Veterinary microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Gut microbiota dysbiosis by antibiotics increases FAdV-4 susceptibility and alters antiviral immunity in chickens","authors":"Jung-Hoon Kim ,&nbsp;Byeong Seob Oh ,&nbsp;Rangyeon Lee ,&nbsp;Christopher A. Hunter ,&nbsp;Yong-Joon Cho ,&nbsp;Jeongho Park","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune regulation is significantly affected by gut microbial community. For example, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced by gut symbionts, function as beneficial immune regulators. Antibiotics are widely used in the poultry industry to improve feed efficiency and prevent diseases; however, this treatment strategy disrupts the normal flora but how they might impact on resistance to enteric pathogen is not known. Fowl adenovirus is a major infectious agent that causes acute and severe inflammation in young chickens. This study investigates the impact of antibiotic administration on microbial composition and immune responses during serotype 4 fowl adenovirus (FAdV-4) infection. Oral administration of an antibiotic cocktail increased susceptibility to FAdV-4 challenge. In oral antibiotics administered and FAdV-4 affected chickens, there was a reduction in activated myeloid cells and an increase in pro-inflammatory immune molecules. Additionally, the microbiota evenness and the Firmicutes-to -Bacteroidetes ratio were altered, leading to the suppression of SCFA-producing microbes. These findings provide valuable immunological insights into developing preventive strategies against contagious diseases in the antibiotics-dependent poultry industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 110692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CYLD suppresses infectious Bursal disease virus replication by deubiquitinating VP1","authors":"Qinghua Zeng ,&nbsp;Manzi Huang ,&nbsp;Boqian Zha ,&nbsp;Yu Huang ,&nbsp;Qiuling Fu ,&nbsp;Zhen Chen ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Wu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Li ,&nbsp;Hanzhuo Chen ,&nbsp;Zheng Chen ,&nbsp;Huansheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cylindromatosis (CYLD), a deubiquitinase (DUB), removes K63-linked ubiquitin chains from idiosyncratic zymolytes, negatively regulating multifarious signaling channels, including NF-κ B, which is implicated in various cancers. Recently, the role of CYLD in antiviral immunity has gained attention, but its involvement in infectious Bursal diseases virus (IBDV) infection remains unclear. By coimmunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry analysis, we identified CYLD as a DUB bound to IBDV VP1. In IBDV-infected DF-1 cells, CYLD overexpression significantly inhibited IBDV replication, whereas CYLD knockout or knockdown enhanced it. Interestingly, this effect does not occur through the interferon pathway. At the same time, we also found that IBDV infection, as a trigger, can upregulate CYLD expression in both in vivo and in vitro environments. Further studies showed that CYLD specifically eliminated the K63-linked ubiquitin chains of VP1 and reduced VP1 polymerase activity, thereby inhibiting viral replication. Additionally, we identified C602 as a critical catalytic residue in CYLD's USP domain that affects its enzymatic activity and decides its interaction with VP1. Crucially, the viral core protein VP3 antagonized CYLD-mediated deubiquitination by disrupting the CYLD-VP1 interaction, thereby promoting viral replication. Our results demonstrate the significant function of CYLD in antiviral immunity and suggest it as a potential therapeutic target for IBDV infection, specifically through the VP3-CYLD-VP1 axis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 110690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144902765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian HEV triggered egg decline: Viral-host, immune-neuroendocrine mechanisms in layers","authors":"Beibei Zhang ,&nbsp;Siping Kuang ,&nbsp;Zhiyang He ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuli Li ,&nbsp;Hong Duan ,&nbsp;Zhenghai Ma ,&nbsp;Juntao Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian hepatitis E virus (aHEV), a member of the <em>Hepeviridae</em> family, poses substantial threats to poultry health and productivity, particularly through its detrimental impact on egg production in laying hens. This review elucidates the multifaceted mechanisms underlying aHEV-induced egg production decline in laying hens, focusing on direct viral-host interactions, immune dysregulation, and neuroendocrine disruption. aHEV exhibits strong tropism for reproductive organs, with active replication in ovarian tissues causing follicular apoptosis, structural damage, and hormonal imbalance. Viral proteins (ORF1-ORF3) drive pathogenesis through immune evasion, oxidative stress induction, and disruption of calcium metabolism. Notably, ORF2-mediated host receptor binding and ORF3-mediated viral egress synergistically impair ovarian function, while genotype-specific variations (e.g., gt3/gt5) influence tissue specificity and pathogenicity. Systemic inflammation and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation further exacerbate reproductive dysfunction by altering gonadotropin signaling and estrogen