{"title":"The importance of slaughterhouses in monitoring the occurrence of tail biting in pigs - Review","authors":"M Svoboda, N Hodkovicová, A Siwicki, W Szweda","doi":"10.17221/85/2023-vetmed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/85/2023-vetmed","url":null,"abstract":"Tail biting in pigs represents a very serious problem in modern pig farming, particularly with the intensification of the industry. It is considered a multifactorial syndrome and can be caused by various factors, leading to significant economic losses through reduced weight gain and partial or total condemnation of slaughtered carcasses due to secondary bacterial infections. The aim of this article is to summarise the current knowledge regarding tail biting in pigs, with a primary focus on the use of slaughterhouses for evaluating tail lesions and monitoring their prevalence. The introduction addresses the factors influencing the incidence of tail biting in pig farms and prevention strategies. Subsequent sections cover topics such as tail docking, the negative effects of pig tail biting, the advantages and drawbacks of examining tail lesions in slaughterhouses, and the methodical procedure for evaluating such lesions. Additionally, the article discusses the relationship between tail lesions and meat inspection findings, as well as the prevalence of tail lesions in various European countries.","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135132648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Ha, S Kang, M Jung, E Jeon, S Hwang, J Lee, J Kim, YC Bae, J Park, UH Kim
{"title":"Retrospective study using biosensor data of a milking Holstein cow with jejunal haemorrhage syndrome","authors":"S Ha, S Kang, M Jung, E Jeon, S Hwang, J Lee, J Kim, YC Bae, J Park, UH Kim","doi":"10.17221/73/2023-vetmed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/73/2023-vetmed","url":null,"abstract":"Jejunal haemorrhage syndrome (JHS) is a sporadic and fatal enterotoxaemic disease in dairy cows associated with acute development and poor prognosis despite treatment. A 5-year-old Holstein cow with no reported pregnancy, three calving numbers, and 303 days in milk presented with hypothermia, discomfort, and inappetence. Anaemia, dehydration, faeces with blood clots, and absence of rumen and bowel movements were observed. We identified the presence of neutrophilia, hyperglycaemia, hypoproteinaemia, azotaemia, hyperlactatemia, hypocalcaemia, hypermagnesemia, hypokalaemia, and hypochloraemia through blood analyses. Necropsy and histopathologic examination revealed a dilated bluish-purple jejunum, blood clots within the jejunum, neutrophil infiltration into the submucosa of the jejunum, and vascular necrosis. Retrospective examination revealed extraordinary patterns of rumination time, activity, rumen mobility, and rumen temperature using biosensors and decreased milk yield. The abnormalities in the affected cow were detected before recognition by farm workers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to examine data from biosensors in a cow with JHS. Our findings suggest that using biometric data may help understand the development of JHS.","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135132661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V Ozavci, HT Yuksel Dolgun, S Kirkan, Y Seferoglu, Z Semen, U Parin
{"title":"Evaluation of Streptococcus species isolated from subclinical sheep mastitis by molecular methods and determination of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes","authors":"V Ozavci, HT Yuksel Dolgun, S Kirkan, Y Seferoglu, Z Semen, U Parin","doi":"10.17221/42/2023-vetmed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/42/2023-vetmed","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Streptococcus </i>(<i>S.</i>) species are important pathogens that cause mastitis in sheep. The study aimed to examine <i>Streptococcus </i>species in sheep milk with subclinical mastitis, assessing their prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence genes. A total of 200 milk samples were collected from sheep farms in İzmir’s five districts. Out of 32 (28.6%) <i>Streptococcus</i> isolates identified by phenotypic methods, 25 were genotypically identified as <i>S. uberis</i>, 5 as <i>S. agalactiae</i>, and 2 as <i>S. dysgalactiae</i>. Disk diffusion was used to determine the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates. PCR was employed to identify antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in the isolates. The highest resistance was found for cloxacillin (100%), and the highest sensitivity was found for florfenicol (84%). The most common resistance gene combination was <i>tetM</i>+<i>tetS</i> (3/32) for <i>S. uberis</i> in 9.4%. A total of five virulence genes were detected. <i>GapC</i>+<i>sua</i> (56.2%) constituted the most common gene pattern. The highest virulence gene <i>gapC</i> was detected in 78.1% (25/32) of the isolates. The <i>cylE</i> gene was not detected (0%) in the isolates. <i>Streptococcus </i>species may play a role in mastitis in sheep, emphasising the need for meticulous hygienic milking practices.","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135132180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z Knotek, Z Knotkova, E Cermakova, GM Dorrestein, KO Heckers, D Komenda
