Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales, Ivan Arturo Rodríguez-Sabogal, Adriana Sucari, Wendy Moncada, Lili Vanessa Hernández-Serrano, Florencia Escarrá, Pasesa Pascuala Quispe-Torrez, Francisco Javier Membrillo, Tomás Orduna, Susana Lloveras, Tânia S S Chaves, Miguel M Cabada, Cecilia Perret, René Echavarría, Ana F Ribeiro, Melinda Tanabe, Fernando Bazzino, Maximiliano Ramirez, Baruch Diaz, Karen Mirna Loro Morejón, Karen Daly, Reinaldo Rosas, Maria Belen Lopez, Cristina Miranda, Marisa Liliana Fernandez, Yasemin Özsürekçi, Wasin Matsee, Yenddy Carrero, Cristian Biscayart, Sergio Cimerman, Maria L Avila-Aguero, Roberto Debbag, Jose Brea, Alejandro Risquez, Jaime David Acosta-España, Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez, Carlos Espinal, Carlos N Torres-Martinez, Marta González-Sanz, Aula Abbara, Jill Weatherhead, Bernal Cordero, Virgilio Lezcano, Amanda Guerrero, Herberth Maldonado, Luis Cuellar, Ines Ceron, Yori Roque, Melisa Florentin, Rosa Infante, Ana Carvajal, Lily M Soto-Ávila, Marbelys Hernández, Hector Villaroel, Gianmary Miozzi, Rafael Navas, Moraima Hernández, Carlos Pérez-Vega, Manuela Mérida, David A Forero-Peña, Juan-Carlos Navarro, Claudia Beltrán-Arroyave, Mario Masana
{"title":"Reducing communicable-disease risk after earthquakes: Vaccination and prevention lessons for Venezuela's doublet.","authors":"Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales, Ivan Arturo Rodríguez-Sabogal, Adriana Sucari, Wendy Moncada, Lili Vanessa Hernández-Serrano, Florencia Escarrá, Pasesa Pascuala Quispe-Torrez, Francisco Javier Membrillo, Tomás Orduna, Susana Lloveras, Tânia S S Chaves, Miguel M Cabada, Cecilia Perret, René Echavarría, Ana F Ribeiro, Melinda Tanabe, Fernando Bazzino, Maximiliano Ramirez, Baruch Diaz, Karen Mirna Loro Morejón, Karen Daly, Reinaldo Rosas, Maria Belen Lopez, Cristina Miranda, Marisa Liliana Fernandez, Yasemin Özsürekçi, Wasin Matsee, Yenddy Carrero, Cristian Biscayart, Sergio Cimerman, Maria L Avila-Aguero, Roberto Debbag, Jose Brea, Alejandro Risquez, Jaime David Acosta-España, Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez, Carlos Espinal, Carlos N Torres-Martinez, Marta González-Sanz, Aula Abbara, Jill Weatherhead, Bernal Cordero, Virgilio Lezcano, Amanda Guerrero, Herberth Maldonado, Luis Cuellar, Ines Ceron, Yori Roque, Melisa Florentin, Rosa Infante, Ana Carvajal, Lily M Soto-Ávila, Marbelys Hernández, Hector Villaroel, Gianmary Miozzi, Rafael Navas, Moraima Hernández, Carlos Pérez-Vega, Manuela Mérida, David A Forero-Peña, Juan-Carlos Navarro, Claudia Beltrán-Arroyave, Mario Masana","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":" ","pages":"103009"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148388251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katharine M. Barry, Romeo Zoumenou, Michael J. Boivin, Achille Massougbodji, Raquel Gonzalez, Florence Bodeau-Livinec
{"title":"Assessment of long-term mental health effects of mefloquine use during pregnancy: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial in Benin","authors":"Katharine M. Barry, Romeo Zoumenou, Michael J. Boivin, Achille Massougbodji, Raquel Gonzalez, Florence Bodeau-Livinec","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mefloquine (MQ) was evaluated as intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) in a randomized clinical trial, as part of the ongoing search for alternatives to sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP). Although MQ was not recommended for IPTp due to poor tolerability, no psychiatric differences were found between trial arms. Nevertheless, widespread concerns about MQ's neuropsychiatric effects persist and remain clinically relevant — particularly for pregnant travelers to malaria-endemic areas for whom MQ prophylaxis is still indicated. Long-term data on MQ's effects on maternal mental health and infant neurodevelopment are lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data come from the Benin subsample of the MiPPAD randomized, three-arm clinical trial (N = 1183), conducted across antenatal care clinics in three study sites (Allada, Sékou, and Attogon) between 2009 and 2013. Women received either SP, MQ full dose (15 mg/kg), or MQ split dose (same total dose over two days). At one year postpartum, 752 mother–child pairs provided information on depression and anxiety (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)), maternal-child interactions (Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME)), and 