Veterinarni Medicina最新文献

{"title":"<i>N</i>-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase in clinically healthy German Shepherd dogs and dogs with early stages of chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Nikola Marecakova, Jana Kacirova, Csilla Tothova, Aladar Madari, Marian Madar, Maria Kuricova, Slavomir Hornak","doi":"10.17221/34/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/34/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urinary <i>N</i>-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity is associated with kidney disease. In our study, we focused on evaluating the ratio of NAG to the urinary creatinine concentration (NAG/Cr) in the German Shepherd breed. Sixty-two healthy dogs and thirteen dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were examined. The healthy dogs were divided into groups based on their sex and age (puppies and adolescent dogs under 2 years, adult dogs from 2 to 6 years and seniors over 6 years), while the dogs with CKD were divided based on the disease stage (CKD stage 1 and 2). No significant difference was detected between the males and females. Regarding the age dependence, significantly higher values were found in dogs older than 6 years (<i>P</i> = 0.020 3) compared to dogs aged 2-6 years. When comparing the healthy dogs to the dogs with CKD, the lowest NAG/Cr ratio was observed in the dogs with CKD stage 2. The reference interval for NAG/Cr in the German Shepherd was established in the range of 0.78-7.86 U/gCr. We observed no correlations with the commonly used markers of kidney disease such as creatinine, urea, or symmetrical dimethylarginine. Nevertheless, we encourage the further investigation of NAG in relation to CKD, taking the breed, sex and age of the patients into account.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 10","pages":"337-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of CTX-I, CTX-II, TIMP-I, MMP-9 and PIICP in the population of working German Shepherd dogs in Slovakia.","authors":"Scarlett Maresova, Tomas Liptak, Aladar Madari, Patrik Zeleznik, Csilla Tothova, Maria Kuricova","doi":"10.17221/127/2023-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/127/2023-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to determine the reference values of cartilage damage biomarkers in the blood and urine in 76 clinically healthy German Shepherd dogs. We grouped the dogs into 4 groups by age. All the groups were consistently made up of 19 dogs. The mean age and average body weight were established for all the dog groups. The blood was collected from the <i>vena cephalica antebrachii</i> or the <i>vena saphena medialis</i> and the urine sample was taken by us-guided cystocenthesis. The biomarkers were determined using quantitative sandwich ELISA kits. The mean values of the biomarkers ± SD were, for the urine biomarkers, CTX-I 3.29 ± 1.16 ng/ml, CTX-II 1 993.95 ± 777.04 ng/ml, and TIMP-I 392.80 ± 160.56 ng/ml, and for the blood biomarkers, MMP-9 89.85 ± 50.21 ng/ml and PIICP 19.19 ± 7.33 ng/ml. Based on the obtained values of the mean 95%, we expect a standard for CTX-I 5.05 ng/ml, CTX-II 3 204.26 ng/ml, TIMP-I 606.64 ng/ml, MMP-9 187.93 ng/ml, and PIICP 31.71 ng/ml.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 10","pages":"355-361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An unusual finding of schwannoma in the mammary gland of a dog.","authors":"Maria Makovicka, Peter Bolgac, Karol Kajo, Peter Makovicky, Pavol Svorc","doi":"10.17221/41/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/41/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral nerve sheath tumours (PNSTs) are rare in the mammary glands of dogs. Here, we report a case of a schwannoma, composed of two parts, of the mammary gland of a dog. The first part consists of clusters of uncircumscribed, alternating, more concentrated and looser regions. In the more concentrated parts, typical fascicularly arranged schwannoma intermingle in plexiform arrangement, more subtle in appearance than in neuronal tumour areas. The second part undergoes regression consisting predominantly of residual shorter rosettes of cells with the presence of a peculiar variably sized swirling of target-like formations consisting of compact, thicker, pinkish lamellae also with occasional adjacent cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells are positive for evidence of vimentin and neuro-specific enolase. They exhibit the variable expression of the S-100 protein, show mild CD56 positivity, and focally mildly accentuated proliferative activity as assessed by Ki-67. The tumour elements are negative for evidence of cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 20, and oestrogen receptors. Hybrid tumours may change their morphology in combination with atypical localisation and may be underdiagnosed in veterinary biopsy practice. They differ from epithelial tumours prognostically, as well as in their development and behaviour, therefore it is essential to clearly differentiate them.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 10","pages":"362-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of coagulation by thromboelastography and a velocity curve in dogs with parvoviral enteritis.","authors":"Oya Eralp Inan, Pinar Levent, Ahmet Saril, Lina Hamabe, Meric Kocaturk, Zeki Yilmaz","doi":"10.17221/49/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/49/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE) has a high mortality rate in untreated dogs due to systemic inflammation and multi-organ dysfunction. The inflammatory process can lead to coagulation abnormalities. This study aimed to evaluate the coagulation status using thromboelastography (TEG) and assess the thrombin generation (TG) and clot dissolution using TEG-derived velocity curve (v-curve) parameters in dogs with CPE. It included 21 dogs with CPE and five healthy dogs. In addition to the clinico-haemato-biochemical examinations, the coagulation status was analysed using citrated venous blood samples with TEG. All the dogs with CPE met at least two criteria for systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The comparison to healthy controls showed a statistically significant prolongation of reaction times (R