{"title":"Diagnosis with transition faults on embedded segments","authors":"Theodoros Toulas, S. Tragoudas","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046173","url":null,"abstract":"A method is presented that guides diagnosis using multiple transition faults on sensitized embedded segments. Suspect faults are eliminated with non-enumerative operations and non-pruned faults are ranked. The approach also considers speed-ups on gates. Experimental results demonstrate the scalability of the proposed approach and its effectiveness in fault diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128112869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Nofal, A. Evans, A. He, G. Guo, Yuanqing Li, Li Chen, R. Liu, Haibin Wang, Mo Chen, S. Baeg, Shi-Jie Wen, R. Wong
{"title":"BPPT — Bulk potential protection technique for hardened sequentials","authors":"I. Nofal, A. Evans, A. He, G. Guo, Yuanqing Li, Li Chen, R. Liu, Haibin Wang, Mo Chen, S. Baeg, Shi-Jie Wen, R. Wong","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046194","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a method for hardening memory and sequential cells against soft errors. The effect of the ionizing particle on the bulk potential is exploited to prevent the induced SET from propagating in the circuit. The proposed method requires a minimum number of extra transistors. The solution is applied to D Flip-Flop design, and alpha and heavy-ions test results are presented.","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122962550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation-based analysis of FF behavior in presence of power supply noise","authors":"Y. Miura, Takuya Yamamoto","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046211","url":null,"abstract":"In accordance with shrinking of device sizes and the low-power design of VLSI circuits, power supply noises such as IR-drop affects the operation of SRAM memory cells. Error occurrences in SRAM have already been reported, and several countermeasures have been proposed. It is likely that further device shrinking and lower-power design will cause errors similar to those in SRAM for FF circuits, and countermeasures will be needed. In this paper, we analyze the effect of power supply noises on FF circuits and investigate the cause of error occurrences. On the basis of the analysis results, we propose countermeasures for FF malfunctions caused by power supply noise.","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123132108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SICTA: A superimposed in-circuit fault tolerant architecture for SRAM-based FPGAs","authors":"Alexandra Kourfali, Amit Kulkarni, D. Stroobandt","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046168","url":null,"abstract":"Reassuring fault tolerance in computing systems that contain FPGA devices is the most important problem for mission critical space components. With the rise in interest of commercial SRAM-based FPGAs, it is crucial to provide runtime reconfigurable recovery from a failure. In this paper, we propose a superimposed virtual coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture, embedded with on-demand three level fault-mitigation technique. The proposed method performs run-time recovery via discrete microscrubbing. This approach can provide up to 3× faster runtime recovery with 10.2× less resources in FPGA devices, by providing integrated layers of fault mitigation.","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122643041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design of efficient error resilience in signal processing and control systems: From algorithms to circuits","authors":"J. Abraham, Suvadeep Banerjee, A. Chatterjee","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046241","url":null,"abstract":"The proliferation of cyber physical systems in society, from the smart grid to sensor networks and robots has raised the importance of error resilience in signal processing and control systems to unprecedented levels. Resilience to errors in sensing and control algorithm execution in processors all the way down to circuits for sensing and actuation is of critical importance in safety-critical applications where undetected errors can have disastrous consequences. In this presentation, we describe how ideas in the domain of algorithm-based fault tolerance developed in the mid-80s for signal processing and matrix computations can be applied to a vast domain of circuits and systems in electrical engineering; from digital and analog filters to complex nonlinear autonomous control systems. The key insight is that electrical systems can be fundamentally represented by linear and nonlinear differential equations with equivalent matrix representations. These representations can be encoded with extra check states that bear a known relationship with all the observable states of the system independent of the system driving inputs. By checking for the validity of this relationship, errors can be detected and mitigated in real-time with near-zero latency with minimal hardware overhead. The broad vision of the proposed methodology is illustrated with examples from different electrical engineering domains.","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124735778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Variation tolerant BTI monitoring in SRAM cells","authors":"Yiorgos Sfikas, Y. Tsiatouhas","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046203","url":null,"abstract":"Transistor aging, due to Bias-Temperature Instability (BTI) is a serious concern in Static Random Access Memories (SRAMs). Under BTI stress an SRAM cell becomes increasingly skewed, which in turn affects its performance characteristics and consequently the memory reliability. In this paper, a variation tolerant technique for the periodic monitoring of the BTI influence on SRAM cells is presented. Periodic aging monitoring provides the ability to predict oncoming failures in the memory operation and react early to avoid them. The proposed scheme is based on the duty cycle monitoring of a low cost differential ring oscillator that can be easily embedded in a typical SRAM without affecting the normal mode of operation.","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"17 9-10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131400130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. A. Miranda, A. Vaskova, M. Portela-García, M. García-Valderas, C. López-Ongil
