Veterinary PathologyPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1177/03009858241306413
Grant Maxie
{"title":"Response to \"Letters or not, here we come! A communal perspective on credentials needed for a productive career in veterinary pathology\".","authors":"Grant Maxie","doi":"10.1177/03009858241306413","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858241306413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) immunohistochemical expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic canine neuroendocrine tissues.","authors":"Fu-Hua Yang, Ya-Pei Chang, Yen-Chen Chang, Hui-Wen Chang, Chian-Ren Jeng, Jia-Wei Jiang, Wen-Tien Tsao, I-Chi Luo, Wei-Hsiang Huang","doi":"10.1177/03009858241279127","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858241279127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1), a recently identified neuroendocrine marker, is a transcriptional regulator with highly conserved INSM1 homologues in various species. This study investigated the immunohistochemical reactivity of the INSM1 antibody in 20 normal canine neuroendocrine tissues from various anatomical locations, 87 hyperplastic or neoplastic tissues of neuroendocrine origin, and 62 non-neuroendocrine neoplasms and compared the results with those of chromogranin A and synaptophysin in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Western blot was performed on fresh canine pituitary glands and canine parathyroid glands to confirm the specificity of the anti-INSM1 antibody. The results showed that the anti-INSM1 antibody could detect nuclear expression in normal canine neuroendocrine tissues, except for the parathyroid glands. INSM1 was detectable in 79/87 (91%) of the hyperplastic and neoplastic neuroendocrine lesions, but all parathyroid carcinomas and parathyroid adenomas (three samples each) were negative for INSM1. In contrast, INSM1 was detected in only one of 62 (2%) non-neuroendocrine neoplasms. The overall percentage of neuroendocrine neoplasms that immunolabeled positively for all three markers was 89%. In addition, the nuclear expression of INSM1 was easier to interpret than that of chromogranin A or synaptophysin. These findings confirm that INSM1 is a useful immunohistochemical marker for diagnosing canine neuroendocrine neoplasms, except for parathyroid neoplasms, and should be considered as part of immunohistochemistry panels to improve diagnostic capability.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"178-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acute myeloid leukemia with peripheral lymph node involvement in dogs: A retrospective study of 23 cases.","authors":"Jaspreet Kaur, Gabriella Diamantino, Katherine Morrison, Kristina Meichner, Nora L Springer, Martha Hoffman, Dorothee Bienzle, Tracy Stokol","doi":"10.1177/03009858241295397","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858241295397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can infiltrate extramedullary tissues, such as the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes and can be difficult to differentiate from lymphoma in cytologic and histologic specimens. Our goal was to identify cytologic features that would support a diagnosis of AML in peripheral lymph node aspirates, for which we used the term extramedullary AML (eAML). Medical records of 23 dogs with a diagnosis of AML and archived lymph node aspirate smears from 2016 to 2024 were reviewed across 4 institutions. Inclusion criteria included ≥50% myeloid blasts plus differentiating myeloid cells in lymph node smears, confirmation of myeloid lineage by flow cytometric analysis, and complete medical records. Peripheral lymphadenopathy was the reason for presentation (9/23, 39%) or was found incidentally on physical examination (14/23, 61%). Most dogs were bi- or pancytopenic (18/23, 78%), with blasts identified in blood smears of 18 dogs (78%). Initial lymph node aspirate interpretations included hematopoietic neoplasia (8/21, 38%), AML (6/21, 29%), lymphoma (5/21, 24%), lymphoid hyperplasia (1/21, 5%), and granulocytic precursor infiltrates (1/21, 5%). On lymph node smear review, cytologic features supporting an eAML were differentiating granulocytes, blasts with myeloid features or promonocytes, dysplastic changes in myeloid cells, and retention of residual lymphocytes. The median survival was 22 days (range = 1-360 days), and 69% of 16 dogs given chemotherapy or glucocorticoids lived for 30 days or more. Our study highlights the importance of hemogram results and lymph node aspirate smear examination for morphologic features of myeloid differentiation to help diagnose eAML in lymph node smears.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"195-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinary PathologyPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1177/03009858241281911
Andrea Klang, Christof A Bertram, Taryn A Donovan, Linden E Craig, Ingrid Walter, Birgitt Wolfesberger, Brigitte Degasperi, Elisabeth Baszler, Barbara C Rütgen, Sabine E Hammer, Andrea Fuchs-Baumgartinger
