Veterinary microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Co-circulation of lineage 1 and lineage 3 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 2 (PRRSV-2) in Taiwan during 2018–2024","authors":"Kun-Lin Kuo ,&nbsp;Wei-Hao Lin ,&nbsp;Ming-Tang Chiou ,&nbsp;Jianqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao-Nan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) remains a major concern in swine production. This study investigates the molecular epidemiology of lineage 1 and lineage 3 PRRSV-2 in Taiwan between 2018 and 2024. A total of 43,977 samples were collected across 15 counties in Taiwan, and 13,611 tested positive for PRRSV by real-time PCR. Among of them, 501 complete ORF5 sequences were determined and analyzed. The identified PRRSV-2 sequences belonged to either lineage 1 (specifically sublineage L1A which could be divided into at least Clade A, Clade B, and Clade C; 117/501, 23.4 %) or lineage 3 (384/501, 76.6 %). Surprisingly, among the 117 lineage 1 PRRSV-2 sequences, 103 (88.0 %) were from sow-related specimens whereas only 14 (12.0 %) from nursery pigs. Phylogeographic data revealed multiple bidirectional transmissions between central and southern Taiwan, followed by spread to the northern and eastern regions. This imply that the lineage 1 PRRSV-2 caused high mortality and abortion rates in sows and has spread to the entire Taiwan island. The present study provides the first description of the current epidemic state and spread of foreign lineage 1 PRRSV-2 strains in Taiwan during 2018–2024.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A G219A hemagglutinin substitution increases pathogenicity and viral replication of Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza viruses","authors":"Cong He ,&nbsp;Xiaokun Hu ,&nbsp;Junmei Huang ,&nbsp;Congjun Jia ,&nbsp;Mengling Zhang ,&nbsp;Weilin Xu ,&nbsp;Meidi Li ,&nbsp;Mengkai Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Eurasian avian-like swine (EA) H1N1 virus has been widely prevalent in the Chinese swine population and has caused infections in human. However, knowledge regarding its pathogenic mechanisms remains limited. In this study, we analyzed the pathogenic determinants of two G4 genotype EA H1N1 viruses (A/Swine/Guangdong/SS12/2017 and A/Swine/Jiangxi/1110/2017) with differing pathogenicity by constructing a series of reassortant and mutant viruses. The HA-G219A mutation was found to be determinant of pathogenicity in mice. Subsequent analyses revealed that this mutation enhances viral replication in human cells, improves thermal stability, reduces HA activation pH, and alters receptor-binding properties. Furthermore, HA-G219A mutation may be an adaptive mutation that facilitates influenza virus adaptation to swine, with its prevalence increasing in the swine population. This mutation may support cross-species transmission of EA H1N1 swine influenza viruses or genetic exchange with other virus subtypes/genotypes, potentially contributing to the emergence of pandemic viruses. These findings improve our understanding of EA H1N1 pathogenicity and highlight the critical need for ongoing surveillance of influenza viruses in pigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel robotic tools used for the detection of faecal shedding of Escherichia coli resistant to critically important antimicrobials in healthy dogs","authors":"Breanna Knight,&nbsp;Alec Truswell,&nbsp;David Jordan,&nbsp;Amanda Ash,&nbsp;David J. Hampson,&nbsp;Sam Abraham","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Escherichia coli</em> recovered from dogs with clinical conditions such as urinary tract infections are often used to assess populations for resistance to critically important antimicrobials (CIAs). Despite the potential importance of such strains, the number of organisms scrutinised is very small and no information is obtained from the preponderance of normal, healthy dogs. Commensal <em>E. coli</em> are a valuable alternative, but little is gained if the number of isolates also remains small. In this work we demonstrate novel technology reliant on laboratory robots to examine the CIA resistance status of millions of commensal <em>E. coli</em> in the faeces of 86 healthy companion dogs. Fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates also underwent phenotypic resistance testing to detect multi-class resistant strains, and multi-locus sequence types and antimicrobial resistance genes identified with whole genome sequencing. Ciprofloxacin resistance was detected in isolates from five (5.8 %) of the healthy dogs, with a high ratio of ciprofloxacin-resistant <em>E. coli</em> to total <em>E. coli</em> being found in three of these animals. