Veterinarni Medicina最新文献

{"title":"Molecular detection and characterisation of <i>Mycoplasma</i> species in community owned dogs of Kerala, a South Indian State.","authors":"Gatchanda Shravan Kumar, Anju Varghese, Prabodh Kumar Hembram, Karapparambu Gopalan Ajith Kumar, Chundayil Kalarickal Deepa, Able Varghese, Reghu Ravindran","doi":"10.17221/116/2023-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/116/2023-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haemotropic mycoplasmas (haemoplasmas) are obligate epierythrocytic bacteria that infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts. The molecular characterisation of <i>Mycoplasma</i> organisms in dogs has not previously been attempted from India. Hence, in the present study, the molecular characterisation of <i>Mycoplasma</i> spp. in dogs of different zones of Kerala was attempted using <i>16S rRNA</i> gene. An overall prevalence of 18% for <i>M. haemocanis</i> was detected. The NCBI-BLAST analysis of all the selected sequences revealed > 99% identity with the sequences of <i>M. haemocanis.</i> The phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering of <i>M. haemocanis</i> and <i>M. haemofelis</i> in a single clade indicating low genetic variability. It was further supported by the genetic distance data and haplotype analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11518042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does a relation between bone histomorphometry and fractures exist? The case of the equine radius and tibia.","authors":"Marco Zedda, Ramona Babosova, Sergio Gadau, Gianluca Lepore, Sara Succu, Vittorio Farina","doi":"10.17221/18/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/18/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fractures of long bones in limbs are rare traumatic events in horses. This study investigates whether the incidence and types of fractures can be related to the histomorphometric features of the radius and tibia, which experience different biomechanical stresses and exhibit varying incidences and types of fractures. Clinical observations suggest that, in adults, slightly transverse and comminuted fractures are present in the radius, while the tibia shows a higher frequency of longitudinal and spiral fractures. Microscopic observations reveal no apparent distinctive characteristics between the radius and tibia, whereas the histomorphometric data highlight differences in the osteon density, eccentricity, and diameters of the osteons and Haversian canals. To sum up, tibial osteons are more numerous and smaller than those in the radius, resulting in a 15% higher total extension of the cement line in the tibia compared to the radius. These histomorphometric differences are an evolutionary adaptation to the different biomechanical stresses that involve the thoracic and pelvic limbs. Our results could help better understand numerous clinical realities detectable through retrospective analyses and aid in evaluating a specific bone's predisposition towards traumatic events in all mammals, including humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11517812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-year study monitoring the cadmium content in the tissues of lambs and sheep sampled in the Czech Republic between 2001 and 2022.","authors":"Zdenka Svobodova, Jiri Drapal, Veronika Vlasakova, Danka Harustiakova, Josef Illek, Martin Svoboda","doi":"10.17221/45/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/45/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium is one of the most important environmental contaminants. Animals grazing on natural pastures are particularly exposed to cadmium. Sheep are mostly reared in extensive and grazing systems. Therefore, sheep may accumulate larger amounts of cadmium compared to other ruminant species and are a good indicator of exposure to cadmium contamination in a given area. The determination of cadmium concentrations in the muscles, livers and kidneys of lambs and sheep was carried out in the Czech Republic during the period 2001-2022. The average cadmium content in the livers and kidneys of all the lambs was 0.037 ± 0.006 and 0.061 ± 0.013 mg.kg^-1, respectively. The average cadmium content in the livers and kidneys of all the sheep was 0.319 ± 0.047 and 1.255 ± 0.204 mg.kg^-1, respectively. The maximum limit for human consumption was not exceeded in any of the 24 samples in the lambs but was exceeded in 5 of 33 liver samples and 12 of 33 kidney samples in the adult sheep. The average value of cadmium in the muscles of the lambs and sheep was 0.004 ± 0.001 mg.kg^-1. The maximum limit for human consumption was not exceeded in any muscle sample. The cadmium content in both the liver and in the kidney differs significantly between the lambs and sheep, being higher in the sheep (<i>P</i> < 0.001 for both comparisons). No statistically significant trend of a decrease in the cadmium content in the lamb and sheep tissues was found during the observed time (<i>P</i> > 0.05). We can sum up that there is an evident need for further monitoring of the cadmium concentration in lamb and sheep tissues in the Czech Republic.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11518113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142550092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Senecio ovatus</i> poisoning in a horse - A case report.","authors":"Andrea Kopecka, Tereza Novotna, Zdenka Svobodova, Zuzana Drabkova","doi":"10.17221/37/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/37/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study describes a case of poisoning by pyrrolizidine alkaloids in a horse. