Translational lung cancer research最新文献

{"title":"Modality-specific survival outcomes of biomarker-matched therapy in unresected non-small cell lung cancer: a clinicogenomic cohort study.","authors":"Jiantong Sun, Zhenyu Yang, Yin Ku, Mao Liu, Dongsheng Wu, Shiyou Wei, Lunxu Liu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0476","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biomarker-matched therapy (BMT), including targeted therapy (TT) and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), has improved outcomes in selected patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, real-world evidence separating the survival associations of TT and ICB within BMT remains limited. We evaluated BMT and modality-specific survival associations in patients with unresected NSCLC using the Memorial Sloan Kettering Clinicogenomic Harmonized Oncologic Real-World Dataset (MSK-CHORD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 1,992 patients with unresected NSCLC were analyzed. BMT was defined as receipt of either matched TT or ICB according to the recorded tumor biomarker profile. Overall survival (OS) was compared using propensity-score overlap-weighted Cox models. Modality-specific analyses separately assessed TT in the TT-actionable group and ICB in the ICB-actionable group. Specimen-source, race-exclusion, landmark, and time-dependent Cox analyses were performed as sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,992 patients with unresected NSCLC, 894 received BMT. After overlap weighting, BMT was associated with longer OS than no BMT [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.68; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.59-0.79], with a stronger association in stage IV disease (aHR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.49-0.69). In modality-specific analyses, TT was associated with longer OS in the TT-actionable group (aHR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.53-0.82), with the clearest association in stage IV disease (aHR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.40-0.65). ICB was not associated with longer OS in the ICB-actionable group (aHR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.89-1.33). Findings were consistent across specimen-source and race sensitivity analyses, whereas landmark and time-dependent analyses attenuated the BMT and overall TT estimates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In unresected NSCLC, BMT was associated with longer OS in sequencing-anchored real-world analyses, particularly in stage IV disease. Separate modality-specific analyses showed that the clearest survival association was observed for TT, whereas ICB did not show a comparable association in the ICB-actionable group. These findings support reporting BMT, TT, and ICB separately when interpreting real-world outcomes of biomarker-matched systemic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perioperative safety and risk stratification of simultaneous resection for multiple pulmonary nodules via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Jiantong Sun, Zhenyu Yang, Yin Ku, Jie Cao, Jixuan Zheng, Shiyou Wei, Lunxu Liu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0524","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The detection of multiple pulmonary nodules (MPNs) has increased significantly, yet evidence regarding the safety of simultaneous resection using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) remains limited. This study evaluated treatment-requiring postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and procedure-specific risk factors after VATS-based simultaneous resection for MPNs, with particular attention to combined anatomical resections and segmentectomy-related anatomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lung cancer patients with a dominant tumor ≤3 cm who underwent synchronous thoracoscopic resection between December 2008 and October 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The primary endpoint was treatment-requiring PPCs, defined as Clavien-Dindo grade ≥II. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with treatment-requiring PPCs. Subgroup and supplementary analyses evaluated resection combinations, basal segment involvement, segmentectomy complexity, surgery period, and complication severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,052 patients, treatment-requiring PPCs occurred in 14.0% of patients, with no perioperative mortality. Impaired pulmonary function [forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁%) less than 80%; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) =2.76, P=0.002], larger dominant tumor size (aOR =1.35, P=0.03), and the resection of more than two nodules (aOR =1.75, P=0.02) independently increased baseline risks. In the comprehensive analysis, advanced age (≥70 years) (aOR =1.72, P=0.046) and lobectomy involvement (aOR =1.84, P=0.02) were independently associated with treatment-requiring PPCs. For two-nodule cases, combining a lobectomy with a segmentectomy carried the highest risk of treatment-requiring PPCs (aOR =3.19, P=0.007). Basal segment involvement was associated with treatment-requiring PPCs in the segmentectomy cohort (aOR =2.14, P=0.02) and remained associated after additional adjustment for complex segmentectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Video-assisted thoracoscopic simultaneous resection of MPNs appears feasible in selected patients, with a low severe PPC rate and no perioperative mortality. Preoperative pulmonary reserve, nodule burden, advanced age, lobectomy involvement, and basal segment involvement in segmentectomy-related procedures should be considered when planning individualized surgical strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enozertinib in <i>EGFR</i> Exon 20ins mutants: a game changer for CNS metastases, or a temporary conquest?","authors":"Naoki Furuya","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0817","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0817","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tool-in-lesion confirmation and diagnostic yield of digital tomosynthesis-integrated robotic bronchoscopic biopsy of lung nodules.","authors":"Joyce W Y Chan, Aliss T C Chang, Clarence H W Chan, Rainbow W H Lau, Calvin S H Ng","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0578","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transbronchial lung biopsy with electromagnetic navigation (EMN) has reported diagnostic yield of 60-70%. Newer systems with active robotic control overcome the limitations of older manually controlled systems, but accuracy may still be limited by computed tomography (CT)-to-body divergence. The novel digital tomosynthesis-integrated Galaxy SystemTM (Noah Medical) incorporating Tool-in-Lesion Tomography (TiLT^+TM) technology enables real-time lesion location updates and tool-in-lesion (TIL) confirmation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the TIL percentage using TiLT^+TM and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between September 2023 and October 2024, data of 27 lung nodules in 25 patients who underwent peripheral lung nodule biopsy using the Galaxy System^TM in the hybrid operating room were prospectively collected. Procedure was performed using the robotic system until the deployed needle was determined to be within lesion based on digital tomosynthesis. A CBCT was then used to confirm the actual location of needle tip in relation to lesion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen out of 27 nodules were solid, the rest being mixed ground glass opacities (GGOs). Bronchus sign was positive in 66.7% of the patients. A mean of 3.1 cycles of digital tomosynthesis (range, 2-6 cycles) was required to achieve TIL on tomography before CBCT confirmation. Procedural success, defined as ability to complete biopsy using he robotic system, was 96.3%. TIL/tool-touching-lesion (TTL) was confirmed by CBCT in 25/27 nodules (92.6%), with 16/27 (59.3%) showing center-strike. Conservative diagnostic yield was 84%, consisting of 16 definitive malignant and 5 benign specific diagnoses. There were no complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Robotic bronchoscopy with digital tomosynthesis is a safe and feasible method to reduce CT-to-body divergence and provide TIL confirmation, with good diagnostic yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"234"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical value of blood circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA) in liquid biopsy of lung cancer: a narrative review.","authors":"Lei Zhu, Longjun Xian, Lu Zhou, Min Yi, Jili Li, Yi Liu, Shuxiao Ma, Lunxu Liu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0525","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Lung cancer remains a major global health challenge, with substantial incidence rates and the highest cancer-related mortality. Liquid biopsy based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been widely used in lung cancer diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment guidance. However, its sensitivity remains limited due to the low abundance of ctDNA in circulation. Circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), released actively or passively by tumor cells and carrying tumor-specific alterations, offers a promising complementary biomarker in lung cancer liquid biopsy. This review summarizes current ctRNA research in lung cancer and highlights the potential of ctRNA approaches to improve diagnostic and monitoring performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a narrative review by systematically searching the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for identifying significant literatures related to clinical research for ctRNA in lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>This review summarizes the biological resources, including plasma, exosome, and platelet, and liquid biopsy techniques, such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), digital droplet PCR (ddPCR), nCounter, as well as next-generation sequencing (NGS) for ctRNA detection in lung cancer. In addition, we discuss the current clinical studies of ctRNA in diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring, as well as its integration with ctDNA in liquid biopsy of lung cancer. Finally, we highlight the current limitations and further perspective of ctRNA in clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ctRNA represents a powerful and increasingly essential component of next-generation liquid biopsy. Its integration with ctDNA enhances molecular profiling and supports more precise diagnosis, dynamic disease monitoring, and adaptation of targeted therapies in lung cancer. Continued methodological advancements will further accelerate its clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant chemotherapy and survival after resection for pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: a dual-center time-dependent analysis.","authors":"Linchuan Liang, Lei Liu, Yicheng Liang, Minjun Du, Mei Liang, Zixu Liu, Boxuan Zhou, Jianwei Shi, Yeye Chen, Shanqing Li, Yushun Gao","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0805","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For patients with resected large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy remains uncertain, and factors associated with greater benefit are not well defined. This study aimed to evaluate the association between adjuvant chemotherapy and survival outcomes while accounting for treatment timing and to identify clinicopathologic subgroups that may derive greater benefit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This dual-center retrospective study included 185 patients with resected large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. To reduce treatment-timing bias, a time-dependent multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used, in which adjuvant chemotherapy was treated as a time-dependent exposure. Overall survival and disease-free survival were evaluated. Sensitivity analyses, including time-fixed and landmark approaches, were performed to assess the robustness of the findings. Subgroup analyses were conducted in selected clinically relevant strata.