Veterinary Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Impaired maturation and differentiation of oligodendrocytes in the vacuole formation myelin mutant rat.","authors":"Miyuu Tanaka, Chiaki Morita, Takeshi Izawa, Jyoji Yamate, Robin J M Franklin, Takashi Kuramoto, Tadao Serikawa, Mitsuru Kuwamura","doi":"10.1177/03009858251379486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251379486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The vacuole formation (VF) rat is an autosomal recessive myelin mutant characterized by generalized tremor, hypomyelination, and periaxonal VF of the central nervous system. We previously identified a nonsense mutation in the <i>DOP1 leucine zipper-like protein A</i> (<i>Dop1a</i>, also known as <i>Dopey1</i>) gene located on rat chromosome 8. In this study, we investigated the kinetics of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes by assessing the expression patterns of transcription factors that are involved in oligodendrocyte development. The number of small, round oligodendrocytes lacking distinct cellular processes, immunolabeled with anti-adenomatous polyposis coli (APC, clone CC1) antibody, was increased in the spinal cords of the VF rats, suggesting a disrupted maturation of oligodendrocytes. In addition, the terminal differentiation and maturation of OPCs into myelinating mature oligodendrocytes may be impaired and compensatory myelination largely could fail in the VF rat. Our findings also demonstrated that the DOP1A protein is expressed in OPCs as well as mature oligodendrocytes. Finally, the intracellular trafficking of <i>myelin basic protein</i> (<i>Mbp</i>) mRNAs may be disrupted in oligodendrocytes of the VF rats. Our data suggested that DOP1A dysfunction causes impaired differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte-lineage cells, resulting in hypomyelination and an impaired compensatory myelination.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251379486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysfunctional <i>CRPPA</i> is responsible for recessively inherited Hereford hydrocephalus with muscular dystrophy and retinal dysplasia.","authors":"Renae L Schroeder, Anna M Fuller, Rachel R Reith, Patrick S Bedwell, Jack A Ward, Stacy K Sanders, Ninaad Lasrado, Jessica L Petersen, David J Steffen","doi":"10.1177/03009858251382477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251382477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrocephalus was first reported in Hereford cattle over 65 years ago; although no cause was identified in prior reports, it was suspected to be genetic. Advancements in reproductive technology and genomics have allowed for a determinative investigation of recent cases. Clinical and genomic data from 2 natural cases were followed by in vitro mating of a mother-son pair, each of which previously produced affected calves. Embryo transfer resulted in 7 calves, one of which had hydrocephalus, retinal dysplasia, and muscular dystrophy. Whole-genome sequencing of 2 affected calves, their sire, dams, and one related individual was supplemented with data from additional Hereford/Hereford cross cattle. Analyses identified a splice site variant in <i>CRPPA</i> (CDP-L-ribitol pyrophosphorylase A or <i>ISPD</i>) for which the affected calves were homozygous. This variant was not found in the homozygous state in any other individuals genotyped, in sequence data provided by the breed association, or in a public database query. The splice site mutation resulted in retention of intron 7, encompassing a stop codon predicted to truncate the protein. The transcript was expressed in the affected calf and the protein was detected in several tissues. Although translated into protein, immunohistochemistry demonstrated a lack of normal glycosylation of α-dystroglycan in the affected calf, which is necessary for a variety of processes including sarcolemma stability and neuronal migration. This phenotype is like Walker-Warburg syndrome in humans, some cases of which are attributed to mutations in <i>CRPPA</i>. This advancement allows for testing to eliminate carriers and potential for affected calves.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251382477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-toxic acid-free glyoxal fixative for veterinary gross specimen preservation, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analysis.","authors":"Valentina Zappulli, Valentina Moccia, Filippo Torrigiani, Antonella Molinari, Paolo Detillo, Cecilia Gola, Lucia Minoli, Emanuela M Morello, Erica I Ferraris, Antonella Rigillo, Federico Caicci, Giulia Dalla Rovere, Davide De Biase, Lorenzo Riccio, Marco Rondena, Selina Iussich, Benedetta Bussolati","doi":"10.1177/03009858251372572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251372572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Formaldehyde-based fixation is the most used chemical system for histopathological examination worldwide. However, its toxicity is well known, and preservation of gross features, proteins, and nucleic acids is not optimal. Alternative fixatives resulting in similar morphological tissue quality and costs, but with reduced toxicity and with better preservation of gross features, proteins, and nucleic acids would increase operator safety and application possibilities in pathology. This multi-institutional study aimed to