Veterinary microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Pseudorabies virus inhibits the unfolded protein response for viral replication during the late stages of infection","authors":"Peng Gao ,&nbsp;Jianle Ren ,&nbsp;Qiongqiong Zhou,&nbsp;Peng Chen,&nbsp;Ailin Zhang,&nbsp;Yongning Zhang,&nbsp;Lei Zhou,&nbsp;Xinna Ge,&nbsp;Xin Guo,&nbsp;Jun Han,&nbsp;Hanchun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pseudorabies virus (PRV) poses a significant threat to the global swine breeding industry and public health, but how the virus transverses the host defense systems for efficient viral replication and pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we report that PRV could inhibit the unfolded protein response (UPR), a critical component of host innate immunity against viral infection, to promote virus replication during the late infection stages. PERK was shown phosphorylated and active in PRV-infected cells, but the subsequent events were suppressed post virus infection, such as eIF2α phosphorylation, ATF4 expression, and the formation of stress granules (SGs). In the meantime, although IRE1α was also active, its activated effector XBP1s was suppressed through downregulation of XBP1 mRNA levels and cleavage of XBP1s protein. Our findings also indicate that the Golgi apparatus, where ATF6 activation occur, was severely damaged in PRV-infected cells. Meanwhile, the downstream regulatory genes associated with the three UPR sensors, such as ERp60, CHOP, and EDEM1, remained silent in PRV-infected cells. Enhanced viral replication was observed post knockdown of UPR effectors ATF4 or XBP1, while stimulation with UPR activators inhibits virus replication. In conclusion, our findings address the critical question of how PRV regulates cellular UPR in favor of viral replication, and expand understanding of viruses mediated UPR suppression in general.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli-targeting phages for biofilm biocontrol in the poultry industry","authors":"Paulina Śliwka ,&nbsp;David Sáez Moreno ,&nbsp;Paweł Korzeniowski ,&nbsp;Agata Milcarz ,&nbsp;Maciej Kuczkowski ,&nbsp;Rafał Kolenda ,&nbsp;Sylwia Kozioł ,&nbsp;Magdalena Narajczyk ,&nbsp;Uwe Roesler ,&nbsp;Ludwika Tomaszewska-Hetman ,&nbsp;Marta Kuźmińska-Bajor","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian pathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (APEC) is a principal etiologic agent of avian colibacillosis, responsible for significant economic losses in the poultry industry due to high mortality and disease treatment with antibiotics. APEC and its ability to form biofilms on food and processing surfaces contributes to its persistence within farms. Bacteriophages are promising antibacterial agents for combating APEC. This study focused on characterization of the newly isolated phages UPWr_E1, UPWr_E2, and UPWr_E4 as well as the UPWr_E124 phage cocktail containing these three phages. Methods included efficiency of plating assay, transmission electron microscopy, and characterization of their resistance to different pH values and temperatures. Moreover, phage genomes were sequenced, annotated and analyzed, and were compared with previously sequenced <em>E. coli</em> phages. All three phages are virulent and devoid of undesirable genes for therapy. Phage UPWr_E1 belongs to the genus <em>Krischvirus</em> within the order <em>Straboviridae</em> and both UPWr_E2 and UPWr_E4 belong to the genus <em>Tequatrovirus</em> within the subfamily <em>Tevenvirinae</em>, sharing over 95 % nucleotide identity between them. For their use on poultry farms, UPWr_E phages and the UPWr_E124 phage cocktail were tested for their anti-biofilm activity on two <em>E. coli</em> strains – 158B (APEC) and the strong biofilm producer NCTC 17848 – on two abiotic surfaces: a 96-well microplate, a stainless steel surface, and one biotic surface, represented by lettuce leaves. The reduction of biofilm formed by both strains in the 96-well microplate, on the stainless steel and lettuce leaf surface for bacteriophage treatment was very efficient, reducing biofilms by ranges of 50.2–83.6, 58.2–88.4 and 53–99.4 %, respectively. Therefore, we conclude that UPWr_E phages and the UPWr_E124 phage cocktail are promising candidates for APEC biocontrol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway interferes with macropinocytosis to suppress pseudorabies virus proliferation","authors":"Chongyang Wang ,&nbsp;Ting Wang ,&nbsp;Qingrun He ,&nbsp;Qili Hou ,&nbsp;Liuyuan Duan ,&nbsp;Ruochen Hu ,&nbsp;Yu Han ,&nbsp;Yongchun Yang ,&nbsp;Houhui Song ,&nbsp;Zengqi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is one of the highly contagious pathogens causing significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. More importantly, PRV is becoming a potential “life-threatening zoonosis” since the human-originated PRV strain was first isolated in 2019. Previously we found that the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway facilitates PRV proliferation, while the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the antiviral activities of the Wnt inhibitors (Adavivint, CCT251545, FH535, and iCRT14) were identified. Applying these inhibitors significantly inhibited PRV proliferation in different cell lines. Among them, CCT251545 presented the strongest anti-PRV activity with IC₅₀ values less than 200 nM. Our <em>in vivo</em> studies showed that treatment with CCT251545 remarkedly decreased the viral loads and protected mice challenged with PRV. Further study found that CCT251545 neither had a virucidal effect nor affected viral adsorption while mainly interfering with the entry process of the PRV life cycle. Using the FITC-dextran uptake assay, we found that CCT251545 inhibited macropinocytosis. The formation of membrane protrusions, which is important for macropinocytosis, was also inhibited by CCT251545. Consistent with this, knockout of β-catenin suppressed the PRV macropinocytosis and the formation of protrusions. On the contrary, LiCl treatment significantly stimulated the protrusion formation and the PRV entry. Together, these findings suggest that suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibits the macropinocytosis-dependent entry of PRV, thereby providing potential targets for developing antiviral agents against PRV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring formulation for enhanced phage therapy in canine otitis externa: a cocktail approach targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius","authors":"Jun Kwon ,&nbsp;Sang Guen Kim ,&nbsp;Sang Wha Kim ,&nbsp;Hyoun Joong Kim ,&nbsp;Jung Woo Kang ,&nbsp;Su Jin Jo ,&nbsp;Sib Sankar Giri ,&nbsp;Won Jun Jeong ,&nbsp;Sung Bin Lee ,&nbsp;Ji Hyung Kim ,&nbsp;Se Chang Park","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canine otitis externa, characterized by the involvement of diverse bacterial species, notably <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</em>, necessitates antibiotic administration as the primary therapeutic approach; however, prolonged treatment often precipitates antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the application of bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents has been of interest recently. However, phage therapy has limitations; its efficacy depends on the lytic capacity of the phage and the emergence of phage resistance, which can be overcome by using phage cocktails. This study aimed to enhance the therapeutic potential of bacteriophages by supplementing additional materials to hinder the pathogens and combining different viruses to broaden the lytic spectrum. The therapeutic potential of the phage cocktail, consisting of <em>Pseudomonas</em> phage pPa_SNUABM_DT01 and <em>Staphylococcus</em> phage pSp_SNUABM-J, was evaluated using an in vitro planktonic bacterial cell lysis assay and a biofilm degradation assay. Additionally, its efficacy was assessed using an <em>in vivo</em> mouse otitis externa model and clinical administration in five dogs with chronic <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</em> otitis externa. The phage cocktail with formulation, including glycerol, glycine, and Tween 20, as additional components resulted in a significant reduction in bacterial counts and clinical improvements, including odor, discharge type and amount, and inflammatory symptoms. The results suggest that administering a phage cocktail solution with additional components could make phage therapy a more efficient treatment for otitis externa in dogs. This offers a practical alternative to traditional antibiotic treatments and could help mitigate antibiotic resistance in veterinary medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RAP1 is essential for PRRSV replication and the synthesis of the viral genome","authors":"Qiumei Wang ,&nbsp;Heyou Yi ,&nbsp;Anli Chen ,&nbsp;Tao Tian ,&nbsp;Zhiqing Yu ,&nbsp;Lechen Lu ,&nbsp;Ruirui Ye ,&nbsp;Ermin Xie ,&nbsp;Guoxin Zheng ,&nbsp;Guihong Zhang ,&nbsp;Heng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since its emergence, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has caused enormous economic losses to the global swine industry. The pathogenesis of PRRS remains under investigation. The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes reproductive disorders in pigs and respiratory in piglets, which is a 15 kb RNA virus that encodes 16 viral proteins, most of which exhibit multiple functions during the virus lifecycle. RAP1 (Ras-proximate-1), a small GTPase, is known to regulates cell adhesion across different cell types and is one of the most conserved telomere proteins. Thus, this study explored the effect of RAP1 after PRRSV infection.