Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease最新文献

{"title":"Asymptomatic Pneumococcal Carriage, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Associated Risk Factors Among Paediatric Healthcare Workers in Benin.","authors":"Chakir Ishola Bello, Cyriaque Comlan Degbey, Yves Eric Denon, Adolphe Adjanonhoun, Lamine Baba-Moussa","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090263","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthcare professionals (HCPs) working in paediatric settings are routinely exposed to respiratory pathogens, increasing their risk of asymptomatic colonisation by meningitis-associated bacteria. This study is the first to assess oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal carriage of major bacterial meningitis pathogens among paediatric HCPs in Benin, and to identify associated risk factors. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in nine hospitals between 1 September 2023 and 30 September 2024. Data collection involved a structured questionnaire and paired oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs. Culture-based identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed according to CA-SFM guidelines. By culture method, <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> was the most frequently isolated pathogen, mainly from oropharyngeal samples (47.5%). Most of these strains exhibited multidrug resistance. In nasopharyngeal samples analysed by real-time PCR, detection rates for <i>S. pneumoniae</i> were markedly higher (24.4%) compared to culture (5.0%), highlighting the limited sensitivity of conventional methods in detecting asymptomatic carriage. Pneumococcal colonisation was significantly associated with recent respiratory tract infections, and residence in high-risk areas (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These findings underscore the need for enhanced molecular surveillance, along with strengthened infection control measures and targeted vaccination strategies, to mitigate the risk of horizontal transmission in paediatric wards.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Praziquantel Pretreatment Reduces <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> Infection in Mice by Targeting Immature Worm Stages.","authors":"Xiang Gui, Rongxue Lv, Haoran Zhong, Hao Li, Ke Lu, Zhiqiang Fu, Yamei Jin, Jinming Liu","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090262","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schistosomiasis remains a significant public health concern, with <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> infection endemic in certain regions of Asia. Praziquantel (PZQ), primarily known as an effective therapeutic agent, has recently shown potential as a prophylactic measure against delayed <i>S. japonicum</i> infections. This study investigated the preventive efficacy of PZQ pretreatment at varying cercarial infection intensities and determined the parasite developmental stages targeted by the pretreatment in a mouse model. Results demonstrated that PZQ pretreatment significantly reduced both worm burdens and liver egg counts at low (10 and 20 cercariae) and high (100 cercariae) infection intensities, with reductions in worm burdens ranging from approximately 48% to 60% and liver egg counts by 47% to 73% compared to control groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Further analysis revealed that the mortality of parasites in PZQ-pretreated mice predominantly occurred during the juvenile schistosomula stages, particularly in worms younger than 15 days post-infection. These findings provide critical evidence supporting the application of PZQ pretreatment as a practical prophylactic measure to prevent <i>S. japonicum</i> infections, particularly in populations and animals frequently exposed to contaminated water in endemic areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Malaria with <i>Plasmodium vivax</i>: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature.","authors":"Ákos Vince Andrejkovits, Adrian Vlad Pop, Magdolna Fejér, Elena Cristina Gîrbovan, Răzvan Lucian Coșeriu, Camelia Vintilă, Anca Meda Văsieșiu","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090261","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Recurrent malaria refers to repeated episodes of the disease in the same individual. <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> is known for its ability to relapse due to dormant liver-stage hypnozoites and poses a particular risk to travelers returning from endemic areas. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent recurrences. <b>Case Presentation:</b> We present the case of a 41-year-old man from Romania who developed <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> malaria after traveling through Southeast Asia without chemoprophylaxis. He presented with fever, chills, myalgia, headache, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Clinical findings included mild jaundice and slight neurological signs. Laboratory tests showed severe thrombocytopenia, elevated bilirubin, inflammatory markers, and borderline creatinine levels. Malaria was confirmed by a rapid diagnostic test and blood smear microscopy. The patient was treated with doxycycline and atovaquone-proguanil. He improved and was discharged, but experienced two relapses, both confirmed as <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> by RT-PCR. Despite receiving primaquine as radical cure after the first <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> malaria relapse, a second relapse occurred. Each episode was managed with blood-stage antimalarial therapy, leading to full clinical and biological recovery. <b>Conclusions:</b> Malaria rarely occurs in non-endemic areas; it should be considered in patients with compatible travel history and symptoms. Given the high relapse potential of <i>Plasmodium vivax</i>, accurate species identification is critical to guide appropriate long-term management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of an Online Survey for Pertussis Case Investigations in Regional Queensland: Impacts on Workload and Disease Trends.","authors":"Ho Yeung Lam, Arifuzzaman Khan, Matthew O'Bryan, Michelle Jones, Josette Chor","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090260","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2024, a significant pertussis surge in Queensland, Australia, strained public health resources. To improve investigation efficiency, the Wide Bay Public Health Unit introduced an online survey for pertussis cases on 1 August 2024, which collected data and provided automated health advice. This retrospective evaluation assessed survey acceptance and staff workload. A controlled interrupted time series (ITS) analysis compared pertussis incidence in the intervention region against a control group of four other de-identified regional hospital and health services in Queensland where the survey was not implemented. Of the 298 eligible cases, 140 responded (47.0%); a total of 67.9% of these required no further staff follow-up, a subgroup for whom time savings were statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The ITS analysis for the total population revealed a significant 4.9% weekly reduction in the notification trend compared to the control group (Rate Ratio: 0.95, <i>p</i> = 0.001), with a non-significant immediate level change. The online survey is a practical and effective tool for pertussis investigation in a regional setting. It is associated with significant workload efficiencies and a favourable, statistically significant impact on community disease transmission trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operational Research Improves Compliance with Treatment Guidelines for Empirical Management of Urinary Tract Infection: A Before-and-After Study from a Primary Health Facility in Ghana.","authors":"Elizabeth Boateng, Helena Owusu, Pruthu Thekkur, George Kwesi Hedidor, Oksana Corquaye, Mercy N A Opare-Addo, Florence Amah Nkansah, Priscilla Vandyck-Sey, Daniel Ankrah, Charles Nii Kwadee Ofei-Palm","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090259","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Compliance with standard treatment guidelines (STGs) for the empirical management of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) ensures the rational use of antibiotics and mitigates antimicrobial resistance. Operational research (OR) at Korle Bu Polyclinic in Ghana (2022) showed suboptimal STG compliance (prescription of recommended antibiotics in the correct dose, route, frequency, and duration). Some of the recommendations from the OR, including training of medical residents, implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship team, and an audit-feedback system, were implemented. This before-and-after study compared the changes in empirical prescribing practices for patients diagnosed with uncomplicated UTIs before (October 2019-October 2021) and after (January 2023-December 2024) the OR. Of the 3717 and 3457 UTI patients in the before and after cohorts, 83% and 86% received empirical antibiotics, respectively. Among those who received empirical antibiotics, STG compliance increased from 60% to 66% (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001). However, STG compliance remained significantly lower among males (18%) compared to females (85%) in the after cohort, as 80% of males were prescribed antibiotics for a shorter period than the recommended 10-14 days. Moving forward, the training and audit-feedback system should emphasize longer antibiotic durations for males with UTI. Given its positive impact, the OR's approach warrants replication for other disease conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Screening Rates of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infections in Adult Patients with Solitary Organ Tumors.","authors":"Seyhmus Abakay, Hüseyin Döngelli, Nilay Danış, Halil İbrahim Ellez, Göksel Bengi, Tuğba Yavuzşen, Hüseyin Salih Semiz","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090258","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain significant global public health issues despite advances in their diagnosis and treatment. Our country is in a medium endemic region for HBV. Reactivation can occur during or after immunosuppressive therapy. Therefore, screening patients before treatment is crucial to prevent reactivation. However, pretreatment screening is often insufficiently emphasized in studies. This study aimed to assess the incidence of HBV and pretreatment screening rates in patients with solid organ tumors at our center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients aged over 18 years who were treated for solid organ tumors at our center between January 2016 and January 2022. Data on age, sex, histopathological diagnosis, and serological parameters were retrospectively collected. Appropriate HBV screening was defined as the assessment of HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc IgG levels prior to the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our study, HBsAg testing was requested for 13.3% of the patients, and anti-HCV testing was requested for 13.3%. Among the patients screened for HBV and HCV, the prevalence rates of HBV and HCV infection were 3.3% and 1%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings reveal inadequate screening rates for HBV and HCV among patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Increasing awareness about screening and implementing regular educational programs are crucial to protect patients from reactivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal Myiasis Mimicking Allergic Rhinitis in Immunocompetent Adults: Case Series of 14 Adults.","authors":"Sameh Mezri, Mohamed Anas Ammar, Latifa Mtibaa, Sleheddine Mnasria, Chiraz Halwani, Khemaies Akkari","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090257","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human nasal myiasis is a rare zoonotic infection caused by <i>Oestrus ovis</i> with a non-specific clinical presentation that can mimic more common conditions such as allergic rhinitis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report a series of nasal myiasis cases in immunocompetent individuals, emphasizing the clinical presentation and complementary investigations (endoscopic findings, parasitological identification, skin prick tests, and imaging studies) that facilitate differential diagnosis from allergic rhinitis and enable early treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study including cases of nasal myasis diagnosed and managed at the ENT department of the Military Hospital of Tunis over an 18-year period (2007-2025). Demographic, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic data were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 43 years, with a female predominance. Most patients presented with acute rhinological symptoms initially suggestive of allergic rhinitis. Nasal endoscopy revealed larvae in 79% of cases with parasitological confirmation of <i>Oestrus ovis</i>. Facial CT scans performed in five cases (36%) were unremarkable. Management consisted of multiple daily nasal saline irrigations and albendazole, in association with oral corticosteroids and antihistamines, resulting in symptom resolution within an average of 4 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nasal myiasis should be considered in atypical or treatment-resistant rhinitis. Nasal endoscopy is essential for diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Backyard Livestock Guinea Pigs Are Reservoirs for <i>Leptospira</i> Shedding in Rural Households from Ecuador.","authors":"Mauricio Xavier Salas-Rueda, Fabricio Dugllay-Montaleza, Darwin Paredes-Núñez, Katherine Natalia Chávez Toledo, Angel Sebastián Rodríguez-Pazmiño, Elsy Carvajal, Maria Belen Paredes-Espinosa, Patricia Peralta-Ortiz, Jairo Guama-Tipas, Juan Pablo Garzon, Alexandra Narvaez, Solon Alberto Orlando, Miguel Angel Garcia-Bereguiain","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090256","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Guinea pigs (<i>Cavia porcellus</i>) are bred as livestock in South American countries from the Andean region, including Ecuador. Despite their importance for the local rural economy, no public health management guidelines have ever been implemented for guinea pig farming. Moreover, several reports have shown the carriage of diverse zoonotic pathogens in livestock guinea pigs, including respiratory and enteric pathogens, or <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>. Leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria from <i>Leptospira</i> genus, is endemic in Ecuador and has multiple animal reservoirs, with rodents considered to be the main vector for transmission to