Veterinary journal最新文献

{"title":"Lycopene exerts a treatment effect on bovine mastitis induced by Escherichia coli infection via the MAPK pathway using network pharmacology, a mice model and molecular docking","authors":"Tianyu Yang,&nbsp;Jiangang Bai,&nbsp;Yucan Wu,&nbsp;Cuicui Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Escherichia coli</em>, an opportunistic pathogen, induces acute bovine mastitis, leading to severe milk yield reduction, dairy product discard, and substantial economic losses. This not only jeopardizes cow health and farm profitability but also raises food safety concerns, highlighting the need for effective treatments<em>.</em> Lycopene (LYC), a natural carotenoid with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has shown potential in mitigating inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the therapeutic mechanism of LYC against <em>E. coli</em>-induced bovine mastitis using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and a mice model. Potential targets of LYC were screened from TargetNet, GeneCards, CTD and SwissTargetPrediction, while mastitis and <em>E. coli</em> infections-related genes were obtained from GeneCards and CTD, respectively. PPI networks were constructed via STRING and Cytoscape, and core targets were analyzed using GO and KEGG in Metascape database. Molecular docking was performed to validate binding affinities between LYC and key targets. An <em>E. coli</em>-induced mastitis mice model was established to evaluate LYC's efficacy, with inflammatory markers and MAPK pathway proteins assessed via ELISA and Western blot. Network pharmacology identified 165 overlapping targets among LYC, mastitis and <em>E. coli</em> infections. KEGG analysis highlighted the MAPK pathway as a critical signalling axis, with 15 core regulators. Molecular docking confirmed strong binding of LYC to these core regulators. <em>In vivo</em> experiments demonstrated that LYC significantly reduced mammary tissue damage, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, and suppressed MAPK pathway in <em>E. coli</em>-infected mice. Therefore, LYC alleviates <em>E. coli</em> infection-induced bovine mastitis by modulating the MAPK pathway, offering a promising natural alternative for mastitis treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 106428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of canine gallbladder cholangiocyte organoids from healthy and gallbladder mucocele patient dogs for functional analysis of anion channels","authors":"Itsuma Nagao ,&nbsp;Hirotaka Tomiyasu ,&nbsp;Yuko Goto-Koshino ,&nbsp;Kota Nakase ,&nbsp;Takumi Tsuruta ,&nbsp;Yuto Namiki ,&nbsp;Ryuichiro Sato ,&nbsp;Yu Takahashi ,&nbsp;Yuko Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Yosuke Takahashi ,&nbsp;Naohiro Takahashi ,&nbsp;James K. Chambers ,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Uchida ,&nbsp;Kenji Baba ,&nbsp;Yoko M. Ambrosini ,&nbsp;Masaru Okuda","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gallbladder mucocele (GBM) is one of the most common gallbladder disorders in dogs. Recent studies have suggested a potential association between GBM development and reduced expression of anion channel-related molecules in gallbladder epithelial cells. However, further investigation has been limited due to the lack of an effective <em>in vitro</em> culture system to validate the functions of the molecules. This study aimed to establish gallbladder cholangiocyte organoids (GCOs) from canine gallbladders and evaluate anion channel functions. GCOs were generated from gallbladders of three clinically healthy dogs and three GBM-affected dogs, followed by morphological evaluation, comparisons of anion channel-related gene expressions, and functional assessment of anion channels, specifically cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCs), using organoid swelling assays. Most GCOs derived from normal gallbladder (N-GCOs) exhibited a round, cystic morphology, whereas GCOs from GBM-affected gallbladder (GBM-GCOs) predominantly displayed a budding morphology with narrowed lumen. Although no significant differences in anion channel-related gene expression were observed between the two groups, the functions of both CFTR and CaCCs were significantly impaired in GBM-GCOs. The morphological differences between the groups might be attributed to the reduced ion secretions and subsequent shortages of water transport into the organoid lumen in GBM-GCOs, leading to insufficient lumen expansion. These findings