{"title":"Speed performance and control of a micromachined linear brownian motor","authors":"E. Altintas, E. Sarajlic, K. Bohringer, H. Fujita","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443746","url":null,"abstract":"We report on fabrication and experimental characterization of a linear Brownian motor with a periodic 3-phase electrostatic rectification for unidirectional transport of nanobeads in microfluidic channels. The transport of the beads is performed in 1 mum deep, 2 mum wide PDMS microchannels, which constrain three-dimensional random motion of nanobeads into ID fluctuation, so-called tamed Brownian motion. 2 mum wide and 4 mum separated ITO electrodes are fabricated by lift-off process on a 24x36 mm2 coverglass. After planarization of the surface, a previously fabricated PDMS sheet with microchannels is aligned and sealed with the electrodes. Diluted fluorescent nanobead suspension, 1:1000 and 500 nm in diameter, is introduced and equilibrium of the flow is awaited. Experimental results reveal the influence of electrode spacing, switching sequence (excitation time and Brownian time or diffusion time) and viscosity on the transportation and speed performance of the motor. Average speed is dependent on the switching sequence and it peaks around the expected diffusion time of the particles between electrodes.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126662661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Liu, M. Noman, J. Bain, T. E. Schlesinger, G. Fedder
{"title":"CMOS-MEMS probes for reconfigurable IC’s","authors":"J. Liu, M. Noman, J. Bain, T. E. Schlesinger, G. Fedder","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443706","url":null,"abstract":"We report on our progress on the development of CMOS-MEMS electrothermal conductive probes for memory-intensive self-configuring integrated circuits (MISCICs). The MISCIC vision is to use MEMS conductive probes to reconfigure circuits by mechanically addressing and passing current through resistance change vias embedded within the chip circuitry. Cantilevered probes are designed with 1, 4, 9, 16 and 25 mum2 areas that are plated with nickel. The vertical range of the electrothermal actuator is 23.9 mum with 3.7 mW heating power, but the range is reduced when in contact with a gold-coated glass slide due to thermal effects. Probe contact to gold varies from 10-50 Omega for multiple make and break cycles with 1 mum2 tips.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129376981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Schonhardt, J. Korvink, J. Mohr, U. Hollenbach, U. Wallrabe
{"title":"Magnetic comb drive actuator","authors":"S. Schonhardt, J. Korvink, J. Mohr, U. Hollenbach, U. Wallrabe","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443697","url":null,"abstract":"We present the first electromagnetic comb drive actuator which allows for large, linear actuator motion at large air gap widths of 25 mum and a structural height of 400 mum. Previously reported designs require very narrow air gaps of 3 mum at structural heights of up to 1 mm [1] which makes them sensitive to operate, and challenging to fabricate. The new design reduces the reluctance by a parallel connection of several pole shoes as is well known for electrostatic actuators, which reduces the current consumption and linearizes the current - displacement characteristic. Magnetic and mechanical material properties are measured for an accurate simulation of the system behavior. Experimental results verify the theoretical predictions.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127635593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flexure-based nanomagnetic actuators and their ultimate scaling limits","authors":"D.J. Vasquez, J. Judy","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443762","url":null,"abstract":"Building upon prior work performed at the micrometer scale, nanometer-scale flexure-based ferromagnetic actuators have been designed, fabricated, and tested. The smallest fabricated and tested magnetic actuator is a cantilever-based ferromagnetic actuator that consists of a single 50x338x1500 nm3 nickel magnet and a 30x110x2200 nm3 gold cantilever beam. In addition, the ultimate scaling limits of actuators of this general design have also been carefully studied and presented. The targeted applications for these structures include magnetically tunable frequency-selective surfaces, tunable optical filters, and direct macro-to-nano 3-D manipulation performed in a wide variety of nanoscale environments.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132720079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel optical lamellar grating out-of-plane microgyroscope","authors":"Guangya Zhou, K. Cheo, Y. Du, Siong Fook Chau","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443793","url":null,"abstract":"This paper demonstrates the realization of a novel lamellar grating out-of-plane gyroscope design. The sensing mechanism is based on out-of-plane motion of movable light-reflecting beams changing the phase relationship between the light reflected off the two sets of beams. This phase relationship is manifested as an intensity change in the zeroth-order diffracted light. The device consists of two in-plane 180deg out-of-phase vibrating masses with a set of overlapping light-reflecting beams behaving essentially as a lamellar grating. The device was fabricated based on the SOI-MUMPS process. The gyroscope demonstrated a sensitivity of 17.8 muV/(deg/s) and linearity error of less than 0.6%. The results have great potential to be improved through the use of more stable lasers, vacuum operation and better fabrication control.