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the five isolates identified four resistance profiles, with all isolates having multi-class phenotypic resistance to between three and six antimicrobial classes. Genomic analysis confirmed the presence of genes encoding multi-class resistance, with four isolates being resistant to multiple classes. The five isolates belonged to sequence types ST1193 (n = 3) and ST354 (n = 2). All five isolates possessed multiple mutations within the quinolone resistance-determining regions. The predominant sequence type ST1193 is an emerging multidrug resistant <em>E. coli</em> strain harbouring fluoroquinolone resistance, which previously primarily has been detected in clinical samples from dogs. The current study demonstrates the power of robotics for delivering a multi-staged approach based on mass screening to achieve sensitivity and specificity achieved with detailed phenotypic and genotypic characterisation. Based on this experience, future studies can be expanded to yield a much richer understanding of antimicrobial resistance in canines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of fdhD in the pathogenicity and its regulatory characteristics in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli","authors":"Saqib Nawaz ,&nbsp;Zhihao Wang ,&nbsp;Huifang Yin ,&nbsp;Yinli Bao ,&nbsp;Cuiqin Huang ,&nbsp;Zhaoguo Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiangan Han","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian Pathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (APEC) is responsible for significant economic losses in the poultry industry and may pose a risk to human health. The pathogenic mechanisms of APEC are still not fully understood. The <em>fdhD</em> in <em>E. coli</em> is essential for the function of formate dehydrogenases (FDHs), which play a crucial role in bacterial metabolic pathways. However, little is known about its role in APEC pathogenicity. In this study, the LsrR quorum-sensing regulator expresses the <em>fdhD</em> and binds to the region between −96 to −66 of the <em>fdhD</em> promoter. The two motifs, 6 bp and 9 bp of the <em>fdhD</em> promoter, are crucial for the LsrR binding. The results showed that the inactivation of <em>fdhD</em> in APEC94 (a strain isolated from diseased poultry) did not affect the growth and motility of APEC94 but led to decreased biofilm formation (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), reduced serum resistance (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and altered antibiotic susceptibility. Similarly, the deletion of <em>fdhD</em> declined the adhesion (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and invasion (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) of APEC94 towards host cells, reducing APEC94 colonization in blood, lungs, liver, spleen, and intestine (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in mice, and the mortality rate of mutant APEC94∆fdhD and APEC94 was 12.5 % and 87.5 % in a mouse infection model respectively. Furthermore, the <em>fdhD</em> positively affects the expression of fimbrial, flagellar, and virulence genes in APEC. Moreover, the transcription level of the inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and INF-ƴ (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) was significantly decreased in mutant APEC94ΔfdhD compared with the wild-type strain. Thus, <em>fdhD</em> is a global regulator that activates the transcription of several genes. The present results suggest that <em>fdhD</em> plays an important role in pathogenicity, making it a good target for managing infection with APEC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An oral recombinant human type 5 adenovirus vector vaccine encoding the S protein of Type I feline coronavirus effectively protection against FCoV challenge in cats","authors":"Gu-nan Deng ,&nbsp;Chang-zhan Xie ,&nbsp;Ke-lei Zhou ,&nbsp;Chun-sai He ,&nbsp;Yuan-Zhen Ma ,&nbsp;A.-jia Ake ,&nbsp;Rui Guo ,&nbsp;Kai Li ,&nbsp;Chen Peng ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feline coronavirus (FCoV) poses a significant threat to the lives of cats, and there is currently no commercial vaccines available. In the present study, a vaccine was developed using a human type 5 adenovirus vector to express the FCoV-I S protein (rAd5-FCoV-S) to induce the immunogenicity of rAd5-FCoV-S through oral and intramuscular immunization in mice and cats. Both vaccination methods stimulated a higher IgG antibody response. However, oral vaccination led to a significantly higher SIgA antibody level, which was 4.8 times and 2.4 times greater than that induced by intramuscular vaccination in mice and cats, respectively, with the highest level reaching 1:128. In addition, oral vaccination increased the count of IFN-γ-producing and IL-4-producing splenocytes in mice, effectively boosting cellular immune responses. Challenge protection experiments in cats showed that oral vaccination with rAd5-FCoV-S provided 100 % protection compared to a survival rate of only 33 % for unvaccinated cats. Compared to the PBS group, oral