compare the morphological, histochemical, immunohistochemical (IHC), and molecular outcomes of fixation with a newly patented, non-toxic, acid-free glyoxal (GAF) fixative with neutral-buffered formalin (NBF). Fifty-nine tissue biopsies and 21 necropsies of different animal species were analyzed. Gross features were preserved after GAF fixation, with no tissue hardening or discoloration. Cellular ultrastructure was better preserved with GAF. Histology, histochemistry, and <i>in situ</i> hybridization results from GAF-fixed samples were mainly equal when compared to NBF-fixed samples, except for the loss of mast cell granules in GAF-fixed samples compared to NBF. IHC analyses showed comparable results with slight and rare protocol adjustment. DNA yields were higher and amplification of selected genes (ie, <i>TP53</i> and <i>COX1</i>) was more efficient in GAF-fixed biopsies (<i>P</i> < .05). DNA and RNA yields were higher also in necropsy GAF-fixed tissues, but no difference was detected for selected gene amplification (ie, <i>COX1, GAPDH, β-actin</i>). Based on these data, despite not yet being economically competitive, GAF could represent a valuable alternative to NBF for standard laboratory applications, while also improving on-field sampling and teaching applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251372572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence predicts <i>c-KIT</i> exon 11 genotype by phenotype in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: Can human observers learn it?","authors":"Chloé Puget, Jonathan Ganz, Christof A Bertram, Thomas Conrad, Malte Baeblich, Anne Voss, Katharina Landmann, Alexander F H Haake, Andreas Spree, Svenja Hartung, Leonore Aeschlimann, Sara Soto, Simone de Brot, Martina Dettwiler, Heike Aupperle-Lellbach, Pompei Bolfa, Alexander Bartel, Matti Kiupel, Katharina Breininger, Marc Aubreville, Robert Klopfleisch","doi":"10.1177/03009858251380284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251380284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs) are frequent neoplasms with variable biological behaviors. Internal tandem duplication mutations in <i>c-KIT</i> exon 11 (<i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD) are associated with poor prognosis but predict therapeutic response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In a previous work, deep learning algorithms managed to predict the presence of <i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD on digitalized hematoxylin and eosin-stained histological slides (whole-slide images, WSIs) in up to 87% of cases, suggesting the existence of morphological features characterizing ccMCTs carrying <i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD. This 3-stage blinded study aimed to identify morphological features indicative of <i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD and to evaluate the ability of human observers to learn this task. 17 untrained pathologists first classified 8 WSIs and 200 image patches (highly relevant for algorithmic classification) of ccMCTs as either positive or negative for <i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD. Second, they self-trained to recognize <i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD by looking at the same WSIs and patches correctly sorted. Third, pathologists classified 15 new WSIs and 200 new patches according to <i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD status. In addition, participants reported microscopic features they considered relevant for their decision. Without training, participants correctly classified the <i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD status of 63%-88% of WSIs and 43%-55% of patches. With self-training, 25%-38% of WSIs and 55%-56% of patches were correctly classified. High cellular pleomorphism, anisokaryosis, and sparse cytoplasmic granulation were commonly suggested as features associated with <i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD-positive ccMCTs, none of which showed reliable predictivity in a follow-up study. The results indicate that transfer of algorithmic skills to the human observer is difficult. A <i>c-KIT</i>-11-ITD-specific morphological feature remains to be extracted from the artificial intelligence model.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251380284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathologic and ultrastructural features of the choriocapillaris in dogs with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome and progressive retinal atrophy.","authors":"Jennifer L Heyward, Richard R Dubielzig, Cameron Ray, Leandro B C Teixeira, Freya M Mowat","doi":"10.1177/03009858251367410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251367410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dogs with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) have rapid onset visual dysfunction and subsequent outer retinal atrophy. The pathophysiology of SARDS is poorly understood. This study's objective was to examine the histologic features of choriocapillaris perfusion and Bruch's membrane morphology in eyes from dogs with SARDS. Archived, paraffin-embedded, sagittal eye sections of dogs with SARDS (<i>n</i> = 12), age/breed-matched healthy control dogs (<i>n</i> = 24), and age-matched dogs with progressive retinal atrophy (PRA, <i>n</i> = 12) were evaluated. Choriocapillaris