M. Martiniakova, J. Blahova, V. Kovacova, Vladimira Mondockova, R. Babosová, A. Kalafová, M. Capcarová, R. Omelka
{"title":"Effects of bee bread, Cornelian cherries treatment on the femoral bone structure using Zucker diabetic fatty rats as an animal model","authors":"M. Martiniakova, J. Blahova, V. Kovacova, Vladimira Mondockova, R. Babosová, A. Kalafová, M. Capcarová, R. Omelka","doi":"10.17221/224/2020-vetmed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/224/2020-vetmed","url":null,"abstract":": This is a pilot study dealing with the reduced femoral bone structure in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats following a 10 week treatment with bee bread and Cornelian cherries. The adult ZDF rats were divided into 4 groups: the E1 group received bee bread (500 mg/kg b.w. daily), the E2 group received Cornelian cherries (500 mg/kg b.w. per day), the E3 group was simultaneously supplemented by bee bread and Cornelian cherries (500 + 500 mg/kg b.w. daily), and the C group served as an untreated diabetic control. A non-significant decrease in the blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride concentrations, ALP activity and a non-significant increase in the insulin, total body weight of the ZDF rats, femoral length and weight were observed in the E1, E2, and E3 groups. The treatments had no impact on the relative volume of the cortical bone, bone mineral density, bone surface and cortical bone thickness. On the contrary, the relative volume of the trabecular bone, trabecular thickness and trabecular bone surface were significantly increased in the E1 group. The relative volume of the trabecular bone and trabecular thickness were significantly elevated in the E2 group. In the E3 group, the trabecular thickness was found to have significantly increased. Single administrations of either bee bread or Cornelian cherries had more positive effects on the trabecular bone microarchitecture in the ZDF rats than the simultaneous supplementation.","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48732692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norberto Ruiz-Suarez, Sofie Fatima, Mareyam Bhatti, Michelle Hermans, Camila Baptista da Silva, Myriam Hesta
{"title":"Food hypersensitivity and feline hyperaesthesia syndrome (FHS): A case report","authors":"Norberto Ruiz-Suarez, Sofie Fatima, Mareyam Bhatti, Michelle Hermans, Camila Baptista da Silva, Myriam Hesta","doi":"10.17221/118/2020-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/118/2020-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"A 2-year-11-month-old female spayed cat was at the Small Animal Teaching Hospital of Ghent University presenting with hyperactivity, scratching and licking all over her body and an abnormal urination behaviour. Nothing remarkable was found on the dermatology and neurological examination. Based on the owner’s history and video material, the presence of feline hyperaesthesia syndrome (FHS) was hypothesised. A symptomatic treatment with gabapentin was established for a month without any significant improvement. An elimination diet with hydrolysed protein sources was started and, as a result, the dose of gabapentin was reduced after three days and completely stopped after one week. With the exception of two non-intentional exposures to non-hypoallergenic diets and the challenge with new protein sources by the owner, the cat has been free of symptoms, with the exception of a slight reaction in the lumbar area (significantly reduced in comparison before starting the diet), and without the use of medication. In conclusion, an elimination diet should be considered as part of the diagnostic plan for FHS and should not be delegated to the last step if the patient’s condition allows it.","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45630820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) in a Veterinary Clinic in Vienna between 2000–2019","authors":"M. Hochleithner, C. Hochleithner","doi":"10.17221/110/2020-vetmed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/110/2020-vetmed","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this clinical retrospective study was to analyse the prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). The role of T. gallinae in budgerigars as the cause of a typical clinical picture (young vomiting budgerigars) is clear; however, the frequency of latent and subclinical diseases in pet birds is unclear. Over the period of 20 years (2000–2019), 16 759 birds were examined, of which 5 256 (31.36%) belonged to the genus Melopsittacus (budgerigars). Within the 5 256 presented budgerigars, 2 547 (48.45%) were examined for trichomonads using a microscopic examination of a crop wash, and, of those, 978 birds (38.39%) were found to be positive for T. gallinae. Only 96 (9.8%) of the positive budgerigars showed