{"title":"Plasma bile acids in healthy green iguanas and iguanas with chronic liver diseases","authors":"Z Knotek, Z Knotkova, E Cermakova, GM Dorrestein, KO Heckers, D Komenda","doi":"10.17221/10/2023-vetmed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/10/2023-vetmed","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to establish reference values for plasma bile acid (BA) concentrations in a collection of healthy green iguanas and to compare the results with BA concentrations in iguana patients presented to the clinic with various types of chronic liver diseases, patients with other chronic diseases and healthy iguanas that were presented for routine or pre-surgical health check-up. The concentration of BA was determined using the enzymatic colorimetric method. Mean plasma bile acid concentration in 110 samples from healthy green iguanas fasted for 24 h was higher (15.89 ±Â 15.61 μmol/l) than plasma bile acid concentration in the same iguanas fasted for 48 h (9.56 ± 8.52 μmol/l) (<i>P</i> < 0.01). The 3α-hydroxy bile acid concentration was significantly altered in 9 patients suffering from chronic liver diseases (diagnosed by histology) (84.85 ±Â 22.29 µmol/l). BA concentration in one iguana with hepatocellular adenoma (13.0 µmol/l) was within the interval of BA in healthy iguanas. Mean plasma BA concentration in 10 green iguanas that were suffering from various types of chronic diseases, but without any hepatopathy was 7.85 ±Â 4.86 μmol/l. The mean plasma BA concentration in 18 samples from green iguanas presented to the clinic for routine health check-ups and 17 green iguana females with preovulatory follicle stasis (POFS) syndrome presented for ovariectomy was 11.95 ±Â 9.43 μmol/l and 12.97 ±Â 9.06 μmol/l, respectively. The data collected from this study suggest that plasma bile acids are significantly increased in green iguanas suffering from chronic liver diseases.","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135132016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I Ullah, A Nasir, M Kashif, A Sikandar, M Sajid, M Adil, A Rehman, MU Iqbal, H Ullah
{"title":"Incidence of aflatoxin M1 in cows' milk in Pakistan, effects on milk quality and evaluation of therapeutic management in dairy animals","authors":"I Ullah, A Nasir, M Kashif, A Sikandar, M Sajid, M Adil, A Rehman, MU Iqbal, H Ullah","doi":"10.17221/18/2023-vetmed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/18/2023-vetmed","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was aimed at measuring the concentration of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in the milk of Holstein Friesian cows, its effect on the milk quality and seasonal trends, as well as to investigate the efficacy of a commercial clay-based toxin binder. For this purpose, milk samples from dairy cows (n = 72) were collected and assayed for AFM1 before employing a clay-based toxin binder. The milk samples (n = 72) were collected from selected animals, revealing that 69.4% of the milk samples had AFM1 levels above the United States permissible limit (0.5 µg/kg). The incidence of AFM1 in milk during the winter and summer was 82.5% and 53.1%, respectively. Owing to the presence of AFM1, the level of milk fat, solids-not-fat, and protein were found to be low. Subsequently, the affected animals were divided into two groups, i.e., AFM1 positive control (n = 10) and the experimental group (n = 40). The experimental group of animals were fed the clay-based toxin binder at 25 g/animal/day. A progressive decrease of 19.8% in the AFM1 levels was observed on day 4 and on day 7 (53.6%) in the treatment group. Furthermore, the fat, solids-non-fat and protein increased significantly in the milk. In conclusion, a high level of AFM1 contamination occurs in the milk in Pakistan, affecting the quality of the milk production. Clay-based toxin binders may be used to ensure the milk quality and to protect the animal and consumer health.","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinarni MedicinaPub Date : 2023-05-24eCollection Date: 2023-05-01DOI: 10.17221/6/2023-VETMED
Fei Liao, Taotao Bao, Guangyao Tao, Yanchun Hu, Changquan Han
{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> evaluation of the composition and acaricidal efficacy of <i>Urtica fissa</i> leaf ethyl acetate extract against <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> mites.","authors":"Fei Liao, Taotao Bao, Guangyao Tao, Yanchun Hu, Changquan Han","doi":"10.17221/6/2023-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/6/2023-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In veterinary medicine, natural products provide an alternative to chemical agents for mite management. In the present study, the acaricidal efficacy of <i>Urtica fissa</i> leaf ethyl acetate extract against <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> mites was examined. The chemical composition of the extract was determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The ethyl acetate extract was found to be extremely toxic to mites at a concentration of 100 mg/ml (m/v), killing all <i>S. scabiei</i> within two hours. The median lethal time (LT50) values for ethyl acetate extract concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml against <i>S. scabiei</i> were 1.706, 1.204, and 0.750 h, respectively. The median lethal dosage (LC50) for <i>S. scabiei</i> was 19.14 mg/ml at two hours. The chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract was evaluated using LC-MS, showing that the major components were schaftoside (8.259%), carnosol (6.736%), prostaglandin A2 (5.94%), 13(<i>S</i>)-HpOTrE (4.624%), nandrolone (4.264%), 1<i>H</i>-indole-3-carboxaldehyde (4.138%), 9-oxoODE (3.206%), and stearidonic acid (2.891%). In conclusion, these findings indicate that <i>Urtica fissa</i> contains promising new acaricidal compounds capable of successfully controlling animal mites.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":"200-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41313780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinarni MedicinaPub Date : 2023-03-30eCollection Date: 2023-03-01DOI: 10.17221/111/2022-VETMED
Ching-Jung Lien, Shang-Lin Wang