highlighted a potential link between anion channel dysfunction and GBM pathogenesis. Further studies utilizing canine GCOs are warranted to deepen our understanding of the role of anion channel dysfunction in GBM development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 106417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When should we start to treat feline CKD: A narrative review of early diagnosis and the evidence for pre-azotaemic intervention","authors":"Jason P. Bestwick,&nbsp;Rebecca F. Geddes","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common and important disease in ageing cats. Increased awareness and availability of a novel biomarker for detecting glomerular filtration rate reduction (symmetric dimethylarginine), alongside efforts by the International Renal Interest Society to standardise diagnosis and staging, have led to earlier detection of CKD and an ability to study and trial interventions in sub-populations based on disease severity. As weight loss and phosphorus dyshomeostasis are present in non-azotaemic cats, and progression to azotaemic CKD may occur over time, earlier diagnosis and management represent a compelling opportunity for optimising management of this disease. To date, however, dietary modification (particularly protein- and phosphorus-restriction) in cats with azotaemic CKD is the only intervention demonstrating robust evidence for improving survival times and slowing disease progression. The purpose of this article is to review the available literature supporting criteria currently used to diagnose non-azotaemic CKD and evidence for early intervention, with a focus on dietary modification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 106416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal dynamics of mastitis in Gir cows: A comprehensive thermographic assessment","authors":"S.L. Gayathri ,&nbsp;M. Bhakat ,&nbsp;T.K. Mohanty","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mastitis is a pervasive inflammatory disease of the mammary gland. It poses substantial challenges to global dairy farming by reducing milk quality, impacting animal welfare, and incurring substantial economic losses. This study hypothesized that infrared thermography (IRT) could serve as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for detecting sub-clinical (SCM) and clinical mastitis (CM) in <em>Bos indicus</em> (Gir) cows across diverse seasonal conditions. Thermographic parameters, including udder and short-milking-tube (SMT) temperatures, were evaluated in conjunction with the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and somatic cell count (SCC). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis assessed the diagnostic performance of IRT, and Pearson's correlation coefficients were computed to explore relationships between thermal metrics, SCC, and CMT scores. The findings revealed temperature differences (p &lt; 0.01) in the eyeball, SMT, and udder skin surface across pre-milking, milking, and post-milking phases, with notable seasonal variations among healthy, SCM, and CM quarters. ROC analysis demonstrated higher sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for CM cases than SCM across all thermographic parameters. These findings confirmed that IRT effectively captured seasonal and lactation phase-specific variations in udder and teat temperatures, along with SMT temperature variations during the milking phase. These results underscore IRT’s efficacy in detecting inflammation-induced thermal variations, offering a reliable, non-invasive approach for early mastitis diagnosis. This study highlights the potential of IRT to transform mastitis detection in <em>Bos indicus</em> breeds by enabling timely interventions and enhancing herd management strategies. Its integration into precision livestock farming aligns with global efforts to promote sustainable dairy production and improve animal welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 106400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1H NMR metabonomics and immune cell signature of milk may reveal insights into subclinical mastitis and quarter interdependence","authors":"Valentina Bonfatti ,&nbsp;Federico Bonsembiante ,&nbsp;Elisa Giaretta ,&nbsp;Paola Vanzani ,&nbsp;Maria Elena Gelain ,&nbsp;Alfonso Zecconi ,&nbsp;Lucio Zennaro ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Gabai ,&nbsp;Fabio Vianello","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Milk metabolome depends on a plethora of factors and on the