Veterinary Pathology最新文献_第2页

Review of porcine circovirus 3-associated lesions in swine: Challenges and advances in diagnostics. 猪圆环病毒3型相关病变的综述：诊断的挑战和进展。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251347522

Àlex Cobos, Marina Sibila, Joaquim Segalés

{"title":"Review of porcine circovirus 3-associated lesions in swine: Challenges and advances in diagnostics.","authors":"Àlex Cobos, Marina Sibila, Joaquim Segalés","doi":"10.1177/03009858251347522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251347522","url":null,"abstract":"Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is a recently identified pathogen in swine populations. It is considered a ubiquitous virus and is frequently associated with subclinical infections throughout various stages of production. PCV3 is detectable in diverse tissues, blood, and secretions, indicating systemic dissemination and potential for both vertical and horizontal transmission. PCV3 has been implicated in reproductive and postnatal diseases collectively named as PCV3-associated diseases (PCV3-AD). Clinically, PCV3-AD encompasses reproductive disorders such as mummified fetuses, stillbirths, and weak neonates, alongside postnatal manifestations including anorexia, weight loss, and progressive wasting. Histopathologically, PCV3-AD is primarily defined by systemic nonsuppurative periarteritis and arteritis that are observed across multiple tissues, particularly within the heart, mesenteric arterial plexus, and kidneys. Despite the broad tissue tropism and frequent detection of viral nucleic acids within affected vascular and parenchymal structures, the precise mechanisms underpinning PCV3 pathogenesis remain poorly understood. Diagnosis of PCV3-AD relies on the confluence of characteristic clinical signs, compatible histopathological findings, and the in situ detection of the virus within lesions. However, the true prevalence of PCV3-AD under field conditions is likely underestimated due to the limited availability and high costs associated with laboratory techniques for definitive viral detection. This review seeks to consolidate and interpret clinical and pathological evidence indicative of PCV3-AD while addressing the critical diagnostic challenges faced by veterinary pathologists. Enhanced understanding of the disease's clinical-pathological correlations and diagnostic approaches is essential to accurately assess its impact on swine health and production.","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251347522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical and histological characterization of 19 chondro-osseous respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas and 2 respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas in dogs. 犬19例软骨骨性呼吸上皮腺瘤样错构瘤和2例呼吸上皮腺瘤样错构瘤的临床和组织学特征

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251346221

Ashley Forster, David Holt, Amy C Durham

{"title":"Clinical and histological characterization of 19 chondro-osseous respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas and 2 respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas in dogs.","authors":"Ashley Forster, David Holt, Amy C Durham","doi":"10.1177/03009858251346221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251346221","url":null,"abstract":"Nasal biopsies from 21 dogs diagnosed with chondro-osseous respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas or respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas were reviewed. Associated lesions included angiomatous tissue (4/21), seromucinous gland proliferation (2/21), and polyps (3/21), and all had chronic inflammation. Dogs had epistaxis (14/21), sneezing (9/21), decreased airflow (8/21), congestion (6/21), and discharge (5/21). In addition to a mass lesion, computed tomography findings (n = 19) included turbinate lysis (10/19), cribriform plate and orbit erosion (4/19), and contralateral extension (8/19). In 16 dogs with outcome data collected 0-49 months after diagnosis, 13 had continued respiratory symptoms, 11 of which received medical management; 2 of the 3 dogs with improvement had radiotherapy/radiofrequency procedures after biopsy. Eight dogs were alive, 5 were euthanized due to the hamartoma (median survival 9.3 months), 2 died from unknown causes, and 1 died from a seizure. Nasal hamartomas are often locally destructive mass lesions that cause recurrent upper respiratory symptoms and may require more aggressive therapeutic interventions for disease control. Diagnosing nasal hamartomas requires integrating the clinical history, imaging results, adequate biopsy sampling of the mass, and the presence of characteristic histologic features.","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251346221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Standardization of tissue handling in veterinary pathology: How fixation affects morphological and molecular examination results. 兽医病理学组织处理的标准化：固定如何影响形态学和分子检查结果。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251349126

James K Chambers, Kenichi Watanabe, Masaki Michishita, Hitoshi Hatai, Yusuke Tanaka, So Doge, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Shizuka Kato, Yuko Goto-Koshino, Miyuu Tanaka, Takeshi Izawa