typical signs of the disease, such as loss of appetite, vomiting, weight loss or anorexia. Unspecific clinical signs were seen in 312 (31.9%), while 570 birds (58.3%) did not show any clinical signs and had been presented for a routine check or other medical problems. Treatment using metronidazole (Anaerobex, Flagyl) was successful in 82–85% of these diseased birds. Trichomonads can be detected in over a third of budgerigars, even if less than 10% of the positive ones show clinical symptoms.","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41551514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinarni MedicinaPub Date : 2021-06-01eCollection Date: 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17221/229/2020-VETMED
Lukas Novak, Jana Burova, Laura Stankova, Michal Rado
{"title":"Changes in tracheal, oesophageal and rectal temperature over 60 minutes anaesthesia in non-heated dogs, spontaneously breathing or mechanically ventilated.","authors":"Lukas Novak, Jana Burova, Laura Stankova, Michal Rado","doi":"10.17221/229/2020-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/229/2020-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this prospective randomised clinical study was to determine the differences in the tracheal, oesophageal and rectal temperature in spontaneously breathing or mechanically ventilated dogs. A total of thirty dogs were allocated to the SPO-group breathing spontaneously (<i>n</i> = 15) or the MEC-group ventilated mechanically (<i>n</i> = 15). Anaesthesia was established using a medetomidine-butorphanol-propofol-isoflurane combination. The tracheal (T-Tra), oesophageal (T-Oes), rectal (T-Rec), inspired gas (T-Gas), room (T-Room) temperatures, respiratory frequency (<i>f</i> <sub>R</sub>), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration (ETCO<sub>2</sub>) were measured after connecting to a re-breathing system (baseline) and subsequently in 10-minute intervals for 60 minutes. The data were analysed using ANOVA and Steel-Dwass tests (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In the SPO-group, the T-Tra, was significantly lower at T30, T40, T50, T60, the T-Oes and T-Rec at T40, T50, T60, compared to the baseline. In the MEC-group, the T-Tra and T-Oes was significantly lower at T30, T40<sub>,</sub> T50, T60, the T-Rec at T40, T50, T60, compared to the baseline. In the SPO-group, the <i>f</i> <sub>R</sub> was significantly lower for all the times and the ETCO<sub>2</sub> higher at T10, T20, T30, T40, T50 compared to the MEC-group. No other differences were detected. During anaesthesia, there is a comparable decrease in body temperatures, regardless of whether the dogs are breathing spontaneously or ventilated mechanically.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":"287-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79906536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinarni MedicinaPub Date : 2021-06-01eCollection Date: 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17221/189/2020-VETMED
Hana Minarova, Petra Ondrackova, Miroslava Palikova, Jan Mares, Jana Blahova, Katerina Jarova, Martin Faldyna
{"title":"Optimisation of phagocytosis assay in rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>).","authors":"Hana Minarova, Petra Ondrackova, Miroslava Palikova, Jan Mares, Jana Blahova, Katerina Jarova, Martin Faldyna","doi":"10.17221/189/2020-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/189/2020-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A phagocytosis assay is one of the most commonly used functional immunological methods. There are many possible ways of assessing leucocytes and their ability to ingest different particles. The aim of this study was to optimise the phagocytosis assay in rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) using labelled zymosan particles (Alexa Fluor 488 and Texas Red conjugate). Whole blood was incubated with the particles under different conditions and leucocytes were subsequently isolated by haemolysis in a hypotonic environment. The effect of the different incubation time, temperature, blood volume and dilution on the phagocytic activity was evaluated by flow cytometry. Our experiments showed that the incubation for at least 2 h at 15 °C provided optimal results, while the blood volume and dilution had no significant effect. The optimised assay will be used for the examination of fish health and in further experimental studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"8 1","pages":"298-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82062778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinarni MedicinaPub Date : 2021-06-01eCollection Date: 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17221/116/2020-VETMED
Hanna Ziemak, Hieronim Frackowiak, Maciej Zdun