745 infants had information on neuropsychological outcomes (Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL)). Logistic and linear regressions estimated odds ratios (OR) and beta coefficients (β) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Mothers were approximately 26 years of age at inclusion. No significant associations were found between IPTp regimen and maternal depressive symptoms (score ≥9: MQ full dose OR 0.85 [95% CI 0.60, 1.20]; MQ split dose OR 0.94 [95% CI 0.66, 1.34]), severe depression (score ≥12: MQ full dose OR 0.98 [95% CI 0.63, 1.54]; MQ split dose OR 1.26 [95% CI 0.82, 1.95]), or anxiety (MQ full dose OR 0.91 [95% CI 0.59, 1.40]; MQ split dose OR 1.03 [95% CI 0.67, 1.59]), all compared with SP. No associations were observed for infant MSEL composite scores (MQ full dose β −1.21 [95% CI –3.61, 1.18]; MQ split dose β −1.17 [95% CI –3.59, 1.25]) or total HOME scores (MQ full dose β 0.29 [95% CI –0.10, 0.69]; MQ split dose β 0.34 [95% CI –0.06, 0.74]). Subscale analyses suggested positive associations between MQ full dose and maternal involvement (β 0.12 [95% CI 0.02, 0.22]) and learning materials (β 0.21 [95% CI 0.02, 0.39]).</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>We found no evidence that MQ compared with SP affected maternal depression, anxiety, or infant development at one year. The associations with maternal involvement and learning materials warrant further investigation into possible indirect or behavioral effects of MQ.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT 00811421; Pan African Clinical Trials Registry PACTR 2010020001429343.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 103006"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesca F. Norman, David Brett-Major, Chiara Sepulcri, Emmanuel Bottieau, Theresa Sepulveda, Federica Toscanini, Laura A. Nicolini, Jesse J. Waggoner, Sami Alcedo, Davidson H. Hamer, Ralph Huits, Michael Libman
{"title":"Outbreak preparedness and response in a globalized world: are we ready?","authors":"Francesca F. Norman, David Brett-Major, Chiara Sepulcri, Emmanuel Bottieau, Theresa Sepulveda, Federica Toscanini, Laura A. Nicolini, Jesse J. Waggoner, Sami Alcedo, Davidson H. Hamer, Ralph Huits, Michael Libman","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recent global epidemics and pandemics have highlighted the need for adequate diagnostic capacities to respond to emerging threats. Strengthening operational capacities can lead to improved preparation; investing in emergency response infrastructure may diminish progression of outbreaks and prevent escalation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An email-linked survey was sent January-March-2025 to two global infectious disease surveillance networks’ (GeoSentinel and TropNet) participating clinics assessing capacity for Oropouche virus (OROV) diagnostic testing. Data on testing capacity for other arboviruses was also requested.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Responses were obtained for 58 GeoSentinel/TropNet sites (58/104, 55.8%): 50% responding sites (29/58) had OROV diagnostic testing available at a public reference laboratory; 23 sites (40%) had capacity for OROV RNA detection; 10 sites (17%) had OROV serological testing onsite. Estimated median turn-around times from phlebotomy-molecular OROV results were 4 days onsite and 6 days at the reference laboratory. Viral culture was available onsite at 9% of sites (at the reference laboratory for 26%). Molecular diagnostics availability for other arboviruses onsite showed >50% could test for at least one other arbovirus: dengue virus (31/58, 53%), chikungunya virus (29/58, 50%), West Nile virus (22/58, 38%) and yellow fever virus (12/58, 21%). Onsite serologic testing for non-OROV arboviruses was available at 39/58 sites (67%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The survey identified potential weaknesses in novel pathogen preparedness with respect to diagnostic capacity for OROV testing at specialized travel medicine clinics participating in two international networks. These findings provide an opportunity to implement measures to improve communication and planning and to strengthen diagnostic infrastructure prior to future outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 103002"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148228490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic confirmation ends a diagnostic odyssey in rare Bertiella studeri infection","authors":"Yuchun