{"title":"Feline eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia associated with T-/natural killer-cell lymphoma.","authors":"Andrea Klang, Christof A Bertram, Taryn A Donovan, Linden E Craig, Ingrid Walter, Birgitt Wolfesberger, Brigitte Degasperi, Elisabeth Baszler, Barbara C Rütgen, Sabine E Hammer, Andrea Fuchs-Baumgartinger","doi":"10.1177/03009858241281911","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858241281911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FESF) is a proliferative, inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract and other sites, uncommonly diagnosed in the cat. This entity of uncertain etiology typically presents as a progressive mass lesion, mimicking a neoplastic process. In this case series, we present 17 cases of FESF associated with intralesional lymphoma. Histologic and immunohistochemical characterization of this unique lymphoma revealed that the neoplastic lymphocytes were immunopositive for CD56 and/ or CD3, suggesting a natural killer cell, natural killer T-cell, or T-cell origin. This case series represents the first description of this lymphoma subtype, for which the term eosinophilic sclerosing lymphoma is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinary PathologyPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1177/03009858241295396
Latasha Ludwig, Emily Rätsep, Deidre Fontenot, Kenneth J Conley, Carlos E Rodriguez, Cédric B Larouche
{"title":"Head tilt in 6 Ankole-Watusi cattle (<i>Bos taurus ankole</i>) with chronic exudative cornual sinusitis.","authors":"Latasha Ludwig, Emily Rätsep, Deidre Fontenot, Kenneth J Conley, Carlos E Rodriguez, Cédric B Larouche","doi":"10.1177/03009858241295396","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858241295396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ankole-Watusi cattle, <i>Bos taurus ankole</i>, have a unique wide-based horn structure with a large communication to the frontal sinus compared to other cattle breeds. A total of 6 cases of cornual sinusitis presented at the Toronto Zoo and Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge® and <i>Disney's Animal Kingdom</i>® Theme Park with a head tilt. Clinically, 4 of the 6 cases had concurrent otitis at the time of initial clinical observation. Medical management was the standard across all cases with limited surgical success in 2 cases. Due to intractable and progressive clinical signs despite treatment attempts, euthanasia and postmortem examinations were performed. All animals had gross and histologic evidence of cornual sinusitis with massive mucoid exudate in either 1 or both horns. Fluid accumulation and sinusitis within the cornual sinus should be considered a differential diagnosis in Ankole-Watusi cattle with a head tilt.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"248-253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinary PathologyPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1177/03009858241303204
Lauri Diehl, Jerry Ritchey, Rachel Reams, Amy Durham, Tony Alves, Kevin Esch, Nicky Parry, Paige Carmichael, Tara Arndt, Alicia Olivier, Ryan Jennings, Shelley Burton
{"title":"Response to: Certifying \"day one ready\" pathologists: are we accomplishing our goals?","authors":"Lauri Diehl, Jerry Ritchey, Rachel Reams, Amy Durham, Tony Alves, Kevin Esch, Nicky Parry, Paige Carmichael, Tara Arndt, Alicia Olivier, Ryan Jennings, Shelley Burton","doi":"10.1177/03009858241303204","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858241303204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"257-258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinary PathologyPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1177/03009858241286828
Judit M Wulcan, Paula R Giaretta, Sai Fingerhood, Simone de Brot, Esther E V Crouch, Tatiana Wolf, Maria Isabel Casanova, Pedro R Ruivo, Pompei Bolfa, Nicolás Streitenberger, Christof A Bertram, Taryn A Donovan, Michael Kevin Keel, Peter F Moore, Stefan M Keller
{"title":"Artificial intelligence-based quantification of lymphocytes in feline small intestinal biopsies.","authors":"Judit M Wulcan, Paula R Giaretta, Sai Fingerhood, Simone de Brot, Esther E V Crouch, Tatiana Wolf, Maria Isabel Casanova, Pedro R Ruivo, Pompei Bolfa, Nicolás Streitenberger, Christof A Bertram, Taryn A Donovan, Michael Kevin Keel, Peter F Moore, Stefan M Keller","doi":"10.1177/03009858241286828","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858241286828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline chronic enteropathy is a poorly defined condition of older cats that encompasses chronic enteritis to low-grade intestinal lymphoma. The histological evaluation of lymphocyte numbers and distribution in small intestinal biopsies is crucial for classification and grading. However, conventional histological methods for lymphocyte quantification have low interobserver agreement, resulting in low diagnostic reliability. This study aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI) model to detect intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocytes in hematoxylin and eosin-stained small intestinal biopsies from cats. The median sensitivity, positive predictive value, and F1 score of the AI model compared with the majority opinion of 11 veterinary anatomic pathologists, were 100% (interquartile range [IQR] 67%-100%), 57% (IQR 38%-83%), and 67% (IQR 43%-80%) for intraepithelial lymphocytes, and 89% (IQR 71%-100%), 67% (IQR 50%-82%), and 70% (IQR 43%-80%) for