</div><div>In this study, RAP1 did not participate in the adsorption and internalization process of PRRSV, however, it promoted viral RNA synthesis and enhanced PRRSV replication. Additionally, we discovered that RAP1 interacted with Nsp10 and the N protein. Specifically, the Myb domain of RAP1 primarily bound to the viral genome interacted with the N-terminal structural domain of the N protein, which contains an RNA-binding domain. Additionally, the C-terminal region of RAP1 interacted with the N-terminal domain of Nsp10. These results suggested that RAP1 is a critical factor in the PRRSV infection process, particularly in the context of viral RNA synthesis. RAP1 could be a potential target for the prevention and control of PRRSV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The replication efficacy of NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 is not directly associated with the pathogenicity","authors":"Meng Cui ,&nbsp;Ming Qiu ,&nbsp;Shuai Yang ,&nbsp;Yuejia Qiu ,&nbsp;Wenhao Qi ,&nbsp;Hong Lin ,&nbsp;Zhe Sun ,&nbsp;Wanglong Zheng ,&nbsp;Jianzhong Zhu ,&nbsp;Nanhua Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 (NADC34-like PRRSV-2) is currently a major prevalent strain in Chinese swine industry. Within which, recombination events are frequently detected. Previous studies have shown that the pathogenicity of NADC34-like PRRSV-2 isolates is highly variable. However, the characteristics between NADC34-like PRRSV-2 recombinant and non-recombinant isolates are rarely compared. In this study, two PRRSV-2 strains (BJ1805–2 and SDLY23–1742) were isolated from samples collected at 2018 and 2023 in China. ORF5-based phylogenetic analysis supported that both isolates are clustered with ORF5 RFLP 1–7–4 (NADC34-like) strains. However, genome-based phylogenetic tree showed that BJ1805–2 is still grouped with NADC34-like isolates but SDLY23–1742 is clustered with NADC30-like viruses. Furthermore, fragment comparisons and recombination detections also supported that SDLY23–1742 was recombined from NADC30-like, NADC34-like, and JXA1-like isolates while no recombination event was detected in BJ1805–2. Noticeably, BJ1805–2 had higher replication efficacy than SDLY23–1742 both in PAMs and in piglets. However, SDLY23–1742 caused longer high fever period and more severe histopathological lung lesions than BJ1805–2, indicating that SDLY23–1742 has higher pathogenicity than BJ1805–2. Overall, this study provides the first evidence that the pathogenicity of NADC34-like PRRSV-2 is not directly correlated with viral replication efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae identified as the main aetiological agent of respiratory disease in goats from a case-control study in Savannakhet province of Lao PDR","authors":"P.P. Jayasekara ,&nbsp;C. Jenkins ,&nbsp;P.D. Kirkland ,&nbsp;P.F. Gerber ,&nbsp;L. Olmo ,&nbsp;T. Xaikhue ,&nbsp;K. Eamens ,&nbsp;W. Theppangna ,&nbsp;S.W. Walkden-Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clinical signs of respiratory disease are common in Lao goats. To identify the causative agents involved in this clinical syndrome, a matched case-control study was conducted across 70 smallholder goat holdings in Savannakhet province. Fifty paired nasal swab samples were collected from goats with respiratory signs (cases) and unaffected (control) goats from 27 goat holdings. The majority of cases (84 %) were from goats &lt; 12 months of age. Samples were tested using quantitative PCR assays targeting possible pathogens causing respiratory disease. <em>Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae,</em> the cause of atypical pneumonia, was prevalent in both case (94 %) and control (76 %) groups and was identified as the principal causative agent based on odds ratio of presence (4.9) and a significantly higher pathogen load in case goats. Prolonged close contact between goats during confinement in often poorly constructed goat houses, likely facilitates transmission and progression from carrier to clinical status under the Lao goat production system. <em>Mannheimia haemolytica</em> was detected in 60 % of case and 52 % of control samples with no significant difference in pathogen load, while <em>Pasteurella multocida</em> was detected in only 2 % of control samples indicating no major role in causation for these pathogens. <em>Mycoplasma capricolum</em> subsp. <em>capripneumoniae</em>, respiratory syncytial virus and bovine parainfluenza 3 virus were not detected in any samples. Phylogenetic analysis showed no genetic variation of <em>M. ovipneumoniae</em> in the study samples and close similarity to recent isolates from China, US and Turkey. Improved housing conditions may be helpful in controlling atypical pneumonia in Lao goats and antibiotic treatment of goats with severe signs of respiratory disease was found to be effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZDHHC3-LYPLA1 regulates PRRSV-2 replication through reversible palmitoylation","authors":"Huiyuan Jing ,&nbsp;Ying Liu ,&nbsp;Yvzhen Song ,&nbsp;Tao Song ,&nbsp;Ting Wang ,&nbsp;Zhen Ding ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Pandeng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a highly contagious swine pathogen, causing respiratory problems in piglets and reproductive failure in sows. Palmitoylation, catalyzed by zinc finger Asp-His-His-Cys (ZDHHC) domain-containing palmitoyl acyltransferases, plays intricate roles in virus infection. However, whether palmitoylation regulates PRRSV replication is incompletely understood. Here, we report that inhibition of palmitoylation by 2-bromo palmitate (2-BP) promotes PRRSV multiplication. ZDHHC3 is identified