Cai, Jiahui Sun, Feng Miu, Jiaming Pan, Zhen Li, Haowen Dong, Peng Song, Muxin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we identified a case of <em>Bertiella studeri</em> infection in a child using etiological and molecular biological methods, which provided clear guidance for subsequent diagnostic work. Cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit 1 gene (COX1) was amplified and the sequence is closely related to <em>Bertiella studeri</em> (OP474069.1) The patient had been treated with Praziquantel 1 pill for one time and took it continuously for 6 days as a course of treatment. After six months, the patient did not find any more proglottids in the feces and returned to normal.</div><div>The patient was a 2 years and 7 months boy, who lived in Fuxi county, Huangshan City, Anhui Province, China. The patient had a history of contact with livestock, and taking cauliflower snake meat and white worm on trees at 2021. The main symptoms of the patient were abdominal pains, perianal itching. Streaky worms were found in stool for two months.</div><div>The patient came to National Children's Medical Center Children's Hospital of Fudan University for doctors' advice. The results of blood count showed that the Leukocyte count was 13.44 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L and Eosinophil count was 370/μl, which were both significantly higher than normal value. There were no differences between values of the red blood cell count and hemoglobin content which means the patient had no obvious symptoms of anemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 103007"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148333079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alimuddin Zumla, Brian McCloskey, Giuseppe Ippolito, Tieble Traore, Esam I. Azhar, Alfonso J. Rogriguez-Morales
{"title":"Lethal hantavirus at sea: Infectious disease outbreaks on cruise ships and limits of preparedness","authors":"Alimuddin Zumla, Brian McCloskey, Giuseppe Ippolito, Tieble Traore, Esam I. Azhar, Alfonso J. Rogriguez-Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.102989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.102989","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102989"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The case for rapid diagnostic testing on board cruise ships","authors":"Wolfgang Preiser, Lesley Scott, Lucille Blumberg","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 103004"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148219962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romina Soledad Romero, Judith Villar-García, Elena Sendra, Mariana Lapetra-Botas, José Miguel Rubio, Ivan Pelegrin, Pedro Berzosa, Marta Lanza-Suarez, Vicenta Gonzalez-Mora, Daniel Benjumea-Novalbos, Alexandra Martín-Ramírez
{"title":"Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in Europe: a new imported case in Spain and a case review","authors":"Romina Soledad Romero, Judith Villar-García, Elena Sendra, Mariana Lapetra-Botas, José Miguel Rubio, Ivan Pelegrin, Pedro Berzosa, Marta Lanza-Suarez, Vicenta Gonzalez-Mora, Daniel Benjumea-Novalbos, Alexandra Martín-Ramírez","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present the case of an imported <em>Plasmodium knowlesi</em> infection in a Spanish traveler returning from the Philippines. Conventional microscopy revealed atypical <em>Plasmodium</em> spp. forms, whereas the rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was negative. The diagnosis of <em>P. knowlesi</em> was confirmed using PCR and sequencing, and the patient made a full recovery after three days of artemisinin-based combination therapy with piperaquine tetraphosphate and artenimol.</div><div>To date, 18 cases of <em>P. knowlesi</em> infection have been reported in Europe. In most cases, microscopy led to misidentification as <em>P. falciparum</em> and/or <em>P. malariae</em>. RDTs often failed to detect acute <em>P. knowlesi</em>, and confirmation relied on molecular techniques in all cases, although some cross-reactivity with <em>P. vivax</em> has been observed previously. All patients received treatment, except for the previously reported Spanish case, and only one case progressed to severe malaria, but no fatalities were described.