humans. However, the role of livestock guinea pigs in the epidemiology of leptospirosis is poorly understood. In this study, the prevalence of antibodies against <i>Leptospira</i> in guinea pigs from Ecuador was analyzed with the Microaglutiantion Test (MAT). Moreover, the shedding of Leptospira by backyard livestock guinea pigs was also addressed, analyzing fecal and urine samples by qPCR for <i>lipL32</i>, <i>secY</i> and <i>rrs</i> genes. From the 118 guinea pigs analyzed by MAT, 61.9% were positive for 19 different pathogenic serovars, with Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona, Castellonis and Bataviae being the most prevalent ones. From the 231 urine samples and 225 fecal samples collected, 27.7% and 78.7% were positive for <i>Leptospira</i> by qPCR, respectively. Our results highlight the role of livestock guinea pigs as a reservoir for leptospirosis. Moreover, this study underscores the zoonotic threat associated with the shedding of <i>Leptospira</i> within households in rural communities where guinea pigs are bred as livestock. Animal and public health guidelines from a One Health perspective must be implemented to prevent leptospirosis transmission from guinea pigs in Ecuador and other countries in the Andean Region where the breeding of backyard livestock guinea pigs is common.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> in Korhogo Health District, Northern Côte d'Ivoire.","authors":"Edjronké M A Benié, Carla Beuret, Annina Schnoz, Sara L Cantoreggi, Xavier C Ding, Kigbafori D Silué, Christian Nsanzabana","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090255","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> population genetic diversity is crucial to assess the impact of malaria control interventions. This study investigated <i>P. falciparum</i> genetic diversity using merozoite surface protein 1 (<i>msp1</i>), <i>msp2</i> and glutamate-rich protein (<i>glurp</i>) in Korhogo district, Northern Côte d'Ivoire. DNA was extracted from dried blood spots (DBSs) collected in the health district of Korhogo between 2019 and 2020. The <i>msp1</i>, <i>msp2</i>, and <i>glurp</i> genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and amplicon sizes were determined by capillary electrophoresis. Out of 179 samples randomly selected and genotyped, 82% were successfully amplified for <i>msp1</i>, 85% for <i>msp2</i>, and 75% for <i>glurp</i>. For <i>msp1</i>, the K1 allelic family had 20 genotypes, MAD20 had 23, and RO33 had only one genotype. For <i>msp2</i>, there were 59 and 33 genotypes for 3D7 and FC27, respectively, and for <i>glurp</i>, 45 genotypes were detected. The parasite population was highly diverse with an expected heterozygosity (H_E) of ≥0.9 for all 3 markers. Our study showed high genetic diversity of <i>msp1</i>, <i>msp2</i>, and <i>glurp</i> in <i>P. falciparum</i> isolates from Korhogo district, Northern Côte d'Ivoire. These data could provide baseline information on <i>P. falciparum</i> genetic diversity for further epidemiological studies, needed to assess interventions implemented in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seropositivity for Pathogenic <i>Leptospira</i> in Dogs, Cats, and Horses at a Teaching Veterinary Hospital in Southern Chile.","authors":"Lucía Azócar-Aedo, Gloria Meniconi, Carolina Pino-Olguín, María Gallardo","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090253","DOIUrl":"10.3390/tropicalmed10090253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At a veterinary hospital in southern Chile, we conducted an epidemiological study involving domestic dogs, cats, and horses to determine the seropositivity for pathogenic <i>Leptospira</i> spp., identify the infecting serogroups, measure antibody titers, and characterize seropositive animals by sex and age. None of the sampled animals showed clinical signs of leptospirosis. The microscopic agglutination test, using a panel of eight serogroups, was used for diagnosis. The seropositivity was 36.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 24.5-48.4) in dogs, 12.9% (95% CI = 2.6-23.1) in cats, and 45.2% (95% CI = 30.1-60.2) in horses. Serological reactions were detected for the Tarassovi and Canicola serogroups in dogs, Sejroe, Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, and Grippotyphosa in horses, and Tarassovi in cats. The most frequent antibody titers were 1:200 and 1:400 in dogs, 1:400 in cats, and 1:800 in horses. The distribution of seropositivity varied by sex and age across different animal species. The seropositivity for pathogenic <i>Leptospira</i> in dogs, cats, and horses attending a veterinary hospital underscores the role of domestic animals as sentinels for zoonotic diseases. This finding has implications for epidemiological surveillance systems in increasing awareness of seropositivity and establishing specific prevention measures to mitigate the risk of leptospirosis transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}