Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease最新文献

{"title":"Navigating the Parasitic Landscape: Insights into Infection Patterns and Public Health Strategies in West Africa.","authors":"Patrick F Ayeh-Kumi, Patience B Tetteh-Quarcoo, Isabella N A Aryee, Peter Nii Apai Baddoo, James Teye Ocansey, Michael Kofi Otoboah","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10050125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10050125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasitic infections remain a significant public health challenge in West Africa, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates, economic burdens, and healthcare system strain. Malaria, soil-transmitted helminths, schistosomiasis, and other parasitic diseases persist due to environmental, socio-economic, and healthcare barriers. A systematic literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct. Studies published between 2014 and 2024 were screened using predefined eligibility criteria. Cross-sectional and case-control studies reporting on prevalence, diagnostic techniques, and treatment of parasitic infections in West Africa were included. The Rayyan online platform was used for screening, and data extraction focused on study location, prevalence rates, diagnostic methods, and treatment regimens. This review identified the high prevalence rates of malaria, schistosomiasis, and soil-transmitted helminths across various West African countries. Co-infections were frequently reported, particularly among children and pregnant women. Diagnostic methods ranged from traditional microscopy to advanced molecular techniques, though accessibility remained a challenge in resource-limited settings. Treatment strategies, including artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria and mass drug administration for helminths, showed varying efficacy due to reinfection risks and emerging drug resistance. Factors influencing transmission included environmental conditions, sanitation practices, socio-economic status, and healthcare access. Parasitic infections in West Africa continue to pose significant health and economic challenges. Integrated control programs, enhanced surveillance systems, improved access to diagnostics and treatment, and targeted public health interventions are essential for reducing disease burden. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term impact of existing interventions and explore innovative solutions for parasite control and elimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"I-We-I\": Visualizing Adolescents' Perceptions and Apprehension to Transition to Adult HIV Care at a Supportive Transition Facility in the Cape Town Metropole, South Africa.","authors":"Charné Petinger, Brian van Wyk, Talitha Crowley","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10050126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10050126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) (10-19 years) make up approximately 4.2% (320,000) of people living with HIV in South Africa. Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by pervasive biological, social and psychological changes, which challenges adherence and retention in care for ALHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Further, as ALHIV grow \"older\", they are expected to transition to the adult HIV treatment programme, where they should assume greater responsibility for managing their chronic condition and healthcare pathway. Whereas it is imperative that ALHIV are transitioned when they are ready, little is known about the challenges and experiences of ALHIV before and during transition. The aim of this paper was to report on the experiences and challenges of transition for ALHIV who received ART at an adolescent-friendly service that is adjunct to a public primary healthcare facility in the Western Cape province of South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Photovoice methods were employed to explore the transition experiences of ALHIV on ART at a \"supportive transition\" public health facility in the Cape Town Metro in South Africa. Participants took pictures that depict their experience pre- and during transition to adult care and discussed these in groups with peers. Audio data were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic analysis using Atlas.Ti version 24.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The emergent themes described their apprehension to transitioning to adult care; self-management; challenges to adherence; the need for psychosocial support; and how adolescent-friendly services were filling the gap.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We illuminate the \"I-We-I\" configuration, to reflect (the first \"I\") individual ALHIV experiences as isolated before being transferred to the supportive facility; how they experience a sense of belonging and family (\"we\") in the supportive facility; but face apprehension about transitioning to adult care in the local clinic, where they have to self-manage (final \"I\").