synthesis. Despite advances in diagnostics (e.g., ORF2-based antigen assays) and limited vaccine development (e.g., China’s Hecolin®), cross-protection against diverse aHEV genotypes remains inadequate. Emerging strains with enhanced virulence (e.g., SDXT20) and recombination potential highlight the urgent need for genotype-spanning interventions. We propose that antioxidant therapies, receptor-blocking strategies, and multi-epitope vaccines targeting conserved ORF2/ORF3 regions could mitigate aHEV’s economic impact. Furthermore, unresolved questions regarding viral latency, transovarial transmission, and zoonotic risks necessitate integrated approaches combining organoid models, single-cell omics, and One Health surveillance to address this evolving challenge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 110687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of “pigeon-type” Chlamydia psittaci and detection of Chlamydia-related bacteria in Indian ring-necked parakeets (Psittacula krameri manillensis) in introduced flocks in urban area of Japan","authors":"Yukiko Sassa-O’Brien ,&nbsp;Chien-Fu Wu ,&nbsp;Satomi Matsunaga ,&nbsp;Kenji Ohya ,&nbsp;Hideto Fukushi","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Introduced as an exotic species, Indian ring-necked parakeets (<em>Psittacula krameri manillensis</em>) are now established in urban areas of Japan in flocks exceeding 1000 birds. The release of exotic animals into the wild and the establishment of new populations have led to conservation and disease prevention challenges. With these parakeets sharing their habitat with humans, their feces accumulating in human living areas may pose a public health risk of transmitting <em>Chlamydia psittaci</em>. Herein, we investigated the prevalence of <em>Chlamydiales</em> in wild Indian ring-necked parakeets. We examined 66 faecal samples from wild Indian ring-necked parakeets using molecular methods and detected three samples positive for <em>C. psittaci</em>. The positivity rate for <em>C. psittaci</em> was 4.5 % (3/66) across all samples and 18.8 % (3/16) for the sampled location. Additionally, <em>Chlamydia</em>-related bacteria were detected. Three strains of <em>C. psittaci</em> were successfully isolated using HeLa cells, and the NRM_5 strain was subjected to whole-genome sequencing to determine the complete genome sequence. NRM_5 showed the highest sequence similarity to MN strain, and exhibited the sequence type is ST35, commonly associated with pigeons and doves, indicating the potential for transmission among bird species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 110689"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in gut microbiota signatures associated with the epidemiological dynamics of wild European rabbits facing haemorrhagic disease outbreaks","authors":"Carlos Rouco ,&nbsp;Xavier Triadó-Margarit ,&nbsp;Joana Abrantes ,&nbsp;Ana M. Lopes ,&nbsp;Tereza Almeida ,&nbsp;Julio Isla ,&nbsp;Gabriela de la Fuente ,&nbsp;Oscar Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Emilio O. Casamayor","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The new variant of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV2 or RHDVb) is responsible for a lethal, emerging infectious disease in several species of lagomorphs, and is globally threatening wild rabbit populations. It is known that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in modulating host health, including immune responses and disease susceptibility. We hypothesize potential association of gut microbiota with the epidemiological dynamics of RHDV2 outbreaks that may provide key insights into how this lethal, emerging pathogen impacts wild rabbit populations. We report on changes in the gut microbiota signatures associated with the epidemiological status of a wild population of European rabbits before, during, and after an RHD outbreak in NW Morocco. Two populations were also studied in NE Spain after an independent RHD outbreak. From each individual, we sampled liver, blood, and fresh hard faecal pellets to determine the presence of antigen (i.e. presence of RHDV RNA), antibodies against RHDV, and changes in gut microbiota composition after massive 16S rRNA gene analysis, respectively. Correlational analysis and differential abundance tests were carried out to unveil significant differences in the gut microbiota among the different serological and antigen profiles. A <em>B/F</em> ratio based on several selected taxa within the order Bacteroidales <em>vs.