presence of different cell types and could help understanding the biology of the mammary gland and, possibly, identifying biomarkers for mastitis, tissue repairing and milk quality. To fulfill these expectations, metabolome changes need an accurate characterization under several well-characterized physiological and pathophysiological conditions. The aim of the present work is to study mammary quarters of dairy cows affected by subclinical mastitis (SCM) and acute inflammation compared to healthy animals. The milk metabolome was investigated by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and by the assessment of somatic cell populations by flow cytometry using a panel of leukocyte markers (CD11b, CD44, CD14, CD4, CD8, CD21). The study was integrated by microbiological evaluations and oxidized proteins (AOPP) determination and results were analyzed by multivariate model. Mammary quarters with the highest CD11b positive cells, suggestive of acute inflammation, were present in SCM-affected cows only, and were characterized by significantly higher AOPP, where the microbiological analysis revealed the presence of minor pathogens. A good PCA separation between healthy and SCM-infected animals was observed (overall error rate: 0.177 ± 0.056) confirming that SCC are associated with modifications of milk metabolome. The classification accuracy was lower (overall error rate: 0.343 ± 0.029) when the mammary quarters were classified on the fraction of CD11b positive cells of quarters from healthy and SCM-affected cows. Interestingly, low-CD11b-SCM samples tended to be misclassified (error rate: 0.460), suggesting the influence of infected neighboring quarters. The results of this work underlay the importance of studying the functional interdependence of mammary quarters in animals affected by SCM.</div></div><div><h3>Simple summary</h3><div>This study explored how subclinical mastitis—a mild, often hidden udder infection in dairy cows—affects the metabolites in milk. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used for comparing milk from healthy cows to that produced by cows with subclinical mastitis caused by bacterial infections. We found that the metabolic profile (metabolome) of analyzed milk changed noticeably in infected cows. These changes were linked to both immune cell activity and possible damage to udder tissue. Surprisingly, even parts of the udder that seemed healthy in infected cows sometimes showed altered milk composition. This suggests that infections in one part of the udder can influence nearby quarters or cause broader changes in the cow’s immune and metabolic systems. The findings support the suggestion that milk metabolites could be used to detect early stages of udder infections. The study also highlights how different quarters of the udder are connected, and how even the “healthy” ones can be affected when a cow suffers from mastitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 106401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144638114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Slow kill\" treatment protocol in naturally infected dogs with Dirofilaria immitis and assessment of serum NT-proBNP and plasma D-dimer as biomarkers of this infection","authors":"Milan Rajković ,&nbsp;Uroš Glavinić ,&nbsp;Danica Bogunović ,&nbsp;Saša Trailović ,&nbsp;Jevrosima Stevanović ,&nbsp;Goran Cvetković ,&nbsp;Zoran Stanimirović","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the efficacy of the \"slow kill\" protocol (ivermectin and doxycycline) on <em>Dirofilaria immitis</em> infection in dogs and the biomarker value of NT-proBNP and D-dimer in these cases. Dogs were tested for heartworm presence using a rapid antigen test, and blood samples were collected on days: 0 (<em>T</em>_<em>0</em>), 90 (<em>T</em>_<em>90</em>), and 180 (<em>T</em>_<em>180</em>). Dogs were divided into three groups based on clinical symptoms: asymptomatic (<em>G</em>_<em>ASX</em>), moderate (<em>G</em>_{<em>MODERATE</em>}), and severe (<em>G</em>_{<em>SEVERE</em>}). At <em>T</em>_<em>0</em>, NT-proBNP levels were within the reference values in <em>G</em>_<em>ASX</em> and <em>G</em>_{<em>MODERATE</em>} groups but elevated in <em>G</em>_{<em>SEVERE</em>} and significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher than in <em>G</em>_<em>ASX</em>. D-dimer levels were within the reference range in all groups without significant (p &gt; 0.05) differences among them. At <em>T</em>_<em>90</em>, NT-proBNP remained within the reference values only in <em>G</em>_<em>ASX</em> and was not significantly different (p &gt; 0.05) among groups. However, D-dimer levels increased in <em>G</em>_{<em>MODERATE</em>} and <em>G</em>_{<em>SEVERE</em>,} being significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher than in <em>G</em>_<em>ASX</em> group. At <em>T</em>_<em>180</em>, NT-proBNP was elevated in all groups, being significantly higher in <em>G</em>_{<em>MODERATE</em>} (p &lt; 0.05) and <em>G</em>_{<em>SEVERE</em>} (p &lt; 0.01) compared to <em>G</em>_<em>ASX</em>. D-dimer decreased across all groups but remained above the reference values, being significantly higher in <em>G</em>_{<em>MODERATE</em>} (p &lt; 0.05) and <em>G</em>_{<em>SEVERE</em>} (p &lt; 0.001) than in <em>G</em>_<em>ASX</em>. The \"slow kill\" treatment did not reduce NT-proBNP and D-dimer levels, having in mind long retention of adults, suggesting that cardiac and antithrombotic therapies may be necessary. Considering the relationship between the severity of clinical pictures and the levels of NT-proBNP and D-dimer, they have potential as prognostic markers in veterinary practice for heartworm-infected dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 106399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144595945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interference effect of foot-and-mouth disease maternal antibodies following foot-and-mouth disease vaccination and its related factors in Hanwoo beef calves","authors":"Ui-Hyung Kim ,&nbsp;Sung-Sik Kang ,&nbsp;Myung-Sun Park ,&nbsp;Seungmin Ha","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccinations have been conducted in Korea for &gt; 10 years. However, few studies have confirmed the optimal timing of FMD vaccination in newborn calves. In this study, we aimed to evaluate changes in antibodies before and after FMD vaccination and identify potential factors affecting FMD maternal-derived antibodies in newborn calves. Calves were vaccinated at 8 and 12 weeks of age. Blood samples were obtained from dams 6 weeks before the estimated due date and from calves at 8 (pre-vaccination), 12, and 16 weeks of age. Antibodies against the FMD virus (FMDV) structural proteins were detected using Priocheck FMDV type O antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among 82 calves, 54 (65.9 %) exhibited a decrease in FMD percentage inhibition (PI) at 16 weeks. The mean pre-vaccination FMD PI values of calves whose FMD PI decreased and increased after vaccination were 92.4 ± 9.4 and 72.4 ± 16.9, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Our results indicate that FMD vaccination at 8 weeks is early due to the high levels of maternal-derived FMD antibodies in the body of Hanwoo calves. The FMD PI of the dam (β = 0.636) exhibited the most significant impact on the FMD PI of 8-week-old calves, followed by calf birth weight (β = 0.200) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Calves born to dams with high FMD PI and heavy birth weight exhibited high FMD PI at 8 weeks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 106397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy as a driver of chronic kidney disease; An area for future exploration in feline chronic kidney disease?","authors":"Michael Frill ,&nbsp;Claire Thornton ,&nbsp;Jonathan Elliott ,&nbsp;Elisavet Vasilopoulou ,&nbsp;Rosanne Jepson","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feline chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of mortality in older cats and though understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of this heterogenous disease is improving, many details remain elusive. Dysregulation of mitophagy, a normal cellular process whereby dysfunctional mitochondria are cleared from the cell, may contribute to ongoing inflammation, fibrosis, and ultimately worsening kidney function. Whilst advancement in the study of model species and humans have revealed differential patterns of mitophagy in the kidney in different disease states, knowledge about mitophagy in feline CKD remains unexplored. This review summarises the current knowledge based around the contribution that dysregulated mitochondrial function and mitophagy make to oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in CKD, considers their potential involvement in feline CKD and how this knowledge could be used to identify potential therapeutic targets for the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 106398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haemoglobin