Veterinary Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Histopathologic scoring system for low-salinity water (freshwater) exposure lesions in bottlenose dolphins (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>).","authors":"Kaylin McNulty, Ruth Y Ewing, Beth Peterman, Jill B Hudnall, Robert W Wills, William I Jumper, Debra Moore, Stephen R Reichley, Mark L Lawrence","doi":"10.1177/03009858261416940","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858261416940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-salinity water exposure (freshwater exposure) is an emerging disease of cetaceans worldwide. The disease, termed \"freshwater skin disease,\" causes gross skin lesions that appear as multifocal to coalescing, irregularly marginated targetoid patches that vary in color from pale gray to yellow to orange to green depending on the involvement of secondary bacterial and/or fungal/algal overgrowth. Histologically, these skin lesions range in severity from hydropic degeneration to widespread necrosis with associated bacterial and/or fungal/algal overgrowth. Currently, there is no histopathologic scoring system for freshwater skin disease lesions in any species. In this study, we created and validated a histopathologic scoring system for freshwater skin disease lesions in common bottlenose dolphins (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) compared with control bottlenose dolphins based on epidermal features, the presence/absence and location of suppurative inflammation, and the presence/absence of organisms. We also identified common histologic artifacts, such as postmortem epidermal changes, saprophytic bacterial overgrowth, vesiculation mimicking fungal organisms, and freshwater disease-associated eosinophilic inclusion-like bodies mimicking poxviral inclusions. In addition, salinity measurements taken from the stranding site were found to correlate with a diagnosis of freshwater skin disease in dolphins.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"704-711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous ovarian epithelial neoplasms in guinea pigs (<i>Cavia porcellus</i>).","authors":"Emily K Swan, Robert A Foster, Michael M Garner, Caitlin M Culligan, Siobhan O'Sullivan, Elise E B LaDouceur","doi":"10.1177/03009858251415314","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251415314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnosis and classification of ovarian epithelial neoplasms in guinea pigs (<i>Cavia porcellus</i>) are challenging due to inconsistent terminology and few available diagnostic criteria. This study evaluated 23 ovarian epithelial neoplasms in 15 guinea pigs with the objectives of (1) differentiating ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) neoplasms from rete ovarii neoplasms using immunohistochemistry, (2) describing salient histologic features, and (3) classifying neoplasms according to canine, human, and rodent classification schemes. PAX-8 immunohistochemistry separated immunoreactive rete neoplasms from nonreactive OSE neoplasms. OSE neoplasms (<i>n</i> = 12) were well-differentiated and arose directly from the ovarian surface, rather than the primarily cortical location of OSE neoplasms in other species. Focal OSE neoplasms with papillary projections on a fibrous core or tubules within a fibrous stroma were classified as surface papilloma and surface adenoma, respectively. Generalized OSE neoplasms with tubules, papillae, and fibrous stroma were classified as surface borderline tumors. Neoplasms with invasion, 2-4 mitotic figures per 2.37 mm², and/or peritoneal implantation were classified as surface carcinoma. The only carcinoma with follow-up had resolution of clinical signs and no radiologic evidence of recurrence 6 months after ovariohysterectomy. Rete neoplasms (<i>n</i> = 11) included rete cystadenomas and rete adenomas, and consisted of epithelial cells arranged in papillae and tubules within a rete tubule, with or without cysts, respectively. Further investigation is needed to correlate diagnoses with neoplasms' biologic behavior. We propose using \"surface\" and \"rete\" in the diagnosis to denote location, rather than \"papillary,\" \"cystic,\" or \"serous,\" which are variably used in other ovarian neoplasia classification schemes, to standardize terminology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"631-641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145990908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Austwickia chelonae</i>-associated cutaneous and