{"title":"The impact of urine storage methods on the results of quantitative bacterial culture in dog and cat.","authors":"Ching-Jung Lien, Shang-Lin Wang","doi":"10.17221/111/2022-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/111/2022-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitative bacterial culture (QBC) is the gold standard for determining urinary tract infections. However, the majority of urine samples were sent to a lab for further bacterial culture. Therefore, the storage condition was vital to maintain the quality and accuracy of the urine samples. The main objective of our study was to examine the urine QBC outcomes of (1) immediate culture, (2) culture after urine sample storage at ambient temperature for 24 h, and (3) culture after urine sample storage at 4 °C for 24 hours. There were 49 feline samples and 30 canine samples included in this study. All QBC samples kept at ambient temperature and refrigerator were consistent with immediate QBC in cats. Eight positive results from immediate QBC were in accordance with refrigerated results in dogs. There were ten positive results in the room-temperature sample with two false-positive results. Our study showed that storing conditions at room temperature or refrigeration for 24 h does not impact the results of QBC in cat urine samples. For dog samples, chilled samples have a higher accuracy rate than room temperature samples, although the overall agreement was still satisfactory.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":"116-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10581515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67547981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum: The effect of brown seaweed and polyphenol supplementation in male rabbits on the blood profile and antioxidant markers","authors":"M Massanyi","doi":"10.17221/4/2023-vetmed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/4/2023-vetmed","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135300662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinarni MedicinaPub Date : 2022-07-25eCollection Date: 2022-07-01DOI: 10.17221/70/2021-VETMED
Soo-Jin Yu, Hee-Eun Kim, Hyun-Jung Han, Jung-Hyun Kim
{"title":"Successful management of feline CD4<sup>+</sup> CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell mediastinal lymphoma with pericardial effusion.","authors":"Soo-Jin Yu, Hee-Eun Kim, Hyun-Jung Han, Jung-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.17221/70/2021-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/70/2021-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 2-year-old, castrated, male Russian blue cat presented with acute dyspnoea, cyanosis, and lethargy. A thoracic radiography revealed a large cranial mediastinal mass; the computed tomography revealed caudal lobe atelectasis of the right lung with pericardial and pleural effusions. The cytodiagnostic tests revealed high-grade CD4<sup>+</sup> CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell mediastinal lymphoma as clinical stage Vb; l-asparaginase-cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisolone (l-CHOP)-based chemotherapy was initiated, following which the mass shrunk rapidly; 1 week after the initiation of chemotherapy, the appetite-related and respiratory symptoms improved dramatically, and the pleural and pericardial effusion resolved. The patient remains in complete remission three years after the initiation of the l-CHOP chemotherapy. Therefore, the accurate diagnosis and instantaneous initiation of chemotherapy may resolve life-threatening pleural and pericardial effusions in cats with high-grade aberrant T-cell mediastinal lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":"544-551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11070901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67558125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pancreatic adenocarcinoma with atypical imaging features mimicking chronic pancreatitis in a dog.","authors":"Jinsun Jang, Hojung Choi, Youngwon Lee, Kija Lee, Yongsoo Choi, Inchul Park, Sooyoung Choi","doi":"10.17221/132/2021-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/132/2021-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 11-year-old intact female Pomeranian dog was referred for jaundice, anorexia, and vomiting. The blood analysis revealed increased alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The serum canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity was within the normal reference range. The radiography revealed no significant findings. On ultrasound, the gallbladder was enlarged with a markedly distended common bile duct (CBD) measuring up to 6 mm in diameter. The pancreas had an irregular contour, a hypoechoic peripheral rim, multiple hyperechoic foci with acoustic shadowing, and showed increased echogenicity of the adjacent mesentery. Based on these results, an extrahepatic biliary obstruction secondary to the presumed chronic pancreatitis was diagnosed. The computed tomography (CT) images showed a hypoattenuating pancreatic parenchyma compared to the liver in the early phase, as well as multiple calcifications. A laparotomy was performed to reserve the patency of the CBD. The histopathological examination of the pancreas revealed exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma. While various appearances of exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma on CT have been reported in humans, CT features of pancreatic adenocarcinoma have not been well-established in dogs. The purpose of this report is to describe the atypical imaging features of pancreatic adenocarcinoma that are similar to those of chronic pancreatitis in a dog.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"67 9","pages":"487-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11071132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140877483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}