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131593467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A piezoelectrically-driven high flow rate axial polymer microvalve with solid hydraulic amplification","authors":"Xiaosong Wu, Seong-Hyok Kim, C. Ji, M. Allen","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443708","url":null,"abstract":"We report a piezoelectrically-driven and hydraulically-amplified axial polymer microvalve. The microvalve is normally open, and is fabricated and assembled primarily with stereolithographically fabricated polymer components. An incompressible elastomer is used as a solid hydraulic medium to convert the small axial displacement of a piezoelectric actuator into a large valve head stroke while maintaining a large blocking force. Also, the axial design of the microvalve enables densely-packed valve arrays. One application of this microvalve is in pneumatic tactile displays, some of which require operation against gas pressures up to approximately 90 kPa and switching speeds between 1-200 Hz. The current valve design has a maximum static hydraulic amplification ratio of 5 at 30 V driving voltage and a maximum valve head stroke of 37 mum at 150 V. Under a 94.4 kPa differential pressure, the flow rate of the valve and the closing voltage measure 785 mL/min and 150 V, respectively. In addition, the function of the microvalve as an on-off switch for a pneumatic microbubble tactile actuator is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127943144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Catalyst enhanced micro scale batch assembly","authors":"R. Baskaran, J. Hoo, B. Cheng, K. Bohringer","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443844","url":null,"abstract":"We enhance the efficiency of assembly of microparts in batch dry assembly methods studied previously by our group. Here we study the system dynamics with the addition of a few non-participating millimeter scale parts that act as 'catalysts'. We present experimental results that show 25-50% reduction in acceleration needed to trigger part motion and up to 4 times increase in concentration of parts in motion due to addition of catalysts. We adapt a model from chemical kinetic theory to understand our system behavior.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121308603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement and evaluation for interface thermal resistance of metal-dielectric layers","authors":"H. Chien, D. Yao","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443690","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present a sandwiched structure for measuring interface thermal resistance of metal-dielectric layers. Common used metal thin films in MEMS including chromium, nickel, aluminum, titanium, and platinum, were sandwiched in between two SiO2 layers. Measurement results showed the interface thermal resistance of metal/dielectric layers were narrowly distributed over the range of 2.5~3.8times10-8 m2K/W. A continuum two-fluid model was served to verify our measurement data and also provided some reasonable physical insight into heat flow across interface.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128918671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ting-Hsien Chen, Sheng-Yi Lu, Chia-Min Lin, W. Hsu, W. Fang
{"title":"Carbon nanotube arrays on flexible substrate and their field emission characteristics","authors":"Ting-Hsien Chen, Sheng-Yi Lu, Chia-Min Lin, W. Hsu, W. Fang","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443752","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a novel process to batch-fabricated carbon nanotube devices on flexible substrate. In short, the pre-made carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays on Si-wafer are firstly blended with polymer and are then transferred onto a polymer film using chemical-vapor-deposition (CVD) of parylene. This yields CNT arrays on flexible substrates. Electrical measurements reveal that nanotube arrays behave as ohmic conductors and their current-voltage profile is linear. Nanotubes embedded in polymer are then exposed by O2 plasma etching and field emission measurements indicate that exposed nanotube arrays exhibit a low threshold field emission at 0.58 V/mum and field enhancement factor appears to be 5500. Thus, the present devices offer a novel route to flexible FED applcation.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128717864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Briand, P. Dubois, Leslie Bonjour, L. Guillot, U. Bley
{"title":"Large deformation balloon micro-actuator based on pyrotechnics on chip","authors":"D. Briand, P. Dubois, Leslie Bonjour, L. Guillot, U. Bley","doi":"10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEMSYS.2008.4443711","url":null,"abstract":"This communication presents the modeling and the first demonstration of very large deformation balloon actuators based on pyrotechnics on chip. The gas and pressure generated by the combustion of a solid propellant stored in a micromachined cavity lead to the large deformation of the elastic membrane closing the cavity, forming a balloon with a radius of few millimeters. By combining the experimental data obtained on the mechanical properties of the elastic membrane and volume of gas generated per unit of mass of the propellant, design rules were defined for the realization of balloon actuators based on pyrotechnics. The dimensions of the system linked to the volume of propellant allow tuning the amplitude of the deformation of the membrane obtained during its combustion. The pyrotechnic balloon actuator fabricated is capable of large out of plane deflection (up to 6 mm) in few milliseconds. The work performed has generated a strong base for the further development of this actuating technology, especially in space exploration where the use of a combustible in a solid form brings many advantages.","PeriodicalId":233133,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115576505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}