Urology Journal最新文献

{"title":"Ultra-mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (UM-PCNL) with a Semi-rigid Ureteroscope in Preschool Children: An Innovative Experience in Southern Iran.","authors":"Mohammad Mehdi Hosseini, Ali Eslahi, Fatemeh Masjedi, Sohail Ahmed, Seyed Sajjad Tabei, Mohammad Reza Abedini","doi":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8084","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has undergone extensive modification to reduce complications. One of the recent advances in minimally invasive procedures is the advent of ultra-mini PCNL (UM-PCNL), which provides miniaturized access to the kidney. However, the specific instruments applied in UM-PCNL may not be found in centers with limited resources. This study evaluated the safety, feasibility, results, and short-term complication rates of performing UM-PCNL using a semi-rigid ureteroscope in preschool children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between September 2013 and September 2021, a total of 68 patients, including 42 boys and 26 girls with a mean age of 3.2 ± 2.4 years, underwent UM-PCNL with a 4.5French tip ureteroscope instead of an ultra-mini nephroscope in children aged less than 7 years old. The procedure was done under general anesthesia in the prone position. The nephrostomy tract was dilated to 12F. Stones were fragmented using a pneumatic lithotripter. Irrigation was done with normal saline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The early stone-free rate (SFR) was 91%, and the short-term total SFR was 97%. No statistically significant difference was found in pre-operative and post-operative Hb, BUN, Cr, Na+, and K+. Fever (11 patients) and ileus (5 patients) constituted the majority of complications, and only one patient required a blood transfusion. None of the cases undergoing UM-PCNL with this method required a re-do PCNL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our experience shows that with sufficient experience in handling semi-rigid ureteroscopes, urologists practicing in centers with limited resources could perform UM-PCNL with relatively favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141306879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentially Expressed Blood ARLNC1 in Combination with PCA3/PSA has Reassuring Clinical Applications in the Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in Iranians: A pilot study.","authors":"Nasser Simforoosh, Azadeh Arabi, Mahan Mohammadi, Farkhondeh Pouresmaeili, Bahman Jamali, Mehdi Azizmohammad Looha","doi":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8144","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Prostate cancer (PCA) is the second most common malignancy in Western countries. Long non-coding RNAs are new markers in disease diagnosis. Our aim of this study was to investigate liquid biopsy biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity for early diagnosis of PCA patients in Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Blood specimens were collected from 29 PCA, 32 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), and 29 control (CTRL) individuals. Real-time PCR analyzed expression amounts of PSA, ARLNC1, UCA1, and PCA3. The ROC curve (receiver operating characteristic curve) analysis evaluated the diagnostic power of the examined molecules for PCA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant upregulation of PCA3 in PCA and BPH groups compared to the controls (p values for PCA3=< 0.001 and BPH vs. CTRL = 0.0015) while there was no significant difference between PCA and BPH individuals. A significant upregulation of ARLNC1 was seen in BPH group compared to the controls (p value = 0.0042). Also, PCA3 expression level showed a significant relationship with prostate volume. There was no significant difference in UCA1 and PSA expression levels among the three groups (> 0.05). The PCA3/PSA ratio was significantly increased in PCA and BPH individuals vs. the CTRL group with high sensitivity and specificity. The gene expression of PCA3 and ARLNC1 in the BPH group showed a significant relationship with age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings showed that in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, measuring the expression of PCA3, PSA, and ARLNC1 genes is necessary to determine the health, benign, or cancerous status of patients' prostate. Also, selecting the PCA3/PSA ratio provides a new approach for diagnosing this cancer if confirmed in a larger clinical sample size and functional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Graft Function and Decreased Post-transplantation Urinary Tract Infection after Azithromycin Dosing to Donors: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Mojtaba Teimoori, Gholamreza Mokhtari, Siavash Falahatkar, Masoud Khosravi, Majid Momeni Moghaddam, Zahra Taheri","doi":"10.22037/uj.v22i.7988","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v22i.7988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The rising trend of End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients requiring dialysis or transplantation needs a more therapeutic plan. As the best strategy for ESRD patients, kidney transplantation still needs outcome