Veterinary Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Cerebellar hypomyelination, white matter vacuolization, and prolonged presence of atypical porcine pestivirus in pigs with congenital tremor type A-II.","authors":"Anna Bergfeldt, Mette Myrmel, Birgit Ranheim, Frida Aae, Randi Sørby","doi":"10.1177/03009858251372559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251372559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is responsible for congenital tremor (CT) type A-II in pigs, a globally distributed neurological disease, with many unresolved questions regarding its pathogenesis and pathology. This descriptive case-control study assessed the viral load of APPV and its association with lesions in the central nervous system (CNS), as piglets born with severe clinical signs of CT recovered from clinical disease. The virus was found in all pigs with CT across 3 age groups (newborn, 3-week-old, 4- to 5-month-old CT pigs) using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The highest viral load was observed in the spinal cord of newborns and in the cerebellum of older groups. No APPV was detected in control pigs. Histologic evaluation revealed variable vacuolization in the CNS white matter of CT-affected pigs, which was most prominent in the spinal cord, cerebellum, and cerebrum of newborns, and in the cerebellum and cerebrum of 3-week-old pigs. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated hypomyelination in newborn and 3-week-old CT pigs, but myelin levels comparable to those of control pigs in 4- to 5-month-old CT pigs. This research demonstrates the prolonged presence of APPV in the CNS of pigs born with severe signs of CT. Variable white matter vacuolization and hypomyelination can be found up to 3 weeks of age, but myelin levels normalize in older pigs, suggesting a delayed myelination process. Further research is needed to confirm the primary cellular target for APPV in the CNS and to understand how the virus affects the myelination process.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251372559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographical cluster of renal hamartomas in wild urban white-tailed jackrabbits (<i>Lepus townsendii</i>).","authors":"Summer T Hunter, Marie-Anne Brundler, Sylvia L Checkley, Susan C Cork, Carolyn Legge, J Scott Weese, Jamie L Rothenburger","doi":"10.1177/03009858251367402","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251367402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To understand diseases of wild urban jackrabbits (<i>Lepus townsendii</i>), we autopsied 130 individuals that died near roadways in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Renal hamartomas were present in 8 of 130 hares (6.2%; 95% confidence interval: 3.2%-11.7%). Most were unilateral (7/8); one case had bilateral lesions. Hamartomas are benign, tumor-like lesions comprised of normal tissue elements in abnormal amounts and arrangements. Macroscopically, hamartomas were white, tan, or pink-red, well-circumscribed, singular or multilobular, expansile nodules in the cortex or corticomedullary junction. Histologically, renal hamartomas consisted of well-demarcated mature stromal tissue with fibrous tissue and occasionally, adipocyte differentiation. These results represent a unique temporal and geographical cluster of a renal anomaly in an urban wildlife population. Renal hamartomas were not identified in other large studies of diseases in free-ranging leporids including hares. Contributing factors to this cluster remain unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251367402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Aliarcobacter butzleri</i> colitis in rhesus macaques (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>).","authors":"Adam K Myers, Ahmad A Saied, Tessa J Williams, Robin L Sherar, Kathrine P Falkenstein, Peter J Didier, Jason P Dufour, Krystal J Vail","doi":"10.1177/03009858251367395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251367395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aliarcobacter butzleri</i> is a <i>Campylobacter</i>-like bacteria associated with watery diarrhea in humans and is infrequently reported in nonhuman primate (NHP) populations. While clinical and microscopic features in humans are indistinguishable from <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. infection, descriptions of <i>A. butzleri</i>-associated colitis in NHP are lacking. Here, we describe the clinical and pathological features of diarrhea and colitis associated with <i>A. butzleri</i> in rhesus macaques using a retrospective approach. Over a 3-year period, <i>A. butzleri</i> was isolated from 10 macaques with diarrhea. Five of the 10 were submitted for necropsy and had features of chronic enterocolitis, consistent with existing literature. However, 40% (2/5) of the cases were characterized by ulcerative colitis, which has not previously been described as a feature of <i>A. butzleri</i> colitis. <i>A. butzleri</i> should be considered a differential diagnosis in cases of diarrhea and enterocolitis in captive rhesus macaques.