Transplant Infectious Disease最新文献

{"title":"Disseminated Nocardia yamashiensis, an Uncommon Subspecies.","authors":"Jeffrey Kilcup, Lindsey Suttle, Thomas Crilley","doi":"10.1111/tid.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated Cryptococcosis With Multifocal Osteomyelitis Presenting as a Non-Healing Ulcer in a Kidney Transplant Recipient.","authors":"Elizabeth Yasmine Wardoyo, Sanja Behera, Harmandeep Singh","doi":"10.1111/tid.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revaccination Response and Lack of Hepatitis B Reactivation After HCT for Sickle Cell Disease.","authors":"Henna Butt, Neal Jeffries, Triscia Martin, Valeria De Giorgi, Alison Zamora, John F Tisdale, Matthew M Hsieh","doi":"10.1111/tid.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sickle cell disease (SCD) can be cured by hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), but patients face increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation due to immunosuppression. Understanding hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) kinetics is essential for optimizing HBV revaccination and posttransplant care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This post hoc analysis examined HBV immunity, reactivation, and revaccination response in 71 SCD patients who underwent HCT at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (2008-2021) using alemtuzumab and low-dose total body irradiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, 55% showed HBV immunity (anti-HBs ≥ 12 mIU/mL). Most patients responded to revaccination regardless of baseline immunity. Post-HCT revaccination was given to 93%, with 89% completing full series (Heplisav-B or Engerix-B). Vaccinated patients had a 67.5% chance of increased anti-HBs titers between Years 1 and 2, though no significant difference was seen compared to unvaccinated patients (p = 0.12). No HBV reactivation occurred; two patients with baseline HBcAb and HBsAg positivity showed decreasing HBV DNA levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate that HBV immunity can decline post-HCT, but most patients remain immune, and revaccination is effective. However, some non-responders-especially those treated with IVIG, rituximab, or prolonged immunosuppression-need further study. Prospective research is needed to optimize revaccination timing and immune monitoring in this high-risk group.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Respiratory Virus Infections during the Peri-engraftment Period of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant.","authors":"José Luis Piñana, Clara Martínez-López, Pedro Chorão, Ariadna Pérez, Dolores Gómez, Jaime Sanz, Carlos Solano de la Asunción, Juan Carlos Hernández-Boluda, David Navarro, Juan Montoro, Carlos Solano","doi":"10.1111/tid.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community-acquired respiratory virus (CARV) infections are frequent and potentially severe in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT) recipients. However, their impact during the peri-engraftment period remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective multicenter study, we assessed the characteristics, effects on neutrophil engraftment, and risk factors for lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) progression and 100-day mortality of symptomatic peri-engraftment CARV infections [from Day -8 until Day +36 after stem cell infusion]. A total of 112 allo-HCT recipients and 114 CARV episodes were included. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses and cumulative incidence estimates were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median patient age was 51 years. Rhinovirus (47%) and respiratory syncytial virus (23%) were the most common pathogens. Half of the infections occurred before neutrophil engraftment (median day +18), and 50% progressed to LRTD. The 100-day mortality rate was 17%, increasing to 27% in those with LRTD. CARV infection prior to engraftment was associated with delayed neutrophil recovery (Day +18 vs. +16; p = 0.04) in multivariable cause-specific Cox regression analysis (HR 0.42, p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified lymphocyte count <0.2×10⁹/L (HR 3.1, p = 0.004) and active graft-versus-host disease (HR 2.36, p = 0.004) as independent predictors of LRTD. Risk factors for 100-day mortality included LRTD (HR 3.34, p = 0.04), use of anti-thymocyte globulin (HR 3.48, p = 0.019), and bacterial coinfection (HR 4.48, p = 0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CARV infections during the peri-engraftment allo-HCT phase carry a high risk for delayed engraftment and LRTD in case of profound lymphopenia and GvHD. LRTD, ATG use, and bacterial coinfections contributed significantly to mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delabeling Antibiotic Allergy in the Solid Organ Transplant Population Using a Multiple Antibiotic Allergy Evaluation Strategy.","authors":"Rebecca Lee, Grace Koo, Matthew S Krantz, Christine Allocco, Elizabeth J Phillips, Cosby A Stone","doi":"10.1111/tid.