{"title":"Standardization of tissue handling in veterinary pathology: How fixation affects morphological and molecular examination results.","authors":"James K Chambers, Kenichi Watanabe, Masaki Michishita, Hitoshi Hatai, Yusuke Tanaka, So Doge, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Shizuka Kato, Yuko Goto-Koshino, Miyuu Tanaka, Takeshi Izawa","doi":"10.1177/03009858251349126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251349126","url":null,"abstract":"Variables in the fixation and processing of histological specimens and storage of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues affect the outcomes of morphological and molecular examinations. The present study investigated the influence of unbuffered formalin fixation and prolonged fixation on histomorphology, immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and DNA quality in FFPE tissues, which are essential issues in veterinary diagnostic pathology. Fixation of tissues with 10% unbuffered formalin resulted in increased intercellular spaces and decreased color contrast in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, attenuated Ki-67 immunolabeling, advanced DNA fragmentation, and lower PCR amplification efficiency compared with 10% neutral-buffered formalin. Prolonged fixation resulted in attenuated immunolabeling for multiple antigens, advanced DNA fragmentation, and lower PCR amplification efficiency. Preserving formalin-fixed tissue in 70% ethanol prevented loss of immunolabeling by prolonged fixation. Regarding storing FFPE tissues, coating FFPE blocks with paraffin prevented chronological DNA fragmentation. Based on the results obtained in this study and previous publications, the authors propose a standard preanalytic tissue handling guideline for histology and molecular examinations using FFPE tissues in veterinary medicine. In particular, fixation with 10% neutral-buffered formalin within 72 hours is recommended to obtain high-quality FFPE samples widely applicable for precision molecular diagnostics in routine veterinary histological examinations.","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251349126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morbidity and mortality of Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus) and North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) in US zoos and aquaria from 2000 to 2020: A survey of lesions in 2 popular otter species. 2000 - 2020年美国动物园和水族馆亚洲小爪水獭（Aonyx cinereus）和北美河獭（Lontra canadensis）发病率和死亡率：对两种常见水獭病变的调查。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251345828

Alison L Righton, Hali T Jungers, Alexandria J Mena, Nancy L Stedman, Judy St Leger, Jennifer N Langan, Kimberly L Rainwater, Neel Aziz, Martha A Delaney

{"title":"Morbidity and mortality of Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus) and North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) in US zoos and aquaria from 2000 to 2020: A survey of lesions in 2 popular otter species.","authors":"Alison L Righton, Hali T Jungers, Alexandria J Mena, Nancy L Stedman, Judy St Leger, Jennifer N Langan, Kimberly L Rainwater, Neel Aziz, Martha A Delaney","doi":"10.1177/03009858251345828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251345828","url":null,"abstract":"Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus, ASCOs) and North American river otters (Lontra canadensis, NAROs) are commonly housed at zoos and aquaria in the United States. The few reports of diseases in these species have mainly focused on free-ranging populations and do not represent otters in managed care. Necropsy reports from 93 individuals, 71 ASCO and 22 NARO, that died or were euthanized between 2000 and 2020 from 10 separate institutions were evaluated, including 47 females, 45 males, and 1 unreported sex. All otters with known ages ranged between 2 months and 21 years of age (median = 14 years). Otters were further divided into age classes according to known lifespan. ASCO age classes were juvenile (4; 6%), adult (26; 37%), older adult (9; 13%), and geriatric (32; 45%). NARO age classes were juveniles (0; 0%), adult (5; 23%), older adult (5; 23%), and geriatric (12; 55%). Common causes of death or euthanasia in both species included malignant neoplasia (29), chronic renal disease and/or urolithiasis (27), degenerative joint disease (13), and cardiovascular disease (10). Severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused mortality in 9 (13%) ASCOs. Common morbidities or comorbidities included periodontal disease (30) and degenerative joint disease (21). Consistent health and disease surveillance of these otter species in managed care will further elucidate mechanisms of disease, aid in the development of preventative and therapeutic strategies, and continue optimizing standards of care.","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251345828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nasal histological findings in asymptomatic control dogs and in dogs with chronic inflammatory rhinitis. 无症状对照犬和慢性炎症性鼻炎犬的鼻腔组织学发现。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251349138

Henriikka Neittaanmäki, Hanna-Maaria Javela, Essi Kuningas, Katja Koskinen, Anni Tilamaa, Minna Rajamäki, Sanna Viitanen, Niina Airas