rAd5-FCoV-S administration substantially decreased the FCoV viral load within the feces, rectal tissues, and colon tissues of cats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical analysis of rectal and colonic tissues revealed that cats in the oral group exhibited minimal intestinal damage, whereas PBS cats presented significant inflammatory cell infiltration and shedding of intestinal epithelial cells. These findings demonstrate that oral administration of rAd5-FCoV-S induces a robust humoral immune response and a strong cell-mediated immune response in cats, thereby conferring immunity against FCoV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"hnRNP K regulates mitochondrial apoptosis induced by porcine circovirus type 3 capsid protein","authors":"Qing He ,&nbsp;Siyu Cao ,&nbsp;Wanting Yu ,&nbsp;Zhoumian Li ,&nbsp;Weijiao Liu ,&nbsp;Chuanwen Tian ,&nbsp;Dantong Li ,&nbsp;Yawen Zou ,&nbsp;Beilei Yu ,&nbsp;Yang Zhan ,&nbsp;You Jiang ,&nbsp;Jing wu ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Naidong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) is a globally emerging circovirus affecting pigs and other animals. The capsid protein (Cap) is the sole structural protein of PCV, with a crucial role in virus evolution and pathogenesis. Through interactions with host factors, Cap enables viral entry, transport, and replication while modifying various cellular processes. Cap protein-induced apoptosis has important implications for viral pathogenesis, but remains poorly defined. Herein, we demonstrated for the first time that PCV3 Cap induced cell cycle arrest of PK-15 cells in S-phase and initiated apoptosis via a mitochondrial Caspase-9-dependent pathway. Truncation analysis localized the apoptotic determinant to the N-terminal 1–34 aa of PCV3 Cap and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) was identified as a host protein that binds to PCV3 Cap. Overexpression of hnRNP K reduced PCV3 Cap-induced release of Cyt-c into the cytoplasm, implying a regulatory role in apoptosis. Based on structural modelling and molecular docking, amino acids at sites 24 and 27 of Cap from PCV3 variants, which define genotypes (PCV3a/b/c), affected binding with hnRNP K. Specifically, PCV3c Cap (V24/K27 and V24/R27) had higher affinity than PCV3a Cap (A24/R27) or PCV3b Cap (A24/K27), consistent with its superior apoptosis-inducing capacity compared to PCV3a/b variants, highlighting the importance of Cap interactions with hnRNP K. In summary, we identified novel molecular determinants of PCV3 pathogenesis that will inform development of vaccines and diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nsp2-related proteins induce host translational arrest by specifically impairing the mTOR signaling cascade","authors":"Xue Jiao ,&nbsp;Xuan Chen ,&nbsp;Qingyu Li ,&nbsp;Chenxi Li ,&nbsp;Yanhua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As obligate parasites, viruses strictly rely on the host translation machinery for progeny production. To compete for host translation resources, the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) employs multiple strategies to suppress host protein synthesis. Mechanistically, the mRNA nuclear export and canonical translation initiation are suppressed in cells with PRRSV infection. Nsp2 was identified to induce host translation shutoff targeting the mTOR signaling pathway. Nsp2TF shares its N-terminal domains with nsp2, while nsp2N is a C-terminal truncation of nsp2. In this study, we investigated the role of nsp2-related proteins in suppressing host protein synthesis, defining their mechanistic impact on translational regulation. In a puromycin incorporation assay, the inactivation of nsp2TF and nsp2N translation attenuated the inhibitory effect of PRRSV infection on nascent peptide synthesis. PRRSV utilizes a multi-faceted approach to suppress host translation, primarily through modulation of eIF2α phosphorylation before 12 hpi and inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway at 24 hpi. The nsp2-related proteins (nsp2, nsp2TF, and nsp2N) contribute to the modulation of the mTOR signaling pathway via divergent mechanisms. While nsp2 broadly suppresses mTOR effector proteins (4E-BP1, S6K, and rpS6), nsp2TF and nsp2N mainly downregulate the 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. The activity of mTORC1 may be regulated by additional PRRSV-encoded proteins, suggesting a coordinated viral strategy to hijack host translational machinery. