Translational lung cancer research最新文献

{"title":"Needle tract seeding after endobronchial ultrasound-guided intranodal forceps biopsy and cryobiopsy: a case report.","authors":"Kohei Yamamoto, Tatsuya Imabayashi, Yukari Kano, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Kazuki Jinno, Shunya Tanaka, Sayaka Uda, Tatsuya Yuba, Chieko Takumi","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-218","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a standard procedure for diagnosing intrathoracic lymphadenopathy; however, it has limitations in diagnostic yield and sampling adequacy for certain conditions. To address this issue, EBUS-guided intranodal forceps biopsy (EBUS-IFB) and cryobiopsy (EBUS-CRYO) have been performed. Both techniques require the creation of a tract for the insertion of forceps or cryoprobes into the lymph nodes. However, potential adverse events associated with this tract remain unclear. Needle tract seeding (NTS), which is defined as the implantation of tumor cells along the puncture tract, is a rare but clinically significant complication of gastrointestinal procedures. However, its occurrence after bronchoscopy has rarely been reported. This report describes a rare case of NTS following EBUS-IFB and EBUS-CRYO.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>An 83-year-old woman with lung adenocarcinoma harboring <i>MET</i> exon 14 skipping mutation presented with right upper lobe nodules and bilateral mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The initial EBUS-TBNA yielded insufficient specimens for molecular testing. Subsequent EBUS-IFB and mediastinal cryobiopsy provided sufficient specimens for definitive diagnosis. Twenty-nine days after the procedure, computed tomography revealed rapid growth of the right upper lobe nodules and a tracheal mass at the biopsy site, consistent with NTS. Despite this complication, the patient demonstrated a marked response to tepotinib therapy, with significant regression of both the lung and tracheal lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the need for increased awareness of NTS following advanced biopsy techniques. Tumor-related factors such as high malignancy and necrosis, combined with procedural elements, likely contribute to its occurrence. Bronchoscopists should carefully evaluate the procedural approaches and follow-up protocols to mitigate this risk and ensure early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"2317-2323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of CK8/18 in identifying circulating tumor cells derived from lesions in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Tetsuya Sakai, Mami Onishi, Yoshitaka Zenke, Eri Morita Yamamoto, Yuichi Ijiri, Kana Kawasaki, Fumie Kato, Tomoko Sugano, Bishnu Devi Maharjan, Ali Asgar S Bhagat, Tomokazu Yoshida, Shigeki Iwanaga, Masatoshi Yanagida, Koichi Goto","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-155","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are identified by the absence of pan-leukocyte markers and positive staining for cytokeratin (CK). Anti-panCK antibody (AE1/AE3) is a widely used marker for CK. However, epithelial-mesenchymal transition reduces the expression of panCK markers, leading to low detection rates of CTCs, especially in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel CTC detection system using CK8/18 as an epithelial cell marker in patients with NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 20 patients with NSCLC (10 <i>EGFR</i> mutant and 10 <i>EGFR</i> wild-type) were included in this study. Blood samples were examined using the novel CTC detection system. Both anti-panCK and anti-CK8/18 antibodies were used to identify CK and detect CTCs. Additionally, CTCs isolated from patients with <i>EGFR</i> mutations underwent single-cell sorting, whole genome amplification, and gene analysis to verify their lung cancer origin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CTCs were detected in 17 patients (8 <i>EGFR</i> mutant and 9 <i>EGFR</i> wild-type) using CK8/18 and in only 8 patients (5 <i>EGFR</i> mutant and 3 <i>EGFR</i> wild-type) using panCK. The sensitivity of CTC detection based on CK8/18 was significantly higher than that based on panCK (85% <i>vs.</i> 40%, P<0.01). Among the 10 patients with <i>EGFR</i> mutations, <i>EGFR</i> mutations were confirmed in CTCs obtained from six patients in the gene analysis through single-cell sorting, aligning with mutations identified in tissue samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated the effectiveness of CK8/18 over panCK in detecting CTCs. Adopting CK8/18 in the novel system improved the detection rate of CTCs, highlighting its potential in clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"2100-2112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of KRAS mutation subtypes on morphological heterogeneity and immune landscape in surgically treated lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Klara Torok, Bence Ferencz, Kristiina Boettiger, Maria Dorothea Pozonec, Orsolya Pipek, Julianna Bogos, Andras Lantos, Zita Hegedus, Karin Schelch, Peter Radeczky, Krisztina Bogos, Vivien Teglas, Evelyn Megyesfalvi, Anita Ferenczy, Ferenc Renyi-Vamos, Clemens Aigner, Zsolt Megyesfalvi, Balazs Dome, Janos