</em> several taxa within the phylum Firmicutes showed a threshold value of 1 that split susceptible (<em>B/F</em> &lt;1) and non-susceptible individuals (<em>B/F</em> &gt;1) both in Morocco and in Spain. The highest proportion of individuals <em>B/F</em> &lt; 1 was found in juveniles, and 100 % of the juveniles RHD dead and 75 % of the adults RHD dead scored <em>B/F</em> &lt; 1. Although the exact nature of this association remains to be determined, this work shows an interesting potential take-off to both explore RHDV2's ecological dynamics with regards to intestinal microbiota and developing potential targeted treatments or management strategies for conservation and pest control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"310 ","pages":"Article 110688"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of segmented flavi-like Alongshan virus in horses","authors":"Saskia Janshoff ,&nbsp;Ricarda Plümers ,&nbsp;Anna Sophie Ramsauer ,&nbsp;Jessika Cavalleri ,&nbsp;Tanja Vollmer ,&nbsp;Daniel Todt ,&nbsp;Richard J.P. Brown ,&nbsp;Eike Steinmann ,&nbsp;André Gömer","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of new pathogens poses a significant threat to global health, exacerbated by climate change, biodiversity loss, and increased globalization. Ticks, as vectors for various pathogens, contribute to the rising incidence of diseases. Surveillance programs are crucial for identifying and controlling emerging pathogens. This study focuses on the Alongshan virus (ALSV), a segmented flavi-like virus first identified in humans in China in 2017. Despite its ability to infect a wide range of mammals, the natural hosts and transmission pathways of ALSV remain poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of ALSV in equine cohorts from different geographical regions to assess its spread and potential risk.</div><div>Using commercial serum pools from the Americas, Europe, and Oceania, we detected anti-ALSV antibodies in 12 out of 13 pools, indicating a broader geographical distribution of ALSV than previously known. In a cohort of 473 Thoroughbred horses from Germany, 87.1 % tested positive for ALSV antibodies, with a significant correlation between antibody positivity and age. Longitudinal tracking of 124 horses over five years revealed dynamic changes in antibody levels, with 71.77 % testing positive at some point during the study.</div><div>Our findings demonstrate a high prevalence of ALSV antibodies in equine populations across diverse regions, suggesting frequent exposure to the virus. The study highlights the importance of horses as sentinel models for monitoring tick-borne pathogens and underscores the need for further research to understand the potential risk of ALSV exposure to human and animal health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 110686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SSBP1 promotes bovine ephemeral fever virus replication by antagonizing antiviral immune responses via degrading MAVS","authors":"Xingyu Li ,&nbsp;Xiuli Song ,&nbsp;Xiaoxue Ma ,&nbsp;Wenqing Ma,&nbsp;Shu Gao,&nbsp;Lixiang Shi,&nbsp;Xiaoyang Yao,&nbsp;Fengyun Chu,&nbsp;Hongmei Wang,&nbsp;Hongbin He","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein 1 (SSBP1), a component of the mitochondrial DNA replisome, is involved in DNA replication, repair and maintenance of mitochondrial DNA. However, its function in the bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) infection has not been described. Herein, we found that SSBP1 acted as an essential negative regulator of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) to maintain immune homeostasis. Under BEFV infection, SSBP1 was upregulated in host cells, which boosted the susceptibility to virus. SSBP1 dramatically impaired BEFV-triggered antiviral immune response by degrading MAVS. Mechanistically, SSBP1 induced K48-linked ubiquitination of MAVS catalyzed by Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1), thereby promoting ubiquitinated-MAVS for proteasomal degradation. Most importantly, we identified A01, a Smurf1-specific inhibitor that blocked degradation of MAVS induced by SSBP1 and enhanced MAVS-mediated antiviral signaling, consequently suppressing BEFV replication. Taken together, our findings reveal that SSBP1 restricts BEFV-induced innate immune activation through SSBP1-Smurf1-MAVS signaling axis, indicating its potential role as a therapeutic target for viral infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 110684"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced protective efficacy of a dendritic cell-targeting truncated F protein delivery via minicircle DNA vaccine against genotype VII newcastle disease virus in chickens","authors":"Meiying Bao,&nbsp;Wenfeng Wang,&nbsp;Yan Sun,&nbsp;Yuhang Zhang,&nbsp;Yupeng Gao,&nbsp;Yuxi Zhang,&nbsp;Tianrui Yang,&nbsp;Qiyu Guo,&nbsp;Gerui Zhang,&nbsp;Mingyue Wang,&nbsp;Jingshuo Gong,&nbsp;Yawen Tian,&nbsp;Yingkai He,&nbsp;Jianzhong Wang,&nbsp;Haibin Huang,&nbsp;Zhannan Wang,&nbsp;Chunfeng Wang,&nbsp;Yanlong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Newcastle disease (ND), caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), poses a severe threat to global poultry farming, leading to significant losses annually. The limitations of current ND vaccines in terms of efficacy and duration of protection have encouraged the exploration of novel vaccine designs. This study aimed to adopt a delayed-lysis <em>Salmonella</em> strain χ11218 as vaccine delivery vector. By expressing a truncated NDV fusion (F) protein (tF) fused with a dendritic cell-targeting peptide (DCpep), it was used to enhance immune responses against ND. This study builds on our previous work with the pYL58 plasmid which contained the full-length F protein. We successfully replaced the F protein in the pYL58 with a fusion of DCpep and a tF protein lacking a transmembrane (TM) domain and an intracellular (CT), yielding the recombinant plasmid pYL220. <em>Salmonella</em> χ11218(pYL220) (S220) enhanced the immune response by fusing DCpep with the antigen and modifying the antigen