</div><div>The diagnosis of <em>P. knowlesi</em> remains challenging. Accurate identification relies on clinical suspicion, a detailed travel history, and microscopic examination, supported by molecular techniques. This approach enables timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 103011"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk factors for delayed post-exposure prophylaxis among Japanese travelers with animal bite exposure: A multicenter retrospective study","authors":"Takehiro Hashimoto, Kei Yamamoto, Taku Ogawa, Issaku Nakatani, Nobuyuki Mishima, Shinji Fukushima, Akira Nishizono","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.102998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.102998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease; however, no comprehensive studies have been conducted on rabies prevention among Japanese travelers with animal exposure providing detailed information on pre-travel consultation, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), rabies immunoglobulin administration, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the risk factors of delayed PEP among Japanese travelers exposed to animal bites.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This multicenter retrospective study evaluated patients who underwent PEP in Japan between January 2018 and December 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 508 patients, 303 (60%) received PEP within 24 h. Delayed PEP was associated with female sex, age 20–59 years, destination in Europe, Category II exposure, prior PrEP, and pre-travel consultation. Subsequent analyses revealed that female sex, category II exposure, and prior PrEP use were independent predictors of delayed PEP. Sensitivity analyses using delayed PEP thresholds of >24 h, >48 h, and >72 h showed highly stable patterns across demographic, travel, and exposure factors. Female sex, category II exposure, and PrEP consistently predicted delays, while backpacking was associated with delays >48 h. Other variables showed minimal fluctuations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A considerable proportion of patients received delayed PEP. Additionally, female sex, category II exposure, and prior PrEP were identified as the key determinants of delayed PEP. These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies to enhance compliance with rabies prophylaxis among Japanese travelers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 102998"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148206177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical challenges and delayed diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis in non-endemic regions: A case series","authors":"Alessandra D'Abramo, Ambrogio Curtolo, Angela Corpolongo, Rosario Alessandro Cavasio, Gaetano Maffongelli, Stefania Carrara, Donatella Vincenti, Carla Fontana, Emanuele Nicastri","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere, with an expanding geographic distribution driven by climate change, environmental modifications, and increased human mobility. Despite its rising incidence, diagnosis remains challenging, particularly in non-endemic areas where clinical suspicion is low and presentations are often atypical.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We describe three cases of Lyme borreliosis presenting with cutaneous manifestations after travel to endemic regions. In all patients, diagnosis was delayed due to non-specific symptoms or misinterpretation of early findings. Serological testing confirmed infection, and treatment with doxycycline resulted in complete clinical resolution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These cases underscore the importance of a careful travel history assessment, recognition of atypical clinical presentations, and maintaining a high index of suspicion for Lyme disease, even in regions traditionally considered non-endemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 103000"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148210995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew JW. Kain, Nicholas J. Beeching, Michael Brown, Thomas E. Fletcher, Catherine F. Houlihan, David G. Lalloo, Stephen D. Woolley
{"title":"Dengue and chikungunya vaccination in military populations, a comment on Bogacka et al.","authors":"Matthew JW. Kain, Nicholas J. Beeching, Michael Brown, Thomas E. Fletcher, Catherine F. Houlihan, David G. Lalloo, Stephen D. Woolley","doi":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.103003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23312,"journal":{"name":"Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 103003"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}