</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Human Fascioliasis in India: Review of Case Reports, Climate Change Impact, and Geo-Historical Correlation Defining Areas and Seasons of High Infection Risk.","authors":"Santiago Mas-Coma, Pablo F Cuervo, Purna Bahadur Chetri, Timir Tripathi, Albis Francesco Gabrielli, M Dolores Bargues","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10050123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10050123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The trematodes <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> and <i>F. gigantica</i> are transmitted by lymnaeid snails and cause fascioliasis in livestock and humans. Human infection is emerging in southern and southeastern Asia. In India, the number of case reports has increased since 1993. This multidisciplinary study analyzes the epidemiological scenario of human infection. The study reviews the total of 55 fascioliasis patients, their characteristics, and geographical distribution. Causes underlying this emergence are assessed by analyzing (i) the climate change suffered by India based on 40-year-data from meteorological stations, and (ii) the geographical fascioliasis hotspots according to archeological-historical records about thousands of years of pack animal movements. The review suggests frequent misdiagnosis of the wide lowland-distributed <i>F. gigantica</i> with <i>F. hepatica</i> and emphasizes the need to obtain anamnesic information about the locality of residence and the infection source. Prevalence appears to be higher in females and in the 30-40-year age group. The time elapsed between symptom onset and diagnosis varied from 10 days to 5 years (mean 9.2 months). Infection was diagnosed by egg finding (in 12 cases), adult finding (28), serology (3), and clinics and image techniques (12). Climate diagrams and the Wb-bs forecast index show higher temperatures favoring the warm condition-preferring main snail vector <i>Radix luteola</i> and a precipitation increase due to fewer rainy days but more days of extreme rainfall, leading to increasing surface water availability and favoring fascioliasis transmission. Climate trends indicate a risk of future increasing fascioliasis emergence, including a seasonal infection risk from June-July to October-November. Geographical zones of high human infection risk defined by archeological-historical analyses concern: (i) the Indo-Gangetic Plains and corridors used by the old Grand Trunk Road and Daksinapatha Road, (ii) northern mountainous areas by connections with the Silk Road and Tea-Horse Road, and (iii) the hinterlands of western and eastern seaport cities involved in the past Maritime Silk Road. Routes and nodes are illustrated, all transhumant-nomadic-pastoralist groups are detailed, and livestock prevalences per state are given. A baseline defining areas and seasons of high infection risk is established for the first time in India. This is henceforth expected to be helpful for physicians, prevention measures, control initiatives, and recommendations for health administration officers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a Real-Time PCR for the Diagnosis of <i>Leishmania</i> Species Using the <i>Hsp20</i> Gene.","authors":"Mayra Maldonado-Aroni, Nyshon Rojas-Palomino, Aide Sandoval-Juarez, Marco Galarza-Pérez, José Alarcón-Guerrero, Rosa Guevara-Montero, Víctor Cárdenas-López","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10050121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10050121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leishmaniasis is a complex neglected tropical disease that impacts public health, particularly in resource-limited populations where access to accurate and timely diagnosis is often limited. Current diagnostic methods, primarily relying on microscopy, suffer from low sensitivity and specificity, hindering effective case management and disease control. The objective of this study was to validate a novel real-time PCR assay targeting the conserved <i>Hsp20</i> gene for the detection of <i>Leishmania</i> spp. We evaluated the performance of the method using two distinct detection systems, such as SYBR Green and TaqMan probes, against a diverse panel of 225 clinical samples confirmed to have the disease. The real-time PCR targeting <i>Hsp20</i> using SYBR Green demonstrated a sensitivity of 88% (95% CI: 83.53-92.47) and 100% specificity. Meanwhile, the TaqMan probe demonstrated a lower sensitivity of 47% (95% CI: 29.53-64.92). The high sensitivity and robust performance of the real-time PCR using SYBR Green establish its potential as a valuable diagnostic tool, particularly useful in endemic regions where rapid and accurate diagnosis is critical for timely treatment and effective disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological and Molecular Characterization of Five <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> (Chagas, 1909) (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) Isolates from the State of Hidalgo, Mexico.","authors":"Yessenia Montes-Vergara, Alberto Antonio-Campos, José Miguel Padilla-Valdez, Erick Abraham Contreras-López, Julio Cesar Noguez-García, Nancy Rivas, Ricardo Alejandre-Aguilar","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10050122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10050122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, the causal agent of Chagas disease, exhibits great genetic diversity, which has been related to its biological properties. However, these are poorly known in strains from the endemic area of Hidalgo. To assess the parasite's virulence, we evaluated parasitemia, mortality, and