Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.101926
Darryl R. Biggar , Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh
{"title":"The capacity market debate: What is the underlying market failure?","authors":"Darryl R. Biggar , Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investment in liberalized wholesale electricity markets is typically not driven by spot and forward wholesale energy price signals alone. Instead, in most wholesale electricity markets there is a separate mechanism to procure, fund or subsidize investment in generation or demand response capacity. These mechanisms are known as capacity markets and are often highly controversial. There remains substantial debate over whether these mechanisms are necessary and, if so, how they should be designed. This paper provides a theoretical analysis of the capacity market debate. We observe that an intuitive understanding of the effects of capacity mechanisms may be misleading. While a capacity mechanism may offset the effects of a price cap, if the price cap is funded through a levy on consumption the combined effect of the tax and subsidy is to nullify the price cap. We explore possible reasons for under-investment concerns in wholesale electricity markets, focusing on the potential for a lack of liquidity in the hedge market arising from the presence of uninsurable risks. We identify three groups of uninsurable risks and propose policies to address them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101926"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2025-03-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.101901
Zhanna Kapsalyamova , Sandugash Juatova , Dina Azhgaliyeva , Taha B.M.J. Ouarda
{"title":"Measuring energy poverty by estimating the income elasticity of energy demand: An application to Kazakhstan","authors":"Zhanna Kapsalyamova , Sandugash Juatova , Dina Azhgaliyeva , Taha B.M.J. Ouarda","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides an alternative approach to measuring energy poverty by estimating the income elasticity of energy demand and identifying the income threshold for energy poverty. In the semiparametric model, the energy poverty income threshold is identified as the peak point on the income elasticity of the energy demand curve. The threshold regression model defines the income threshold for energy poverty endogenously. Applying these models to 2018–2021 household survey data from Kazakhstan, the study reveals that over 40% of surveyed households were energy poor during the studied period. The findings are robust to different specifications of the empirical model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101901"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2025-03-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.101913
Marcelo Maestrini , Marco Vargas , Luciano Losekann , Paulo Mauricio Senra
{"title":"Energy transition and innovative choices of Brazilian electricity distribution utilities","authors":"Marcelo Maestrini , Marco Vargas , Luciano Losekann , Paulo Mauricio Senra","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating new distributed energy resource technologies poses challenges for electricity distribution utilities. This study evaluates whether the Brazilian R&D program effectively guides utilities in adopting energy transition technologies. A comparative analysis of Brazilian and British R&D programs and the evolution of the Brazilian program reveals that Brazil's distribution sector remains focused on traditional technologies, with limited advancements in energy transition. While PROP&D has redirected technological research, its impact remains modest, and operational vulnerabilities persist. Policymakers should foster innovation by streamlining regulations and establishing clear policies to mitigate risks and encourage investment. This study highlights the limitations and progress of sectoral innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.101915
Rima H. Binsaeed , Zeeshan Khan , Eyup Dogan , Syed Rahim
{"title":"The role of energy efficiency, renewable resources, green innovation, and fiscal decentralization in sustainable development: Evidence from OECD countries","authors":"Rima H. Binsaeed , Zeeshan Khan , Eyup Dogan , Syed Rahim","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy efficiency and renewable resources for sustainable development are novel discussion areas for academics and researchers. Similarly, most developed and emerging countries are experiencing fiscal decentralization to enhance regional development. However, the importance of these sectors in sustainable development is still unclear in the literature. This research investigates the influence of energy efficiency, renewable energy, green innovation, and fiscal decentralization on sustainable development. Using the data for 18 fiscally decentralized OECD countries from 1995 to 2020, the roles of linear and nonlinear green innovation and renewable energy are also considered. This study uses novel moment quantile regression and finds that revenue decentralization, expenditure decentralization, and fiscal decentralization are significant drivers of sustainable development. Additionally, energy efficiency and value-added manufacturing significantly enhance sustainability in the region. However, green innovation and renewables are resources that exhibit a U-shaped