density and patency were estimated using light microscopy and immunofluorescence to quantify patent vessels containing luminal erythrocytes and nonpatent vessels with empty lumens. The outer nuclear layer (ONL) nuclei density was quantified to determine the extent of atrophy. The thickness of Bruch's membrane was measured from transmission electron microscopy images (<i>n</i> = 5 SARDS, 5 PRA, 6 controls). Statistical analyses were performed using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Spearman rank correlation. Both SARDS and PRA samples had lower patent vessel densities compared with controls (<i>P</i> = .006 and .04, respectively). ONL nuclei density and choriocapillaris vessel density were associated in samples from dogs with PRA (<i>r</i> = 0.94-1.00, <i>P</i> < .05), but not SARDS (<i>r</i> = 0.14-0.66, <i>P</i> > .05). Eyes with SARDS had thicker Bruch's membrane than controls and dogs with PRA (<i>P</i> < .0001). Outer retinal disorders in dogs, including SARDS and PRA, are associated with alterations in choriocapillaris characteristics and Bruch's membrane thickness. Whether these findings are causative or correlative with disease is unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251367410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granulomatous arteritis/aortitis associated with <i>Mycobacterium genavense</i> in a colony of zebra finches (<i>Taeniopygia guttata</i>).","authors":"Rachel R Howie, Nicholas M Tataryn, Katherine A Shuster, Katherine N Gibson-Corley, Agustín Rebollada-Merino, Elena A Demeter, Tzushan S Yang","doi":"10.1177/03009858251372573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251372573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mycobacterium genavense</i> is a common cause of mycobacteriosis in passerine birds. In a research colony of zebra finches (<i>Taeniopygia guttata</i>), 8 birds were diagnosed with mycobacteriosis. The finches had granulomatous inflammation of the heart and heart-base, most with medial expansion of the great vessels containing foamy macrophages and acid-fast bacilli. Non-cardiac inflammatory lesions associated with acid-fast bacteria were found in 2 birds, and extracardiac bacteria were often in lower quantities. Pan-mycobacterial <i>in situ</i> hybridization detected periaortic bacteria in one bird with similar cardiac lesions that was negative for bacteria via acid-fast staining. <i>Mycobacterium</i> genus PCR and sequencing of pooled fecal samples confirmed the presence of <i>M. genavense</i> within the colony. Heart and great vessel lesions have not been previously recognized as a site of localized infection in passerines. To facilitate diagnosis of mycobacteriosis in zebra finches, routine necropsies should include microscopic examination of the heart base great vessels.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251372573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145138712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous mast cell tumors in California sea lions (<i>Zalophus californianus</i>).","authors":"Bryce M Miller, Nicole I Stacy, Marley Iredale, Judith Kovach-Zukin, Elise LaDouceur, Kathleen Colegrove, Brittany McHale, Grace White, Bethany Doescher, Carolina R Le-Bert, Robert J Ossiboff","doi":"10.1177/03009858251374690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251374690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seven cutaneous mast cell tumors were identified in 6 geriatric California sea lions (<i>Zalophus californianus</i>). All tumors were within the dermis and grossly appeared as single, or in one case two, less than 1-cm-diameter, well-circumscribed, raised nodules. The majority (6/7) of the neoplasms occurred near mucocutaneous junctions (eyelid, lip, or anus). The mast cell tumors were composed of round cells arranged in sheets with poorly granulated cytoplasm or an absence of cytoplasmic granules in routine hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Cytology (<i>n</i> = 1) showed adequate staining of mast cell granules with Diff-Quik and Wright-Giemsa stains. Immunohistochemistry for cKIT revealed cytoplasmic to membranous immunoreactivity in all tumors. Giemsa staining for metachromatic granules was inconsistent. No local recurrence or metastasis has been observed in the 5 living individuals with follow-up periods ranging from 6 to 42 months. Given these findings, similar poorly granulated mast cell tumors in geriatric California sea lions are suspected to have biologically benign behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251374690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Clostridium cuniculi</i> is associated with chronic high-morbidity low-mortality diarrhea in NSG and NSG-related mouse strains.","authors":"Kerriann M Casey, Rina Barouch-Bentov, Wencke Reineking, Flavio H Alonso, Roberta Moorhead, Minoo Fazel, Anibal G Armien, Francisco A Uzal, Rachael B Chanin, Ami S Bhatt, Sherril L Green, Stephen A Felt, Claude M Nagamine","doi":"10.1177/03009858251372565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251372565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In October 2020, adult male and female NSG (NOD. Cg-<i>Prkdc</i>^<i>scid</i> <i>Il2rg</i>^{<i>tm1Wjl</i>}/Sz) mice were reported for diarrhea within a mouse barrier facility. Other immunodeficient strains harboring the SCID (<i>Prkdc</i>^<i>scid</i>) or <i>Rag</i> (<i>Rag</i>^<i>null</i>) mutations together with the <i>IL2rg</i> (<i>Il2rg</i>^<i>null</i>) mutation were affected. At its peak, over 20 laboratories in 10/16 (62.5%) barrier rooms were affected. Mortality was rare except in lactating females (≥ P11). Grossly, nonlactating adult female and male mice (n = 16) had mild to moderate, small and large intestinal distension with corresponding individual cell death and sloughing of superficial enterocytes in the cecocolonic mucosa. Lactating NSG dams (n=6) had moderate to severe gastrointestinal distension and/or segmental, dark red to gray, small intestinal discoloration. In addition to the same histologic lesions seen in nonlactating female NSG mice, lactating NSG dams often had severe ulcerative inflammation affecting the jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon. Traditional ancillary diagnostic tests including aerobic and anaerobic cultures (blood, liver, spleen, and intestines), fecal PCR, and fecal floatation failed to yield a causative organism. Further cohousing and oral gavage studies determined neither immunocompetent CD1 (Crl:CD1 [ICR]) mice nor immunodeficient NOD scid (NOD.Cg-<i>Prkdc</i>^<i>scid</i>/J) and <i>Rag2</i> KO (C57BL/6. Cg-<i>Rag2</i>^{<i>tm1.1Cgn</i>}/J) mice were susceptible to clinical disease. Extensive control barriers were implemented including a veterinary-managed NSG breeding barrier, alterations in husbandry practices, and strategic environmental disinfection, allowing for continuity of experimental studies while avoiding widespread depopulation of the barrier. Subsequent strain-resolved metagenomics and qPCR assay development identified <i>Clostridium cuniculi</i> and its enterotoxin exclusively within diarrheic mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251372565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ulcerative dermatitis consistent with thraustochytrid infection in 3 captive north pacific big eye octopuses (<i>Octopus californicus</i>).","authors":"Sarah B Sulkosky, Ri K Chang, Cristina Robles-Beilby, Mike Murray, Megan Olhasso, Elise E B LaDouceur","doi":"10.1177/03009858251372563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251372563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulcerative dermatitis is common in captive cephalopods and often results from trauma to their delicate epidermis with subsequent infection by opportunistic pathogens. We report 3 cases of fatal ulcerative dermatitis caused by a rare pathogen in a cohort of captive, adult, north Pacific big eye octopuses (<i>Octopus californicus</i>). Abundant, 5 to 8 µm diameter, roughly spherical organisms, often located in pairs or clusters, were infiltrating the ulcers in all 3 cases. Ultrastructurally, the organisms possessed multilamellated to scaley cell walls and were surrounded by empty, irregularly ovoid, 1 μm diameter, membrane-bound structures consistent with an ectoplasmic net. These features are consistent with thraustochytrid, a marine saprophyte. Previous reports of pathogenic thraustochytrid infections in cephalopods are rare, suggesting this is an uncommon albeit serious infection in captive cephalopod populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251372563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of miRNAs in primary canine appendicular osteosarcoma tissue and pulmonary metastases.","authors":"Latasha Ludwig, Heather Treleaven, Roger Moorehead, Robert A Foster, R Ayesha Ali, R Darren Wood, Geoffrey A Wood","doi":"10.1177/03009858251356603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251356603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) is a highly metastatic tumor in dogs. Mortality due to metastatic disease is common and frequently occurs within 1 year of diagnosis despite standard-of-care treatment. Treatment includes amputation for palliation and chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Current histologic grading schemes and biomarkers are poor at predicting clinical outcome. Novel prognostic and therapeutic markers are required to improve patient care. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules expressed by all cells and released into bodily fluids. Studies in human and canine OSA cell lines, tissues from the primary site, and blood have demonstrated the role of miRNAs in metastatic progression of OSA and its prognostication. We sought to investigate the miRNA profile of primary OSA tissue and compare it to pulmonary metastases and normal lung tissue by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Multiple miRNA and multiple variable models were investigated in primary OSA tissue to predict clinical outcome. Thirteen miRNAs had similar expression between primary and metastatic OSA but were different from normal lung tissue. MiR-9-5p, miR-196a-5p, and miR-196b were expressed in metastatic OSA but lacked expression in almost all normal lung samples. In multiple variable models for overall survival and disease-free interval, only miRNAs were selected as significant variables. This study found miRNAs that are nearly exclusively expressed in metastatic pulmonary OSA and could serve as novel therapeutic targets. MiRNAs were also found to be important prognostic biomarkers in tissue and improved prognostic ability as miRNA signatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251356603"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}