as the key palmitoyl transferase regulating PRRSV replication in PAMs infection. Mechanistically, ZDHHC3 catalyzes nucleocapsid (N) protein palmitoylation at cysteine 90. This modification prevents the Nsp9-N protein interaction and subsequent viral RNA synthesis. Furthermore, LYPLA1 de-palmitoylates N protein, thus counteracting the ZDHHC3’s activity on PRRSV replication. Meanwhile, the administration of small-molecule inhibitor ML348 targeting LYPLA1 could hinder PRRSV-2 replication. In summary, our results underscore the critical role of reversible palmitoylation in PRRSV replication. These findings might provide potential new anti-PRRSV strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline coronavirus-associated uveitis: The eye as a gateway to systemic spread and feline infectious peritonitis?","authors":"Aldair Martinez ,&nbsp;Emma Lavergne ,&nbsp;Clément Brauge ,&nbsp;Emma Laveran ,&nbsp;Stéphane Bertagnoli ,&nbsp;Corine Boucraut-Baralon ,&nbsp;Pierre Bessière","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is a virus endemic in cat populations. Specific genomic mutations give it a strong tropism for macrophages, allowing systemic infection and the development of a disease known as feline infectious peritonitis. This disease takes various clinical presentations, and can manifest as uveitis. Two mutations in the spike protein have been identified as possibly associated with FIP: mutations M1058L and S1060A. 193 clinical samples of aqueous humor were collected, all PCR-positive for feline coronavirus. Samples were taken either from cats with a clinical picture compatible with an ocular form of FIP (with uveitis and general clinical signs), or from cats with uveitis only. We sequenced the region of the S gene coding for positions 1058 and 1060 for 77 samples. The aim of the study was to determine whether viruses from cats with clinical signs compatible with FIP were more likely to harbor the M1058L and S1060A mutations. Our results confirm that these mutations are associated with severe disease, and also show that ocular samples from cats with uveitis alone are more likely to contain FECV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the epidemiology of Streptococcus suis in pig production systems using whole genome sequencing","authors":"Anna Vilaró ,&nbsp;Kasper T. Karstensen ,&nbsp;Laia Serra ,&nbsp;Emma Solé ,&nbsp;Ingrid Seró ,&nbsp;Elena Novell ,&nbsp;Vicens Enrique-Tarancón ,&nbsp;Lina M. Cavaco ,&nbsp;Narjol Gonzalez-Escalona ,&nbsp;Lourdes Migura-Garcia ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Fraile","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Streptococcus suis</em> (<em>S. suis</em>) is a major pathogen for pigs, causing large economic losses to the swine industry. Moreover, this bacterium has a zoonotic potential, being capable of infecting humans in close contact with pigs or, less frequently, through contact with pork products. Given its importance in both veterinary and public health, <em>S. suis</em> remains a key topic of research. This study explores the genetic characteristics of 154 <em>S. suis</em> isolates obtained from clinical samples collected from pigs between 2018 and 2022. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) allowed a comprehensive analysis of the <em>S. suis</em> population in Spain, including detection of serotype, sequence type (ST), antimicrobial resistance genes, and virulence-associated genes. This approach also explored the vertical transmission of this pathogen through vertically integrated pyramids, as evidenced by associations between grandmother and mother sow farms, and phylogenetic groups, serotypes, and STs. Our analysis revealed that serotype 9 was the most prevalent in our strain collection, predominantly associated with ST123. Notably, the three most significant virulence genes, encoding the extracellular protein factor (EPF), the muramidase-release protein (MRP), and suilysin (SLY), were not consistently present in all clinical isolates. Regarding antimicrobial resistance, no phenotypic resistance was observed to ceftiofur or florfenicol, while observing low resistance to ampicillin (0.6 %) and enrofloxacin (2.6 %), intermediate resistance to penicillin (22.1 %), and high percentage of non-wild-type isolates to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (57.1 %), and doxycycline (96.1 %). The most prevalent antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were <em>tet</em>(O) (85.1 %) and <em>erm</em>(B) (86.4 %), conferring resistance to tetracyclines and macrolides, respectively, although macrolides were not included in the phenotypic testing. Overall, this study provides key epidemiological insights into this significant systemic pathogen within the Spanish swine population. The findings underscore the importance of understanding sample origins, such as grandmother and mother sow farms, to develop an effective antimicrobial stewardship program for managing <em>S. suis</em>-associated diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"301 ","pages":"Article 110376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}