improvement. Macrolide drugs display antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties in chronic disease and intraoperatively and can concentrate in tissues for extended periods. Hence, theoretically, the drug prescription to the donor and accumulation in the kidney can cause graft immunomodulation and improve kidney transplantation outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>This double-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted on 62 eligible kidney donors randomly allocated to the azithromycin or placebo group and treated with a single dose (one gram) one day before surgery. The primary outcome was kidney graft function, and secondary outcomes included rejection rate, urinary tract infections in graft recipients, pain and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in live donors, and complications in donors and recipients. Outcomes were measured at baseline and every day in the first week after transplantation in both live donors and recipients and 30 and 90 days after transplantation. The adverse events were recorded as well.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The mean age was 39 (SD, 13) years; 40% were women, and 11.6% were diabetic. Mean creatinine was 6.11 mL/min/1.73m2. Most patients in both arms were male (61.3%) and in early middle age. Hypertension was the most common cause of ESRD. Azithromycin could reduce the rejection rate in the first few days after kidney transplantation. Inflammatory mediators were lower in the azithromycin group, and fewer cases of urinary tract infection were found in the azithromycin group (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Azithromycin reduces adverse outcomes and enhances graft function. It would offer an intervention that is easy to use and economical, lowering post-transplant risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":"22 2","pages":"89-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tele-urology in the Era of COVID-19: An Experience of the Reconstructive Urology Department in Iran.","authors":"Jalil Hosseini, Amir Hossein Eslami, Shahrzad Nematollahi, Rayka Sharifian, Arezoo Sheikh Milani, Alireza Fatemi","doi":"10.22037/uj.v20i.8096","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v20i.8096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>None.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"114-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140140793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epididimal Cyst in Children: A Single-Institutional Experience.","authors":"Onursal Varlikli, Mustafa Alper Akay, Semih Metin, Mehmet Akif Cankorur, Yonca Anik","doi":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8003","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Simple epididymal cysts (EC) are rare in childhood and are mostly diagnosed at puberty. Although there is no consensus on the treatment, a conservative approach is generally preferred. To evaluate patients diagnosed with EC at our clinic in terms of presenting symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment methods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data of patients treated for epididymal cysts at our institution between March 2012 and March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed in terms of age, symptomatology, diagnostic method, treatment method, and outcomes. In all cases, the diagnosis of EC was based on physical examination with scrotal ultrasonography (US) confirmation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1829 patients underwent scrotal Doppler US, and EC was detected in 72 patients (10.7%). The median follow-up period of the 43 patients was 21.7 (6-80 months). Of these, 9 were bilateral (12.5%). The mean age of the patients at presentation was 14.8 years. Forty-one patients had scrotal pain, 12 had scrotal swelling, and 19 incidentally had EC. The cysts were between 1.2- 37 mm. Only 3 (4.1%) patients required surgical excision due to persistent pain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EC is a benign lesion, and treatment approaches are usually conservative. Surgical excision is recommended for patients with persistent scrotal pain or an acute scrotum.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142732827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Efficacy of Ureteroscopy through a Flexible Vacuum-Assisted Ureteral Access Sheath with Tubeless-mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for the Treatment of 2-3 cm Renal Calculi.","authors":"Guanyun Deng, Kehua Jiang, Qing Wang, Wenbing Lu, Kunyuan Huang, Fa Sun","doi":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/uj.v22i.8368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the efficacy of the flexible vacuum-assisted ureteral access sheath (FV-UAS) combined with disposable flexible ureteroscope (FURS) versus tubeless-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy(T-PCNL) in the treatment of renal calculi with a diameter of 2-3 cm.