concentration measurement agreement obtained from three different devices in anaesthetised horses","authors":"Luiz Cesar Pereira Santos ,&nbsp;Kate Werfel ,&nbsp;Gustavo Ferlini-Agne","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate measurement of haemoglobin concentration is crucial for monitoring the oxygen-carrying capacity in anaesthetised horses. This prospective study aimed to determine the agreement in haemoglobin concentration in anaesthetised horses using the SpHb pulse co-oximeter, an Epoc® blood gas analyser, and values derived from packed cell volume (PCV), which served as the reference method in this study. The study included 34 horses undergoing elective surgeries. Blood samples were collected from each horse and divided for analysis using the microhaematocrit method to estimate haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]PCV_est) and the Epoc®. Haemoglobin concentrations were compared to SpHb readings using Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and Bland-Altman analysis, with a predefined acceptable clinical limit of agreement set at a 7 % variance from the reference. The mean [Hb]PCV_est was 14.6 ± 1.8 g/dL, the Epoc® [Hb] was 11.0 ± 1.8 g/dL, and the SpHb® [Hb] was 9.6 ± 1.5 g/dL. Analysis revealed poor agreement between the SpHb and Epoc® devices compared to [Hb]PCV_est. Both SpHb and Epoc® methods underestimated haemoglobin concentrations by an average of 4.96 g/dL and 3.6 g/dL, respectively. Lin’s CCC indicated weak concordance (0.08 for SpHb and 0.14 for Epoc®). Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated significant biases, exceeding the acceptable 7 % threshold, with wide limits of agreement. In conclusion, both the SpHb pulse co-oximeter and the Epoc® showed poor agreement with the [Hb]PCV_est method, underestimating haemoglobin levels in anaesthetised horses. Further research with larger sample sizes and species-specific device calibration is necessary to establish the true accuracy and clinical utility of the SpHb Radical-7® device in horses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 106394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian latent class analyses show that serological testing outperforms conventional diagnostic methods for the detection of Ascaris in (individual) pigs","authors":"Ghazanfar Abbas ,&nbsp;Hannah Mitchell ,&nbsp;Mark Stevenson ,&nbsp;Yuet On Lee ,&nbsp;Abdul Ghafar ,&nbsp;Charles Gauci ,&nbsp;Hagan Brodziak ,&nbsp;Leah G. Starick ,&nbsp;Regina M. Fogarty ,&nbsp;Bernie Gleeson ,&nbsp;Dianne Phillips ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Robin B. Gasser ,&nbsp;Abdul Jabbar","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2025.106396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employed Bayesian latent class analyses to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of faecal egg count (FEC), milk spot detection and the ELISA for detection of <em>Ascaris suum</em> using matched samples from individual pigs in Australia. A total of 251 blood, faecal and liver samples were collected from finisher pigs from four Victorian pig farms. Matched samples (<em>n</em> = 189) were used to compare the three diagnostic tests. The ELISA detected a higher proportion of positive samples (56 %; 95 % CI 48–62 %) compared to milk spot detection (42 %; 95 % CI 35–49 %) and FEC (17 %; 95 % CI 12–23 %). Only the ELISA detected <em>A. suum</em> infections on two of the four farms, with 14 % and 41 % within-farm prevalence estimates. Agreement between diagnostic tests was moderate for FEC and milk spot detection (Cohen’s kappa 0.42; 95 % CI 0.30–0.53) and ELISA and milk spot detection (0.52; 0.41–0.64), while fair agreement was observed between FEC and ELISA (0.28; 0.19–0.37). Our latent class analyses identified a higher diagnostic sensitivity for the ELISA (0.92; 95 % CrI [credible interval] 0.86–0.96) than FEC (0.43; 0.34–0.53) and milk spot detection (0.86; 0.79–0.92). A strong association was observed between ELISA outcomes (optical density [OD] and OD ratio [ODr]) and milk spot grades (low, medium, high), with higher OD and ODr values corresponding to an increased number of milk spots on the liver. This study highlights the limitations of conventional <em>A. suum</em> detection methods. Quantitative estimates of the diagnostic sensitivity of the ELISA facilitate its use as a tool for assessing <em>A. suum</em> exposure in pig herds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 106396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}