Transplant Infectious Disease最新文献

{"title":"An Update on Invasive Fungal Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Tina Marinelli, Shahid Husain","doi":"10.1111/tid.70229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive fungal infections (IFI) remain a significant infection-related complication in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs), the incidence of which has not changed overtime. With a focus on studies and data published after 2019, this narrative review provides an update on the epidemiology and prevention of IFIs in SOTRs and highlights emerging challenges. Information presented in this review may be used as a call to arms to encourage ongoing research into IFI epidemiology and prevention in SOTRs in order to improve IFI-related morbidity and mortality over the coming decades.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70229"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Localized Trichosporon inkin Infection Following Kidney Transplantation.","authors":"Maria Teresa Carrasco Gil, Patricia Muñoz, Sofía De la Villa","doi":"10.1111/tid.70219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated Mycobacterium bovis-BCG Infection Following Intravesical BCG Administration in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Paavana Varanasi, Nancy Wengenack, D Eric Steidley, Lavanya Kodali, Holenarasipur R Vikram","doi":"10.1111/tid.70220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is a live attenuated vaccine for tuberculosis. Intravesical BCG (iBCG) administration is a highly effective immunotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Although live attenuated vaccines are generally contraindicated in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR), iBCG has been utilized for NMIBC in SOTR. We describe the clinical manifestations, management, and outcomes of disseminated Mycobacterium bovis-BCG infection (Mb-BCGi) following iBCG therapy in SOTR for NMIBC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All adult patients (> 18 years of age) diagnosed with NMIBC who received iBCG across three tertiary referral and transplant centers between 2000 and 2025 were identified. The study cohort consisted of SOTR who had received iBCG for NMIBC and subsequently developed disseminated Mb-BCGi. English language literature review was performed to identify additional cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4207 patients received iBCG during the study period. Thirty (0.71%) were SOTR, of whom two (6.7%) developed disseminated Mb-BCGi, including bloodstream infection and prostate abscesses. Literature review identified two additional disseminated Mb-BCGi cases in SOTR with lungs, bloodstream, and native kidney involvement, and one fatality. All cases required extended antimycobacterial therapy. Median times from SOT to Mb-BCGi and from iBCG to Mb-BCGi were 104 and 8 months, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SOTR appear to be at a higher risk of disseminated Mb-BCGi following iBCG. Administration of iBCG in SOTR with NMIBC warrants careful risk-benefit assessment and subsequent close monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Microbiological Insights Into Invasive Fusariosis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A 15-Year Single-Center Analysis.","authors":"Jotaro Yamamoto, Sho Ogura, Shinsuke Takagi, Takayuki Shinohara, Hirofumi Takano, Mika Kuno, Mizuki Haraguchi, Otoya Watanabe, Takashi Sakoh, Kyosuke Yamaguchi, Masayo Morishima, Kosei Kageyama, Daisuke Kaji, Yuki Taya, Aya Nishida, Muneyoshi Kimura, Hisashi Yamamoto, Ami Koizumi, Masahiro Abe, Yasutaka Hoshino, Sayoko Oiki, Takanori Horiguchi, Takashi Umeyama, Yuki Asano-Mori, Go Yamamoto, Atsushi Wake, Hideki Araoka, Yoshitsugu Miyazaki, Shuichi Taniguchi, Naoyuki Uchida","doi":"10.1111/tid.70216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive fusariosis (IF) is a rare but often fatal mold infection in immunocompromised patients, particularly after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Despite antifungal prophylaxis and treatment, mortality remains high.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed all allogeneic HSCT recipients for hematological malignancies at our center (2010-2024) and identified proven IF cases. Species identification was based on multigene sequencing, and antifungal susceptibility testing was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2359 allogeneic HSCTs, 17 proven IF cases (7.2/1000) were identified. Patients more often had prior HSCT (58.8% vs. 19.8%, p = 0.002) and were transplanted in non-complete remission (94.1% vs. 75.8%). Median onset was 19 days (range, 2-1011) posttransplant, with a median neutrophil count of 1/µL (range, 1-7097) at diagnosis; 64.7% were pre-engraftment. Prophylaxis included micafungin (n = 10), posaconazole (n = 4), and voriconazole (n = 3). Species: Fusarium solani complex (n = 11), Fusarium dimerum complex (n = 4), and Fusarium fujikuroi complex (n = 2). All isolates had high micafungin MECs (> 16 µg/mL); the median amphotericin B MIC was 4 µg/mL, voriconazole MIC > 8 µg/mL. Median overall survival was 8 days; mortality reached 82.4% by Day 84. In univariate analysis, combination liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) plus voriconazole (p = 0.013) and neutrophil recovery (p = 0.008) were associated with improved survival. No clear trends were noted in antifungal susceptibility between survivors and non-survivors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IF after allogeneic HSCT is rare but highly lethal. Despite the small sample size, outcomes were not clearly associated with MIC values. Early L-AMB plus VRCZ and neutrophil recovery may be associated with improved survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147718318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Biopsies in Patients Referred for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Diagnostic Accuracy, Diagnostic Yield, and Clinical Utility.","authors":"Sergio Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Ayman Sayyed, Swe Mar Linn, Caden Chiarello, Mats Remberger, Igor Novitzky-Basso, Patrik Rogalla, Shahid Husain, Jonas Mattsson","doi":"10.1111/tid.70217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary complications after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Lung biopsy may help categorize, but its diagnostic yield in this population remains poorly defined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We aimed to determine the accuracy (descriptive histopathological report), diagnostic yield (specific histopathologic diagnosis that plausibly explained radiologic abnormalities), complication rates, and clinical utility of lung biopsies performed in patients referred for allo-HCT at a comprehensive cancer center for pulmonary opacities. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 76 lung biopsies (image-guided transthoracic, wedge resection, or transbronchial) performed on 70 patients referred for allo-HCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lung biopsy was accurate in 93% (n = 71/76) of procedures. The diagnostic yield was 72% (n = 55/76): malignancy (26%), organizing pneumonia (24%), and infection (16%). Lung biopsy led to a change in management in 51% of procedures (n = 39/76); effective (beneficial) in 79% of cases. Major complications occurred in 7% (n = 5/76) of procedures: four had a pneumothorax requiring chest tube drainage, and one had an intraprocedural cardiac arrest resulting in death.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this highly selected cohort of patients referred for allo-HCT, lung biopsy provided a high diagnostic yield and often altered subsequent management. Integration of biopsy into diagnostic pathways may improve care in selected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibodies as Therapy: A Coming of Age in Transplantation.","authors":"Andrew Karaba, Hannah Lewis, Jim Boonyaratanakornkit","doi":"10.1111/tid.70215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and Reactivation of Chagas Disease Among Solid Organ Transplant Candidates and Recipients: A 10-Year Single Center Experience in Florida.","authors":"Julia Bini Viotti, Michele I Morris, Jacques Simkins, Akshay Khatri, Yoichiro Natori, Raul Rodriguez, Mrudula Munagala, Eric Martin, Phillip Ruiz, Rodrigo Vianna, Giselle Guerra, Shweta Anjan","doi":"10.1111/tid.70207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chagas disease (CD), a neglected tropical disease usually associated with Latin America, is increasingly recognized as an emerging infection in the United States. Screening for CD is recommended for solid organ transplant (SOT) candidates with epidemiologic risk factors; however, data on prevalence and post-transplant reactivation in the United States remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of SOT candidates and recipients screened for T. cruzi at a large transplant center in Miami, Florida. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and 2-year outcomes of recipients with CD were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between August 1, 2013, and August 1, 2023, 6021 SOTs were performed. 1898 candidates (31%) were screened, and 21 (1.1%) tested positive for T. cruzi, of whom 10 were SOT recipients. All seropositive recipients were born in historically endemic areas. Median post-transplant surveillance was 13.5 (range 1-25) months. Seven patients developed Chagas disease reactivation (CDR) diagnosed by serum PCR; all were asymptomatic. Median time from transplantation to reactivation was 48 days (range 22-426). Treatment with benznidazole for 60 days cleared the parasitemia in all patients. At 2 years, 80% (8/10) had graft survival, one patient died unrelated to CDR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report a high incidence of CDR among SOT recipients at a US transplant center serving a predominantly immigrant population, with favorable 2-year outcomes. Most reactivation events occurred early post-transplant, although a later recurrence was also observed. Intensive monitoring for CDR proved effective in detecting reactivation prior to the onset of symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147618811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Blood: Insights Into Mucosal Immunity Among SARS-CoV-2-Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Victor H Ferreira, Nora Pisanic, William A Werbel","doi":"10.1111/tid.70213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147609824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Septicemia After Manual Razor Blade Shaving in Neutropenic Patients.","authors":"Andrew Grigg, Abby Douglas","doi":"10.1111/tid.70210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147609867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) Increase the Risk of Rejection, CMV Viremia, and Graft Loss After Kidney Transplantation.","authors":"Alessandra Palmisano, Marta D'Angelo, Federica Brillo, Daniel Salvetti, Alice Parmigiani, Alessio Di Maria, Francesco Saracino, Eleonora Salsi, Micaela Gentile, Giuseppe Daniele Benigno, Ilaria Gandolfini, Enrico Fiaccadori, Paolo Cravedi, Umberto Maggiore","doi":"10.1111/tid.70212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative UTIs caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are increasingly common in kidney transplant recipients (KTR), yet their clinical consequences relative to other Gram-negative infections remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center study from a high-endemic area, we retrospectively evaluated the impact of MDR colonization (Colonization), MDR Gram-negative infection (MDR Infection), presumptive MDR infection (i.e., no isolates available; Presump. MDR), and non-MDR Gram-negative infection (non-MDR Inf.) on major post-transplant complications, including CMV and BKPyV viremia, acute rejection, donor-specific antibodies (DSA), graft function, and overall transplant failure. We used multivariable cause-specific hazard Cox regression models with time-varying covariates and random-coefficient mixed models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 521 KTRs, distributed across overlapping conditions, 212 (40.7%) had MDR Colonization, 92 (17.7%) MDR Infection, 61 (11.7%) Presump. MDR, 67 (12.9%) non-MDR Inf., and 242 (46.4%) had no infection. Compared with No Infection group, only MDR infection was associated with a steeper decline in eGFR slope (_-5.50-2.91_-0.33 mL/min/1.73 m² per year; p = 0.027) and increased incidence of transplant failure (adjusted hazard, aHR, associated with history of MDR Infection = _1.76 4.11_9.61; p = 0.001. MDR infection history was also the only condition associated with CMV viremia (aHR = _1.051.83_3.18; p = 0.034), and with rejection (aHR = _1.031.69_2.76; p = 0.036), though it was not associated with BKPyV viremia or de novo DSA. Colonization, Presump. Inf., and non-MDR Inf. were not independently associated with complications or transplant failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Documented MDR Gram-negative UTIs, but not colonization or non-MDR UTI, are independently associated with acute rejection, CMV viremia, and poorer kidney allograft outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}