time; <i>P</i> = 0.005) and times to the maximum rate of thrombus generation (TMRTG; <i>P</i> = 0.003). However, the times to the maximum rate of lysis (TMRL; <i>P</i> = 0.041) and total lysis (L; <i>P</i> = 0.024) decreased significantly. The TEG tracings showed coagulation states varying from hypocoagulation to hypercoagulation in dogs with CPE. These results showed that the v-curve derivate can be used to evaluate the coagulation in dogs with CPE, and it could be superior to the standard TEG variables for determining the low fibrinolytic activity. Thus, the v-curve parameters may provide a novel insight into the underlying mechanism and clinical treatment strategy of CPE-induced inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 10","pages":"345-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection and characterisation of <i>Mycoplasma</i> species in community owned dogs of Kerala, a South Indian State.","authors":"Gatchanda Shravan Kumar, Anju Varghese, Prabodh Kumar Hembram, Karapparambu Gopalan Ajith Kumar, Chundayil Kalarickal Deepa, Able Varghese, Reghu Ravindran","doi":"10.17221/116/2023-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/116/2023-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haemotropic mycoplasmas (haemoplasmas) are obligate epierythrocytic bacteria that infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts. The molecular characterisation of <i>Mycoplasma</i> organisms in dogs has not previously been attempted from India. Hence, in the present study, the molecular characterisation of <i>Mycoplasma</i> spp. in dogs of different zones of Kerala was attempted using <i>16S rRNA</i> gene. An overall prevalence of 18% for <i>M. haemocanis</i> was detected. The NCBI-BLAST analysis of all the selected sequences revealed > 99% identity with the sequences of <i>M. haemocanis.</i> The phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering of <i>M. haemocanis</i> and <i>M. haemofelis</i> in a single clade indicating low genetic variability. It was further supported by the genetic distance data and haplotype analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 9","pages":"321-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11518042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does a relation between bone histomorphometry and fractures exist? The case of the equine radius and tibia.","authors":"Marco Zedda, Ramona Babosova, Sergio Gadau, Gianluca Lepore, Sara Succu, Vittorio Farina","doi":"10.17221/18/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/18/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fractures of long bones in limbs are rare traumatic events in horses. This study investigates whether the incidence and types of fractures can be related to the histomorphometric features of the radius and tibia, which experience different biomechanical stresses and exhibit varying incidences and types of fractures. Clinical observations suggest that, in adults, slightly transverse and comminuted fractures are present in the radius, while the tibia shows a higher frequency of longitudinal and spiral fractures. Microscopic observations reveal no apparent distinctive characteristics between the radius and tibia, whereas the histomorphometric data highlight differences in the osteon density, eccentricity, and diameters of the osteons and Haversian canals. To sum up, tibial osteons are more numerous and smaller than those in the radius, resulting in a 15% higher total extension of the cement line in the tibia compared to the radius. These histomorphometric differences are an evolutionary adaptation to the different biomechanical stresses that involve the thoracic and pelvic limbs. Our results could help better understand numerous clinical realities detectable through retrospective analyses and aid in evaluating a specific bone's predisposition towards traumatic events in all mammals, including humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 9","pages":"307-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11517812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-year study monitoring the cadmium content in the tissues of lambs and sheep sampled in the Czech Republic between 2001 and 2022.","authors":"Zdenka Svobodova, Jiri Drapal, Veronika Vlasakova, Danka Harustiakova, Josef Illek, Martin Svoboda","doi":"10.17221/45/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/45/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium is one of the most important environmental contaminants. Animals grazing on natural pastures are particularly exposed to cadmium. Sheep are mostly reared in extensive and grazing systems. Therefore, sheep may accumulate larger amounts of cadmium compared to other ruminant species and are a good indicator of exposure to cadmium contamination in a given area. The determination of cadmium concentrations in the muscles, livers and kidneys of lambs and sheep was carried out in the Czech Republic during the period 2001-2022. The average cadmium content in the livers and kidneys of all the lambs was 0.037 ± 0.006 and 0.061 ± 0.013 mg.kg^-1, respectively. The average cadmium content in the livers and kidneys of all the sheep was 0.319 ± 0.047 and 1.255 ± 0.204 mg.kg^-1, respectively. The maximum limit for human consumption was not exceeded in any of the 24 samples in the lambs but was exceeded in 5 of 33 liver samples and 12 of 33 kidney samples in the adult sheep. The average value of cadmium in the muscles of the lambs and sheep was 0.004 ± 0.001 mg.kg^-1. The maximum limit for human consumption was not exceeded in any muscle sample. The cadmium content in both the liver and in the kidney differs significantly between the lambs and sheep, being higher in the sheep (<i>P</i> < 0.001 for both comparisons). No statistically significant trend of a decrease in the cadmium content in the lamb and sheep tissues was found during the observed time (<i>P</i> > 0.05). We can sum up that there is an evident need for further monitoring of the cadmium concentration in lamb and sheep tissues in the Czech Republic.