Transplant Infectious Disease最新文献

{"title":"Making the Most of a Transplant ID Conference: A Practical Guide for Trainees and Early-Career Faculty.","authors":"Chelsea A Gorsline, Rebecca N Kumar, Denise J McCulloch, Maheen Z Abidi, Ajit P Limaye, Courtney E Harris","doi":"10.1111/tid.70228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attending conferences is a foundational component of professional growth in transplant infectious diseases (TIDs), yet trainees and early-career faculty often face an overwhelming array of meeting options and limited guidance on how to maximize the experience. This report outlines practical strategies for selecting the most impactful conferences, preparing effectively, engaging with poster sessions, cultivating meaningful professional connections, and incorporating rest and reflection into conference travel. Unlike previous discussions hosted by the TID Early Career Network (TxIDECN), which typically occurred over social media, this was a live expert panel with audience participation at the 2025 Fred Hutch Symposium on Infectious Diseases in the Immunocompromised Host on May 13, 2025, in Seattle, Washington. Here, we summarize that discussion with actionable tools to navigate conferences intentionally and translate these experiences into sustained academic and career development for emerging TID professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARC in Critical Ill OLT Recipients: True Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Impact on Early Aggressive PK/PD Target Non-Attainment of CI Beta-Lactam Therapy for Posttransplant Gram-Negative Infections.","authors":"Milo Gatti, Riccardo De Paola, Matteo Rinaldi, Cristiana Laici, Antonio Siniscalchi, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea","doi":"10.1111/tid.70237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess the true prevalence and the risk factors of augmented renal clearance (ARC) in critical orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients and its impact on early aggressive pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) target non-attainment of continuous infusion (CI) beta-lactams.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>OLT recipients without renal dysfunction and undergoing one or more measured creatinine clearance (mCLCr) assessments in the first 30 days posttransplant were retrospectively included. Reliability of three different eGFR formulas (Cockcroft-Gault, 2021, CKD-EPI, and MDRD) in estimating mCLCr was tested. Univariate analyses compared the clinical features of ARC versus non-ARC patients and the severity of the clinical conditions during ARC versus non-ARC episodes in the whole cohort. In patients receiving CI beta-lactam therapy, risk factors for early aggressive PK/PD target non-attainment were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 450 critical OLT recipients, 112 were included. The true prevalence of ARC was 23.2%. ARC versus non-ARC patients were younger (p = 0.003), had lower MELD score (p = 0.001), received lower number of intraoperative blood transfusions (p = 0.007), and had a lower need for venovenous bypass technique (p = 0.024). ARC episodes occurred more frequently in patients having lower SOFA score (p = 0.005) and lower median serum creatinine levels (p < 0.001). None of the eGFR formulas properly estimated mCLCr. In the subset of 50 OLT recipients receiving 60 CI beta-lactam treatment courses, ARC was the only factor associated with early aggressive PK/PD target non-attainment (p = 0.018).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ARC is a quite prevalent condition among critical OLT recipients, which may hinder early aggressive PK/PD target attainment when using standard beta-lactams dosing regimens, regardless of delivery by CI.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Contamination in Deceased Musculoskeletal Tissue Donors: A Large-Scale US Analysis of Infection Risk.","authors":"Anthony Montedonico, Kimberly Elliott, Lee Brandenburg, Sara O Dionne","doi":"10.1111/tid.70234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microbial contamination of musculoskeletal tissues recovered from deceased donors poses a risk for donor-derived infections and may lead to tissue exclusion under regulatory standards. Despite stringent aseptic protocols, recovery and processing contamination remains a critical challenge. This study presents a large-scale analysis of microbial prevalence and distribution in deceased tissue donors in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 1 186 392 musculoskeletal tissue recovery swabs collected from 69 920 deceased donors between 2019 and 2024. Growth-positive cultures underwent organism identification using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and biochemical methods. Microbial findings were stratified by anatomical recovery zone, and organisms considered potentially disqualifying for transplantation were assessed according to American Association of Tissue Banks (AATB) standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microbial growth was observed in 12.4% of