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the primary time-dependent multivariable Cox model, adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.33-0.88; P=0.01). In contrast, adjuvant chemotherapy was not significantly associated with improved disease-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-1.38; P=0.59). Subgroup analyses suggested that the overall survival association was more pronounced in clinically higher-risk subgroups, particularly in patients with stage II-III disease (hazard ratio, 0.37; 95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.71; P=0.003) and node-positive disease (hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.63; P=0.002). Sensitivity analyses showed generally consistent effect directions across different analytic strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this dual-center retrospective cohort, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival after resection for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, whereas no significant association was observed for disease-free survival. The overall survival association appeared stronger in selected higher-risk subgroups, including patients with stage II-III disease and node-positive disease. Further studies are warranted to better define the patients most likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>EZR-ROS1</i>-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma presenting as diffuse cystic lung disease mimicking lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a case report.","authors":"Ziyin You, Wanda Bi, Hui Cao, Yan Wang, Chenjun Shi, Ying Zhou, Li Li","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0312","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diffuse cystic lung disease (DCLD) in women of reproductive age is often attributed to lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), but malignancy should be considered when atypical features are present.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report the case of a 27-year-old never-smoking woman initially diagnosed with LAM based on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings, who was subsequently found to have metastatic lung adenocarcinoma on supraclavicular lymph node biopsy. Her first HRCT showed diffuse thin-walled lung cysts, and in 6 months, the second HRCT showed diffuse cysts (2-14 mm) with heterogeneous cyst-wall thickness plus a left upper-lobe patchy opacity, as well as beaded pleural-based fissural nodules in the right lung. Meanwhile, her serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was 21.96 ng/mL and the supraclavicular node biopsy confirmed metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (cT4N3M1a, stage IVA). DNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) identified an <i>EZR-ROS1</i> rearrangement. After 8 months of crizotinib therapy, she achieved a partial response (PR) with CEA normalization. As of 77 months after treatment initiation, the patient maintains a PR without progression or documented acquired resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a LAM-like cystic background, the presence of superimposed focal opacities or nodules, fissural beading, and heterogeneous cyst-wall thickness should prompt an expedited malignancy work-up rather than an HRCT-only diagnosis, as this case demonstrates that systematic evaluation of atypical features in presumed LAM can identify treatable oncogene-driven malignancies amenable to highly effective targeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended sleeve lobectomy after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy: postoperative outcomes differ by surgical side.","authors":"Jialiang Wen, Yuzhou Wang, Tao Wang, Tao Chen, Yichen Dong, Jingyu Chen, Long Xu, Jiajun Deng, Yunlang She, Junqi Wu, Lei Jiang, Diego Gonzalez-Rivas, Xuefei Hu, Chang Chen, Chenlu Yang","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0455","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Centrally located non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has traditionally been managed by pneumonectomy (PN), while sleeve lobectomy has emerged as a parenchyma-sparing alternative. With neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy now standard for locally advanced NSCLC, the role of extended sleeve lobectomy in this setting remains unclear. The study evaluated whether extended sleeve lobectomy (ESL) could bring benefits to the NSCLC patients eligible for the procedure after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three hundred and thirty-five centrally located NSCLC patients who underwent sleeve lobectomy or PN following neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The population was divided into three groups: the ESL, the simple sleeve lobectomy (SSL), and the PN groups. Short-term perioperative outcomes, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival were compared among the three groups in the overall, left-sided, and right-sided cohorts, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the overall cohort, baseline characteristics showed no significant differences among the three groups, except for the surgical side (P<0.001). The ESL group