lamina propria lymphocytes, respectively. Errors included false negatives in whole-slide images with faded stain and false positives in misidentifying enterocyte nuclei. Semiquantitative grading at the whole-slide level showed low interobserver agreement among pathologists, underscoring the need for a reproducible quantitative approach. While semiquantitative grade and AI-derived lymphocyte counts correlated positively, the AI-derived lymphocyte counts overlapped between different grades. Our AI model, when supervised by a pathologist, offers a reproducible, objective, and quantitative assessment of feline intestinal lymphocytes at the whole-slide level, and has the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and consistency for feline chronic enteropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"139-151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142475925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veterinary PathologyPub Date : 2025-03-01Epub Date: 2024-05-17DOI: 10.1177/03009858241250336
Agustín Rebollada-Merino, Federica Giorda, Martí Pumarola, Laura Martino, Alberto Gomez-Buendia, Umberto Romani-Cremaschi, Cristina Casalone, Virginia Mattioda, Fabio Di Nocera, Giuseppe Lucifora, Antonio Petrella, Lucas Domínguez, Mariano Domingo, Carla Grattarola, Antonio Rodríguez-Bertos
{"title":"Neurobrucellosis (<i>Brucella ceti</i>) in striped dolphins (<i>Stenella coeruleoalba</i>): Immunohistochemical studies on immune response and neuroinflammation.","authors":"Agustín Rebollada-Merino, Federica Giorda, Martí Pumarola, Laura Martino, Alberto Gomez-Buendia, Umberto Romani-Cremaschi, Cristina Casalone, Virginia Mattioda, Fabio Di Nocera, Giuseppe Lucifora, Antonio Petrella, Lucas Domínguez, Mariano Domingo, Carla Grattarola, Antonio Rodríguez-Bertos","doi":"10.1177/03009858241250336","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858241250336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurobrucellosis is a shared condition of cetaceans and humans. However, the pathogenesis and immune response in cetacean neurobrucellosis has not been extensively studied. In this multicentric investigation, 21 striped dolphin (<i>Stenella coeruleoalba</i>) neurobrucellosis (<i>Brucella ceti</i>) cases diagnosed over a 10-year period (2012-2022) were retrospectively evaluated. For each case, morphological changes were assessed by evaluating 21 histological parameters. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical expression of <i>Brucella</i> antigen, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and a selection of inflammatory cell (IBA-1, CD3, and CD20) and cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], interferon-gamma [IFN-γ], interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-2, and IL-6) markers were investigated. Inflammation of the leptomeninges, ependyma, and/or choroid plexus was lymphohistiocytic, containing macrophages/microglia (IBA-1+), T-cells (CD3+), and B-cells (CD20+) in equal proportion. B-cells occasionally formed tertiary follicles. GFAP expression showed astrocytosis in most cases. Expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 indicated an intense proinflammatory response, stimulating both macrophages and T-cells. Our results showed that the inflammation and neuroinflammation in neurobrucellosis of striped dolphins mimic human neurobrucellosis and in vitro and in vivo studies in laboratory animals. Cetacean disease surveillance can be exploited to expand the knowledge of the pathogenesis and immunology of infectious diseases, particularly brucellosis, under a One Health approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"226-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140959764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High mortality associated with avian reoviral hepatitis in young quail (<i>Colinus virginianus</i>).","authors":"Panchan Sitthicharoenchai, Jianqiang Zhang, Liying Tian, Judith Stasko, Amro Hashish, Cheng-Shun Hsueh, Yuko Sato, Benjamin Hause, Mohamed El-Gazzar","doi":"10.1177/03009858241302842","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858241302842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High mortality in bobwhite quail chicks (<i>Colinus virginianus</i>) (35%-85%) was reported from a grower flock in Iowa during July and August of 2022. Two diagnostic submissions of dead, 3-day-old quail chicks were received. Postmortem examination revealed multifocal, pinpoint, pale tan foci in the liver of all birds. Histologic examination revealed moderate to severe, acute, multifocal, random necrotizing hepatitis with multinucleated cells and dystrophic mineralization. Metagenomic sequencing of liver detected orthoreovirus. A high level of avian reovirus (ARV) RNA was identified by real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR. ARV was successfully isolated from liver and lung on the Leghorn male hepatoma cell line. In addition, electron microscopy revealed orthoreovirus viral particles and virus factories in the formalin-fixed livers and viral-infected cell culture. This case highlights ARV as a potential cause of hepatitis in quail chicks and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"216-220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}