swabs, with 64.8% of donors having at least one growth-positive sample. Among positive swabs, 92.4% yielded bacteria, 5.0% fungi, and 2.6% yielded both. Organisms considered potentially disqualifying were identified in 5.0% of donors, most commonly Clostridium species and Streptococcus pyogenes. The prevalence of virulent organisms varied by anatomical recovery zone, with the highest rates observed in lower extremity and pelvic sites and the lowest in thoracic and vertebral tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this large national cohort, potentially virulent microorganisms were identified in a clinically meaningful proportion of deceased tissue donors, with substantial anatomical variability in contamination risk. These findings reinforce the importance of stringent microbiological screening to reduce the risk of recipient infection while supporting safe and effective tissue transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney Transplant Recipients Develop Nasal Mucosal Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 With ACE2-Inhibiting Activity Following mRNA Vaccination.","authors":"Vera J C H Koomen, Christa E van der Gaast-deJongh, Fred van Opzeeland, Ria Philipsen, Marije C Baas, A Lianne Messchendorp, Frederike J Bemelman, Marcia M L Kho, Carla C Baan, Debbie van Baarle, Jan-Stephan F Sanders, Rob van Binnendijk, Gerco den Hartog, Ron T Gansevoort, Renate G van der Molen, Luuk B Hilbrands, Dimitri A Diavatopoulos","doi":"10.1111/tid.70230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Less than 60% of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) become IgG seropositive for the viral spike (S) antigen following two COVID-19 vaccine doses, with a third dose increasing these numbers further. Mucosal antibodies play a critical role in protection against SARS-CoV-2 (re)infection; however, the presence and functionality of these antibodies after vaccination have not been well-studied in high-risk groups with reduced vaccine immunogenicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed the concentration of ancestral S-specific antibodies in the nasal mucosa and in serum as well as their capacity to neutralize binding of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) to the ACE2 receptor in KTRs after two, three, and/or four vaccinations, compared with an age-matched control group after two vaccine doses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>KTRs showed an increase in nasal and serum S-specific IgG and S-specific IgA geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) as well as ACE2 binding inhibition at 28 days after both two-dose and additional vaccinations compared to baseline, although postvaccination GMCs remained lower than in the control group. We observed a high correlation between nasal and serum antibody levels (r_S > 0.63) and ACE2 inhibiting capacity (r_S > 0.65). Furthermore, nasal S-specific IgG, and to a lesser extent IgA, was correlated with nasal ACE2 binding inhibition (r_S > 0.64 and 0.5).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>KTRs develop nasal mucosal antibodies, which are able to inhibit binding to ACE2 after COVID-19 vaccination, but at a lower concentration than controls. Mucosal sampling provides an accessible and minimally invasive addition to measuring serum antibodies for monitoring the response to vaccination at a population level.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and Outcomes of Cryptococcal Infections in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Cohort Study at a US Academic Center.","authors":"Rachel Sigler, Chloe Hanigan, Atikur Rahman, Isuru Ratnayake, Phani Akella, Lauren Carlini, Chelsea Gorsline, Erica Mackenzie, Albert Eid, Dennis Shoemaker, Ryan Taylor, Stephen Waller","doi":"10.1111/tid.70231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cryptococcal infections in solid organ transplant (SOT) are relatively uncommon posttransplant, but carry significant morbidity and mortality. SOT represents a significant proportion of cryptococcosis among immunocompromised patients. Data specific to liver transplant recipients remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective cohort study of 346 liver transplant recipients at a US academic center to identify predictors and outcomes associated with cryptococcal infection. Associations between infection and clinical variables were analyzed. Univariate logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve patients (3.6%) developed cryptococcosis within 1 year of liver transplant. Significant differences between infected and noninfected patients were observed for maintenance immunosuppression (p < 0.001), infectious comorbidities (p = 0.007), and treatment of rejection (p = 0.041). Patients residing in rural ZIP codes had a significantly higher risk of cryptococcal infection, whereas residing in urban ZIP codes was found to be protective (OR 0.305; 95% CI 0.095-0.985; p = 0.047). Longer waitlist duration also increased infection risk at 0.01% per day (p = 0.017). Among infected patients, very early infection (< 45 days posttransplant) was associated with shorter median survival (382 days) compared with early (45-180 days posttransplant, median1462 days survival) and late (> 180 days posttransplant, median 1641 days survival) infection (p = 0.09).