Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease最新文献

{"title":"Desiccation Tolerance of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> Eggs of Northeastern Argentina Origin.","authors":"Mía E Martín, Elizabet L Estallo, Luis G Estrada, Carolina Matiz Enriquez, Marina Stein","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the desiccation tolerance of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> eggs, two major arbovirus vectors, in a subtropical region of Argentina to understand their survival under varying relative humidity (RH) conditions (35%, 68%, and 82%). Laboratory experiments revealed that <i>Ae. aegypti</i> eggs exhibited significantly higher survival rates across all RH levels and exposure times compared to <i>Ae. albopictus</i>. After 1 month, <i>Ae. aegypti</i> eggs maintained 88% survival at 35% RH, while <i>Ae. albopictus</i> survival dropped to 38%. This disparity was more pronounced at low RH, where <i>Ae. albopictus</i> eggs experienced a rapid decline in survival over time. The results highlight the importance of RH as a key factor influencing the persistence of both species in the environment. The coexistence of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> in Puerto Iguazú suggests that microhabitats with distinct humidity conditions may favor one species over the other. These findings provide crucial insights for predicting mosquito population dynamics under changing climate conditions and developing more effective vector control strategies to reduce arbovirus transmission in subtropical regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative Study of Nutritional Support-Related Perceptions and Preferences Among Persons Affected by TB, Family Caregivers, and Healthcare Providers in India.","authors":"Balaji Ramraj, Karikalan Nagarajan, Debjani Ram Purakayastha, Major Madhukar, Makesh Kumar, Neha Raj, Sarath Kumar, Banappa S Unger, Nithin Rajamani, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Murugesan Periyasamy, Hansraj Choudhary, Yasaswany Santhoshkumar, Ramesh Kumar, Seema Sahay, Nivedita Gupta, Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence on the implementation aspects of nutritional support interventions for persons with TB in India is limited. This qualitative study employed focus group discussions with persons with TB (n = 71), their family caregivers (n = 17), and healthcare providers (n = 18). The study was conducted from August 2023 to April 2024 in five states in India. Participants' knowledge, perceptions, and practices about nutritional intake, experiences, and expectations when accessing nutritional support were explored. Four nutrition-related themes emerged: (a) the experiences and perceptions of persons with tuberculosis and their caregivers, explained by their understanding of the importance of adequate nutrition and TB cures; (b) changes in food practices, explained by protein food adoption, alongside food insecurity experienced by those in poverty; (c) Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT)-related issues, explained by insufficiency and access-related gaps; and (d) preferred choices for nutrition support delivery, explained by less preference towards the involvement of intermediaries and a public distribution system alongside preference for the provision of nutrition through treatment facilities. Our findings underscore the importance of the provision of protein-rich food and an increase in financial support based on needs assessments. Mitigating the linkage and access gaps in DBT is needed. The delivery of ready-to-consume food through tuberculosis treatment facilities could be prioritized.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The State of Antimicrobial Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacilli in Canada.","authors":"Jeremy Li, Andrew Walkty, Philippe Lagacé-Wiens, James Karlowsky, George Zhanel","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last two decades, there has been an increase in resistance among Gram-negative bacteria in Canada. From 2007 to 2016, the proportion of ESBL-producing isolates among <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolates increased from 3.5% to 11.1%. There has also been an increase in carbapenem use over this time period, which may be contributing to the increasing prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in Canada. CPE, which were historically associated with travel, are now mostly acquired domestically. The prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> has decreased slightly, possibly due to decreasing use of fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. Many of the most effective antimicrobials for the treatment of infections with resistant Gram-negative organisms, including many of the novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (βL/βLIs), are not marketed in Canada. A coordinated focus on antimicrobial stewardship and infection control is necessary to slow the spread of resistance and to preserve the efficacy of our current antimicrobials for future generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectivity and Dissemination of Dengue Virus-1 in Different <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Populations Throughout Brazil.","authors":"Amanda Cupertino de Freitas, Ellen Santos, Lívia Baldon, Silvana de Mendonça, Fernanda Oliveira Rezende, Rafaela Moreira, Viviane Sousa, Mariana Lima, Emanuele Silva, Flávia Ferreira, João Paulo Pereira de Almeida, Siad Amadou, Bruno Marçal, Sara Comini, Marcele Rocha, Yaovi Todjro, Thiago Jiran Leite, Viviane Santos, Isaque João da Silva de Faria, Marta Giovanetti, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, Luciano A Moreira, Alvaro Ferreira","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue virus, one of the most prevalent mosquito-borne flaviviruses affecting humans globally, is primarily transmitted by the <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquito, which thrives in densely populated urban environments. Dengue incidence has surged in recent decades, becoming a major public health concern in many regions, particularly in Brazil, which has experienced recurrent outbreaks and reported over 6.6 million probable cases in the year of 2024. While the link between the mosquito vector and dengue transmission is well understood, the effects of different DENV types and their interactions with the vector capacity of natural mosquito populations are crucial for understanding disease dynamics. Here we report findings from experiments designed to analyze and compare the infectivity and dissemination of the DENV-1 strain among five <i>Ae. aegypti</i> populations collected from different regions of Brazil. When exposed to DENV-infected AG129 mice for blood feeding, these populations exhibited variations in infection rates and dissemination efficiency. Eight days post-infection, all populations demonstrated high infection rates, underscoring the substantial capacity of Brazilian <i>Ae. aegypti</i> populations to support the locally circulating DENV-1 strain. Our results demonstrate variation in <i>Ae. aegypti</i> vector competence across Brazil, revealing distinct patterns of DENV transmission efficiency. These findings highlight the necessity for geographically tailored control strategies, particularly in high-risk urban areas where outbreak potential is greatest.