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included 270 patients of renal calculi with a maximum diameter of 2-3 cm treated between January 2022 to July 2024. Of these, 146 cases were treated with single use ureteroscopic lithotripsy through a FV-UAS while 124 cases were treated by tubeless PCNL (T-PCNL group) through 16F amplatz sheath. Perioperative indicators and postoperative stone-free rates (SFR) were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in the stone free rates（SFRs） between the two surgical methods. Using the criterion of a residual kidney stone diameter less than 4 mm, the SFRs at 3 days postoperatively were compared between the two groups: 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56-2.28, odds ratio (OR) = 1.13, P = .724; the SFRs at 1 month postoperatively were compared: 95% CI: 0.417-2.60, OR = 1.041, P = .931. Using the criterion of a residual kidney stone diameter less than 2 mm, the SFRs at 3 days postoperatively were compared between the two groups: 95% CI: 0.355-1.055, OR = 0.612, P = .076; the SFRs at 1 month postoperatively were compared: 95% CI: 0.374-1.320, OR =.703, P = .271. There was no significant difference in the incidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and the need for postoperative analgesia between the two groups (P=0.813, P=0.839, respectively). The surgical duration in the FV-UAS group was significantly longer (P<0.001). The decrease in postoperative hemoglobin(Hb) levels and hospital stay in the FV-UAS group were significantly lower than those in the T-PCNL group (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For treating 2-3 cm renal calculi, both FV-UAS with disposable ureteroscope and 16F tubeless PCNL yield high stone-free rates. FV-UAS-assisted FURS reduces bleeding and hospital stay, whereas 16F tubeless PCNL shortens surgery duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Functions in Men with Congenital Bilateral Absence of the Vas Deferens: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study with Fertile Men.","authors":"Emre Can Akinsal, Numan Baydilli, Halil Tosun, Emrah Kızılay, Gökhan Sönmez","doi":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8242","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the sexual and psychological conditions of men with Bilateral Congenital Bilateral Absence of the Vas Deferens (CBAVD), a rare condition that contributes to male infertility, and compare it with healthy fertile men.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 52 patients with CBAVD and 66 healthy, fertile men who attended our infertility and andrology clinic were included in the study. Patients with cognitive impairments, language barriers, significant comorbidities, or a history of urogenital surgery were excluded. Reproductive hormone levels and semen volumes were evaluated. In addition, sexual status was investigated with validated questionnaires such as the International Index of Erectile Function, Male Sexual Health Questionnaire, Arabic Index of Premature Ejaculation, Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool, and Premature Ejaculation Profile.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the CBAVD group, median total testosterone, FSH, LH levels, and semen volume were 401 ng/dL, 3.9 mIU/ml, 3.9 mIU/ml, and 0.9 ml, respectively. These parameters were 376 (ng/dL), 4.8 mIU/ml, 5 mIU/ml, and 3 ml in the control group. Semen volume was significantly lower in CBAVD men (p < 0.001). Questionnaires assessing erectile and ejaculatory function have shown that there was no significant difference between the CBAVD and control groups in terms of erectile function, orgasmic function, and sexual relationship satisfaction. However, sexual desire (p = 0.006) and overall satisfaction (p = 0.028) were found to be higher in the CBAVD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that CBAVD may not be a direct etiological factor for erectile dysfunction or premature ejaculation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Comparative Study on the Application Value of Transperineal Prostate Combined Biopsy and Transrectal Prostate Systematic Biopsy in Diagnosing Prostate Cancer in Patients with Different PSA Zones.","authors":"Hailuo Wang, Hao Wang, Wen Gao, Peng Xu, Jingkai Wang, Hao Xu, Deng Pan, Yuyang Ma, Ruoran Zhang, Peiyong Zhang, Kun Pang","doi":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8275","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effects of transperineal prostate combined biopsy (TP-CB) and transrectal prostate systematic biopsy (TR-SB) on the detection rate and safety of prostate cancer in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) gray zone, PSA levels of 10~20 ng/mL, and 20~40 ng/mL, and explore the comparative value of their applications.