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cryptococcal infection after liver transplantation is rare but linked to immunosuppression patterns and geographic risk factors. Recipients from rural ZIP codes may face increased environmental exposure or healthcare access barriers, contributing to elevated risk. Multicenter studies are warranted to identify modifiable risk factors and guide antifungal prophylaxis and screening strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Advanced Age on Posttransplant Infections and Outcomes in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Multicenter Cohort Study.","authors":"Sibel Altunisik Toplu, Vildan Avkan Oguz, Esra Tanyel, Imran Hasanoglu, Bengu Tatar, Tuba Turunc, Gule Cinar, Yesim Uygun Kizmaz, Gulnur Kul, Adem Kose, Muammer Celik, Adam Uslu, Ebru Oruc, Ezgi Erdal Karakas, Nilay Danis, Yelda Deligoz Bildaci, Sezai Yilmaz, Yasar Bayindir, Hande Arslan","doi":"10.1111/tid.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, with the aging population worldwide, the number of elderly undergoing solid organ transplantation has been steadily increasing. However, data on the effects of advanced age on infection characteristics and clinical outcomes in transplant recipients are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of advanced age on infections and clinical outcomes in solid organ transplant recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent solid organ transplantation at different transplant centers in Türkiye between 2003 and 2023 and were followed up for at least 1 year. Patients were divided into two age groups: ≥ 60 years and < 60 years. Demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, infection episodes, and clinical outcomes were compared between the two age groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 273 (27.7%) patients aged ≥ 60 years and 712 (72.3%) patients aged < 60 years, totaling 985 recipients. Male sex and liver transplantation were more common in the older age group (p < 0.001). Hospital stay was significantly longer in patients aged ≥ 60 years (p = 0.002). However, there was no difference between the two age groups in terms of time to first infection or number of infection episodes. The mortality rate in patients aged ≥ 60 years was 21.6%. The most common cause of death was bacterial infection, with carbapenem-resistant pathogens detected in a substantial proportion of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although infection incidence was similar across age groups, solid organ transplant recipients aged ≥ 60 years had higher mortality and longer hospital stays, highlighting the need for careful clinical monitoring in older transplant recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate Donor-Derived Hepatitis C Transmission Following Kidney Transplantation: A Two-Case Observation.","authors":"I-Ru Chen, Wen-Pang Su, Ping-Chin Lai","doi":"10.1111/tid.70225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Troll Is Weakened but Not yet Defeated: An Update on Cytomegalovirus Management in Transplantation From the International CMV Symposium 2025.","authors":"Camille N Kotton, Martina Sester, Julian Torre-Cisneros","doi":"10.1111/tid.70223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 2025 International CMV Symposium convened in Königstein, Germany, bringing together transplant clinicians and researchers to address cytomegalovirus management following the publication of three major guidelines in 2025. The Transplantation Society, European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia, and American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy each released updated recommendations reflecting significant advances, including letermovir prophylaxis for hematopoietic stem cell and high-risk renal transplantation, maribavir for resistant or refractory disease, and cell-mediated immunity testing to guide personalized prevention strategies. This review synthesizes symposium discussions, emphasizing translation of evidence-based recommendations into clinical practice across diverse healthcare settings. Key topics included risk-stratified prevention approaches balancing efficacy with practical implementation, precision medicine through immune biomarkers, adoptive cellular therapies advancing from experimental to clinical platforms, and vaccine development showing renewed promise after decades of setbacks. Symposium faculty highlighted persistent challenges despite recent progress, such as late-onset disease after extended prophylaxis, economic barriers limiting access to novel therapies and diagnostics, resistance patterns evolving with increasing antiviral use, and infrastructure requirements for preemptive strategies that may be prohibitive in many settings. Case presentations illustrated real-world practical challenges to effective guideline implementation. The integration of solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant expertise enabled cross-disciplinary learning while respecting population-specific differences. As the transplant community advances toward defeating the \"troll of transplantation,\" continued therapeutic innovation must be coupled with implementation science, economic analyses, and global cooperation to ensure all transplant recipients benefit from these advances.