sequence. Compared to vaccination with the parental strain pYL58, immunization using S220 resulted in markedly higher levels of serum IgG and increased levels of sIgA in the lung and intestinal mucosa. For the S220 group, qRT-PCR was used to measure the surface molecules associated with dendritic cell activation and maturation, specifically CCL5, CCR7, CD83, and CD86, in the cultured spleen cell suspension stimulated with 40 µg/mL of F protein for 72 h. Compared to other experimental groups, these molecules were significantly upregulated in the S220 group. Additionally, viral shedding in the lung tissue was significantly reduced in the S220 group compared to other experimental groups and was comparable to that of the vaccine group. Furthermore, the post-challenge survival rates of chicks indicated that S220 provided protection, with rates consistently reaching 50 %. This study indicated that the fusion expression of the truncated antigen and DCpep not only provided immunogenicity but also significantly enhanced the immunological effect due to its easier release from host cells and enhanced targeting of dendritic cells. These findings prove that using <em>Salmonella</em> as a vector to express the tF protein fused with DCpep is feasible, laying the foundation for the development of effective and oral immunized NDV vaccines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 110685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core genome multilocus sequence typing reveals an endemic Salmonella Enteritidis infection common to fox, cattle, and swine farms in Finland","authors":"Henry Kuronen ,&nbsp;Sirpa Heinikainen ,&nbsp;Taru Lienemann ,&nbsp;Sinikka Pelkonen ,&nbsp;Tarja Pohjanvirta","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Salmonella</em> Enteritidis infections started to appear in fox farms in Finland in 2002, but it was not until 2014 when <em>S.</em> Enteritidis emerged on cattle and swine farms. <em>S.</em> Enteritidis is also a common finding from dead hedgehogs throughout the country. In this study, we used core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) to investigate the epidemiology of <em>S</em>. Enteritidis infection. We analyzed 147 isolates collected from animals between 2014 and 2022, as well as two isolates from 2002. All isolates from fox and swine farms and 86 % of those from cattle farms clustered together, suggesting a diffuse and gradual spread of the infection during 2014–2020. In 2021, an outbreak of <em>S</em>. Enteritidis occurred on fox farms, followed by an increase in cases on cattle farms in the fox farming region in 2022. The outbreak in foxes was caused by an endemic strain that had been circulating within animal units before spreading widely in 2021. These findings suggest an endemic <em>S</em>. Enteritidis infection in the fox farming area. The infection is most likely transmitted from infected fox farms to cattle and swine farms via pests, such as rodents and birds. To prevent the spread of infection, better biosecurity measures and improved production hygiene should be implemented in fox farming. Isolates from hedgehogs were genetically distinct from those obtained from other animals. They were highly homogeneous and formed their own cgMLST cluster. All the Finnish isolates, including those from hedgehogs, belonged to ST11 according to classic MLST.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 110683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NR4A1 mediates PRRSV-induced ileal injury in piglets by transcriptional regulation of NLRP3","authors":"Fanfan Meng ,&nbsp;Chuyang Zhu ,&nbsp;Cuipeng Zhu ,&nbsp;Long Yuan ,&nbsp;Chenhui Li ,&nbsp;Ming'an Sun ,&nbsp;Demin Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection poses a serious threat to swine health, with ileal injury representing a key pathological manifestation. However, the role of nuclear receptor NR4A1 in PRRSV-induced ileal damage remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between PRRSV-induced ileal injury and nuclear receptor NR4A1. Our results demonstrate that PRRSV infection induces inflammatory responses, leading to reduced growth performance and intestinal damage in piglets. Mechanistically, PRRSV-triggered inflammation causes pyroptosis in ileal cells, as evidenced by: (1) elevated serum levels of metabolic markers including diamine oxidase, D-lactate and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein; and (2) upregulated transcriptional expression of pyroptosis-related genes,including-NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 <em>(NLRP3</em>), interleukin-1β (<em>IL1β</em>), interleukin-18 (<em>IL18</em>), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (<em>ASC</em>), gasdermin D (<em>GSDMD</em>), and caspase-1 <em>(CASP1</em>). These findings confirm the crucial role of pyroptosis in PRRSV-mediated ileal inflammatory injury. Importantly, we found that PRRSV activates the nuclear receptor NR4A1, which in turn upregulates the expression of NLRP3 in the pyroptosis pathway. This study provides the first evidence that nuclear receptor NR4A1 mediates PRRS-induced pyroptosis in piglet ileum through transcriptional regulation of NLRP3.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 110677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}