{"title":"Nasal histological findings in asymptomatic control dogs and in dogs with chronic inflammatory rhinitis.","authors":"Henriikka Neittaanmäki, Hanna-Maaria Javela, Essi Kuningas, Katja Koskinen, Anni Tilamaa, Minna Rajamäki, Sanna Viitanen, Niina Airas","doi":"10.1177/03009858251349138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251349138","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic inflammatory rhinitis (CIR) is among the most common causes of chronic nasal signs in dogs. Despite research efforts, the etiology of CIR remains mostly undiscovered. The aim of our study was to describe the histological findings in nasal biopsies of control dogs without signs of nasal disease compared to dogs with CIR. The study groups were control dogs euthanized for reasons unrelated to this study (n = 20) and previously collected, archived nasal biopsies from dogs diagnosed with CIR (n = 20). A CIR diagnosis was based on clinical presentation, computed tomography, rhinoscopy, and histopathological findings indicative of CIR. Inflammatory cell counts and changes in the mucosal epithelium and associated lamina propria were evaluated from nasal biopsy specimens. The numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells (P < .0001), neutrophils (P < .0001), and eosinophils (P = .0016) in the lamina propria, and mucosal intraepithelial leukocytes (P < .0001) were significantly higher in dogs with CIR compared to control dogs. A small population of leukocytes was also observed in control dogs, likely representing a physiological immune cell population. The type of inflammation in CIR is not purely lymphoplasmacytic, as both neutrophils and eosinophils were also detected in CIR dogs. The mucosal epithelium was thicker (P = .006), and visible goblet cells (P < .001) were decreased, in dogs with CIR, with a multifocal loss of cilia in some dogs, which may represent a form of respiratory epithelial metaplasia. Epithelial alterations likely play a role in the pathophysiology of CIR and contribute to the clinical signs.","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251349138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Letter to the Editor: Empowering pathologists with a tool to report pathology errors in publications. 给编辑的信：赋予病理学家报告出版物中病理错误的工具。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251349110

Alexandra Frankovich, Craig Miller, Kirstin Barnhart, Balasubramanian Manickam, Vimala Vemireddi, Shannon Wallace, Abigail Cox

引用次数: 0

Spontaneous histiocytic sarcoma with peritoneal dissemination in a Damaraland mole-rat (Fukomys damarensis): The first spontaneous tumor in this species. Damaraland鼹鼠自发性组织细胞肉瘤伴腹膜播散：该物种的第一个自发性肿瘤。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251349124

Yusuke Sakai, Koki Sekiguchi, Yusuke Suzuki, Mika Kobe, Kaori Oka, Masanori Yamakawa, Yoshimi Kawamura, Rochelle Buffenstein, Kyoko Miura

{"title":"Spontaneous histiocytic sarcoma with peritoneal dissemination in a Damaraland mole-rat (Fukomys damarensis): The first spontaneous tumor in this species.","authors":"Yusuke Sakai, Koki Sekiguchi, Yusuke Suzuki, Mika Kobe, Kaori Oka, Masanori Yamakawa, Yoshimi Kawamura, Rochelle Buffenstein, Kyoko Miura","doi":"10.1177/03009858251349124","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251349124","url":null,"abstract":"An 11-year-old, Damaraland mole-rat queen died after several months of abdominal distension with no other clinical signs, and a necropsy was performed. Grossly, numerous red-white, smooth masses, ranging from a few millimeters to 1 cm in diameter, were widely scattered across the surfaces of the diaphragm, mesentery, and peritoneum. The pulmonary hilar, mediastinal, mesenteric, and renal lymph nodes were enlarged. Histologically, the masses and the enlarged lymph nodes consisted of atypical cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large, eccentrically positioned nuclei. Multinucleated giant cells were often intermixed with these cells. Based on the positive immunolabeling of macrophage markers IBA1 and CD163, the lack of detectable pathogens, and the prominent dissemination of these cells, these lesions were diagnosed as histiocytic sarcoma. This is the first case of histiocytic sarcoma and the first case of a spontaneous tumor in a Damaraland mole-rat, a burgeoning non-traditional animal model of longevity and purported cancer resistance.","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251349124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hamartomas of the alimentary tract in dogs: A case series. 犬的消化道错构瘤：一个病例系列。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251345829

Silvia Ferro, Giorgia Mezzalira, Ginevra Brocca

引用次数: 0

Pulmonary lesions associated with the presence of adiaspores apparently produced by a novel Emmonsiellopsis genotype in wombats. 肺部病变与硬脂孔的存在相关，这显然是由袋熊的一种新的Emmonsiellopsis基因型产生的。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251347525