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgically Managed Deep Sternal Wound Infection After Heart Transplantation.","authors":"Jeng-Wei Chen, Heng-Wen Chou, Chuan-I Tsao, Nai-Kuan Chou, Chih-Hsien Wang, Nai-Hsin Chi, Shu-Chien Huang, Hsi-Yu Yu, Yih-Sharng Chen, Ron-Bin Hsu","doi":"10.1111/tid.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) remains a serious complication after heart transplantation (HT), yet data on its microbiology and outcomes are limited. We aimed to characterize the incidence, microbiology, management, and outcomes of DSWI after HT and to identify factors associated with its occurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 298 consecutive HT recipients at a single tertiary center from 2010 to 2023. Patients were stratified by DSWI (n = 21, 7%) versus uncomplicated sternal healing (n = 277). Univariable and parsimonious multivariable logistic regression were used to assess factors associated with DSWI. Microbiologic findings among DSWI cases were described at the case level, including bacterial, fungal, and polymicrobial infections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DSWI cases had greater operative exposure, including longer graft ischemic time and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) duration. In multivariable analysis, ischemic time (adjusted OR: 1.008 min^-1; p = 0.029) and CPB time (adjusted OR: 1.011 min^-1; p = 0.023) were independently associated with DSWI. Durable ventricular assist device bridging was associated with DSWI in univariable analysis (OR: 5.265; p = 0.016). Among DSWI cases, microbiologic findings were heterogeneous and some polymicrobial infections were identified. DSWI was associated with worse long-term survival (log-rank p = 0.0035). Several cases with fungal involvement had poor outcomes, although pathogen-specific interpretation was limited by the small sample size, mixed infections, and potential confounding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DSWI after HT was an infrequent but serious complication associated with worse long-term survival and greater operative burden. Microbiologic findings were heterogeneous, and pathogen-specific outcome patterns should be interpreted cautiously.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of a Routine Screening Protocol to Prevent Metamycoplasma and Ureaplasma Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Lalithaa Thirunavukarasu Murugan, Anika Sasidharan Nair, Marie M Budev, Maureen Converse, Nabin K Shrestha, Christine E Koval","doi":"10.1111/tid.70221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/tid.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metamycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma species (Mollicutes) can cause clinically significant Mollicute infections (csMI) early after lung transplantation (LT). Mollicute infection is associated with hyperammonemia syndrome (HS), a complication resulting in cerebral edema and death. We sought to describe the results before and after a screening protocol to detect and preemptively treat Mollicutes early after LT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed LT data at our institution before (January 1, 2020-September 4, 2022) and after (September 5, 2022-August 31, 2023) a screening protocol to detect Mollicutes by PCR on bronchoalveolar lavage within 24 h post-LT and serum ammonia monitoring every 48 h. Antibiotics were initiated for ammonia > 60 µmol/L or if PCR+. We assessed risk factors and recipient outcomes for Mollicute PCR+ and PCR-. We compared the incidence of HS and csMI in the protocol and pre-protocol groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Screening detected Mollicutes in 24/125 (19.2%). All were treated ≥ 14 days. On multivariable analysis, donor age ≤ 40 years was associated with PCR+ (OR: 4.28, 95% CI: 1.65-12.13, p = 0.004). There were no differences in 6-month mortality (8.3% vs. 7.9%, p = 0.61), 3-month rejection (46% vs. 37%, p = 0.19), or mean ICU length of stay (35 days [SD = 29] vs. 42 days [SD = 54], p = 0.14) between PCR+ and PCR-. csMI occurred in 1/125 (0.8%) in the protocol group with no HS. Pre-protocol, 15/1373 (1.09%) developed csMI or HS with two deaths from HS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mollicute detection by PCR screened early post-LT was inversely associated with donor age. Preemptive treatment for Mollicute detection and elevated ammonia in the early posttransplant setting may prevent serious donor-derived infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23318,"journal":{"name":"Transplant Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"e70221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}