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first confirmed case of <i>Senecio ovatus</i> poisoning. A six-year-old 450-kg Irish cob mare was presented to the Equine Clinic of the University of Veterinary Sciences Brno (Czechia) with symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy, which progressively worsened with time despite intensive therapy and led to euthanasia. A complex diagnostic and therapeutic approach including the post-mortem patoanatomical and histopathological examination is described here. Regarding the histopathology of the liver, there was necrosis with haemorrhage, fatty changes and inflammation. A later inspection of the grazing area revealed the presence of <i>Senecio ovatus</i> (wood ragwort). A sensitive chromatographic method was used to determine the pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their metabolites in the plasma and the liver. In both of the samples, metabolites of pyrrolizidine alkaloids were detected. Although pyrrolizidine alkaloid poisoning was proven, the histopathological findings typical for this disease were absent. It is clear from our case that the histopathology in cases of poisoning by pyrrolizidine alkaloids may not always be conclusive.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11517866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of two methods of measuring the urinary protein concentration for the determination of the urinary protein to creatinine ratio in various animal species.","authors":"Simona Kovarikova, Jana Blahova, Ivana Vanova, Petr Marsalek","doi":"10.17221/30/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/30/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Determination of the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) is an important tool in the quantification of proteinuria in animals. However, the result may be affected by the different methods of determining the urinary protein concentration. The aim of this study was to compare the turbidimetric method using benzethonium chloride and the colorimetric method using pyrogallol red in the measurement of the urinary protein concentration in dogs, cats, guinea pigs and horses. A total of 464, 192, 216 and 119 urine samples from dogs, cats, guinea pigs and horses were examined in the study, respectively. The group consisted of animals of both sexes and different ages, and, in the dogs and cats, it included both healthy animals and those with various health problems. In the group of horses and guinea pigs, only clinically healthy animals were included. A total of 347, 185, 103 and 100 samples from the dogs, cats, guinea pigs and horses were used in the statistical analysis; the other values were excluded as they were below the detection limit. According to the Passing-Bablok analysis, there was a significant constant and proportional difference in the horses. In the dogs, cats and guinea pigs, there was a significant constant difference, but no proportional difference. The Bland-Altman method showed significant bias between the two methods in the horses and cats, but not in the dogs and guinea pigs. In the dogs and cats, the agreement between the two methods was tested and expressed as Cohen's kappa (κ). In the cats, it was almost perfect for the proteinuric samples (κ = 0.823 3) and significant for the non-proteinuric samples (κ = 0.804 9). In the dogs, the agreement was significant for the non-proteinuric samples (κ = 0.621 5) and only moderate for the proteinuric samples (κ = 0.527 5). The influence of the method used to determine the urinary protein concentration should be taken into account when evaluating the UPC. Repeated examinations in one patient should be performed with the same method.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11406498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic bacteria of wild boar origin intended for piglets - An <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Iveta Kostovova, Katerina Kavanova, Monika Moravkova, Jan Gebauer, Lenka Leva, Monika Vicenova, Vladimir Babak, Martin Faldyna, Magdalena Crhanova","doi":"10.17221/35/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/35/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using probiotics represents a potential solution to post-weaning diarrheal diseases in piglets on commercial farms. The gastrointestinal tract of wild boars serves as a promising reservoir of novel lactic acid bacteria with suitable probiotic characteristics. In this study, we isolated eight bacterial strains from the intestinal content of wild boars identified as representatives of the species <i>Bifidobacterium apri</i>, <i>Lactobacillus amylovorus</i>, and <i>Ligilactobacillus salivarius</i>. These isolates underwent <i>in vitro</i> analysis and characterisation to assess their biological safety and probiotic properties. Analysis of their full genome sequences revealed the absence of horizontally transferrable genes for antibiotic resistance. However, seven out of eight isolates harboured genes encoding various types of bacteriocins in their genomes, and bacteriocin production was further confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. Most of the tested strains demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of selected pathogenic bacteria, produce exopolysaccharides, and stimulate the expression of interleukin-10 in porcine macrophages. These characteristics deem the isolates characterised in this study as potential candidates for use as probiotics for piglets during the post-weaning period.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11406499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-surgical pain management for hip joint disease in veterinary medicine.","authors":"Jana Toholova, Slavomir Hornak, Maria Kuricova","doi":"10.17221/19/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/19/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most common orthopaedic developmental disease in dogs is hip dysplasia. This condition results in coxofemoral laxity due to incongruity and lack of stabilisation of the joint by the soft tissues. Currently, there is no therapeutic plan to correct hip dysplasia without surgical intervention at a very early age. The goal of the non-surgical treatment is to relieve pain and stiffness and to increase the muscle strength, usually through hydrotherapy and the beneficial physical properties of water. Recently, there has been growing interest in regenerative medicine, which involves the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their products to alleviate the characteristic clinical symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA). <i>In vivo</i> studies with