Fillinger","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1092","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) mutations represent the most frequent oncogenic driver alterations in Caucasian lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) patients, their impact on immune phenotype and tumor morphology is largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the associations between KRAS mutation subtypes, immune landscape, and tumor heterogeneity in surgically treated LADC, with a particular focus on specific tumor growth patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 87 surgically treated patients with histologically confirmed early-stage LADC. Three tumorous and one non-tumorous tissue microarray (TMA) cores were collected from each patient. KRAS genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays. We assessed the immune landscape by evaluating the NLRP3 inflammasome, CD3, CD163, and PD-L1 expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mutational landscape concerning the type of KRAS mutation was mostly homogenous across TMA cores, with KRASG12C being the most frequently detected alteration. Notably, in 19 cases, the dominant mutational subtype differed between the tumor punctures originating from the same tumor. Although KRASG12A mutation was not detected in LADC samples with a lepidic growth pattern and micropapillary LADCs lacked wild-type KRAS gene, no statistically significant association was found between the KRAS mutation subtype and LADC growth pattern. NLRP3 expression significantly correlated with CD3 and CD163 expressions (P<0.001), and elevated NLRP3 levels were characteristic of LADCs with solid growth pattern (P=0.001). Tumor samples with solid morphology expressed significantly higher levels of PD-L1 than acinar- or lepidic-pattern LADCs (P=0.007 and P=0.002, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>KRAS mutation subtypes may have a heterogeneous distribution across different tumor regions, contributing to cases with concomitant mutation subtypes that create significant diagnostic challenges. The growth pattern-specificity of NLRP3 and PD-L1 offers additional guidance for the future development of alternative immunotherapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"1914-1928"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of survival and recurrence patterns following definitive chemoradiotherapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer-a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Erika Broström, Johan Isaksson, Panagiotis Xanthoulis, Rebecka Börjesson, Linda Willén, Tomas Hansen, Georg Holgersson, Simon Ekman, Johan Botling, Kristina Lamberg Lundström, Patrick Micke, Magnus Lindskog","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-24-840","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-24-840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is regarded as the treatment of choice for inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Despite the curative intent, recurrence is frequent, and overall prognosis is poor. Thus, there is a need for clinical biomarkers to better predict outcome and to optimize treatment and follow-up. The aim of this study was to characterize a large cohort of real-world stage III NSCLC patients who received CRT with curative intent and to define parameters that could predict recurrence patterns, overall survival (OS) and survival time from recurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is based on a cohort of 193 stage III NSCLC patients receiving CRT with curative intent in mid-Sweden during the years 2009-2018. Data was retrospectively collected from medical records. Clinical parameters, recurrence patterns, salvage treatment, histological and molecular data were analyzed and correlated to outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median follow-up was 52 months, with a median OS of 33 months. Most patients (66%) progressed, commonly within the first 3 years following CRT. Performance status and common blood markers at recurrence were associated with worse survival. The presence of driver mutations [epidermal growth factor receptor (<i>EGFR</i>), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (<i>KRAS</i>)] or metastatic spread to N3 lymph nodes increased the risk of distant recurrence. Immunotherapy as salvage treatment was associated with a significantly better prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Routine diagnostic parameters can be used to predict survival and recurrence patterns in patients receiving curative CRT. Additionally, salvage treatment with immunotherapy was the strongest factor associated with longer survival after disease recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"1972-1985"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on lung cancer complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis: a narrative review.","authors":"Ze-Jun Zhou, Hai-Yan Xie, Luca Bertolaccini, Ning Xia, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-450","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and lung cancer (LC) are both serious health threats and have a complex relationship. Research has shown that tuberculosis (TB) may induce LC through chronic inflammation. TB infection is also more common in LC patients than in the general population. Patients with LC and TB have a higher rate of misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis, and a worse prognosis. Thus, the diagnosis and treatment of patients with LC and TB are highly challenging. This narrative review aims to provide some information for clarification on the relationship between LC and TB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched for retrospective cohort studies, observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published between the database's inception and 2024 to retrieve relevant articles on TB and LC from the PubMed/MEDLINE database.