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 9","pages":"314-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11518113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142550092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Senecio ovatus</i> poisoning in a horse - A case report.","authors":"Andrea Kopecka, Tereza Novotna, Zdenka Svobodova, Zuzana Drabkova","doi":"10.17221/37/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/37/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study describes a case of poisoning by pyrrolizidine alkaloids in a horse. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first confirmed case of <i>Senecio ovatus</i> poisoning. A six-year-old 450-kg Irish cob mare was presented to the Equine Clinic of the University of Veterinary Sciences Brno (Czechia) with symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy, which progressively worsened with time despite intensive therapy and led to euthanasia. A complex diagnostic and therapeutic approach including the post-mortem patoanatomical and histopathological examination is described here. Regarding the histopathology of the liver, there was necrosis with haemorrhage, fatty changes and inflammation. A later inspection of the grazing area revealed the presence of <i>Senecio ovatus</i> (wood ragwort). A sensitive chromatographic method was used to determine the pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their metabolites in the plasma and the liver. In both of the samples, metabolites of pyrrolizidine alkaloids were detected. Although pyrrolizidine alkaloid poisoning was proven, the histopathological findings typical for this disease were absent. It is clear from our case that the histopathology in cases of poisoning by pyrrolizidine alkaloids may not always be conclusive.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 9","pages":"329-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11517866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of two methods of measuring the urinary protein concentration for the determination of the urinary protein to creatinine ratio in various animal species.","authors":"Simona Kovarikova, Jana Blahova, Ivana Vanova, Petr Marsalek","doi":"10.17221/30/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/30/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Determination of the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) is an important tool in the quantification of proteinuria in animals. However, the result may be affected by the different methods of determining the urinary protein concentration. The aim of this study was to compare the turbidimetric method using benzethonium chloride and the colorimetric method using pyrogallol red in the measurement of the urinary protein concentration in dogs, cats, guinea pigs and horses. A total of 464, 192, 216 and 119 urine samples from dogs, cats, guinea pigs and horses were examined in the study, respectively. The group consisted of animals of both sexes and different ages, and, in the dogs and cats, it included both healthy animals and those with various health problems. In the group of horses and guinea pigs, only clinically healthy animals were included. A total of 347, 185, 103 and 100 samples from the dogs, cats, guinea pigs and horses were used in the statistical analysis; the other values were excluded as they were below the detection limit. According to the Passing-Bablok analysis, there was a significant constant and proportional difference in the horses. In the dogs, cats and guinea pigs, there was a significant constant difference, but no proportional difference. The Bland-Altman method showed significant bias between the two methods in the horses and cats, but not in the dogs and guinea pigs. In the dogs and cats, the agreement between the two methods was tested and expressed as Cohen's kappa (κ). In the cats, it was almost perfect for the proteinuric samples (κ = 0.823 3) and significant for the non-proteinuric samples (κ = 0.804 9). In the dogs, the agreement was significant for the non-proteinuric samples (κ = 0.621 5) and only moderate for the proteinuric samples (κ = 0.527 5). The influence of the method used to determine the urinary protein concentration should be taken into account when evaluating the UPC. Repeated examinations in one patient should be performed with the same method.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 8","pages":"273-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11406498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic bacteria of wild boar origin intended for piglets - An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Iveta Kostovova, Katerina Kavanova, Monika Moravkova, Jan Gebauer, Lenka Leva, Monika Vicenova, Vladimir Babak, Martin Faldyna, Magdalena Crhanova","doi":"10.17221/35/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/35/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using probiotics represents a potential solution to post-weaning diarrheal diseases in piglets on commercial farms. The gastrointestinal tract of wild boars serves as a promising reservoir of novel lactic acid bacteria with suitable probiotic characteristics. In this study, we isolated eight bacterial strains from the intestinal content of wild boars identified as representatives of the species <i>Bifidobacterium apri</i>, <i>Lactobacillus amylovorus</i>, and <i>Ligilactobacillus salivarius</i>. These isolates underwent <i>in vitro</i> analysis and characterisation to assess their biological safety and probiotic properties. Analysis of their full genome sequences revealed the absence of horizontally transferrable genes for antibiotic resistance. However, seven out of eight isolates harboured genes encoding various types of bacteriocins in their genomes, and bacteriocin production was further confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. Most of the tested strains demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of selected pathogenic bacteria, produce exopolysaccharides, and stimulate the expression of interleukin-10 in porcine macrophages. These characteristics deem the isolates characterised in this study as potential candidates for use as probiotics for piglets during the post-weaning period.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":"69 8","pages":"281-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11406499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}