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12030886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> Among Women in the Chinese Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Shuang Li, Jiahui Xu, Sisi Ru, Changjun Hu, Chongyang Liu, Xingquan Sun, Heteng Guo, Xi Zhang","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> (TV) is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection (STI) among women worldwide. However, there is little information available regarding the burden of trichomoniasis infection among Chinese women. The aim of the present study is to assess the status of trichomoniasis in China. To address this gap, we searched seven databases for relevant studies published from their inception to June 2024. The overall prevalence of <i>T. vaginalis</i> in China was determined to be 6.31% with a high level of heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² = 99.68%). Subgroup analysis also demonstrated a statistically significant association between the <i>T. vaginalis</i> prevalence in the type of population, age range, year, residential status, and province. Among these, sex workers are the most prominent with 12.16%. Meta-regression analysis indicated that the infection rate of <i>T. vaginalis</i> among Chinese women had not shown a significant decline over time (<i>p</i> = 0.2919). Therefore, it continues to be a public health issue that should not be overlooked. Sex workers and rural women have a relatively higher infection rate of trichomoniasis, and this is largely associated with sexual safety awareness and hygiene conditions. Our findings provide crucial information for healthcare authorities and can shed light on the prevention strategies for trichomoniasis in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Incidence of Scabies in Far North Queensland, Tropical Australia: Implications for Local Clinical Practice and Public Health Strategies.","authors":"Mert Hamdi Korkusuz, Maria Eugenia Castellanos, Linton R Harriss, Allison Hempenstall, Simon Smith, Josh Hanson","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recognition and treatment of scabies has been incorporated into Australian guidelines for the prevention of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The incidence of both diagnosed ARF and RHD is increasing in Far North Queensland (FNQ) in northeast tropical Australia, but the local burden of scabies is incompletely defined. We reviewed the results of every skin scraping collected in FNQ's public health system between 2000 and 2023; 121/4345 (2.8%) scrapings were positive, including 19/1071 (1.8%) in the last 5 years of the study; the proportion of scrapings that were positive for scabies declined over the study period. Individuals who tested positive for scabies were no more likely to have had a prior diagnosis of ARF or RHD compared to the matched controls (1/101 (1%) versus 3/101 (3%), <i>p</i> = 1.0). During a median of 14.7 years of follow-up, individuals who tested positive for scabies were also no more likely to have a diagnosis of ARF or RHD than matched controls (2/100 (2%) versus 6/98 (6%); hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.30 (0.06-1.50) <i>p</i> = 0.14). Microbiologically confirmed scabies is uncommon in FNQ and appears to make a limited contribution to the local incidence of ARF and RHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-O1, Non-O139 <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> Bacteremic Skin Infection with Multiple Skin Necrosis: Case Report.","authors":"Amer Ibrahim Alomar, Nasreldin Elhadi, Lamya Zohair Yamani, Reema Allahham, Rana Alghamdi, Ibrahim Alhabib, Asim Diab, Nehal Mahmoud, Bashayer AlDossary, Mariam Almejhim, Nouf Al-Romihi, Faye Aldehalan, Reem Al Jindan","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-O1, non-O139 <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> (NOVC) extraintestinal infections are rare, but recently, several clinical incidents have been reported worldwide. Toxigenic <i>V. cholerae</i> is a well-known etiological agent of cholera, responsible for acute dehydrating watery diarrhea. Outbreaks occur in an epidemic seasonal pattern, particularly in countries with poverty and poor sanitation. Strains of NOVC are usually not involved in causing the epidemic or pandemic outbreaks seen with potential strains of <i>V. cholerae</i> serogroup O1 and O139. However, they can still cause severe sporadic cases of intestinal as well as extraintestinal infections. In this study, we investigated a case of extraintestinal infections associated with the NOVC serogroup isolated from a deep closed wound abscess. The isolate was screened for the presence of three major virulence genes, <i>tox</i>R, <i>ctx</i>A, and <i>tcp</i>A. The strain tested positive for the <i>tox</i>R gene encoding the regulatory protein and cholera toxin (<i>ctx</i>) gene and tested negative for the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP) gene, which is essential for the colonization of the human intestine, causing the severe diarrheal disease cholera. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of extraintestinal infection caused by toxigenic <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> non-O1/non-O139 in a hospitalized patient in Saudi Arabia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeographic Patterns and Genetic Diversity of <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>: Implications for Global Malaria Transmission.","authors":"Jehangir Khan, Dongjing Zhang, Saber Gholizadeh, Yidong Deng, Abdul Aziz, Jianhuang Chen, Pir Tariq Shah, Zhiyue Lv, Tao Chen","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>, a primary malaria vector in South Asia, is expanding its geographic range, raising concerns about increased malaria transmission. However, critical aspects of its genetic diversity, population structure, and evolutionary dynamics remain poorly understood in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan, an endemic malaria region where <i>An. stephensi</i> is adapting to urban settings, posing challenges for the development of targeted vector control strategies. This study addresses this gap by analyzing COI, COII (cytochrome oxidase subunit I and II), and ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer 2) sequences from <i>An. stephensi</i> populations in KP and comparing them with global isolates. Additionally, egg morphology analysis was conducted to identify the biological form. <b>Methods</b>: Mosquitoes were collected from malaria-endemic districts (Nowshera, Charsadda, and Peshawar) using ovitraps. Eggs were characterized morphologically, and DNA was extracted for PCR amplification of COI, COII, and ITS2 markers. Sequences from 17 Pakistani isolates, along with global sequences, were analyzed. Phylogenetic relationships, haplotype networks, genetic diversity, and neutrality tests (Tajima's D and Fu's Fs) were assessed. <b>Results</b>: Egg morphology confirmed the mysorensis form (13-15 ridges per egg) in KP. COI sequences clustered into two subclades (Punjab and KP), with >99% similarity to global isolates. COII and ITS2 sequences showed high similarity (99.46-100%) with populations from China, Iran, India, and Brazil, reflecting strong genetic connectivity rather than distinct regional clustering. Haplotype analysis identified six COI, ten COII, and ten ITS2 haplotypes, with Hap_2 (50.7%) and Hap_1 (43.3%) being the most prevalent in COI, Hap_7 (29.4%) in COII, and Hap_3 (80.8%) in ITS2. Population genetic analysis revealed higher COI diversity in Pakistan and India, with moderate diversity in COII. Neutrality tests suggested balancing selection in COI for both countries, while COII and ITS2 indicated population contraction in Iran. <b>Conclusions</b>: The findings reveal strong genetic connectivity within regions (e.g., Pakistan) and differentiation across global populations of <i>An. stephensi</i>, highlighting its potential for further expansion and adaptation. These insights are critical for informing global malaria control strategies, particularly in regions vulnerable to vector invasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends and Clinical Outcomes of Typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> in a Large Health Authority in British Columbia, Canada.","authors":"Calvin Ka-Fung Lo, Merisa Mok, Cole Schonhofer, Kevin Afra, Shazia Masud","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>From 2018 to 2021, travel-related extensively drug-resistant (XDR) <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi was identified in Ontario, Canada. Opportunities remain to characterize typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> antimicrobial susceptibility trends (including multi-drug resistance phenotypes; MDR) within a large health authority in British Columbia, Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients with <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi or Paratyphi A, B or C bacteremia identified at Fraser Health regional microbiology laboratory from 2018 to 2024. The primary outcome was the proportion of cases with MDR and XDR typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i>. Secondary outcomes included annual antimicrobial susceptibility for ampicillin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ertapenem, meropenem and azithromycin. Clinical outcomes included hospitalization length, and 30-day mortality, clinical cure and infection relapse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 271 patients, most were previously healthy and recently travelled. There were extended spectrum beta-lactamase (1.1%) and MDR (1.5%) typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i>, with no XDR cases observed. In 2024, ciprofloxacin resistance was 96% while susceptibility rates were high for other studied antimicrobials. Within 30 days, no deaths were reported; however, six patients (3%) had infection relapse.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Currently, in British Columbia, MDR typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> remains rare. Empiric ciprofloxacin should be avoided due to persistently high resistance rates. With ongoing travel patterns, it is beneficial for institutions to continue typhoidal <i>Salmonella</i> antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance, and travelers should seek pre-travel health assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteomyelitis Caused by <i>Moesziomyces aphidis</i> in an Immunocompetent Adult: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Yi-Ying Chen, Ting-Kuang Yeh, Chi-Jung Wu, Po-Yu Liu","doi":"10.3390/tropicalmed10040107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteomyelitis caused by <i>Moesziomyces aphidis</i> is exceedingly rare and, to our knowledge, has not been previously reported in immunocompetent individuals. This case represents the first documented instance. A 19-year-old woman developed osteomyelitis following an open right leg fracture sustained in a traffic accident. Initial cultures yielded an unidentified yeast, later identified as <i>M. aphidis</i> through internal transcribed spacer sequencing. The patient demonstrated clinical improvement with combination therapy of amphotericin B and following oral voriconazole. This case underscores the emerging pathogenic potential of <i>Moesziomyces</i> spp., particularly in the setting of trauma and open wounds, and highlights the importance of including this genus in the differential diagnosis of osteomyelitis. A literature review indicates that <i>Moesziomyces</i> infections are predominantly observed in immunocompromised patients, especially in Asia. However, our case underscores the need for greater awareness of this emerging pathogen in immunocompetent hosts as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":23330,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}