association with sustainable development. The robustness of these results is validated via a series of parametric and nonparametric approaches. From the policy perspective, this research suggests improved research and development on renewable energy, green innovation, and energy efficiency could significantly encourage the OECD's journey towards sustainable development. Additionally, subnational governments should be given more fiscal autonomy, which may encourage regional level investments and boost the confidence of clean energy producing sectors to accelerate sustainable regional development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101915"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Household acceptance of solar water heaters in South Africa: An expectancy-disconfirmation model","authors":"Refiloe Mohloding , Bopaki Phogole , Kowiyou Yessoufou","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>South Africa's energy development policy promotes adopting household solar energy as one of the key solutions to the current energy crisis and reducing greenhouse gas emissions from coal-generated electricity. However, the success of government-led solar energy adoption is strongly dependent on being socially accepted by the end users at the household level. In this study, we aimed to investigate the determinants of solar water heaters (SWH) acceptance to promote long-term adoption. We used questionnaires to collect data from 86 households that received SWHs as part of the government-led SWH programme in the township of Pimville in Soweto, South Africa. We then fitted two structural equation models to test socioeconomic and behavioural drivers of acceptance in line with the expectancy-disconfirmation model. Results show that SWH acceptance is strongly and negatively associated with user expectations. Furthermore, electricity savings from SWHs are positively associated with the education level of the users, hinting at the possibility of a rebound effect. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of the SWH programme is strongly dependent on meeting end-user expectations, regardless of its intended benefits. The significance of these findings lies in appreciating the importance of managing end-user expectations to enhance the acceptance and adoption of SWHs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101916"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2025-03-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.101914
Dong Min Kim , Shan Zhou , Adam M. Wellstead
{"title":"New avenues for community solar adoption research: A qualitative comparative analysis of ten U.S. states","authors":"Dong Min Kim , Shan Zhou , Adam M. Wellstead","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Community solar presents an opportunity for every household and business to harness the advantages of solar energy. In the community solar adoption literature, qualitative and case-specific investigations have suggested potential adoption factors, such as related policies, solar technical potential, and socioeconomic measures. However, limited effort has been devoted to evaluating the complex dynamics of these causal conditions, let alone the development of empirical evidence. This paper fills these gaps using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to examine the dynamics of U.S. community solar adoption factors. The application of fsQCA, grounded in set-theoretic principles and truth-table analysis, enables a comprehensive evaluation of the various configurations of conditions that contribute to community solar adoption among the top ten adopting states. The results show that, in the most active states, adoption paths vary in government liberalism. For conservative states, the primary factors were a non-wealthy GDP per capita and strong solar potential. On the other hand, liberal states commonly had strong solar potential and high electricity prices as their common factors for adopting community solar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101914"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.101896
Yuzhen Tian , Kim Huat Goh , Kok Fong See
{"title":"Technical efficiency analysis of China's water sector: A technology heterogeneity perspective","authors":"Yuzhen Tian , Kim Huat Goh , Kok Fong See","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the efficiency of China's water companies using a nonoriented meta-frontier directional distance function while simultaneously considering group heterogeneities and incorporating water loss as an undesirable output. Additionally, it performs a sensitivity analysis using different directional vectors to compare water companies' efficiency. The results reveal that water-only companies have improved in closing the efficiency gap between the meta-frontier and within-group frontiers. Water-only companies are closer to the best possible production technology than are water and sewerage companies. The sensitivity analysis indicates efforts to improve input management and address the water loss within these companies. Policy implications are discussed for reducing water loss and improving China's water companies' efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101896"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2025-03-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.101912
Yue Zhang , Xin-gang Zhao , Ying Zhou , Hui Wang