{"title":"Domestic cat's internal carotid artery in ontogenesis.","authors":"Hanna Ziemak, Hieronim Frackowiak, Maciej Zdun","doi":"10.17221/116/2020-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/116/2020-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to trace the presence of the internal carotid artery in the system of cerebral arteries of the domestic cat and to determine the role of this artery in supplying blood to the brain in ontogenesis. The available publications provide ambiguous or even contradictory information. The authors of some studies claim that there is no extracranial segment in the domestic cat's internal carotid artery. Other authors reported the internal carotid artery in the arterial pattern of the encephalon base. The study was conducted on sixty-one domestic cats: fifteen foetuses, sixteen juvenile cats, and thirty adult cats were analysed. The internal carotid artery - a vessel with a relatively large lumen - was fully preserved in all the foetuses and most of the juvenile animals. This artery was not complete with regard to the adults and some juvenile individuals, because it had lost the extracranial segment as a result of the obliteration process. A precise description of this area is not only of biological, but also of clinical, significance. The knowledge of the anatomical structure of cerebral vessels is particularly important to correctly interpret images obtained during diagnostic tests and to conduct surgical procedures correctly.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"6 1","pages":"292-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88752784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinarni MedicinaPub Date : 2021-06-01eCollection Date: 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17221/81/2020-VETMED
Radan Elvis Matias de Oliveira, Fernanda Loffler Niemeyer Attademo, Jaqueline Silva Galvincio, Augusto Carlos da Boaviagem Freire, Alessandra Salles da Silva, Juliana Maia de Lorena Pires, Laize Regina Palhares de Lima, Joao Mauricio Ferreira Aguiar, Amy Borges Moreira, Lucas Inacio Dos Santos Melo, Simone Almeida Gavilan, Stella Almeida Lima, Mariana Almeida Lima, Flavio Jose de Lima Silva, Moacir Franco de Oliveira
{"title":"Successful rehabilitation of an oiled sea turtle (<i>Lepidochelys olivacea</i>) affected by the biggest oil spill disaster in Brazil.","authors":"Radan Elvis Matias de Oliveira, Fernanda Loffler Niemeyer Attademo, Jaqueline Silva Galvincio, Augusto Carlos da Boaviagem Freire, Alessandra Salles da Silva, Juliana Maia de Lorena Pires, Laize Regina Palhares de Lima, Joao Mauricio Ferreira Aguiar, Amy Borges Moreira, Lucas Inacio Dos Santos Melo, Simone Almeida Gavilan, Stella Almeida Lima, Mariana Almeida Lima, Flavio Jose de Lima Silva, Moacir Franco de Oliveira","doi":"10.17221/81/2020-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/81/2020-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The standardisation of protocols and discussion of therapeutic procedures in the rehabilitation of turtles affected by oil spills are necessary to optimise the recovery time and increase the chances of survival of these animals. This study aimed at reporting the processes adopted for the stabilisation, decontamination, rehabilitation and release of an oiled olive ridley sea turtle (<i>Lepidochelys olivacea</i>), rescued alive on September 23, 2019, at Santa Rita Beach, Extremoz municipality, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Its entire body was covered by oil. At first, the animal was mechanically dry cleaned using a gauze soaked in mineral oil in the keratinised regions (carapace and plastron) and a gauze soaked in vegetable oil was used on the oral, nasal, ocular, and cloacal mucous membranes. The second stage of the oil removal consisted of washing the animal with heated pressurised water (39 °C) and a neutral detergent using a soft foam sponge. The animal received treatment with antitoxins, antibiotics, analgesics, gastrointestinal protectors, and fluid therapy. After 7 days of treatment, the blood count showed that all the parameters were within the normal range. The oil cleaning process and the therapeutic protocol used in the rehabilitation of the olive ridley sea turtle were efficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"16 1","pages":"313-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81616063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Percutaneous endoscopic limited-lumbosacral-dorsal laminectomy in eight dogs - A cadaveric study.","authors":"Seung-Bong Yang, Hee-Sup Moon, Yong-Hyun Hwang, Hee-Chun Lee, Dongbin Lee, Jae-Hoon Lee","doi":"10.17221/33/2020-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/33/2020-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the technical feasibility of a percutaneous endoscopic limited-dorsal laminectomy (PELDL) and to