{"title":"On-line testing of sensor networks: A case study","authors":"J. A. Miranda, A. Vaskova, M. Portela-García, M. García-Valderas, C. López-Ongil","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046218","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Networks are nowadays employed in several applications. Cyber-physical systems, health-care instruments and Internet of Things are using hundreds of smart sensors, which include also processing capability together with sophisticated communication protocols. The presence of faults in these critical applications must be checked during runtime, to detect transient and permanent faults that could seriously affect the entire system dependability and endanger human users. Continuous checking has been proven as inefficient in many cases, due to the low degrees of observability and controllability and to the limited life time of batteries. Even, on-line testing is often unable to report the presence of internal errors, which can remain latent during long times. In this paper, a proposal is presented for improving the on-line testability of the different type of nodes in a WSN, saving energy and tracking error from their origin.","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133380233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temporal redundancy latch-based architecture for soft error mitigation","authors":"Robert Schmidt, A. Ortiz, G. Fey","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046245","url":null,"abstract":"Current transients caused by energetic particle strikes are a serious threat for digital circuits in aerospace applications. Such single-event transients (SETs) can corrupt the circuit state, with possibly devastating consequences. Although it is possible to protect circuits with spatial redundancy techniques, the area and power overhead is high. Therefore aerospace circuits would benefit from adopting temporal redundancy instead, but existing solutions prioritize performance over reliability. Our proposed temporal redundancy latch-based architecture (TRLA) is a standard cell, static CMOS temporal redundancy technique, with area savings of 26%, power savings of 46%, and 14% faster circuit operation compared to triple modular redundancy (TMR).","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131405172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahin Tajik, Julian Fietkau, Heiko Lohrke, Jean-Pierre Seifert, C. Boit
{"title":"PUFMon: Security monitoring of FPGAs using physically unclonable functions","authors":"Shahin Tajik, Julian Fietkau, Heiko Lohrke, Jean-Pierre Seifert, C. Boit","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046216","url":null,"abstract":"Mainstream FPGAs and programmable SoCs employ different countermeasures during configuration and runtime to mitigate physical attacks. However, it has been demonstrated that sophisticated active attack techniques, such as laser voltage probing, can still bypass the bitstream protections during the configuration phase. On the other hand, although the security monitoring IP cores provided by FPGA vendors can ensure the physical security during the runtime of applications, they are unable to detect such attacks during configuration. In this work, we propose a novel approach to using PUFs as physical sensors to monitor the integrity of FPGAs against active attacks. Small modifications in existing PUF architectures enable us to design a PUF-based security scheme, which can be deployed for integrity monitoring and authentication/key generation at the same time. We evaluate the effectiveness of our framework against a range of powerful attacks, such as optical probing and fault attacks. We further discuss how this scheme can be deployed during bitstream configuration in FPGAs with partial reconfiguration capability.","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130403124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design-time reliability evaluation for digital circuits","authors":"Mohamed A. Abufalgha, A. Bystrov","doi":"10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IOLTS.2017.8046196","url":null,"abstract":"A new method of evaluating the reliability of combinational circuits is proposed, this method uses two levels of characterisation: a Stochastic Fault Model (SFM) of the component library and a design-specific Critical Vector Model (CVM). The idea is to move the high-complexity problem of stochastic characterisation of parameters into the generic part of the design process, and do it just once for a great number of the specific designs. The SFM captures variations of the vector of parameters of a library component fault model, those causing a transient fault at the component output; it is meant to be supplied by the foundry, similar to timing library files. The CVM is derived by a limited number of simulation runs on the specific design, and represents the boundary between the erroneous and error-free operation, w.r.t. the vector of parameters of each component. The probability of error-free operation is subsequently calculated by jointly using SFM and CVM. The method is demonstrated on a chain of inverters for simplicity, and subsequently applied to a 3-bit full adder. A complex three-way trade-off between energy, performance and reliability is explored. The method is meant to serve as a basis for design-time reliability evaluation and runtime power-reliability management. A slow stage is added to the circuit under test to improve its reliability.","PeriodicalId":233462,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114787985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}