tropism in thirteen organs of CD1 mice during the acute phase of infection. For genotyping, we amplified the mini-exon gene from <i>T. cruzi</i> DNA using PCR. All five isolates were identified as belonging to DTU TcI. The peak of parasitemia occurred between 25 and 29 days post-infection. The Tultitlán and Olma isolates did not cause any mouse deaths, whereas Ixcatépec produced 100% mortality. Mice infected with the Barrio Hondo isolate exhibited the highest parasitemia, while those infected with Cuatecomaco had the lowest. The five isolates generated varying degrees of infection and chronic inflammation; only two isolates triggered acute pancreatitis and myocarditis. No amastigote nests were found in the hearts of mice infected with the Ixcatépec isolate. Our findings suggest that the damage caused by <i>T. cruzi</i> strains from Hidalgo may extend beyond cardiac lesions in the acute phase of Chagas disease regardless of their classification as TcI and variability in parasitemia levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Outbreak of Multidrug-Resistant <i>Shigella flexneri</i> Serotype 2a Among People Experiencing Homelessness in Vancouver.","authors":"Victor Leung, Gordon Ritchie, Aleksandra Stefanovic, Colin Lee, Sam Chorlton, Nancy Matic, Marc G Romney, Althea Hayden, Christopher F Lowe","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10050120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10050120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: We describe a community-based outbreak of multidrug-resistant <i>Shigella flexneri</i> serotype 2a among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside during the COVID-19 pandemic. <b>Methods</b>: In this observational cohort study, we followed the Outbreak Reports and Intervention Studies of Nosocomial Infection (ORION) reporting guidelines. We identified cases by laboratory surveillance and collected demographic and clinical data from the medical charts or patient interviews. We implemented enhanced surveillance and disseminated testing and management guidelines. <i>Shigella flexneri</i> isolates were serotyped, and whole-genome sequencing was performed. <b>Results</b>: We identified 101 confirmed cases of <i>Shigella flexneri</i> 2a (80% male; median age 43) between 31 January and 16 December 2021. All the affected individuals experienced homelessness, and substance use disorder was the most common comorbidity (88%). Five patients required ICU hospitalization, and one death occurred within 30 days. Core-genome multilocus sequence typing analysis confirmed a clonal outbreak. All <i>S. flexneri</i> isolates were phenotypically and genotypically multidrug-resistant. <b>Conclusions</b>: COVID-19 exacerbated longstanding public health concerns around the dearth of hygiene and sanitation resources available to PEH. Preventing similar outbreaks will require addressing these risks and finding solutions to the crisis of homelessness in Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Ground and Aerial Ultra-Low Volume Applications Using ReMoa Tri Against Deltamethrin-Resistant <i>Aedes aegypti</i> from Collier County, Florida.","authors":"Decyo McDuffie, Sara Kacinskas, Suzanne Li, Casey Parker-Crockett, Keira J Lucas","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10050119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10050119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New intervention methods and product formulations are needed to better control pyrethroid-resistant <i>Aedes aegypti</i> populations and mitigate the risk of mosquito-borne disease. ReMoa Tri is a novel adulticidal space spray that utilizes a different mode of action than the commonly used adulticides: pyrethroids and organophosphates. As a triple-action space spray, ReMoa Tri combines three components: Fenpropathrin, a mixed-type I/II pyrethroid; abamectin, a macrocyclic lactone; and C8910, a patented fatty acid chain. Prior studies performed by Collier Mosquito Control District showed that ReMoa Tri is effective at controlling type I pyrethroid-resistant <i>Ae. aegypti</i> mosquitoes. To further validate these results and the performance of ReMoa Tri, we conducted a semi-field evaluation using ground and aerial ULV (ultra-low volume) applications with field-caught deltamethrin-resistant <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and a susceptible <i>Ae. aegypti</i> laboratory strain. Ground evaluations tested ReMoa Tri and a type II pyrethroid-based product, DeltaGard. While ReMoa Tri was equally effective against Collier's deltamethrin-resistant <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and the susceptible laboratory strain, DeltaGard was effective against both strains, with reduced efficacy at farther distances. Similarly, aerial evaluations also showed that ReMoa Tri was equally effective against Collier's deltamethrin-resistant <i>Ae. aegypti</i> strain and susceptible laboratory strain. This study further confirms ReMoa Tri's potential as an effective alternative to pyrethroid-based adulticides, both in ground and aerial applications, for managing pyrethroid-resistant <i>Ae. aegypti</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) Detection in Different Species of Culicids Collected During an Outbreak in Southeastern Brazil, 2016-2019.","authors":"Giovana Santos Caleiro, Lucila Oliveira Vilela, Karolina