evaluate if the decompression and examination of the lumbosacral vertebral canals could be achieved using an endoscope in small dogs. A total of eight fresh canine cadavers were used for the study. Following the injection of a barium and agarose mixture (BA-gel), which simulates intervertebral disc herniation, a PELDL was performed over L7-S1 in these animals. Computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained pre- and postoperatively to evaluate the surgical outcomes. All the procedures were completed with a clear visualisation of the spinal cord and removal of the BA-gel. The mean surgery time for the PELDL was 30.00 ± 12.01 minutes. In two dogs, iatrogenic nerve root injuries were caused by the surgical instruments during the operation. The CT scans showed that the amount of BA-gel removed was sufficient for a spinal-cord decompression. A PELDL could be used for the BA-gel removal to decompress the spinal cord and provide a clear view of the spinal canal. Therefore, it could be used as an alternative surgical option to treat lumbosacral disc disease in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"68 1","pages":"279-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89080197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of in vitro (fish cell line) and in vivo (fish and crustacean) acute toxicity tests in aquatic toxicology","authors":"J. Kolářová, J. Velíšek, Z. Svobodová","doi":"10.17221/161/2020-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/161/2020-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"The use of in vitro (fish cell lines) is a cost-effective, very rapid, and informative tool for toxicological assessments. Using the neutral red (NR) assay, we compared the in vitro acute toxicity (20hEC50) of twenty-six chemical substances on a rainbow trout gonad cell line (RTG-2) with their in vivo acute toxicity to Barbados Millions Poecilia reticulata (48hLC50, OECD 203) and crustacean Daphnia magna (48hEC50, OECD 202). The 20hEC50 values obtained by the NR assay were higher in nearly all the cases when compared to the 48hLC50 in P. reticulata and the 48hEC50 in D. magna, indicating that the sensitivity of the RTG-2 cell line was lower compared to P. reticulata and D. magna. A high (r = 0.89) and significant (P < 0.001) correlation was recorded between the 20hEC50 values of the RTG-2 and the 48hEC50 values of D. magna. The correlation between the 20hEC50 values of the RTG-2 and the 48hLC50 values of P. reticulata was lower (r = 0.65; P < 0.001), but also significant. The authors recommend use of the NR assay on the RTG-2 cell lines as a screening protocol to evaluate the toxicity of xenobiotics in aquatic environments to narrow the spectrum of the concentrations for the fish toxicity test.","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43333275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinarni MedicinaPub Date : 2021-06-01eCollection Date: 2021-07-01DOI: 10.17221/135/2020-VETMED
Olga Gojska-Zygner, Marek Galanty, Beata Degorska, Jan Frymus, Wojciech Zygner
{"title":"Congenital gallbladder agenesis in a 9-month-old Bull Terrier.","authors":"Olga Gojska-Zygner, Marek Galanty, Beata Degorska, Jan Frymus, Wojciech Zygner","doi":"10.17221/135/2020-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/135/2020-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital gallbladder agenesis is an extremely rare disorder, which has, to the best of our knowledge, only been reported in seventeen dogs (mainly in Japan). In almost all of these cases, gallbladder agenesis or hypoplasia was detected in small dogs. In this report, we present a case of gallbladder agenesis in a 9-month-old intact female Bull Terrier. The clinical signs included diarrhoea, sporadic vomiting, apathy and decreased appetite. The serum biochemistry revealed an increased liver enzyme activity, an increased concentration of serum bile acids and mild hyperbilirubinaemia. A diagnostic laparotomy demonstrated the lack of a gallbladder and dilation of the common bile duct, which was misinterpreted as the gallbladder in the ultrasonographic examination. The histological examination of the liver revealed degenerative changes in the hepatocytes with glycogen accumulation and some necrotic hepatocytes. The therapy included a low protein diet, fluids, silymarin and ursodeoxycholic acid. After nine weeks of therapy, the dog was in good condition, the diarrhoea and vomiting ceased, and the liver function parameters, such as the AST and GLDH activities, and the concentration of bile acids had decreased to reference intervals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"1 1","pages":"305-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11975443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87730098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}