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>We outline the latest research on the relationship between pulmonary TB and LC, potential biological mechanisms, as well as the co-treatment of TB and the tumor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic inflammatory stimulation, scar formation, DNA damage, immune dysfunction, and other mechanisms caused by TB are associated with the development and progression of LC. LC may also reactivate TB. Currently, there is no standard diagnosis and treatment plan for co-existent TB and LC. The fundamental principle of patient management is to balance anti-tumor and anti-TB treatments based on the patient's physical condition and make comprehensive intervention decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"2272-2280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of thermal ablation for small cell lung cancer liver metastases.","authors":"Shunn Theingi, Ashara Mitchell, Elena N Petre, Etay Ziv, Constantinos T Sofocleous, Stephen B Solomon, Erica S Alexander","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-112","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma associated with early development of distant metastases, which portends a worse prognosis. The median survival of metastatic SCLC with standard treatment is only 9-11 months, with a 5-year survival of 1-2%. Patients with SCLC are often initially responsive to systemic therapies, but once they develop resistance to them, locoregional therapies like thermal ablation should be investigated for possible improvements in morbidity and mortality. This brief retrospective report evaluates six patients with SCLC liver metastases (LMs), treated in 11 thermal ablation sessions (radiofrequency ablation or microwave ablation). Technical success was achieved in all treatments (100%). After the first ablation, 3/7 ablated tumors had residual disease. Survival outcomes were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Median local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) was 2.9 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.5-3.9] months. Median assisted LTPFS, defined as tumor control with subsequent retreatment, was 25.9 (95% CI: 8.3-not reported) months. Median overall survival (OS) was 14.3 months. There was one adverse event (1/11) of grade 1, according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0, fatigue within a month of ablation, which self-resolved. The results suggest that thermal ablation is safe for SCLC LMs. Although LTPFS was very modest, the long duration of assisted LTPFS and OS in this small, retrospective study suggests that thermal ablation may be a promising treatment option.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"2309-2316"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of durvalumab consolidation after definitive radiochemotherapy for non-operable stage III non-small cell lung cancer on the dose effect relation for therapy related pulmonary infiltrates as a risk factor for pneumonitis.","authors":"Andreas Herz, Maja Guberina, Christoph Pöttgen, Thomas Gauler, That Truong Mike Ton, Gerrit Fischedick, Lars Oliver Kiwitt, Wolfgang Lübcke, Christian Hoffmann, Martin Schuler, Martin Metzenmacher, Benedikt M Schaarschmidt, Denise Bos, Marcel Opitz, Hubertus Hautzel, Kaid Darwiche, Servet Bölükbas, Konstantinos Grapatsas, Verena Jendrossek, Lena Gockeln, Florian Wirsdörfer, Mario Hetzel, Emil Mladenov, Martin Stuschke, Nika Guberina","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1284","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2024-1284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Consolidation therapy with the anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody durvalumab, or other immune checkpoint inhibitors, has been associated with improved progression-free and overall survival in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as demonstrated in randomized clinical trials. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the dose-response relationship for partial lung infiltrate volumes per dose bin after definitive radiochemotherapy as a sensitive end point to detect a durvalumab effect on the lung parenchyma in patients with subclinical or grade ≤2 pneumonitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients from a prospective registry with inoperable NSCLC stage III who developed no or pneumonitis grade ≤2 after definitive radiochemotherapy with or without durvalumab consolidation were included. Pulmonary infiltrates outside the planning target volumes were contoured in the follow-up computed tomography (CT) at the time of maximum infiltrate expression. Partial lung infiltrate volumes per dose bin were determined over the entire dose range. A mixed random and fixed effect model was used to fit dose response curves stepwise in dose bins of 5 Gy. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used for model comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty patients with and 44 without durvalumab consolidation were analysed. The step model showed a significant dose response relationship for the pulmonary infiltrates (P<0.001, <i>F</i>-test) that was modified by the durvalumab effect (P<0.001, <i>F</i>-test). There was a significant dependence of the durvalumab effect on radiation dose (P=0.003). The durvalumab effect increased with dose from 0% in the lowest dose bin as reference to 5.2%±1.2% partial lung infiltrate volume in the highest dose bin. There was significant inter-individual heterogeneity of partial lung infiltrate volumes at each dose bin (P<0.001, <i>F</i>-test). The percentage of lung volume receiving at least 5 Gy (V5) was the most significant characteristic increasing risk of pulmonary infiltrates (P<0.001, <i>F</i>-test). Multivariable proportional hazards Cox-model showed that pulmonary infiltrates at 5-10 and 35-40 Gy dose bins were dominant factors determining the risk of pneumonitis grade 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between radiation dose and lung infiltrates observed by follow-up CT scans after radiochemotherapy is sensitive enough to detect factors that systematically increase the radiation dose response. In this case, the focus is on durvalumab consolidation and radiation dose to the lung. The dose-response relationship may help in the prediction of grade 2 pneumonitis. However, further research is needed to understand the biological factors that contribute to the large differences in response to radiation dose between individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"2074-2088"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer metastasis by regulating tumor-associated macrophages: a narrative review.","authors":"Xinyi Tu, Baozhen An, Haolong Qi, Na Zhang, Yanqiu Liu","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-380","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with metastasis representing the principal determinant of poor clinical outcomes. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), as key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), play pivotal roles in modulating immune responses, tumor progression, and metastatic dissemination. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated potential in regulating TAM polarization, thereby inhibiting tumor metastasis. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the current evidence on how TCM modulates TAMs to prevent and treat lung cancer metastasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search of literature on TAMs, lung cancer metastasis, and TCM published between 2016 and 2025. Following initial screening of retrieved articles, relevant sources were cross-referenced to identify additional studies.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>This review presents a comprehensive summary of recent advances in the modulation of TAMs by TCM in the setting of lung cancer metastasis. TCM-derived compounds and classical herbal prescriptions have demonstrated the ability to reprogram TAMs from an immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype to an immunostimulatory M1-like phenotype. Mechanistically, these agents exert their effects by modulating multiple signaling pathways, including TLR4/NF-κB, STAT3/STAT6, PI3K/AKT, and STING/TBK1/IRF3 pathways, as well as key cytokine networks involving interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Representative monomers, including curcumin, calycosin, and polyphyllin VII, as well as classical formulas such as Bu-Fei decoction (BFD) and Kejinyan decoction, exhibit anti-metastatic activity by reprogramming the immunosuppressive TME and enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TCM represents a promising strategy for suppressing lung cancer metastasis by targeting TAMs and restoring immune homeostasis. Future research should focus on the standardization of TCM formulations, mechanistic elucidation, and translational validation in clinical settings. Integrating TCM with contemporary immunotherapies may yield synergistic benefits and advance precision oncology for metastatic lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"2281-2295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the clinical impact of severe lung cancer on non-small cell lung cancer: a single-center retrospective study.","authors":"Huixin Jiang, Ling Yi, Du Feng, Hao Deng, Qiexinhao Li, Wenhui Guan, Yue Zhu, Yijia Li, Bin He, Gengda Huang, Ying Wu, Xinqing Lin, Chengzhi Zhou","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-71","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-71","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe lung cancer (SLC) refers to patients with performance status (PS) ranging from 2 to 4, who may show improvement through the resolution of life-threatening but treatable factors, including comorbidities, tumor-related complications, and treatment-related advanced events. This concept has gained international expert consensus but remains underexplored, especially in the context of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study specifically aims to clarify the association between critical status (CS), SLC and survival outcomes, providing insight into the clinical significance of SLC in NSCLC management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retrospective study enrolled 254 NSCLC patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. These patients were divided into three groups: stable population group, SLC, and non-SLC. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to estimate overall survival (OS, primary endpoint). Cox regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with OS. Additionally, correlation analysis was conducted to explore relationships between various variables and the progression of CS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-one (24.0%) out of 254 patients met initial CS during their clinical course. Forty-one (67.2%) out of 61 patients recovered after definite therapy, identified as SLC. Median follow-up was 19.4 months. No significant difference was observed in baseline characteristics between stable population and those who met CS. Developing CS was independent risk factor related to OS after cox regression analyses [hazard ratio (HR), 21.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.6-73.8; P<0.001]. Both SLC (HR, 5.4; 95% CI: 1.2-24.3; P=0.03) and non-SLC (HR, 101.2; 95% CI: 23.2-441.6; P<0.001) were also independently associated with worse OS. The median OS of CS population (44.3 months; 95% CI: 20.2-68.5) was significantly worse than that of the stable population (P<0.001). Among patients who developed CS, SLC had a significantly longer median OS compared with non-SLC (P<0.001). Survival was significantly worse in the SLC population compared to the stable population (P=0.01). Correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between supportive therapy and CS progression. Significant differences were observed between the SLC and non-SLC groups regarding gender distribution (P=0.03) and the use of first-line ICI-based therapy (P=0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The occurrence of initial CS significantly impairs OS in NSCLC patients. However, therapeutic interventions targeting the underlying causes of SLC can improve OS. These findings underscore the importance of early identification and management of CS in NSCLC patients. Further well-designed studies are warranted to validate these results and explore optimal treatment strategies for this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"2047-2061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes contribute to lung cancer risk: a multiomics data integration study.","authors":"Zhaoxun Li, Suqin Wang, Zhen Yang, Fujun Yang, Jiayan Tan, Yaqin Wei, Esteban C Gabazza, Mariacarmela Santarpia, Yimu Wu, Gening Jiang, Ya Li","doi":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-474","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tlcr-2025-474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in lung cancer remains inadequately explored, with existing studies reporting conflicting results. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between ERS-related genes and lung cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used two large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets on lung cancer and integrated multiomics data, including methylation, expression and protein quantitative trait loci, to determine the causal relationships between methylation, gene expression, protein abundance, and lung cancer risk via summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) and colocalization analyses. The findings revealed regulatory effects of methylation on gene and protein expression. Moreover, using cancer databases, key genes and proteins with prognostic significance were validated, and their correlations with immune cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 168 methylation sites associated with lung cancer risk linked to 97 genes. Among these, 20 genes showed altered messenger RNA levels, and 9 had modified protein abundance. Reduced methylation at cg23090046 correlated with increased <i>KLC1</i> transcription, protein abundance, and lung cancer risk. Similarly, reduced methylation at cg12873919 and cg13989999 was associated with elevated <i>BCL2L1</i> transcription and heightened lung cancer risk. Patients with high <i>BCL2L1</i> expression exhibited greater M2 macrophage infiltration, while those with high <i>KLC1</i> expression exhibited greater B-cell immune suppression, with the high expression of both genes being associated with poor prognosis [<i>KLC1</i>: hazard ratio (HR) =1.29, 95% confident interval (CI): 1.14-1.45; <i>BCL2L1</i>: HR =1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.36].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study systematically investigated the causal relationship between ERS-related genes and lung cancer risk, revealing that elevated expression of <i>KLC1</i> and <i>BCL2L1</i> may contribute to increased lung cancer risk and be associated with poor prognosis in affected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23271,"journal":{"name":"Translational lung cancer research","volume":"14 6","pages":"2210-2226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12261378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}