{"title":"Impact of combined environmental policies on carbon emission reduction: A system dynamics analysis","authors":"Yue Zhang , Xin-gang Zhao , Ying Zhou , Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon Emission Trading (CET), Energy Consumption Trading (ECT), and Financial Subsidy (FS) policies are essential mechanisms for mitigating carbon emissions and play a critical role in the development of China's electricity and carbon markets. However, the extent to which CET, ECT, and FS—representing typical command-and-control and market-incentive regulatory approaches—affect carbon emission reduction in China remains inadequately explored. This study analyzes and predicts the impacts of various combinations of CET, ECT, and FS policies on carbon emission reduction by developing System Dynamics (SD) models of the energy, electricity, and carbon markets. The results indicate the following. First, the ECT policy significantly influences carbon emissions, the supply of CET, and expected CET sales and purchases. Furthermore, ECT and CET policies exhibit an interconnected effect. Second, carbon emissions increase proportionally with the combined impacts of ECT, FS, and CET policies, projected to peak in 2026–2027. By 2050, carbon intensity is expected to be 87.64% lower than in 2026. Third, the installed capacity of thermal power plants and renewable energy generation enterprises demonstrates a consistent growth trend. By 2050, the installed capacity of renewable energy generation enterprises is expected to increase by 85.06%, while their power generation capacity is anticipated to rise by 142%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 101912"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Renewable R&D investments and carbon emissions in G7 countries: The mediating roles of technology and economic efficiency","authors":"Rajitha Rajendran , Jayaraman Krishnaswamy , Nava Subramaniam , P.K. Viswanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The planet is at a critical juncture in addressing the ongoing climatic crisis, with increasing calls to reduce atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations to stabilise global climate change. A fundamental shift from fossil fuels to clean and renewable energy (RE) systems involves technological development. However, the mechanics of renewable energy funding are poorly understood, slowing the financing rate for renewable energy technology (RETs). This study explores the efficiency of RETs (hydropower, wind, solar, and biomass) and their role in determining the public Renewable R&D investments (RRDI) for CO2 reduction in G7 countries. The analysis focuses on the carbon efficiency of disaggregated energy production technologies, including hydropower, wind, solar, and biomass, as mediators between R&D funding and carbon emissions. The study introduces GDP per capita (GDPpc) as the sequential-mediator to examine the economic efficiency of these technologies. The proposed conceptual framework is supported by the multi-level perspective socio-technical transition theory. The G7 countries' annual data from 2000 to 2021 is used to evaluate the hypotheses. Multiple regression using SPSS Process-Macro was performed using bootstrap analysis to estimate robustness. The findings indicate that public R&D funding significantly improves the carbon-efficiency of G7 countries RETs. However, the technological interaction with GDPpc is unfavourable in increasing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, revealing that RETs are carbon-efficient but not economically efficient. G7 countries require policies to improve the profitability of RETs by incentivising demand-side technologies. The novelty of this study is its examination of the technological and economic effectiveness of the RETs in the G7 using a management conceptual framework, which offers country-specific recommendations for R&D investment portfolios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 101898"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utilities PolicyPub Date : 2025-02-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.101897
Farhana Nur Rahman , Kanchan Kumar Sen , Shamal Chandra Karmaker , Bidyut Baran Saha
{"title":"Good governance and energy justice: Pathways to human development","authors":"Farhana Nur Rahman , Kanchan Kumar Sen , Shamal Chandra Karmaker , Bidyut Baran Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jup.2025.101897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of good governance on human development, focusing on the mediating role of energy justice and analyzing data from 62 low- and lower-middle-income (LLMI) countries from 2001 to 2020. Using FE and RE models, CCR, and FMOLS approaches, the findings demonstrate that good governance significantly enhances human development and fosters equitable access to energy. The Sobel test confirms that energy justice mediates the relationship between human development and good governance. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers in LLMI nations, outlining how good governance can accelerate human development and contribute to achieving the SDGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23554,"journal":{"name":"Utilities Policy","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 101897"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}