canine MSCs have shown that an intra-articular injection of MSCs into cartilage lesions leads to the excellent regeneration of the hyaline cartilage. Regenerative medicine has undergone rapid development in recent years thanks to new therapies based on the application and combination of innovative biomaterials. One of the first known regenerative methods to be used in clinical practice was platelet-rich plasma (PRP). This review summarises the use and potential of MSCs and PRP, including their <i>in vitro</i> properties, their therapeutic effects in the treatment of cartilage lesions in preclinical <i>in vivo</i> studies, their clinical efficacy in the treatment of naturally occurring OA in dogs, and the current limitations of the studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11406501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of cannabis for surgical wound healing in rats.","authors":"Gokhan Dogukan Akarsu, Rukiye Hobek Akarsu","doi":"10.17221/21/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/21/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to evaluate the wound-healing activities of a <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. plant extract and cannabidiol on incision wounds. An incision was created and sutured in rats under anaesthesia. Routine wound care procedures were applied for 10 days, followed by histological wound examinations. The cellular bioactivities of the hemp extract and CBD were assessed for MCP-1, EGF, BFGF, IL-8, and COL-1 using ELISA on the rat skin wound healing activity. A one-way ANOVA was used for the data analysis. The EGF values in the plasma were similar in the povidone-iodine, hemp seed oil, and hemp essential oil groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). However, the EGF levels were lower in the CBD group compared to the other groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001, <i>P</i> < 0.005). The MCP-1 values in the hemp seed oil, hemp essential oil, and CBD were similar (<i>P</i> > 0.05), whereas povidone iodine exhibited lower MCP-1 levels compared to the other groups (<i>P <</i> 0.001, <i>P</i> < 0.005). It was determined that the plasma BFGF, IL-8, and COL 1 values of the groups were similar (<i>P</i> > 0.05). To our knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate the effects of CBD, seed oil, and hemp leaf extract on incision wound healing. It demonstrates that hemp extract holds greater potential benefits for wound healing compared to CBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11406500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melanocytic cutaneous lesions in <i>Sus ibericus</i>, are these a cause for meat condemnation?","authors":"Jose Castanho, Jose Catarino, Laurentina Pedroso, Antonieta Alvarado, Sonia Ramos","doi":"10.17221/5/2024-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/5/2024-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Alentejano pig (<i>Sus ibericus</i>) is an autochthonous breed of swine from Portugal phylogenetically close to the Iberian breed that is known to develop melanocytic lesions. In this study, 34 melanocytic skin lesions were identified and collected from Alentejano pigs slaughtered for human consumption for further routine histologic assessment. The samples were classified into 4 age ranges: 1 (1 to 6 months), 2 (7 to 12 months) 3 (13 to 24 months), and 4 (more than 25 months). All the lesions were considered benign after the histopathological assessment, of which 52.9% and 47.1%, were classified as melanosis and melanocytomas, respectively. Regarding the age ranges, a statistical difference between the groups was observed, indicating that the probability of melanosis presentation was higher at the age range 4 and for melanocytomas at the age range 3. While no malignant lesions were observed in this study, it was concluded that benign melanocytic lesions are commonly found in Alentejano pig carcasses. Further research is necessary to accurately distinguish between malignant and benign lesions, which is crucial for official veterinarians to make decisions regarding meat approval or condemnation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11359977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel quantitative real-time PCR with the <i>GAPDH</i> reference gene for peste des petits ruminants.","authors":"Yaling Shi, Diangang Han, Jing Li, Lingling Ye, Xincheng Ji, Fuping Nie, Zhigang Song, Chaolin Chen, Jun Ai, Jige Xin","doi":"10.17221/123/2023-VETMED","DOIUrl":"10.17221/123/2023-VETMED","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a serious acute, highly contagious disease caused by the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). This study aims to establish a qRT-PCR assay with an internal amplification control for the rapid and accurate detection of PPRV. The primers and probes for PPRV N were based on the national standard of the diagnostic techniques for PPR of China, and a pair of primers and <i>Taq</i>Man probes for the internal reference gene of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (<i>GAPDH</i>) was designed. Optimisation of the reaction conditions, specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility tests, and clinical sample detection were conducted. The results showed that the optimal primers and probe concentrations of PPRV were 0.4 μmol/l and 0.4 μmol/l, respectively, and were 0.4 μmol/l and 0.2 μmol/l for the reference gene <i>GAPDH</i>, respectively. The established method has no cross-reaction with other viruses. The minimum detection limit was 6.8 copies/μl for PPRV and 190 copies/μl for <i>GAPDH</i>. The coefficients of variation (CV%) of PPRV and <i>GAPDH</i> were both lower than 2%. The results suggest that the PPRV qRT-PCR method containing internal reference genes has strong specificity, high sensitivity, and good reproducibility. The addition of internal reference genes for the sample quality control improves the accuracy of the detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23532,"journal":{"name":"Veterinarni Medicina","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11359978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}