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251367395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an <i>in situ</i> hybridization assay for the diagnosis of <i>Mycobacteriaceae</i> infections of veterinary importance.","authors":"Agustín Rebollada-Merino, Sean P McDonough, Francisco A Uzal, Antonio Rodríguez-Bertos, Rodman G Getchell, Shotaro Nakagun, Elena A Demeter","doi":"10.1177/03009858251367397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251367397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycobacteria (<i>Mycobacteriaceae</i> family) comprise five genera (<i>Mycobacterium</i>, <i>Mycolicibacterium</i>, <i>Mycolicibacter</i>, <i>Mycolicibacillus</i>, and <i>Mycobacteroides</i>), which include relevant animal and human pathogens. Histology is a rapid method for preemptively diagnosing mycobacteriosis, contributing to surveillance, control, and eradication. A constraint on histology is the limited sensitivity and specificity of acid-fast stains, as the number of detectable bacilli in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue varies and other microorganisms are acid-fast positive. Immunohistochemistry has low specificity and is cross-reactive with other bacteria. We developed an RNAscope probe-based <i>in situ</i> hybridization (ISH) assay, targeting a conserved sequence of <i>16S rRNA</i> gene of <i>Mycobacteriaceae</i>, and tested it on archived FFPE tissues from 22 mammals, birds, amphibians, and fish, collected between 1999 and 2024, infected with 23 species of mycobacteria of veterinary importance, and tissue from 7 animals infected with other bacteria. <i>Mycobacterium</i> spp. (n = 17), <i>Mycobacteroides</i> spp. (n = 2), <i>Mycolicibacter</i> spp. (n = 1), and <i>Mycolicibacterium</i> spp. (n = 3) confirmed infected tissues were tested, and results were compared with 2 acid-fast stains, Ziehl-Neelsen and Fite-Faraco, and <i>Mycobacterium</i> spp. PCR from FFPE tissues. Hybridization signals were detected in all FFPE tissues, archived for up to 25 years, with confirmed <i>Mycobacterium</i> spp. (17/17; 100%), <i>Mycobacteroides</i> spp. (2/2), <i>Mycolicibacter</i> spp. (1/1), and <i>Mycolicibacterium</i> spp. (3/3), including cases with few or no acid-fast bacilli. Available FFPE tissues were positive by PCR (15/15, 100%). Hybridization signal was not identified in other bacterial infections. This ISH assay is a rapid screening and specific diagnostic tool for mycobacteria in FFPE tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251367397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clonality assessment and feline leukemia virus protein expression in injection-site sarcoma-associated lymphocytic infiltrates.","authors":"Paola Roccabianca, Barbara Brunetti, Silvia Dell'Aere, Maria E Turba, Francesco Godizzi, Marcello De Marino, Giancarlo Avallone","doi":"10.1177/03009858251367396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251367396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injections have been linked to feline sarcomas (feline injection-site sarcoma; FISS) and cutaneous lymphomas (cutaneous lymphoma at injection site; CLIS). Both tumors often exhibit lymphoplasmacytic inflammation ascribed to injected immunogenic material. CLIS is hypothesized to emerge from transformation and clonal expansion of lymphoid cells following persistent immune stimulation with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) reactivation and transformation. To further study whether the lymphocytic infiltrates associated with FISS can represent a suitable niche for the development of CLIS, 34 cases of FISS were examined. Lymphoid cell phenotypes were assessed using CD3 and CD79 immunohistochemistry. For cases with prominent inflammation, FeLV p27 and gp70 immunohistochemistry and PCR for antigen receptor rearrangements were performed. Male domestic shorthair cats predominated. The mean age was 12.2 years (range: 5-17 years). FISS developed in thoracic (8/34, 24%), flank (7/34, 21%), and interscapular (5/34, 15%) regions. Similar proportions of B and T lymphocytes were found in 11/34 (32%) cases; T-cells predominated in 12/34 (35%) cases, and B-cells predominated in 11/34 (32%). At least one FeLV antigen was expressed in lymphoid infiltrates in 10/18 cases (55%), and in neoplastic fibroblasts in 8/18 cases (44%), while both FeLV proteins were expressed in neoplastic cells in 3/18 cases (17%). One cat had clonal T-cell receptor-gamma and was diagnosed with concurrent FISS and CLIS. This case lacked FeLV expression. FeLV amplification from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material was unsuccessful. The expression of FeLV p27 and/or gp70 in neoplastic spindle cells and lymphoid infiltrates raises the possibility of FeLV involvement in the tumorigenesis of FISS and CLISs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251367396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphoma in European hedgehogs (<i>Erinaceus europaeus</i>): A case series.","authors":"Yannick Van de Weyer, Steve Bexton, Emanuele Ricci, Julian Chantrey, Valerie Tilston, Eva Dervas, Frauke Seehusen, Ana Gomez-Vitores, Liz Nabb, Hannah Kitchen, Hannah Tombs, Nick Woodger, Guido Rocchigiani","doi":"10.1177/03009858251367380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251367380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neoplasia is rarely reported in European hedgehogs (<i>Erinaceus europaeus</i>). A retrospective search was conducted by contacting multiple veterinary diagnostic laboratories for cases of lymphoma in European hedgehogs. This resulted in 5 cases, from which clinical, gross, histologic, and immunophenotyping findings were recorded. Most animals (3/5) had skin masses involving the cervical region, 1 hedgehog had dyspnea and lethargy associated with hydrothorax, whereas another exhibited icterus and lethargy. The primary site of the lymphoma was the skin, particularly the neck or head (3/5), the thymus (1/5), and multicentric (1/5). Immunophenotyping confirmed B-cell lymphoma in 2 skin cases, a T-cell lineage for the thymic and multicentric cases, and undetermined for the remaining skin lymphoma. CD3, PAX5, and CD79a were reliable immunohistochemistry markers in formalin-fixed tissues in European hedgehogs. Although uncommon, lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis for adult European hedgehogs with skin nodules, especially those seeming to originate from the neck.