Morales Barrio Nuevo, Rosa Maria Tubaki, Regiane Maria Tironi de Menezes, Luis Filipe Mucci, Juliana Telles-de-Deus, Eduardo Sterlino Bergo, Emerson Luiz Lima Araújo, Mariana Sequetin Cunha","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10050118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10050118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yellow fever virus (YFV) is an endemic arbovirus in parts of Africa and the Americas. In Brazil, following the eradication of the urban transmission cycle, YFV is maintained in a sylvatic cycle involving several species of neotropical primates and mosquitoes of the genera Haemagogus and Sabethes, which serve as primary and secondary vectors, respectively. During the 2016-2019 outbreak in São Paulo State, a total of 3731 mosquito pools were collected from sites with ongoing epizootic events in 192 municipalities. The RT-qPCR analysis detected YFV in 46 pools (1.4%) across nine mosquito species, including both primary and secondary vectors, as well as species from the genera Aedes and Psorophora. Differences in viral loads were observed among species. While Aedes aegypti was not found to be positive, the detection of natural YFV infection in other Aedes species raises concerns about potential virus reurbanization. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of additional mosquito species in YFV transmission in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary Metabolites from a New Antibiotic-Producing Endophytic Streptomyces Isolate Inhibited Pathogenic and Multidrug-Resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Strains.","authors":"Govinda Raju Vadankula, Arshad Rizvi, Haider Ali, Rakhi Khunjamayum, V V Ramprasad Eedara, Vijay Nema, Debananda Singh Ningthoujam, Katragadda Suresh Babu, Prakasham Reddy Shetty, Shekhar C Mande, Sharmistha Banerjee","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10050117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10050117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The long regimen of drug therapy, the emergence of drug-resistance (DR), and infections with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs) are alarming challenges in controlling tuberculosis (TB), a disease caused by <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>M.tb</i>), necessitating the pursuit of new, broad-spectrum anti-mycobacterials. With more than two-thirds of the clinically useful antibiotics originating from the bacterial phylum Actinomycetota, and their enormous diversity in India, we explored atypical environments for new bacterial strains with potential anti-<i>M.tb</i> activity. In this study, we the examined the secondary metabolites of soil and endophytic bacterial isolates from the wetland niches of Manipur, India, and determined their anti-mycobacterial properties using viability assays. The ethyl acetate culture filtrate extracts of one of the isolates, named <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. SbAr007, showed broad-spectrum anti-mycobacterial activity against laboratory <i>M.tb</i> strains H37Ra and H37Rv, a clinical drug-resistant <i>M.tb</i> and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The isolate was characterized for its phenotype and genetic identity, which indicated its closeness to <i>Streptomyces samsunensis</i>, <i>Streptomyces malaysiensis</i>, and <i>Streptomyces solisilvae</i>. Further, macrophage infection assays showed that the extracts could effectively control the intracellular mycobacterial growth but had negligible cytotoxicity to PBMCs from healthy donors. LC-MS identified an unusual combination of antibiotics in these culture filtrate extracts, which can be further explored for specific active molecules or as a formulation against DR-TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desiccation Tolerance of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> Eggs of Northeastern Argentina Origin.","authors":"Mía E Martín, Elizabet L Estallo, Luis G Estrada, Carolina Matiz Enriquez, Marina Stein","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the desiccation tolerance of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> eggs, two major arbovirus vectors, in a subtropical region of Argentina to understand their survival under varying relative humidity (RH) conditions (35%, 68%, and 82%). Laboratory experiments revealed that <i>Ae. aegypti</i> eggs exhibited significantly higher survival rates across all RH levels and exposure times compared to <i>Ae. albopictus</i>. After 1 month, <i>Ae. aegypti</i> eggs maintained 88% survival at 35% RH, while <i>Ae. albopictus</i> survival dropped to 38%. This disparity was more pronounced at low RH, where <i>Ae. albopictus</i> eggs experienced a rapid decline in survival over time. The results highlight the importance of RH as a key factor influencing the persistence of both species in the environment. The coexistence of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> in Puerto Iguazú suggests that microhabitats with distinct humidity conditions may favor one species over the other. These findings provide crucial insights for predicting mosquito population dynamics under changing climate conditions and developing more effective vector control strategies to reduce arbovirus transmission in subtropical regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}