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We collected 243 samples from patients with PSA ≤ 40 ng/mL who underwent prostate biopsy. All patients were divided into two groups according to different patterns of prostate biopsy. The detection rates of prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer (CsPCa) in patients with PSA levels of 4~10,10~20, and 20~40 ng/mL were compared between two different biopsy methods, surgical conditions, and the incidence of complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of a positive prostate cancer biopsy was significantly higher in TP-CB than in TR-SB (P < 0.05). Further subgroup analyses revealed no statistical significance in the rate of positive prostate cancer biopsy in patients with PSA levels of 4~10 and 20~40 ng/mL between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, patients with PSA levels of 10~20 ng/mL in the TP-CB group exhibited a higher detection rate (P < 0.05), with CsPCa accounting for a higher proportion. The TP-CB and TR-SB groups did not exhibit a significant difference in surgical conditions or overall complication rates (P > 0.05). However, the TR-SB group exhibited a higher risk of postoperative febrile infection than the TP-CB group (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For patients with PSA in the 'sub-gray zone' (10~20 ng/mL), TP-CB has a better diagnostic and application value and is more suitable for clinical promotion.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of 3D Modeling of S-fusion software on Positive surgical Margins in Patients who Underwent Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy: A Randomized Prospective Study.","authors":"Ural Oguz, Tümay Bekçi, Ercan Öğreden, Serdar Aslan, Birgül Tok, Doğan Sabri Tok, Safa Akyol, Ertürk Altun, Erhan Demirelli","doi":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8218","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of using three-dimensional (3D) modeling before the surgery on positive surgical margins (PSM) in patients who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective data analysis of 81 patients who underwent RRP between April 2021 and December 2023 was performed. Patients were randomized into 2 groups. In \"3D group\" (n:41), patients were evaluated by the surgeon and radiologist by using a 3D modeling of the mpMRI images which were done by two experienced radiologists just before the surgery. In \"non-3D group\" (n:40), the surgeon evaluated the mpMRI scans and reports by himself without a 3D modeling of the mpMRI before the operation. Finally, positive surgical margins of two groups were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 66.7 ± 5.2 and 65.3±4.9 years in 3D group and non-3D group, respectively. (p = .65) Preoperative PSA value, prostate volume, preoperative PIRADS 4 and PIRADS 5 scores, postoperative ISUP grades and T stages were statistically similar in both groups. (p > .05) The PSM rate was 24 (29.6%) in the overall patient population. PSM was detected in 6 (14.6%) and 18 (45%) of the patients in 3D group and non-3D group, respectively. (p = .005) Conclusion: Using a 3D modeling of the mpMRI images before the surgery decreased the PSM rates after radical retropubic prostatectomy. The present study also reveals the importance of collaboration between radiologists and urologists in the accurate preoperative evaluation of prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to Reach Stone-free Status in Children Undergoing Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery.","authors":"Süleyman Tagcı, Gökhan Demirtaş, Bilge Karabulut, Hüseyin Tugrul Tiryaki","doi":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8270","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v21i.8270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Retrograde intrarenal surgery has become increasingly popular for renal stone disease but has very different stone-free rates in children. There is insufficient data in the literature regarding how long it takes to reach a stone-free status in children after retrograde intrarenal surgery. We aimed to evaluate the time to reach stone-free status and stone-free rates (SFR) in children who underwent retrograde intrarenal surgery.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included children who had undergone retrograde intrarenal surgery. Ultrasonography was performed three months after the procedures for 18 months to evaluate stone clearance. We analyzed the stone-free rate and time to reach stone-free status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and five patients (mean age 6.66 + 5.27 years) were evaluated. Fifteen patients had staghorn stones, 31 had multiple stones, and 44 had single stones. The median follow-up period was 29 months (9-44 months) Of the 90 patients who underwent RIRS as the first treatment option, 38 (42.2%) achieved stone-free status with a single procedure, while 30 (33.3%) required repeat RIRS and other procedures.The stone-free rate was achieved in 75.5% of the patients in a mean of 12.25+40.19 months, In the group with staghorn stones, stone-free status was achieved in 4-36 months with a mean of 16.85+12.03 months, in patients with multiple stones in 2-41 months with a mean of 12.72+10.03 months, and in patients with single stones in 1-36 months with a mean of 10.23+9.10 months. Although the staghorn group achieved stone-free time for longer than the other two groups, there was no significant relationship between the three groups (P = .131) and achieved stone-free time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A stone-free status can be achieved in children 12 months after retrograde intrarenal surgery. Since stone-free status is achieved over a long period, patient follow-ups should be planned accordingly, and there should be no rush to perform additional interventions in asymptomatic cases with residual stones.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}