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3009858251367380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histologic characterization of fracture repair process in wild birds in association with gross appearance of the bone lesion.","authors":"José Espinosa, Javier Guijarro, David Zapico, Miguel Criado, María Del Carmen Ferreras, Valentín Pérez","doi":"10.1177/03009858251317458","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251317458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to provide an in-depth examination of the histological changes that occur during the repair of untreated bone fractures in avian species, correlating these microscopic alterations with gross anatomical characteristics observed during different tissue repair phases. A total of 93 bone fractures from different wild birds were analyzed and classified based on temporality (acute, subacute, and chronic) according to the color changes of the hematoma and morphology (open or closed; simple, comminuted, or greenstick fractures). From a microscopic standpoint, a strong correlation was observed between the temporal progression observed macroscopically and the histological changes evident in each temporal category. Microscopic variations were found to depend on the nature of the fracture. Lesional patterns directly related to the macroscopic appearance of the fracture were established. Acute fractures exhibited extensive hematomas and an intense inflammatory response; subacute fractures showed immature granulation tissue and early signs of soft callus formation; and finally, chronic fractures were characterized by prominent soft calluses and hard calluses in different stages of development. The possible factors influencing each phase of the healing process, such as the characteristics of the type of fracture, the stability of the fracture site, bacterial contamination, the chronicity of the fracture, and the potential differences in the progression of histological changes between different animal species, are discussed. This association may be of clinical utility in decision-making for the treatment and prognosis of bone fractures in birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"781-792"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the gap between histopathology and genomics: Spotlighting spatial omics.","authors":"Sujata Jana, Raisa A Glabman, Amanda L Koehne","doi":"10.1177/03009858251322729","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251322729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spatial biology has emerged as a transformative field, offering insights into cellular interactions and organization within tissues. The field has evolved rapidly since the coining of the term \"spatial omics.\" Now, the ability to spatially resolve proteins, RNA, chromatin, and lipids is becoming widespread, and the technologies are continually refined. Reagents to support the analysis of veterinary species are available and more are emerging. These new tools will allow pathologists and scientists to unravel the intricate interplay between tissue architecture and diverse cellular phenotypes. By integrating histological observations with spatially resolved genomic data, spatial biology holds immense potential for advancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in veterinary medicine. These tools will undoubtedly equip veterinary pathologists to better decipher complex disease processes and identify novel therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"620-630"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical characterization of normal feline adrenal tissue and adrenal tumors secreting aldosterone.","authors":"Alice Watson, Frederik Allan, Norelene Harrington, Orla Mahony, Morris Brown, Harriet Syme","doi":"10.1177/03009858251331146","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03009858251331146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is suggested that primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) is an under-diagnosed cause of systemic hypertension in cats. No immunohistochemical markers of aldosterone synthesizing tissues have been identified, meaning that endocrine function cannot be inferred from examining feline tissues. In humans, expression of CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase) is used for this purpose, but cats have a single CYP11B enzyme responsible for the terminal steps in synthesis of both aldosterone and cortisol, precluding its use as an indicator of steroidogenic function. This study aimed to identify immunohistochemical markers of aldosterone producing tissues. In addition, since there are no existing guidelines for classification of feline adrenal tumors as benign or malignant, this study aimed to investigate potential markers of adrenal tumor malignancy in PHA. Normal adrenals (<i>n</i> = 9) and adrenal tumors secreting aldosterone (<i>n</i> = 31) or cortisol (<i>n</i> = 4) were immunolabeled for steroidogenic enzymes (CYP11B, CYP17A1, and CYB5A), the zona glomerulosa (including KCNJ5 visinin-like 1 (VSNL1), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE)), and proliferation markers (Ki67). Histochemical staining for reticulin was also performed. Transcriptomes of normal (<i>n</i> = 4) and aldosterone secreting tumors (<i>n</i> = 5) were compared. Weak or absent CYP17A1 in conjunction with strong KCNJ5 or VSNL1 immunolabeling was present in aldosterone producing tissues from normal and tumorous cat adrenals. <i>CYP17A1</i> RNA expression was lower in aldosterone producing tumors compared with normal adrenals (<i>P</i> < .0001). VSNL1 and NSE were not specific markers of aldosterone producing tissue. CYB5A and CYP17A1 were not expressed within the zona reticularis, suggesting minimal adrenal production of androgens. Ki67 proliferative index and reticulin network disruption were not predictive of malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"672-682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewer-in-training: A mentoring opportunity in the peer review process.","authors":"Joshua D Webster, Patricia Pesavento","doi":"10.1177/03009858251343354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858251343354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23513,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Pathology","volume":"62 5","pages":"613-614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}