Alexandra Berry, David Phalen, Karrie Rose, Jane Hall, Marina Gimeno

{"title":"Pulmonary lesions associated with the presence of adiaspores apparently produced by a novel Emmonsiellopsis genotype in wombats.","authors":"Alexandra Berry, David Phalen, Karrie Rose, Jane Hall, Marina Gimeno","doi":"10.1177/03009858251347525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251347525","url":null,"abstract":"Australia is home to bare-nosed, northern hairy-nosed and southern hairy-nosed wombats. Adiaspores have been noted in the lungs of all 3 species and severe pneumonia has been characterized in 2 northern hairy-nosed wombats associated with intralesional adiaspores produced by a novel Emmonsiellopsis species. Similar organisms have been observed in the lungs of bare-nosed and southern hairy-nosed wombats. In the current report, DNA amplification and sequencing demonstrated that an adiaspore producing fungus in 3 bare-nosed wombats is a genetic variant or sister species to the Emmonsiellopsis sp. found in the northern hairy-nosed wombat. Thirty-two lung sections were evaluated for 7 histopathological parameters and adiaspores were counted in a 2.37 µm2 randomly chosen area. Fisher's exact tests, relative risk, and absolute risk were calculated to determine if there was a correlation between adiaspores and an inflammatory response. Adiaspores were observed in samples from most wild wombats and were rare in captive wombats. Wombats with adiaspores were 3.53 times more likely to have interstitial pneumonia compared to wombats without adiaspores. The severity of pneumonia varied from mild to marked. However, the impact of pneumonia appeared to be minimal, as wombats were in good condition, except for wombats with mange. Therefore, the presence of adiaspores in wombats and associated inflammatory responses are usually considered an incidental finding. Further studies to determine the pathogenicity and clinical significance of the Emmonsiellopsis spp. in wombats and their prevalence across a wider portion of wombats' range may provide information on their impact on wombat populations.","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251347525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hemosiderosis is associated with increased susceptibility to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in Seba's short-tailed bats (Carollia perspicillata). 铁血黄素病与Seba短尾蝙蝠（Carollia perspicillata）对假结核耶尔森菌感染的易感性增加有关。

IF 2.3 2区农林科学

Veterinary Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251343017

Simon Spiro, Alexander Griffiths, Ahmad Arnaout, Ethan Wrigglesworth, Shaheed K Macgregor, Shinto K John, Stamatios A Tahas, Emma Nye, Alexander P Morrell

{"title":"Hemosiderosis is associated with increased susceptibility to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in Seba's short-tailed bats (Carollia perspicillata).","authors":"Simon Spiro, Alexander Griffiths, Ahmad Arnaout, Ethan Wrigglesworth, Shaheed K Macgregor, Shinto K John, Stamatios A Tahas, Emma Nye, Alexander P Morrell","doi":"10.1177/03009858251343017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251343017","url":null,"abstract":"Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Yptb) is a gram-negative bacterium that can cause sporadic fatal infections in humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. We describe an outbreak of Yptb in a captive collection of 222 Seba's short-tailed bats (Carollia perspicillata), 50 of which died of confirmed (39 of 222, 17.6%) or suspected (11 of 222; 5.0%) Yptb infection. Females were more likely to be infected than males (odds ratio: 3.4), and non-pregnant females were more likely to be infected than pregnant females (odds ratio: 13.6). The most common gross lesions were multifocal cream/white discolorations and/or nodules (30 of 39, 77%) in the liver, followed by splenomegaly (23 of 39, 59%) and mesenteric lymphadenomegaly (9 of 39, 23%); 5 of 39 (13%) animals had no gross lesions. Histology was performed on the livers of 33 confirmed Yptb-positive animals, with the most common findings being extramedullary hematopoiesis (27 of 33, 82%) and pyogranulomatous or suppurative hepatitis (20 of 33, 61%). Hemosiderosis was observed in 32 of 33 (97%) cases and in 27 of 27 (100%) control animals that were not infected with Yptb. Solution inductively coupled mass spectrometry showed that infected bats had an average of 1.7× more hepatic iron than uninfected bats (P = .0067); this was corroborated by image analysis of Perl's stained sections (P < .0001), but laser ablation on a subset of cases was not significant (P = .1051). We hypothesize that hemosiderosis favors the systemic spread of Yptb by limiting the efficacy of hepcidin-mediated iron depletion, and that limiting dietary iron may protect captive wildlife from bacterial infections.","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251343017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0