plastron lesions in Chinese stripe-necked turtles (<i>Mauremys sinensis</i>).","authors":"Chia-Yu Hsieh, Shang-Ting Wu, Yung-Ling Chang, Ying-Fang Chen, Chun-Ying Lin","doi":"10.1177/03009858261420319","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858261420319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between June 2020 and January 2022, 10 cases of shell rot with unknown etiology were investigated in Chinese stripe-necked turtles (<i>Mauremys sinensis</i>) from aquaculture farms in southern Taiwan. Histology revealed gram-positive filamentous bacteria within the dermis of the limbs and the shell bone, with all cases exhibiting shell ulceration. One unusual case also showed hepatic necrosis, with consistent bacteria isolated from the liver. Full-length <i>16S rRNA</i> gene sequencing of our isolates demonstrated 99.7% similarity to the <i>Austwickia chelonae type</i> strain and complete identity to <i>A. chelonae</i> L16-18, previously isolated from Chinese crocodile lizards. To our knowledge, this represents the first report of natural infection with <i>A. chelonae</i> in <i>M. sinensis</i>. The findings suggest that <i>A. chelonae</i> infections may originate as cutaneous lesions, and in severe cases, the disease can progress to hematogenous spread to internal viscera, such as the liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"722-727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of tumor-associated macrophages in canine soft tissue sarcomas reveals histotype-dependent immune microenvironments and correlations with mitotic count and histological grade.","authors":"Giancarlo Avallone, Elena Brigandì, Antonella Rigillo, Barbara Bacci, Chiara Tugnoli, Paola Roccabianca","doi":"10.1177/03009858251409221","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251409221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tumor-immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression, yet its characterization in veterinary oncology remains limited. Eighty-five soft tissue sarcomas (STSs), comprising fibrosarcomas, leiomyosarcomas, liposarcomas, myxosarcomas, and perivascular wall tumors (PWTs), were immunohistochemically assessed for IBA-1 (total tumor-associated macrophages) and CD204 (M2-like macrophages) expression, scored by image analysis, and correlated with histological parameters. IBA-1 was higher in grade 3 STSs compared with grade 1 (W = 3.40, <i>P</i> = .043) and in PWTs compared with myxosarcomas (W = 6.037, <i>P</i> < .001). CD204 was lower in PWTs compared with fibrosarcomas (W = 5.152, <i>P</i> = .003), leiomyosarcomas (W = 4.394, <i>P</i> = .016), and myxosarcomas (W = 4.812, <i>P</i> = .006). Stratifying by STS type, IBA-1 was higher in grade 2 myxosarcomas compared with grade 1 (Mann U = 4, <i>P</i> = .018). IBA-1 and CD204 were higher in myxosarcomas with necrosis compared with those without (Mann U = 5, <i>P</i> = .026, and Mann U = 0, <i>P</i> = .001, respectively). In PWTs, the mitotic count was higher in cases with higher IBA-1 (Spearman's rho = 0.438, <i>P</i> = .041) and cases with lower CD204 (Spearman's rho = -0.459, <i>P</i> = .035). Considering all STSs, IBA-1 correlated with total tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), T-cells, and regulatory T-cells (Tregs). In fibrosarcomas, IBA-1 and CD204 directly correlated with total TILs, T-cells, and Tregs. In myxosarcomas, CD204 correlated with Tregs. In leiomyosarcomas, IBA-1 scores correlated with Tregs and CD204 with T-cells and Tregs. In PWTs, B-cells correlated with IBA-1 and inversely correlated with CD204. These findings suggest the presence of a TIME favoring anti-tumor immunity in PWTs and a pro-tumoral TIME in myxosarcomas, reinforcing the concept that canine STS histotypes elicit distinct immune responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"578-586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic challenge in veterinary pathology: A large vesicle-containing, membrane-bound structure in the myocardium of a cat with cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Annie L Showers, Sara E Miller, Gregory M Hendricks, Katherine E Lopez, Esther Gisela Martinez-Romero, Amanda J Martinot, Jonathan A Runstadler, John E Rush, Kaitlin Sawatzki, Keith R Reddig, Jonathon J Stone, Lisa M Freeman","doi":"10.1177/03009858261423162","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858261423162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"573-577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147370182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenicity of the novel antigenic variant infectious bursal disease virus B2977CE2C3 isolated in Japan: Histological analysis of experimentally infected chickens.","authors":"Soma Ito, Mari Takahashi, Kazumoto Shibuya, Atsushi Kato, Nobuyuki Tsutsumi, Katsuaki Sugiura","doi":"10.1177/03009858251415335","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251415335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an immunosuppressive disease caused by the IBD virus (IBDV), leading to substantial economic losses in the poultry industry. Recently, a novel antigenic variant IBDV (nvIBDV) has emerged in China and spread across Asia, including Japan. We previously isolated and characterized the nvIBDV strain, B2977CE2C3, by experimentally infecting specific pathogen-free chickens. Herein, we performed histological examinations of systemic organs using tissue samples from the infected chickens. At 3 days post-inoculation (dpi), lymphocyte depletion was observed in the bursa of Fabricius (BF), cecal tonsil, spleen, and thymic cortex. During the acute phase, the BF exhibited marked inflammation and accumulation of cell debris, likely apoptotic remnants. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative image analysis revealed significant B cell depletion in the BF and spleen, persisting for up to 21 dpi. In addition, structural destruction of the BF, including loss of follicles, epithelial infoldings, replacement by epithelial reticular cells, and stromal fibrosis, was observed. IBDV antigens were immunohistochemically detected in the BF and cecal tonsil during early infection. The bone marrow contained lymphoid cell aggregations, suggesting increased lymphopoiesis. These findings indicate that the pathogenicity of nvIBDV is comparable with that of classical IBDV (genogroup A1), although it belongs to genogroup A2. Notably, nvIBDV can induce chronic immunosuppression due to prolonged B cell depletion in the BF and spleen, thereby increasing the susceptibility to secondary infections and interfering with subsequent vaccinations. This study highlights the pathogenic potential of nvIBDV and provides valuable pathological insights for understanding its pathogenesis and evaluating preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"652-663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146166790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical expression of ΔNp63 versus pan-p63 in normal and neoplastic feline tissues.","authors":"Igor R Santos, Carolina B Brunner, Milena C Paz, Gabriela Hartmann, Gabrielle Z Tres, Luciana Sonne, Welden Panziera, David Driemeier, Marcele B Bandinelli, Saulo P Pavarini","doi":"10.1177/03009858251409220","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251409220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ΔNp63 is an isoform of p63 that plays an essential role in the development and growth of some epithelial tissues. In this study, we investigated the expression of ΔNp63 in normal and neoplastic tissues of cats and compared the results with the expression of pan-p63. Immunohistochemistry for ΔNp63 and pan-p63 was performed in normal tissues from 2 adult cats and in 10 cases each of 22 different types of feline neoplasms. In normal tissues, there was nuclear ΔNp63 immunolabeling in basal cells of stratified squamous, transitional, and pseudostratified columnar epithelia; basal cells of sebaceous glands; trophoblasts; and myoepithelial cells. Of the neoplasms, 10/10 apocrine ductal adenomas, 10/10 mammary ductal carcinomas, 10/10 pulmonary adenosquamous carcinomas, 10/10 squamous cell carcinomas, 10/10 trichoblastomas, and 10/10 urothelial carcinomas immunolabeled for ΔNp63. The ΔNp63 immunolabeling was diffuse in almost all neoplastic cells with squamous, basal, and urothelial origins. In the neoplasms with ductal differentiation, only the neoplastic suprabasal myoepithelial cells immunolabeled. Application of pan-p63 to the same set of neoplasms revealed positivity not only in the same neoplasms, but also in several unexpected tumor types (3/10 exocrine pancreatic carcinomas, 3/10 fibrosarcomas, 3/10 pulmonary adenocarcinomas, 2/10 lymphomas, 1/10 cholangiocarcinomas, 1/10 hemangiosarcomas, 1/10 mast cell tumors, and 1/10 meningiomas). Both ΔNp63 and pan-p63 antibodies demonstrated 100% diagnostic sensitivity and negative predictive value for diagnosing feline neoplasms with squamous, basal, and urothelial epithelia or myoepithelial cells. However, ΔNp63 showed higher diagnostic specificity (100% vs. 90.6%), positive predictive value (100% vs. 80%), and overall accuracy (100% vs. 93.1%) compared with pan-p63.