had prolonged operation time, longer drainage time, and better EFS relative to the PN group. Subsequently, the effectiveness of surgical procedures was evaluated on the left and right sides, respectively. On the right, the complication rate of the PN group is higher than in the ESL and SSL groups (P=0.054). In contrast, for left-sided procedures, no significant difference in complication rates was observed among the three groups (P=0.49). Multivariable logistic regression showed that, on the right side, ESL was independently associated with lower odds of postoperative complications compared with PN (P=0.02), whereas no significant association was noted on the left side. Comparable EFS was observed between the ESL and SSL groups on both sides. Compared to the PN group, patients in the ESL group showed a favorable EFS trend (P=0.06) on the right side, whereas no significant difference (P=0.50) was observed on the left side.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ESL might bring benefits to patients with NSCLC on the right surgical side after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy compared to PN, while the advantage was not obvious when operating on the left side.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation oncolytic virotherapy for lung cancer: bridging innovative vector engineering with clinical immunotherapy.","authors":"Jiliu Liu, Ruitong Zeng, Guoping Li, Junyi Wang, Anying Xiong, Xiang He","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0627","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer‑related mortality worldwide, with resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) posing a persistent therapeutic bottleneck for advanced‑stage patients, largely driven by an immunologically \"cold\" tumor microenvironment (TME). Oncolytic virotherapy has emerged as a paradigm‑shifting strategy to reverse this immunosuppressive phenotype through selective tumor lysis and robust systemic immune ignition. The aim of this review is to offer a comprehensive translational roadmap for oncolytic viruses (OVs) in lung cancer. We systematically dissect the molecular underpinnings of OV‑triggered immunogenic cell death-encompassing apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy-as well as their distinct and overlapping contributions to antitumor immunity. Critically, we evaluate major physiological barriers that impede effective systemic OV delivery, including hepatic sequestration, pre‑existing neutralizing antibodies, and tumor stromal obstruction, and showcase cutting‑edge bioengineering countermeasures, such as cell‑mediated carriers, including mesenchymal stem cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix (ECM)‑degrading enzymes, and viruses armed with bispecific T‑cell engagers (BiTEs). We further synthesize the current clinical evidence, providing an updated appraisal of safety profiles, objective response rates, and biomarker‑driven outcomes from clinical trials. By bridging vector engineering innovations with real‑world clinical translation, this review establishes a strategic framework for advancing precision oncolytic immunotherapy in refractory lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of SUV_peak and prognostic nutritional index in patients with pleural mesothelioma treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.","authors":"Yoshiki Kato, Kosuke Hashimoto, Hisao Imai, Kyoichi Kaira, Reina Ishii, Naohito Hashimoto, Ou Yamaguchi, Atsuto Mouri, Hiroshi Kagamu, Ichiei Kuji","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0393","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2026-0393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, and reliable prognostic biomarkers are needed to better inform clinical management. We retrospectively investigated the prognostic value of the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), body mass index (BMI), and tumor glucose metabolism measured by ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed patients with PM treated with first-line platinum-pemetrexed chemotherapy at our institution (April 2007-December 2023; data cutoff, December 2024) and evaluated the prognostic value of these markers and baseline FDG-PET parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 79 patients diagnosed with PM, 51 who received first-line platinum-based chemotherapy with pemetrexed were analyzed. The median age was 69 (range, 42-81) years, 78% were male, and 67% had epithelioid histology. The objective response rate (ORR) was 27.5% [95% confidence interval (CI), 17.1-40.9%], and the disease control rate (DCR) was 72.5% (95% CI, 59.1-82.9%). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 5.8 (95% CI, 3.4-7.8) and 21.8 (95% CI, 13.4-33.5) months, respectively. Low PNI (≤45) was significantly associated with shorter OS than high PNI (>45) (18.8 <i>vs.</i> 28.5 months; P=0.04) and remained an independent prognostic factor in multivariable analysis (P=0.04). For 35 patients who underwent pretreatment ¹⁸F-FDG-PET, high peak standardized uptake value (SUV_peak) (>7.73) was significantly associated with worse OS than low SUV_peak (9.1 <i>vs.</i> 33.6 months; P<0.001) and remained an independent predictor in the multivariable analysis (P<0.001). None of the evaluated biomarkers significantly predicted PFS. GPS, NLR, and BMI showed no significant association with survival outcomes in the univariate analysis and were therefore not included in the multivariable models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low PNI and high SUV_peak significantly predicted poor OS in patients with PM treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. These factors may serve as practical prognostic indicators in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"15 8","pages":"243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}