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>First-line antibiotics, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and sulfonamides, are critical for preventing infections in immunocompromised solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. However, many patients are labeled with multiple antibiotic allergies (AALs) prior to transplant, increasing their risk of adverse outcomes. Because these patients often travel long distances and follow complex care plans, minimizing the number of drug allergy clinic (DAC) visits is important to avoid disruption and improve care continuity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of SOT patients evaluated at Vanderbilt University Medical Center outpatient DAC between 2014 and 2024. We assessed the efficacy, feasibility, and efficiency of a multiple antibiotic allergy evaluation strategy (MAAES), where patients with two or more low-risk AALs underwent consolidated evaluation, testing, and oral challenges, with the goal of delabeling as many as three AALs in a single visit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 184 SOT patients referred for evaluation, the median age was 57 years (IQR 47, 64); 112/184 (61%) were female, and 64/184 (35%) traveled from out-of-state. A total of 53 patients (29%) had two or more first-line AALs. Of these, 49 (93%) had labels successfully removed during their visit: 37 penicillin, 25 cephalosporin, and 24 sulfa allergy labels were delabeled. MAAES reduced the number of required visits to address these AALs by 61%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MAAES enabled safe, efficient, and consolidated AAL evaluation and removal in SOT patients. In 57% of patients with ≥ 2 first-line AALs, all were safely delabeled in a single clinic visit, improving care efficiency and antibiotic access.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience With Antibody-Based Therapies for COVID-19 for Immunocompromised Patients.","authors":"Margaret McCort, Helen Tsai, Grace Minamoto, Rohan Goyal, Tao Wang, Hyunah Yoon, Monika Paroder, Priya Nori, Rachel Bartash, Linda Bard, Liise-Anne Pirofski","doi":"10.1111/tid.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial Nodules and Rib Fracture: An Unusual Presentation of Disseminated Histoplasmosis in a Kidney Transplant Recipient.","authors":"Elizabeth Yasmine Wardoyo, Rajesh Kumar, Hemlata Jangir","doi":"10.1111/tid.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70092"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of Seasonal Human Coronavirus Infections in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Fareed Khawaja, Terri Lynn Shigle, Layale Yaghi, May Daher, Jeremy L Ramdial, Ella Ariza-Heredia, Ying Jiang, Roy F Chemaly","doi":"10.1111/tid.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community respiratory viruses, such as seasonal human coronavirus (HCoV), commonly infect hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Recognizing the risk factors and outcomes of HCoV infections in HCT recipients is essential for the future development of potentially lifesaving therapeutics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective review of all HCoV-infected HCT recipients from September 1, 2015 to August 31, 2017, at our institution. Patients were classified with upper respiratory tract infection (URI) or lower respiratory infection (LRI) based on predefined definitions for respiratory viral infections in HCT recipients. Patient data were collected to identify risk factors for HCoV LRI, and to calculate an immunodeficiency scoring index (ISI). Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify risk factors for LRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 164 episodes in 138 HCT recipients (129 URI and 35 LRI) during the study period with an incidence of HCoV of 9%. Overall, 30-day mortality was 17% and 0%, among patients with HCoV LRI or URI, respectively. On multivariate analysis, low-albumin, coinfection with multiple respiratory viruses, and an ISI ≥ 5 were independent predictors of LRI and the latter was associated with increased risk of hospital admission, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and 30-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified unique characteristics that were associated with HCoV LRI in HCT recipients. An ISI ≥ 5 predicted HCoV LRI in HCT recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Stratification for Seasonal Coronavirus Infections in HCT Recipients: Advances and Challenges.","authors":"Chikara Ogimi, Alpana Waghmare","doi":"10.1111/tid.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Old Pathogens-New Patient Types: Infections in a CAR T-Cell Recipient. Could It Get Any More Complicated?","authors":"Monica Melchio, Joshua A Hill, Maunank Shah, Dionysios Neofytos, Massimiliano Gambella, Anna Maria Raiola, Emanuele Delfino, Elisa Balletto, Emanuele Angelucci, Matteo Bassetti, Malgorzata Mikulska","doi":"10.1111/tid.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The case discussed involves a 41-year-old Italian man who was a candidate for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) for mediastinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. His CAR-T treatment was postponed several times due to prolonged relapsing COVID-19 and new onset of pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis diseases. After 11 weeks of antimycobacterial treatment, CAR T-cell therapy was performed, but complicated by cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Two months after CAR-T, the patient developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis due to A. fumigatus. He was successfully treated with a 6-month course of antitubercular therapy and an 8-month course of antifungal therapy with isavuconazole. Lobectomy was performed due to episodes of severe hemoptysis. The challenging issues of diagnosis, choice, and management of treatments, including drug-drug interactions and length of therapy, are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}