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"604-613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13254158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of iris biopsies for the assessment of iris pigment changes and diffuse iris melanoma (DIM) in cats: A descriptive histopathological study.","authors":"Sabine Beetz, Robert Klopfleisch, Carolina Naranjo, Emma Scurrell, Judith Bushe, Annika Lehmbecker, Gerhard Loesenbeck, Sophie E Merz, Hannah Pischon, Ingo Spitzbarth, Birgit Müller, Katharina Thieme, Sixta Wellen, J Corinna Eule","doi":"10.1177/03009858251403170","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251403170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline diffuse iris melanoma (FDIM) is a common ocular neoplasm, typically affecting older cats, characterized by progressive hyperpigmentation and potential malignancy. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of iris biopsies in distinguishing FDIM from benign iris melanosis. Seventeen cases with suspected FDIM were analyzed through ex vivo iris biopsies and corresponding enucleated globes. Histological evaluation by 8 pathologists revealed an average concordance of 81.6% between biopsy and globe diagnoses. The reliability of biopsy samples was influenced by tissue quality, with 12/136 slides deemed non-diagnostic due to artifacts or insufficient tissue. While biopsy retrieval offers a less invasive alternative to enucleation, its effectiveness is limited by technical factors, including tissue handling and sampling techniques. The results suggest that iris biopsies can be valuable for diagnosing advanced FDIM but require skilled execution. Further studies should explore early-stage FDIM and melanosis to better assess the diagnostic potential of biopsies across various disease stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"642-651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13254134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145864840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of confocal laser microscopy and its feasibility in routine diagnosis of surgical biopsy specimens.","authors":"Yea Ji Jeong, Gabrielle S Fontes, Laura E Selmic, Christopher Premanandan","doi":"10.1177/03009858261423164","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858261423164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Handheld confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) enables an instantaneous assessment of the cellular morphology of different tumor types and margin assessment ex vivo. Here, we describe the correlation between CLE images and histology and the feasibility of incorporating this technology in assessing surgical biopsy specimens. A CLE microscope (Optiscan, View<i>n</i>Vivo) acquired high-definition confocal images of surgical biopsy cases and a single autopsy case (15 canine, 1 feline, and 1 equine cases). Following minimal training on the imaging modality, 14 participants (6 anatomic pathologists and 8 anatomic pathology residents) were asked to assess 17 cases with and without signalment and clinical history. The CLE captured detailed cellular morphology and tissue microarchitecture in various surgical biopsy and select autopsy specimens. Averaging the diagnostic accuracy with and without clinical history, study participants were able to distinguish abnormal tissue in 15/17 cases, neoplasia from inflammation in 12/17 cases, and the cellular morphology of neoplasia in 8/13 cases. Across all questionnaires, there was a statistically significant improvement in the diagnostic accuracy when clinical history was provided (<i>P</i>-value: 3.07E-07 to .005, paired <i>t</i>-test). CLE enables the capture of the high-resolution microarchitecture of tissue and can be readily correlated to histology images. We demonstrated that with little training, anatomic pathologists could evaluate surgical biopsy specimens that can provide a rapid preliminary diagnosis and margin assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"686-697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147285284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image challenge in <i>veterinary pathology</i>.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/03009858261428500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858261428500","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":"63 4","pages":"571-572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}