process, demand elasticity, payment structure, and mathematical model. The framework incorporates a ±10% forecast tolerance to discourage gaming and promote fairness. It introduces the concept of a sustainability threshold to ensure that energy sustainability remains central to the system operations. Finally, two key regulatory proposals are discussed to accelerate implementation: spatial aggregation of power factor limits to increase competitiveness and dynamic, seasonally-adjusted thresholds to reflect demand seasonality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102083"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102117
Zhangyang Huang , Yang Yang , Xin Lu , Zurui Wang , Youlin Li , Shiji Wang , Xiangyu Yang
{"title":"Natural gas pipeline integrity management efficiency evaluation and prediction: A DEA-Malmquist-ML approach","authors":"Zhangyang Huang , Yang Yang , Xin Lu , Zurui Wang , Youlin Li , Shiji Wang , Xiangyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evaluating Natural Gas Pipeline Integrity Management (NGPIM) efficiency is essential for ensuring pipeline performance and continuous improvement. Traditional evaluation methods typically concentrate on assessing historical efficiencies at the enterprise level of operators and are unable to forecast future efficiency. This study proposes a DEA–Malmquist–ML model to evaluate and predict NGPIM efficiency across 42 U.S. states. From 2010 to 2023, 18 states recorded average annual static efficiency above 1, showing an “eastern high, western low” spatial pattern, while 37 states exhibited dynamic efficiency above 1, mainly driven by technological progress and scale efficiency change. Overall, U.S. NGPIM efficiency remains high and shows a gradual upward trend. Panel Tobit regression identifies factors influencing static and dynamic efficiency. The proposed SACBi-LSTM model—integrating Convolutional neural network, bi-directional long and short-term memory network, and sparse attention—achieves 90 % average accuracy across 11 indicators, with prediction errors for 33 states within 0.1, confirming strong model adaptability. This regional efficiency evaluation and forecasting framework supports evidence-based policymaking and rational resource allocation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102112
Malia Mohamed , Nor Hamisham Harun , Amar Hisham Jaaffar , Nor Diana Mohd Idris
{"title":"Every drop counts: a systematic literature review on the role of tariffs in sustainable water supply services","authors":"Malia Mohamed , Nor Hamisham Harun , Amar Hisham Jaaffar , Nor Diana Mohd Idris","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.102112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sustainability of water supply represents a critical global challenge. A pivotal factor in addressing this challenge is the implementation of water tariffs, which function as an indispensable mechanism for securing the long-term availability of this invaluable resource. However, a comprehensive synthesis of the essential dimensions that underpin effective tariff design across diverse sectors remains conspicuously absent, thereby impeding the formulation of effective policy development. This study aims to bridge the gap by conducting a systematic literature review that identifies and analyzes the fundamental dimensions of water tariffs from a supply-side sustainability perspective, as articulated in contemporary literature spanning domestic, industrial, and agricultural sectors across various countries and regions. These insights have the potential to enhance the supply-side approach to water management. Employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline and a Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), we scrutinized 16 studies. Through thematic analysis, we discerned six key interconnected dimensions of water tariffs: affordability, efficiency, financial sustainability, regulatory framework, conservation incentives, and the sustainability of water resources, which were further delineated into 11 sub-themes. The originality of this study resides in articulating these supply-side conceptual dimensions, synthesizing disparate themes into a cohesive framework, and illuminating critical trade-offs, particularly between affordability and financial sustainability. This study serves as a vital reference for policymakers and water utilities, providing an evidence-based tool for devising multi-objective water pricing strategies that are effective in managing demand and ensuring the long-term security of the water supply.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}