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which nsp2-related proteins subvert host protein synthesis to facilitate viral replication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110562"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swine interferon-induced transmembrane proteins inhibit porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication","authors":"Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Qinglan Wei ,&nbsp;Tong Guan ,&nbsp;Weiting Guo ,&nbsp;Lixin Jiang ,&nbsp;Siqi Cai ,&nbsp;Yunlu Zhuang ,&nbsp;Yujie Hu ,&nbsp;Guihong Zhang ,&nbsp;Gang Lu ,&nbsp;Lang Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has significantly harmed the global pig industry economically. Interferons can induce the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) that encode various natural antiviral immune effectors. Notably, swine interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (SwIFITMs) have not been thoroughly investigated in the context of PEDV. In the present research, we explored the anti-PEDV effects of SwIFITMs. Both interferon and PEDV were found to upregulate swine <em>IFITM</em> mRNA levels. Swine <em>IFITM</em> knockdown results showed that SwIFITM1a, −1b, and −2 most significantly reduced PEDV replication. By overexpressing SwIFITMs and establishing a SwIFITM-expressing Vero cell line, we identified SwIFITM2 as having the most pronounced anti-PEDV effect. SwIFITM2 inhibited PEDV entry phase. Additionally, SwIFITM2 interacted with PEDV S2 and N proteins in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, it exhibited high co-localization with caveolin-1, while demonstrating the lowest co-localization ratio with clathrin. Upon infection with PEDV, the co-localization of caveolin-1 and PEDV S2 or N protein significantly increased compared with control in the presence of SwIFITM2, indicating that SwIFITM2 may play an antiviral role by confining PEDV within caveolin-1. This study elucidates the anti-PEDV mechanisms of SwIFITMs, providing critical insights into their potential roles in viral pathogenesis and host defense.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of PRRSV replication by fangchinoline and cepharanthine from medicinal herbs through targeting of the CD163 protein","authors":"Youle Zheng ,&nbsp;Min Ling ,&nbsp;Jin Feng ,&nbsp;Yixin Yu ,&nbsp;Mengping Song ,&nbsp;Yanfei Tao ,&nbsp;Anding Zhang ,&nbsp;Xu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pigs are significant sources of food and bioproducts. However, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) poses a substantial threat to the global swine industry, leading to considerable economic losses. Efforts are still ongoing to explore effective vaccines or therapeutics to combat this pathogen. Plants stand as one of the richest sources of pharmacologically active natural products, continually furnishing promising antiviral components. This study utilizes computational screening and integrated <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> approaches to identify herbal compounds with anti-PRRSV activity. The binding affinity of these compounds for the CD163 protein is further confirmed through computer-aided drug design and cellular thermal shift assay. Porcine infection and therapeutic interventions studies are performed to comprehensively assess the anti-PRRSV efficacy of herbal formulations. The compounds fangchinoline (EC₅₀ = 2.03 µM) and cepharanthine (EC₅₀ = 1.27 µM) exhibit potent inhibition of PRRSV replication and uniquely target CD163. Furthermore, herbal formulations containing cepharanthine effectively inhibit PRRSV replication <em>in vivo</em> and alleviated symptoms significantly. Targeting CD163 with compounds like fangchinoline and cepharanthine presents a promising strategy for developing anti-PRRSV therapeutics. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of <em>in vivo</em> treatments and highlight the potential of <em>Stephania</em>-derived ingredients in combating PRRSV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Senecavirus A nonstructural protein 3A Inhibits Ago2-mediated RNAi antiviral response","authors":"Mengru Luo ,&nbsp;Xingyi Xie ,&nbsp;Dengkun Wang ,&nbsp;Xuechen Li ,&nbsp;Xianghui Ling ,&nbsp;Wenju Yuan ,&nbsp;Jiahao Cong ,&nbsp;Huihui Huang ,&nbsp;Yuhang Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhengjie Kong ,&nbsp;Bo Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Senecavirus A (SVA) can infect pigs of all ages and poses a significant risk to the swine industry. RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved antiviral immune defense pathway in eukaryotes, and many viruses have been proven to encode viral proteins as viral RNAi suppressors (VSRs) to evade RNAi-mediated antiviral response. However, it is unclear whether SVA regulates RNAi for its infection and replication. In this study, it is found that SVA nonstructural protein 3 A has a VSR function. Mechanistically, 3 A effectively inhibited double-stranded RNA and small interfering RNA-induced RNAi, degrading Argonaute2 (Ago2) through autophagy. This paper demonstrated that SVA encoded 3 A as VSR to resist RNAi pathway, escaping host immunity and promoting viral replication, which expands the understanding of the interaction between SVA and its host.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}